put it in a pot and melt it to give drinks to cattle. One day a man let out a sheep and when he went to look for her he could not get her because she was buried in a high drift of snow. After a week the man was walking about the field and he saw a hole in the snow and he dug it up and there he got the sheep alive and safe. Snow that is high in some places and low in other places is called "sneacta sguaibte" About thirty five years ago there was a terrible thounder storm which did much harm. I heard about a woman and a boy who were coming home from the bog and they had two asses carrying cleeves of turf. The womans ass turned back towards the bog and she followed him. When she returned the boy and his ass were dead. The lightening having killed them.

In those days there were no banks and the people who had any money hid it in the roofs of the houses and it was scattered around the country when the roofs were blown away. I heard of a man who lived near Castlerea with his son in an old cabin. The storm raged around his cabin. He told his son to get up and put the bold on the door but his sone would not. At last the wind blew the door in and he had to get

up and shut the door. As he did so a purse of gold was blown in to his face and he said "It is an ill wind that blows no body good" Another storm which was nearly as bad happened about thirty-two years ago. People say it was just as bad as the big wind of 1839 but that things were better protected and there was not as much harm done but still trees were knocked. Another storm which began when the people were at mass caused terrible disturbance. When they came out of the church they could see nothing but sheaves flying off stacks of oats. In 1917 there was a great snow storm which occurred on the last night of January and which remained on the ground until St Patricks day. It began when the people were in bed . It was so high that the people could hardly open their door in the morning. A person would not know the road from the field. People could not let out their cattle. Most people had to bring in snow and

149 2nd January 1939 Local Heroes Taken from - Imelda Callan Rickardstown Co. Kildare There were some great singers long ago namely Mrs. Murray Mylerstown who lived about twenty years ago. Michael Hyland Kildoon who lived about thirty years ago. John Mac Cormack is about yer. P. Cullen Waterstown, P. Kelly and J. Murray Riverstown were famous storytellers. Mr. Morgan, Mr O'Brien and J. Murray Riverstown were famous storytellers. Mr. Morgan, Mr O'Brien and J. Toole were famous for their dancing. The most famed jumpers were - J. Cathal, Pollock Dinnie Fitzpatrick Waterstown and P. O'Brien Boherbawn.

There are two fairy forts in the school district. One is named Paddy Smyth's mount, and the other Mc Gahan's lios. Both are in the townland of Waterstown. They are in view of one, and other. They are circular in shape. There is a fence of earth, and stones around each. There is no entrance stone on any of them that I heard about. Many a one visited them, but I do not know of any one entering them, and exploring them. There is an old man in this neighbourhood named Patrick Lear, and he told me this story about his great grandfather. This man sold a horse to a man; the man paid him for the horse in Ardee at the fort. When he went there, and delivered his horse he took a walk through the beautiful stabling, and he was surprised to see a great many men lying across their horses fast asleep, with the exception of one who had no horse, and seeing this horse that the man brought

A long time ago there lived in Weaver Street three weavers namely John Melia, Peter Marshal, and James Conor. These people used to weave flax into linen. The people around used buy this linen at about 7d per yard and out of this linen they used to make sheets, shirts, and towels. About forty years there lived in Cloghan two carpenters namely Patrick Craven and Pat Loonam. About sixty years ago there lived in Cloghan two blacksmiths, their names were Jim Mulhare and Jimmie Carroll.

A siege was held in Old kilcullen in 1798. The town was sacked & the inhabitants massacried and the walls were burnt. In Oldkilcullen there is round tower which was the refuge where the monks ran for

name means the "Hill of beauty" In 'Old kilcullen' there is a tower with a subterrain tunnel running from it to 'New Abbey' where the monks of New Abbey run to in time of danger New Abbey, Oldkilcullen, Castledermot, Castlemartin and Ballymore eustace were built by the Fitz-Eustaces long ago.

animal did damage to anothers property he would have to work without pay with the man for three days for compensation Fairs are held onece a month & the people sell their vegetables, eggs milk etc. - . In many parts of Galway "luck penny" is parded, for example if a man wanted a horse and paid twenty-five for it the other might give him back a pound as a "luck penny". In Old kilcullen a fair used to be held there on the "Green" long ago and the ordeals used to be settled with blackthorn sticks.

There is a very old graveyard in Old kilcullen. It is situated around the tower. The head-stones are very old. They are mostly made of Iron, though there a stone ones. There are a few trees and shrubs in the 'yard and a few stone monuments. On the monuments are carvings. The graveyard is on a slope with tower. The graveyard is not much used now and therefore it is neglected. The stones are falling and the inscription is faded.

Hillview means a view from a hill being on the summit of halverstown covert. (fox) "The Green" of Old_Kilcullen means the common where the fair used to be held Knockaulin or "Cnoc Aluinn" is a hill situated near Old kilcullen It means the "hill of beauty" owing to the magnificent scenery from its summit.

There is the ruins of an old castle in a field belonging to Michael Tracey. It is in this was the story originated. There was a man living in Clough named Paddy Byrne (?) long, long ago. He used to go to England every year to work for a lord called Lord Robert Grey. One year he had not enough money to buy a ticket so he stayed at home. The landlord ordered him to pay his rent or he would evict him. Paddy had living in his house his wife and a servant boy called Mick O Connor. They had nothing on the farm except a stand of oats. Himself and his boy threshed the oats and sacked it for going to the market in Galway. He started at mid-night and was just going in near Galway when he met a gentleman on horse-back "Good day Paddy" said the man "Good-day your honour" said Paddy, "Have you

Ring worms - Some people make a belt, and the person troubled with ring worm wears this belt. Scald (?) in an animals foot - some people get a sod, and cut it the shape of the foot. Then they put the foot down on it and say prayers. Then they go to the byer and put it up over the animal's head and in a few days the animal is alright. I got this information from- Mrs Parke Callowhill Ballinamore Mrs Mitchell Killaneen Ballinamore Mr G Price Corgar Ballinamore

this day because they believed they were giving away their butter. There is a woman living in the town-land of Graffy and she was churning for a day but no butter came on the milk. Next day she started again but could not get any butter. After a few hours, her next door neighbours came in and started churning and immediately the butter came on the milk. This woman believes that her neighbours had her butter. The woman's name is Mary Ruddy. There was another old woman in the town land of Graffy and she was churning for a long time but she did not get any butter. At last an old woman came in and told her to put a burned sod of turf under the churn and when she did so she got the butter. There was another old

The drugged quilt is made from wool and linen woven together by weavers. They were generally of a red colour and heavy, sold in Sligo or on Enniskillen markets.

A linen sheet was put on one side and the drogged on the outside It was dyed a red colour and quilted with red woollen thread. The tongs used by the people was a bent black salley rod. They called it a Moduse. The fires were made of bog sgraws. Daub with a hole in it was used to hold a rush candle to show the people light while saying their prayers and going to bed. The pillows were made with calico filled with straw.

Basket making. James Cullen of Drumnasooey used to make several things out of rods. He used make creels for drawing home turf and potatoes also baskets for holding clothes. he used make gubbans for young calves to keep them from eating wisps until they would be three weeks old. He used put fine rods into a large pot with some water to boil on the fire When boiled enough he would pull the bark off with his hands. There baskets were called hand baskets and he used sell them for a half crown or three shillings. The used carry them about when shopping. Besom Making James Furrie of Carrownacluane used used make heather beesoms. He used travel though the country with his bundles and sell them at twopence each

Weaving: Patrick Connolly of Culfadda and his brother used to weave yearn into linen which was used for making sheets and towels. There was another material called drogget which he used weave into cloth for womens under-shirts. Thatching: There was a man named Patrick Conlon of Cumming near Lough na Súl (?) He was famous for thatching. The people used come from a far off distance to employ him. Rope Making: Every body used make their own ropes out of rushes. They used tie them in bundles until they toughened. Then they would beat them with a beetle and plait them into ropes. These ropes were called Sgoidheach (skyeach). Churn: Firkin and Tub Making Tom Conlon of Gleann used make

Weaving Patrick Connolly of Culfadda and his brother used to weave yearn into linen which was used for making sheets and towels. There was another material called drogget which he used weave into cloth for womens under-shirts Thatching There was a man named Patrick Conlon of Cumming near Lough na Súl (?) He was famous for thatching. The people used come from a far off distance to employ him Rope Making Every body used make their own ropes out of rushes. They used tie them in bundles until they toughened. Then they would beat them with a beetle and plait them into ropes. These ropes were called Sgoidheach (skyeach) Churn (?) Firkin and Tub Making Tom Conlon of Gleann used make

The local roads are the Kerry Road, Island Road, Glenlara Road, Charleville Line Road, Lower Road, Scarteen Road, Boreen Caol, Line Road, Clonfert Rd, High Rd, New Rd, Blueford Road, Commons Road, Brians Road, Savages Road, Bloods Road and the Tralee Road The old roads are not in use now because when the new roads were made the old roads were disused. The Kerry Rd. leads to Kerry. The Line Rd. leads to Rock Chapel. Glenlara Rd. was made in the year 1885. Kerry Rd. is the main road to Newmarket. (The old roads are not in use now) The men long ago making roads got very small wages about fourpence a day or sixpence. There are very old paths in the school district. Before bridges were made the rivers were crossed by fords

There was a man living in the Island named Pat OMahony. In his young days he was a great jumper, a great swimmer and a great lifter. He jumped a foot over his own height He swam ever day in the year. There was a man living in Scarteen Rd. He used to walk to Cork every Saturday with butter and farm produce. There was a great footballer in Glenlara named John OKeeffe. In his young days he used to play with Co Cork. Tim O Sullivan of Kerry Rd mowed an acre of land in a day Pat Mahony also drank a gallon of milk in a day. Peter and Dan Donoghue of Barnacurra were also great dancers. Tim Cottor was also a great dancer.

eyes going together. There was a man in Killowen named Brian Sweeney used to make frames for "sugán" chairs. There was a man living in the Charleville line named William Heyslip. He was a Cooper. He used to make barrels and tubs for holding water. He used to make tubs for curing meat for the farmers. He was working at the creamery and the farmers used to bring the barrels to the creamery and he used fix them there. Mr. Jeremiah O Keeffe of Scarteen Road was a thatcher. He used to go around the country thatching houses. It is said that he used to give a guarantee that his thatching would hold for eight years before it would leave in the rain. It is said that thatchers are the most hungriest men that work in the

Over a hundred years ago there lived in the townland of Foxhall West a poor man by the name of O'Dea. The house where he dwelt was situated on the Cork Limerick border beside the Garryfine Charleville road. Looking at the place today one cannot see any remains of this house. He was an honest hardworking man but even so he found it hard to make ends meet as he had twenty one children. One night he dreamt there was a pot of golden sovereigns buried in the Abbey. This Abbey is a ruin in Colmanswell graveyard. The poor man was delighted but he told nobody - not even his wife. He had always heard that it was no use to dream of hidden gold unless one

held from the Canal bridge to Annamore bridge. It was abolished about the year 1860 on account of the Liquor evil. It became a terrible place for fighting There were party men who used to pride out of their fighting abilities expecially the Mollins, and Keehans, the Briens and Horans. One fairday the Charleville clock struck one. A man shouted there's one o'clock and not a stroke struck yet, he struck the first man he met, with a stick on the head, immediately there were scores of men fighting. After that Fr. O Rafferty P.P of Tullamore had the fair abolished.

Story told by Kathleen O Farrell Eascanrath Suncroft. 25" March '36. There was a man one time and he had a number of cows. He used to milk them every morning but he could not get any milk from them in the evening. He remained up one night and a hare came. He got his hounds after the hare, and they followed it to a little house over in the fields. The man continued after the hounds, and he noticed that one of the hounds caught the hare by the leg, but the hare escaped. The man then went into the house, where he saw a little woman sitting in the corner, all blood, and she smoking a pipe.

Benduff (black peak or Gable) near Rosscarbery contains an ancient castle - about a mile north of Ross in the bosom of a cultivated valley shut in by hills and at one place encompassed by dense trees. This differs to a certain extent from the generality of castles of former times which as a rule were perched on some rocky eminence or on some rising ground. The sheltered and isolated nature of its situation very probably protected it in a great measure from external danger. This castle was built by ODonovan, but others assert it was built by Katherine eight daughter of Thomas Earl of Desmond. About the year 1470 or thereabouts. Thomas earl of Desmond was one of the most powerful of his race. He was executed at Drogheda having fallen victim to the malice of Jane Grey. There are many legends told locally about Katherine Desmond she is called the "Black Lady. There are various legends also told of Benduff castle. It is built in the style of a Norman fortress several of which were to be seen throughout the country. It is famous for its square central keep or tower with thick massive walls. Coopholed for the use of arms

as experience proved that a coarse linen shread would cut the woollen thread. For coarse "droguet" equal numbers of linen threads and woollen threads were used. The finer and better quality of "droguet" and get by weaving three parts woollen yarn with one part linen yarn. The weaving was done on hand-looms, a knd of frame made of wood. These materials were sometimes worn their natural colour. Home-dyeing, however, often provided the people with some coloured stuffs. "Droguet" was usually dyed brown, or bronze. Linen was usually dyed blue.

as experience proved that a coarse linen shread would cut the woollen thread. For coarse "droguet" equal numbers of linen threads and woollen threads were used. The finer and better quality of "droguet" and get by weaving three parts woollen yarn with one part linen yarn. The weaving was done on hand-looms, a knd of frame made of wood. These materials were sometimes worn their natural colour. Home-dyeing, however, often provided the people with some coloured stuffs. "Droguet" was usually dued brown, or bronze. Linen was usually dyed blue.

Long ago weaving was carried on in the homes of certain people called "weavers", and followers of this trade sold their commodities locally. The weaving of linen was carried on to provide material for shirts, sheets and dresses. Linen dresses and wool yarn were often woven together. This mixture was used for petticoats, a finer & better quality of this mixture was also possible, and was used as a dress material considered at the time to be of a very fine texture. This mixture of linen threads and woollen yarn was called "droguet" In making "droguet" a very fine linen thread was needed

who lived in Shanagolden, was noted for walking. He walked to Stonehall, Kilcornan every Sunday, and drank two pints of stout, and returned home the same evening. That walk was over thirty miles. John Mulvahill (Mulvihill ?) and Patrick Sullivan of Main Street, Shanagolden, are noted for jumping. They can jump over five feet. Pat Bourke, father of black smith Bill Bourke, Foynes, lived in the house where the Hanley's have their store at present, and he was a noted black smith. He could make a set of shoes, and shoe a horse in a half an hour. John Kelly a brother of Michael Kelly of Kilbradren, was a noted footballer. He could take the ball off six men. Patrick O'Shaughnessy of Kilbradren, was avery strong man. He

There is a church situated on the lands of Michael Loughnane in the townland of Moneen and it was the burying place of the ffrenches who owned the properties of Vermount Corgary, and Mt Hazel in the years gone by and it afterwards became the burying place of the Blakes of Vermount. It was built entirely of stone but it was reconstructed in the last century and is now roofed with slate. On a tablet of stone over the door is engraved the Blake Coat of arms which consists of a wild cat and underneath their motto in Latin. In the interior of the church there is a stone alter with a stone tablet let into the front of it and on this are cut the names of the people who are buried there. There are also two or three stone bowls measuring about 6ins across which seem to belong to the stone age. There is an underground vault with a stone stairs leading down to it and the coffins are ranged about by the walls. In all there is about 6 coffins but one of those is filled entirely with bones which are there for hundreds of years. Another of the coffins

Jack Taffee lived in the townland of Drumrane. He was a great duel fighter. once when he was coming from Dublin on a bi-ancony (Bianconi) car he met a man the name of "Mad Taffee" to fight a duel. Well your majesty my man said Jack here I am". He told him the first town they would come to they would fight a duel. Boyle was the first so the other man got out and ran away as he was afraid he would be shot by Jack. He went to a place called Ballytivnan below Sligo to fight a duel. Jack met a young man and he challenged him. They started to fight and Jack shot the other man dead. Jack always took aim at his hip. He had some men employed to make a trench. When they were at work Jacks son came down to them. He started to peg at a man named Coleman. Coleman

are within view of one another. In Thornhill - next village to Lecanvey - there is a fort called Sidheán. It is circular in shape. There is no entrance. Blackthorn bushes grow there very plentifully. The owner of the field which contains the fort is Michael Gill. Stories tell that lights have been seen there and that music was heard on a few occasions. In Carramacloughlin there is a fort similar in shape to the one in Thornhill. It has the same name Sidheán. Blackthorn bushes grew in and around it. It is in Thomas Walsh's land. In Gloshpatrick there is another round fort not far from the graveyard. This had no special name, it is simply called the fort. From it a little stream runs under the road into Clew Bay. This fort hides the view of Croagh Patrick. Tradition points out that this part of the road is the exact spot where St. Patrick hurled the serpents into the sea. It is said also that this is the reason why the Reek is hidden from view at this spot of the road. I have not been able to find out for what purpose the forts were built or were the Danes connected with them. The owners of the fields never interfere with the forts, they do not want to draw down on themselves the anger of the fairies.

I am living in the townland of Shyan. It is situated in the west of the parish of Kilmihil. It is in the barony of Clonderalaw. It is called Siḋheán in Irish which means the fairy height. It is a large townland. There are forty five or forty six houses inhabited in Shyan at the present day. Long ago there were about sixty houses in Shyan. There are only six slated houses in it and the rest of them are thatched. There are several old ruins in Shyan. The names that are common in Shyan are the O Sullivans and the O Gradys. There are nineteen getting the old age pension in Shyan.

of a forth in Kiltrone called the Sidheán

There was a famous Dennis Browne whose descendants lived in the Neale (?) who was a very bad type of a man everyway. He put a number of people to death. He lived himself in Mount St, Claremorris. After his death he was seen to appear and haunt the nuns in the convent close by. Fr O' Connell banished him to a Protestant church where he is supposed to be seen occasionally since. After this banishment this priest appeased and he frozen with the cold. One of his descendants

George Browne got land in Ardhill Hollymount which is occupied by a George Brown and his family now. There is a protestant church here in Kilmaine which was built on a piece of land won by a man from the Neale (?) in a card party from Millar. This man was Jennings later known as Lord Kilmaine. From him was descended Lord Kilmaine who was famous during the French Revolution as a great soldier. Neta (?) Uí Glíosáin Cillmheadhon

Long ago there was a man in Galway named Gobán Saor He had only one son. They were to build a castle in Clare Galway. Gobán Saor and his son started for Clare Galway on a Monday morning Gobán Saor said to his son, "Shorten the road" The son began to run and the Gobán Saor returned home. Next day they started for Clare Galway again. The father said, "shorten the road", The son began to run and the father said "Let us go home," and they went home. That night when the son went home he went visiting to a house

434 it was the son of another woman who lived near him. Gobán Saor had a daughter and he gave the girl for a boy for he wanted him to be a mason like himself The girl that the other woman son married was Gobán Saor's daughter.

The Old Coach road ran from Castlebar to Tuam, through Belcarra Ballyglass Hollymount and Roundfort. This road is a broad and creeps where it runs through the bog at Newbrook a solidly foundationed road. At certain places the horses were changed and from this fact the townland of Coachfield 4 miles from Castlebar takes its name. The road ran through the most fertile part of the County May. The Mayo portion of this road is at present (and for a long time back) in a horrible state of repair.. The present road is not coincident at all points with the older or original road. For instance the original road ran back of the houses of the street of Belcarra on the side away from the river, the present road is of course the street of Belcarra.

348 Roads There is a road going from Hollymount to Cashel called the Yon bog road. There is a road going from Ballinrobe to Rusaura (Rassaraun) called Ruslaura boitrín. Long ago there was a road going through Jack Walshe's fields called the New Line where all the people around the place used to give drinks to their cattle and horses There isa road going from Robeen to Caurán bogs called Caurán Boreen

258 which I am sitting and under it you shall get a crock of gold. In the morning as soon as the man awoke he lifted the flag and under it he got the crock of gold. This man lived in Ballaintaulln (Ballinteeaun) near Ballinrobe. Mary Burke Cashel, Hollymount Got from Mrs Sarah Walshe (78) Cashel, Hollymount

for this old man to call to his house and he told him how he suffered with the hunger. This very old man suspected that he should have swallowed a lizard and his cure was to get a bag of salty herrings, and get his wife to boil them in a big pot altogether so the poor woman thought the bag of herrings were going to kill her poor man but the poor man had so much confidence in his old neighbour he carried out his instructions to the letter he was to take nothing else for three days in shape of food or drink so on the fourth day he went out to the back of his house where there was a stream of water and there he laid down on his face and hands and opened his mouth in front of the running water and out came the old lizard and in a very short time there comes a yough brood of nine so that finished the tale of the poor man's plight. The old saying make the lizard dry and he look for the water himself. Thanks to this very old man who thought of the herrings.

Long ago things were made around the district. Wheels were made by my grandfather John Begg. He was the best wheel maker around Co. Dublin. John Archbold of Cottrelstown was a great thatcher. A travelling basket maker used to come around Oldtown selling baskets. Brown Bro's of Garristown used to make the best iron gates in the district and some of them are to be seen still. Old fashion ploughs were made by people living in the Bog of the Ring. My father David Begg makes carts and bogies and all sorts of woodwork. Michael Rodgers of Garristown used to make churns and barrels. There was nail making carried on in Oldtown. John Brunkard of Oldtown used to burn lime in kilns and Thomas Griffin used to burn lime too. Terence McGarvey and Pat McGarvey of Oldtown used to be fishing and fowling and Pat Rooney of Moortown used to fish. Tom Falt of Wyanstown used to fish too. Lime was burned in three different places in Oldtown about fifty years ago. There was a lime kiln in Brunkard's land in Markey's and in Griffins. Stones were broken and burned. The lime was very yellow when made, but it was very good lime for building purposes. A man the name of Brown in Garristown made gates.

Nails also were made in Garristown. A man the name of Rodgers carried on Tub-making and also made the old fashioned dash-churns. There is soap and candles made in a factory in King Street and in King's Inn Street. A man named Carey from Ring Commons in Balbriggan used to make baskets. Spades are manufactured in the North of Ireland. Gates are made by blacksmiths in the country and city. Ploughs are made in Wexford by a man named Pierce. All the old people long ago used to do spinning and weaving but it is not done now except in places in the West of Ireland. In a lot of parts of the city there are cloths dyed and people dye some of their clothes at home. A man named Mr Rooney makes ropes in Lusk. Thatching is done by a lot of local men. A man named Mr Rodgers from Garristown makes barrels and churns. Lime burning is carried on in Clonalvey by a man named Whyte and it is carried on by a man named Slattery near Drogheda. Travellers used to go around selling baskets long ago. Old men and women used to make baskets in their homes long ago. The baskets were made from rushes which they used to get in bogs and marshy places.

There was an old tramp who lived round Ballyboghill in the parish of Naul Co Dublin and he used to have ribbons tied round him. Every night he used to sleep in the vault in the graveyard and put the skulls under his head for a pillow. His name was Dan the Tay and he lived about fifty years ago. When Jim Keegan was living in Ballyboghill Co Dublin a man called Danny Monks came to him and told him that he dreamt there was gold in one of his rooms under the root of a tree. The next day he took up the floor and he came to the root of a tree. As soon as he came to it he heard a knock at the door. When he went to it he saw a little man who asked him for a match. He gave it to him and the little man walked away. Jim went back to the room but the root of the tree was gone. He kept on digging but he never found the gold.

Roads were made to enable us to drive motor cars, and buses, to ride a bicycle. They are made by the County Council. The main road from Oldtown to Dublin is about thirteen miles long. Many men were killed on this road. My Grandfather Patrick O Connor of Westpalstown was killed at Saint Margaret's and there is a cross erected where he was killed. William Gannon was killed up at the Ward and Peter Reynolds was killed on the Ballyboghill road. Long ago the boys and girls used to meet at the cross roads to sing and dance. The old people used to tell stories. The road from Ballyboghill leads to Dublin, Donabate, Malahide, Lusk and Rush. There are a lot of lanes that are not used in this district. There is one near Wyanstown which leads out to Mallahow. There is another lane in good repair which leads out to a place called Sneiveouge [?] and it is called Markey's Lane. There is a lane called the Wren's nest lane which leads to Rolestown, and there is another lane on the Dublin road called the Green lane which leads out to Palmerstown. There is a lane at Wyestown called the "Bog lane" and it leads to a road, the "Folly Road" which leads to Palmerstown. Some traffic runs on the Bog lane but very little.

used as a sacristy to the old church. There are five or so steps leading down to it. In the middle of the graveyard there is the ruin of an old church and three or four families are buried within the walls. Also within the ruin is a long flat slab and there was an old custom in Ballyboghill to carry the coffin three times round the graveyard and rest it on this slap. There is supposed to be a priest buried there. In one corner there is a vault belonging to people named Byrnes which was erected about fifty years ago. There is one girl living in Dublin to go there still. At the entrance to the ruin there is a tombstone bearing the name of Kelly from Naul who did in seventeen ninety seven the year before the rebellion. Some people from Ballyboghill bury in Wespalstown because long ago before the present church of Ballyboghill

We always hear of accidents and disasters on the newspapers we read of them, there are different kinds disasters - a drowning disaster a burning conflagration, disaster caused by lightning, a road accident. But now I am going to tell of local accidents and disasters. On the Saturday of the last week of June an accident occurred at Clonard, Balbriggan on the main Balbriggan road tow and a half miles north of the school, the victim been Miss May O'Reilly, East Curraugh, Delahasey, Co. Dublin. While cycling to Balbriggan when passing a gate a puff of wind blew out the gate and caused her to swerve out on to the middle of the road, in front of an oncoming lorry owned and driven by Mr. Mulvanny. Garristown, the driver did all in this power to avoid an accident but was impossible the lorry struck the girl ran against the ditch and overturned, there was much difficulty in extracting the two men from the wrecked lorry, the driver

There is a big rock a couple of fields from us and it is called Cliford's rock. It was an old woman called Kate Cliford (Clifford) who owned it. We have a field which we call the Island field and the reason why we call it that is because there is a river right round it and a tree in the middle.

My parents long ago used to make necklaces out of flowers. My mothers grand mother had a wooden doll for years till she died and then my mother got it and then she burned it. Tops used to be made from wood. Plates were made from wood and these were called platters. They used to make cups from wood and these were called noggoins. It is said buckets used to be made from wood. Whistles used to be made from wood. In Garristown there is a tailor called Cliford (Clifford) He goes about and measures the people and then he goes back and makes the clothes. He stocks the cloth. In Dunshaughlin there is another tailor his name is John King. He has a shop and he buys the cloth and buys all the flannel. He makes all sorts of clothes shirts and blankets an suits of clothes. There is a spinning wheel in Sir John Dillon's house.

7 In 1415 the king granted the custody of all the manors, land, ect which Catherine, then wife of Reginald Barnwell held in Drymnagh, Ballyfermot, Tyrenure, Balrothery ect to be held during the minority of said Reginsald's heir. And in the same year, Nicholas Hill, Archdeacon of Dublin, and vicar of this Church had the royal license to absent himself from Ireland for four years, to remain at the Court of Rome, and during the interval receive the propits of his ecclesiastical preferments, without incurring the penalties then incident upon non-residence He was subsequently promoted to the Deanery (?) of St Patrick's. In 1532 the Church was found to be tributary of Balrothery, which latter was at the same time recognized as a perpetual vicarage appertaining to the Prior of Tristernagh, and in a few years afterwards was valued to the First Fruits at L 11.19s od. The precentor and treasurer of St Patrick's Cathedral Dublin, used at this time to receive a pension of L6 in moieties out of the benefice from the farmers of the tithes. An iquisition of 1562 ascertains the rights of the Prior of Tristernagh in the parish, in lands, glebe and

3 Hamiltons in which Baron Hamilton was interred in 1793. In the adjoining field is a portion of a square Castellated mansion. There is an old Catholic Chapel in Chapel Lane built in 1722 (see inscription intone inserted in wall "This Chapel was built in the year of our Lord 1722") This old Chapel was re-roofed and fitted up as a national school and is still in use for this purpose (1938) The holy water font belonging to this Chapel has lately been transferred to the recently erected Mortuary Chapel attached to the Catholic Church in Balbriggan. Near this town according to Dr Rutty, besides plenty of iron-mine, are several varieties of iron-stone which are attracted by the magnet in their Crude state. The fields about this place were formerly used to supply the clothiers of Dublin with (the depsacus sativus), or teasel plant, the richness of the soil contributing to its Luxuriance, although the heads thus produced have fewer hooks in the same space, than when shoot from a poorer soil. Machinery has now superseded them.

5 reserving an annual rent out of the Church of Balrothery to that of Lusk, in consequence of which in a few years afterwards this Church was sought to be recovered as an appendage to the rectory of Lusk. The claim was, however, on suit move rejected, and the said Church was confirmed to the house of Kilbixy, together with all the tithes of the mill of Balrothery. In 1205 King John by charter; granted to the commonality of the counties of Dublin and Meath commonage of turnery in the bogs of Garristown, Balrothery etc to hold to them and their successors in pure and perpetual alms, which right was actually so enjoyed by the grantees and their successors for upwards of 200 years, when they complained to the king that the trust was abused by some exercising that right in improper places, and digging deep pits therin ect. In 1262 William de Castonia, Prior of St Mary's of Kilbixy, ratified the Archbishop of Dublin's collation of John de Cambridge in the vicarage of Balrothery, saving, however

In the Parish of Ballyheigue (also Ballyeigh in collection) there are three graveyards. The principal one is called "Ballyheigue" where the people of the Parish and some people outside the Parish are buried. The other graveyard is in Keelmacada which is confined to the Corridon family and children who die shortly after being born. The burial place is in Glendahalan where there are no adults buried but infants who die immediately after birth. Ballyheigue graveyard which is owned by the "Church Body" is situated about one fourth of a mile to the north of Ballyheigue village. A strange thing about this is that there is a Protestant Church in the middle of it. There was a divine Service held there when the Crosby family lived in Ballyheigue Castle, but since then there is no Service held there, as there (is) are no Pro(s)testants in this Parish now. Keel is in the western end of the Parish about three miles from Ballyheigue on the shore of Tralee Bay. It occupies about one rood of ground with the sacred ruin in the centre which was

In the Parish of Ballyheigue (also Ballyeige in collection) there are three graveyards. The principal one is called "Ballyheigue" where the people of the Parish and some people outside the Parish are buried. The other graveyard is in Keelmacada which is confined to the Corridon family and children who die shortly after being born. The burial place is in Glendahalan where there are no adults buried but infants who die immediately after birth. Ballyheigue graveyard which is owned by the "Church Body" is situated about one fourth of a mile to the north of Ballyheigue village. A strange thing about this is that there is a Protestant Church in the middle of it. There was a divine Service held there when the Crosby family lived in Ballyheigue Castle, but since then there is no Service held there, as there (is) are no Pro(s)testants in this Parish now. Keel is in the western end of the Parish about three miles from Ballyheigue on the shore of Tralee Bay. It occupies about one rood of ground with the sacred ruin in the centre which was

On New Year's Day, in the year 1891 a ship was wrecked in Ballyheigue Bay. It was called the Catherine Richards. At one time it was a Dutch war ship, but it was later sold to a trading Company. It was loaded with barley from South Africa bound for England. The crew were drowned and never heard of after. It was found dry on the rocks in the morning. After a few days a merchant from Tralee named McCowens sent his men to unload the ship. The local

There is a holy Well in Ballyheigue. It is called St. Marys Well. A long time ago there was a family, named Stanley. They were black Protestants and lived near the Hold Well. There was a green-spotted trout in the well and anyone who saw the trout were cured from their sickness. The eldest son in the Stanley Family was very wicked. He brough a dog with to the Well. When the dog saw the trout he jumped into the

The Landlord of this place some years ago was Colonel Crosby. He lived in the Castle of Ballyheigue. He owned most of the land in this county. The Crosbies were descendants of the army of Cromwell who came to persecute the Catholics of this country. The officer who did the greatest amount of persecution, shooting, burning, and all kinds of fowl deeds was granted the largest portion of the area under his command.

Breis: There was an "official" hospital at that time @ O'Regan's (now), at Ballyhereas (Ballagharea ?) Milford, Ráth Luirc. Several died in it. The water cress which the starving people ate caused diarrhoea. Mr. Watson says his mother informed him that in her old home (now occupied by Mr. Thos. Mackessy at Doona (Milford, Ráth Luirc) they had to bar the door against the raiding bands of starving people. (They got as much as the owners of the house could give). Mounds are in Wm. O'Connor's farm, near Mr. Jas. Walsh's, Highmount, Ráth Luirc. Several were supposed to be buried in them during the Famine.

Breis: There was an "official" hospital at that time @ O'Regan's (now), at Ballyhereas (Ballagharea ?], Milford, Ráth Luirc. Several died in it. The water cress which the starving people ate caused diarrhoea. Mr. Watson says his mother informed him that in her old home (now occupied by Mr. Thos. Mackessy at Doona (Milford, Ráth Luirc) they had to bar the door against the raiding bands of starving people. (They got as much as the owners of the house could give). Mounds are in Wm. O'Connor's farm, near Mr. Jas. Walsh's, Highmount, Ráth Luirc. Several were supposed to be buried in them during the Famine.

song which was composed by Percy French, who visited Dromcollogher long ago. The song is entitled "There is only one house in Dromcollogher." There is a river flowing at the end of the town called the Atha Margadh. There is a story told about the river it means "The ford of the markets." A fair used be held at a place called Barnagrane where the river crosses the road.

There are fourteen fairs held in Dromcollogher every year. The largest of them is held on the 5th of November. At each fair tolls and customs must be paid. A person must pay one shilling for a rail, and threepence for every pig. If a person wants to put a tent in the Square to sell things, he must pay 3/5. A person must pay sixpence for a cow, a penny for a lamb, and threepence for a sheep. The buyer always marks the animal he buys, so that the person gathering the "tolls" would know if he was sold or not. The fairs of Dromcollogher are held on the Streets. Long ago they were held in Barnagrane, about a mile from the town. The river that runs through Dromcollogher is called, "Áth-na-Margaí, which means the ford of the markets. It is called that, because it is near it, the fairs and markets used be held

Napper Tandy was a Drogheda man. In Nov. 1791 Tone and Tandy formed society of United Irishmen. Tandy was 1st Secretary, grave in Julianstown Church-yard almost unknown. In a railed in space in Churchyard may be seen a large stone erected by NAPPER TANDY to the memory of his family. After many adventures he died in a foreign land - HIs body was landed at night at ANNAGASSAN and coffin brought to Julianstown. 1792. £50 was offered for his arrest warrant signed by his own two neighbours - Foster of Collon and Conygham of Slane. Arrested in Chancery Lane Dublin - asked to go into room for his hat locked door, escaped by window - hunted and had to leave. An Irish emigrant afterwards landed in U.S.A and wrote home "I met with Napper Tandy."

ago. The oldest head-stone that I could read dates back to the 17th century. Many other head stones are of later years. The incription on some of the stories is very hard to reas as it is partly worn off. Many of the stories are quickly disappearing for the want of care. The part of the grave yard facing the South is in perfect condition and has no head stones marking to show that anyone was buried in it. Every year the people of Rathwhelan used to come there from miles around. The music was supplied by wandering musicians with such instruments as flute, fiddle, barrel organ, mouth organ, tin-whistle and melodian. Many old women used to come selling apples and other goods (from the city). The sports were ended by a dance held on the middle-piece. No traces of which is to be seen. Many weird stories are told about Rathmoylan Cove. Hundreds of years ago a boat was wrecked off the point of the cove. Several boats have been wrecked since in the vicinity. The occupants of each boat are supposed to have seen the first boat and heard music played by the ships phantom orchestral. Some years ago a boat was wrecked at this point having seen the Phantom Ship. All the

The local fairs are generally held in Creggs, Athleague, Ballymoe, Castlerea, Roscommon, Fuerty, Dunmore Ballygar, Ballinasloe. There is a fair green in Creggs. Some times the cows that are brought are put in to the green. The fair green belongs to Michael Kilby. Mr Kilby does not charge anything for the green. There is a fair green in Athleague. It is owned by Mr Killian. The horses are put in to the green for safety. I think Mr Killian charges 2d or 3d for the use of the green with a horse. And the sheep are held on the street in pins. The sheep

People with rheumatism boil wild celery, a small green plant which grows in shady places and drink the juice. This does not altogether cure the rheumatism but it clears the blood. There is an herb called butter-dalk which will cure the sting of a nettle. It is a broad green lead and is to be found where nettles grow.

rotted of it and nothing remained but the barrel so he brought it home and he says "This barrel is an emblem of Ballinamuck", now he would not like to see anything happen it. George Woods of Cloonagheer got one of the same sort lying on the battle field and the remains of a soldier beside it

“A barrel of an old gun, which was used in fighting at Ballinamuck, 1798, remains in Coote Geelan's (Cloonagheer) house yet. It was a flint gun. It was found in the battlefield one day and brought home by my grandfather(Coote Geelan). A bayonet was on the top of it and it is about 6 ft long and very awkward. It remained at our house for 6 or 7 years as a keepsake, and 5 years ago my father buried it for some reason and a few years ago he was ploughing in a field and ploughed it up. All the wood was

She walked with him until he came to a by-road, then she looked at him and disappeared up in the clouds like a ball of fire. On another occasion grandfather was coming from the place where he was working. When he came near Shandona Bridge the whole road was lighted up before him but the light disappeared when he came near the old Castle at Clintown (Collinstown ?) There was a ghost seen by a certain man near Mearescourt in the shape of a huge turkey-cock with a human face. The turkey-cock walked in front of him and around him. A great many people are said to have seen this ghost and is supposed to be a Catholic lady who turned Protestant. My grandmother was coming from a party late one night. When she was passing by Kenny Churchyard a very big donkey with large horns appeared to her. It walked along with her for about half a mile but when they came to an old ruin the

One old school conducted by Mrs Benn was held in a barn in Rathmoylan. The pupils sat around by the walls on long stools and sand was strewn on the floor to keep it dry. Children came to this school from places situated many miles away from it e.g. Leperstown. The subjects taught were - reading, arithmetic, history, geography and spelling. They seemed to value spelling very much. The girls were taught plain sewing. This school existed about the years 1863 to 1866. Later on a school was opened in Dunmore conducted by Miss Wood who lived with her mother in a thatched house (where Bells Drapery Shop is situated now.) Her mother's brother was Father Dixon? and their remains are interred in Killea Church grave yard. She taught the three R's, history, geography and spelling which they learned from special spelling books. The pupils wrote first on slates and then with paper, pencil, pens and ink. The fee charged in the school varied according to the different classes e.g. 1d for 1st class, 2d for second class and so on. if the pupils were bold they were put into stocks. These were wooden stands on the floor and the unfortunate child had to put her foot into this. It was then lightened so that the feet could not be moved and the poor victim had to stand thus facing the wall

All the houses long ago were thatched. The thatch was got from the rushes. All the old houses had a bed in the kitchen, and it was called a "settle-bed". It was placed at the side wall by the fire. Sometimes the fire was placed at the gable end and sometimes at the middle wall. The chimney was made of mortar and it was sometimes made of wattles and clay. The floors were made of mud and clay.

In February 1884 a sailing vessel named "The Venisa B" bound from Rio De Janeiro Liverpool with a cargo of crockery, delph, mettle pot, skillets and pans. She was blown in a Southerly gale on the rocks under Cliff Lodge near Ballymacaw. She had a crew of 29 on board and all were lost. It was a 11pm when the wreck happened and in the morning great alarm was soon spread and all the people of district both young and old ran over the cliffs to the scene of the wreck. All the dead bodies of the men were seen floating around. All the people got pots, pans, and crockery, but when the Coast Guards heard it they came over and would not let the people take any more. It was very hard to get down the steep cliff. One man came from Waterford to buy crockery. He fell down the cliff and was killed and the people of the district had a hard job to get him up. Some of the bodies came ashore on a little beach there and the people took them and buried them in Rathmoylan Church Yard. They did not know what faith the men were. When the vessel was about to sink she split in two and one part sank and the other was washed ashore on the beach. it was said that if the men had remained in

Day" which falls on the twenty fourth of June, and Easter Monday. The fairs that are held in Lurgan are on the twenty first of every month except the fifteenth of May. The big fair of Drumkeeran is the twenty seventh of May. It is also a sheep fair. Sometimes horses are sold on the first of July. the nearest horse fairs are Caricknagat and Ballisodare. It is said that there is no gaurantee given with horses sold at Caricknagat fair.

There were two men one time and they lived in a small house. The house was situated on the top of a hill. There was gold hidden in field near the house and they knew where it was hidden. One evening they went to the field and they dug a sod so as to know where to find the gold. They brought the sod home and each of slept on a part of it. In the middle of the night one man woke up and he lit a match to get a smoke, and he saw a spirit in the middle of the floor but he never minded it and went off to sleep again. The next day the two men went off to dig for the gold. They were digging away until 11' o'clock that night and they were just about to go home when they saw the spirit sparkling in the night. They started to fight then to know which of them should get the gold and one man killed the other. As he was taking up the gold the spirit appeared again but the man did not mind it and he took the gold. As he was going home the spirit followed him to his house

There was a corn mill in the village of Clonea long ago. When the mill was closed after the days work, men used to go to the mill playing cards. One night about the hour of midnight a man was coming home from it. He saw a team of hurlers in a field. He got a stick and joined. As he was getting out over a ditch he felt something prodding his leg. He was lame ever after. The men were dead hurlers perhaps an old team that was in Clonea long.

The spades are bought in the shop. Our spade has but one step. The local farmers help each other by sending horses and carts to take out the manure and dropers to drop the potatoes. The potatoes are softened and moulded three or four times. In the month of July the potatoes are sprayed once or twice to keep them from blacking. In the Autumn the potatoes are digged with a plough or a potatoe digger. The young girls and boys of the farm pick them from the earth. Very few are using spades. The potatoes are stored in pits. They are covered with clean straw and clay and then they are thatched with straw to keep out the frost. The local names that are give to the various kinds of potatoes are "Up to Dates", "Arran Banners", "Kerrs Pinks", "Blue Eyed Champions", "The Old Irish Champion" and "Early Puritans". For early use the farmers sow "Early Puritans". The Farmers use the "Up to Dates" for Pig feeding. The best types of potatoes that grow on the farm are the "Arran Banners".

We grow an acre of potatoes every year on our farm. My Uncle prepares the ground. The ground is manured with dung before the ground is turned up. The potatoes are sown in drills. The ground is ploughed in Winter and it is left there until the Spring. Then it is ploughed again and harrowed. The drills are opened with a chill plough. Yes I know a Man in this District who had a wooden plough. He had a small farm and he used have a jennet under it. The remains are still there. He is dead now.

Long long ago a man had many sheep, and he had a boy in charge of them. The boy had no boots, and his master gave him 8/- to buy timber boots, at Knocknagree fair. The boy went back and played with the "Thimble Rigger", and lost all his money in the game. He went home, and at Tureen bog he met his master. The boy was crying with the cold, and his master gave him a shilling, and to have he go back again. He started playing with the "Rigger", and broke him. "Ah" said the boy, "I have your agent tied". (he was the devil).

There are fairy-forts in my district. One of them is on Mullagh Hill. Another of them is opposite our house two of them are in the next townland of Killeter. They are all built that you can see one from they other. Some people have the opinion it was the Danes who inhabited Ireland some hundreds of years ago, who built these forts to protect their cattle and sheep from wild beasts such as Irish wolves and lions at that time. The reason why they were built in sight of each other was that if the men in them got into any difficulty they could signal to each other for help. Old people had a supersition that it was not right to interfere with them because they were enchanted and if they interfered with them there was the possibility that they would die or something bad would happen to them. There is a fort over near Kingscourt. An old man named James Mac Gaughan was going past this fort when there came a multitude of little men riding horses and they were in four deep on the road. He had two carts and two horses with two loads of corn going to Drogheda to sell his corn. As each section of the little men passed they would say "Unfortunate James Mac Gaughan," and when the last four men were passing him one of the little fairy-men was walking. Just then one of Mac Gaughans horses dropped dead in the cart. There is another fairy fort near Mullagh belonging to Mr Clinton.

There are a lot of local fairs in this district. The nearest ones are, Kingscourt, Carrickmacross, Ardee and Nobber. The fairs are not all held on a fair green except in Ardee, the rest are held in the streets. The fair is a very noisy place. The bellowing of the cattle, the squeeling of the pigs and the shouting and bargaining of the men. The horses cattle and sheep are in separate places. If a man is making a bargain with the buyer of the animal they will slap hands together showing that they have agreed on making the bargain and taking the money. The farmer tries to get a good price for his animal and the buyer tries to give him a miserable price. The fair of Kingscourt is held on the first Tuesday of the month. The fair of Nobber is held every third Tuesday of the month. Long ago there used to be a fair in Drumconrath but now there is none because no buyers would come to buy the animals. The farmers and buyers swear and curse and talk while they are making the bargain. The cattle are very dear in the month of September. In the fair when there are a lot of cattle and sheep the buyers know them by the different ways in

In the townland of Balloughly Co Cavan on the north-west side or should we say the left hand side of the old road leading from Moynalty to Kingscourt on a rising round about thirty perches on so from the road referred to there is or was some years ago a ruin that was long ago a stately dwelling. The ruin formed a noted landmark for it was conspicuous for a good distance in every direction. About the period of 98 movement it was the dwelling of a farmer who was the leader of the United Irishmen of the district and was popularly known as Captain Kinkead. It need hardly be said he was held in high esteem by the people of the locality both personally and on account of the position he held in the national army of the time. But the informer was at work. The Castle cuthonties (authorities ?) came in possession of every circumstance concerning him and especially of his having some hundreds of men under his command. One day while in Dublin he was told by a friend that he was to be arrested and his house searched that evening. The instant he got the information he prepared

of it, and some years ago the Cavan County Council used it as road material. The old people say it was not right to interfere with the ruins. *Muff is a name given to part of the Parish of Kingscourt, Co Cavan. Muff borders this parish of Tierworker.

Drummen. Owned Shanacloune, Keel and Gaorah, Gortbee, Ballyledden, Glencuttane, Cooleanig.

There are many wild birds found in my district namely: the Wild Goose, the Curlew, the Red Shanks and the Ball Cute (Bald Coot). Those are the water birds that are to be found in my district. There are other wild birds namely; the Gold Finch, the Robin, the Wren, the Magpie,

The townland I live in is called Carrowgilhooly. It is in the parish of Skreen and in the barony of Tireragh. There are six families in this townland. There are no two families of the same name in it. There are six houses in the town-

My father's farm is situated in the townland of Rathglass, in the parish of Castleconnor, barony of Tir Fiacrac and County Sligo. It is called Rathglass because there is a fort in James Jones's field. There are sixteen houses in it and sixty-four people. There are two thirds of the house thatched and galvanised and the rest are slated. Each farmer has about thirty acres of land. The most of the people make their living on farming. The most of the farmers are married. There are four shops in it and one public-house. There is also a church and a post-office on the side of the main road. It is a mile from the national

Kilmorgan is a townland situated in the County of Sligo and in the Barony of Corran. It has at the present time a population of forty seven living in twelve houses. Originally there were twenty one different families in Kilmorgan. Some of these families emigrated to U.S.A. and the others are dead and gone. Kilmorgan has one or two remarkable places. The first and principle one, the ruins of an old monastery are in Kilmorgan. This was a very substantial stone building and was facing east and west. The two side walls are still standing as is the western gable and is in a very good state

Long ago there was a man named the Marquis of Headfort who owned this district, but his land was divided some time ago. He lived at Headfort near Kells and his decendants are there yet. His people were a long time in the country. They were protestants who came from England. He was not too hard on his tenants and there were very few evictions in this district. The land was divided into farms and each of the tenants had a farm. There were high rents on these farms. There were three protestant families that got farms when it was divided by the Irish land commissioners. The tenants would be punished for cutting trees on his farm without permission of the land lord. The people used to have to give money for the up-keep of the clergymen in the district long ago. The catholics thought it unfair and they tried to stop it, but they were forced to give it. Some of them used to give cattle instead of money. The English soldiers gathered the tithes often in this

There was a man going to the porkmarket one time and he had two pigs to bring, so he was going to bring the ass and cart. There was anotherman in the neighbourhood going with one pig, and he was going to bring it on the horse and car. So they arranged that the first man's son would bring the 3 pigs in the cart and that the father would go with the other man on the side car. So they arranged to meet at a certain place and a certain time. So the man and his son with the cart started off and they went down to the place to wait for the other man with the side car. When they reached the appointed place, they saw two lights coming along, and they said. These are the lights of the side car. So they went on to meet the lights, and the lights were coming along very quickly, and they thought it strange that they couldn't hear the noise of the wheels or the horse trotting. Just when they were passing a fort the lights (two big red ones) passed them on each side, and they could hear nothing. When the lights came to the fort they shone very brightly and then went into the fort. There was great singing and dancing to be heard in the fort, they could only catch

In olden times, it was very customary to use the blessed candle and holy water in the stalls. If anything was wrong with a cow after calving, the blessed candle was used. It was taken round her body while lighting making the sign of the cross under and over her, and after this process, the cow was supposed to get better as vets were little known. If a cow or calf got a colic, the old men and women performed some ceremony this they called "crois na piaste". It was made by looping a cord and saying "in the name of The Father and of The Son and of the Holy Ghost".

sailors are buried in the old church. The remains of an old road leading to the cove are still recognisable. About a quarter of a mile East of the point of Rathmoylan Cove a large rock in the shape of a ship is to be seen. The people call it the Old Ship. It stands out in the sea.

these implements from tin but the tinkers obtained their supplies from the whole-sale merchants about 20 years ago. Those people usually travel on foot but occasionally they ride in caravans. Before Monaghan Day and the other big fair days in Mohill the above mentioned families come to this district.

Owen Mc Cabe of Clenanore is a famous strong man. He could take a bag of meal under every arm and leave it in a cart. Lawrence Connolly of Clenamore is noted for strength since he carried a bag of meal to his own home which is a distance of two miles. The onlookers were Arthur Sherry and John Morgan. John Ward a native of Killycrum caught hold of a two hundred bag of Meal with both hands and flung it across the fliers of a cart. The spectators were Mick Mc Nally, and John Mc (Manas) Manus. Larry Mc Bennett, Dunfelemy could lift six-fiftysixe's, three in every hand and crack them above his head for ten minutes. One time James Duffy, and Pat Mc Entee's Grandfather was going to

town and the two Wileys challenged Pat to beat them in a game of shoulder stones. Pat got hold of the stone and threw it three feet above them. So he was the champion thrower in the County Monaghan. Patrick Mc Donnell of Drumhowan could lift a linen sack holding forty stone on his knee, put it upon his back and carry it a mile of ground. Petey Connolly (Petey Dubh) of Clenanore carried a two hundred bag of potatoes with his teeth from the Landlords house at Castleshane to his own home in Clenanore. The man who saw him do this was Pete Clarke a native of Oghill One frosty evening he was coming home from Ballybay with an ass and cart. The road was slippy and the ass was falling.

The worm Ditch runs through this parish of Currin Co. Monaghan. The remains of it can still be seen in the townland of Cornapaste or Laurelhill. Much of it was formerly dug away here. Trace of it can be seen in Annagheane and in Knocks. It is best preserved in Crussin

and holly trees. The ruins of the old churches and all the old walls are covered with ivy. The headstones are nearly all plain stone slabs with crosses cut centre top and some graves marked with small iron crosses. The ditch of the old cemetery was always used as a burial place for unbaptised children. Amongst the many old graveyards Castlelost, Clonfad, Carrick, Kilbride and Clonfad some miles from Kinnegad are the most important around here. Castlelost is situated about half a mile from my native village. In the graveyard are the ruins of the old church in which there is a stone with carvings of the crest of St Patrick and on the side opposite it is a carved figure of the devil. Clonfad lies two miles from Tyrrellspass. In the burial place there is a huge egg shaped stone and the local men test their strength in trying to lift this stone and only very few succeed in performing the feat. Carrick lies some miles from Mullingar near the shores of Lough Ennell. Here we have the grave of the saintly Father Shanley at one time parish priest of Rochfortbridge. A tree grows at the head of the grave with huge spreading boughs.

In one of these boughs is a cup shaped (recess) recess where there is always water. This water is used to relieve pains, toothaches and remove warts. Every Good Friday the grave is visited by large numbers of people. Kilbride graveyard is beside Dunboden the home of the famous Rochforts or Bobbie Bawn. It is very small and filled with graves some headstones standing erect others laid flat over the graves. A few bits of walls still remain of the church where St Brigid got the white veil from St Mel. Clonfad is about six miles from here and two miles from Kinnegad is ancient and holy. Of the family of seven bishops six were buried in the little graveyard and the seventh is buried on the roadside beside it.

bricks would be dry enough they would be built into long narrow walls and covered with straw and bog sods to keep them dry this was called (?) "Hacting". Some time in August when they would have enough bricks made they would be taken on horses carts, and built into a kiln the kilns were built into arches their bottoms being about 18 inches wide and the same height across the bottom. They used to sell them to the local people and in the fair of Kinnegad. Many old buildings are built with Derrymore bricks which were of high quality.

famed for miles around for curing the "Fersey" in horses. When horses have this disease the leg or legs swell up. After a time they cease eating and will die if the cure is not made. Veterinary Surgeons are unable to cure it. Reilly when performing the cure makes three visits altogether one on every alternate day to the affected animal and whispers some words in its ear. An improvement sets in immediately after the first visit. He cannot charge any fee but if the owner gives him money voluntarily he can accept it. For the past year he cured about 20 horses, all of which would probably have died were it not for him. He got the cure from an old man named Mitchell Tierworker Bailieboro' the latter is long dead. Robert Reilly is a small farmer and is about 65 years of age. Another woman named Mrs. Shials (Shiels) Cloghan, Kingscourt, Co. Cavan, has the cure of the ''overlucked''. She would give you a bottle full of water and you would bring it home and put the bottle of water under and over the beast. It would be better before two or three days. She cured a lot of beasts that were ''overlucked''.

came into existence. It is an indisputable historical fact that as far back as the reign of Edward I, a full and free pardon was granted by that monarch to the Friars for having acquired contrary to the Statute of Mortmain, some land for rebuilding their Monastery, which was fast crumbling to decay. From the 14th century downwards the historian's task in comparatively easy. Walter Mulcot was the generous donor who, of his own free gift founded the Abbey and the Monastery now the proud possessions of St Augustine's sons in this 20th century. Nothing definitely can be found to indicate who and what this Walter Mulcot was. This generous donor left a large amount of property to the Augustinians. In the year 1306 the foundation of both Church and Monastery took place. In the reign of Henry VIII the Abbey, Monastery and possessions pertaining thereto were confiscated, and handed over to Sir Edward Butler for ever, at a head rent of 5/4 Irish money (five shillings and fourpence) The long, dark night of cruel and relentless persecution of Ireland had now set in. It may well be conjectured that many a son of St.

would be cured. St Luchtigern's well is a cure for sore eyes. St Malorie's well has a cure for sore eyes. The cure in St Catherine's well is not known. The cure at St Senan's well is nor known. The cure at St Brendan's is not known. It is an old custom for people to leave money or flowers after them when they visit the wells .

There are five holy wells in the parish of Newmarket. The names of them are as follows - St Luchtighern's well in Fenloe. St Catherine's well in Carigoran. St Malorie's well in Kilmaleery. St Senan's well in Kilconry. St Brendan's well in Clonmoney. People visit those wells on certain days; St Luchtighern's well on the 28th April. People say some prayers there. There are no certain prayers to be said, but people usually say one round of the Rosary Beads. There was a stone near the well in Fenloe called the Cholera stone and if any person had a sore leg and rubbed it to the stone the person

eaten she eat him and the horse and trap and all she eat she met on the road. St. Patrick knelt down on a stone and shot her. The track of where he knelt down stayed on the stone. He said "if 199 Gargans crossed where she was buried, she would rise up and eat up the whole world." Her name was Gargain. She lived in Tyworker (Tierworker) in Co. Cavan.

our house called the 'Hill Field.' There is a hill in the middle of this field and that is why it is called the 'Hill Field.' There is another field which lies to the south of our house called 'An Talamh Garbh.' This field got its name because the land is very rough in it. A field which is called the 'Bush Field' lies north of our house. There is one bush growing in the middle of this field and that explains why it is called the 'Bush Field.' There is a field which

townland of Leggimore and the townland of Drumbroagh. The river separates the townland of Leggimore from other townlands. There are several little streams running into this river.

Noggins were mostly used as eating vessels long ago. They were made of wood, and some of them were scooped from the wood into shape. Others were made in parts, one part for the sides, and one for the bottom, and one for the handle. These were joined by stays. We cannot find any noggin in this district now as the last we heard of at the home of Mr. Joe Halton of Phoenixtown, were taken by American visitors only a few years ago.

In the cliff (or cutting into the hill) in Crimlin there was a hedge school long ago. Later it was moved to a sandpit a few perches from Lisduff N.S. The sandpit was owned by Maddens - the only survivor still lives in this house near the school - William Madden. Mr Muldoon, who was a stranger, came to teach at this hedge-school. He used to board at Lisduff House. A family named Biggs were the owners of Lisduff House at that time. Later Mr. Muldoon went to live at McCann's of Ballinamore on the Honeymount road. Quill pens were used by the pupils. Mr. James Jones says there was a school teacher by the name of Muldoon. He was kept in Lisduff for years. He used to take great delight in following a wooden rake after school hours. I often heard Ned Humphreys father telling about him. He could not understand setting back the horse only to lean heavily on the

shallow at this place and it is probably that the castle was built to guard this weak place on the border of Tír Conaill. Judged from the standard of modern mansions it is very small, but it was considered very large at the time it was built. It was built four hundred years ago by the O'Donnells who were the rulers of Tír Conaill. King James the Second stayed three nights in Mongavlin Castle when he was with his soldiers at the siege of Derry in the year 1689. The village of St. Johnston was the headquarters of Jame's Army during the siege of Derry. Kind James spent some time in the house of John Cowan a Presbyterian elder of Monreagh congregation. He left his sword behind him. The show where he stayed is now in ruins at the foot of the hillhead brae. He left his sword behind and Miss Mary Jane Cowan now has it in her possession. The house where the Cowans resided from 1609 to 1925 has now been cleared away and the St. Johnston Post Office now occupies the site of that historic building.

of an adjoining parish. The design of the Church was sketched by the venerated curate, the Rev. T. Langan, under whose direction all the details of the building were strictly carried out. The design is that of the Norman Gothic, with porches and gables surmounted by crosses. The length of the Church from the altar to the front entrance, is one hundred and twenty feet, twenty of what being occupied by the sanctuary. It is thirty feet wide, and thirty feet high to the springing of the roof which is formed of open work, the principal beams of which rest on projecting cut stones carbels. The eastern window is a very fine one - style, Gothic with wheel at top - was executed by Mr. Hammond, of Sheephouse quarries. The altar, the work of Mr. Balff, is of Caen stone, with enamelled stained glass panels bearing the monogram of the Blessed Virgin. The beautiful tabernacle is from the design of the rev. curate, of whom it may be truly said that he has given his life, like his rev. brother, to the service of religion without having received more than a nominal earthly reward. Behind and about the tabernacles stands a Munich statue of the "Master Dolarosa", of beautiful and curious workmanship, on which the light reflected from an ambetrstained glass window above plays with fine effect. The platform of the alter is made of stone, and the flooring of the chancel is of elegant tesselated tiling. Miss Langan, the sister of the rev. clergyman of the parish, made a present to the church of a very valuable gold communion cup, and many other ladies and gentlemen,

There are big Monuments trees growing in some parts of the Country. It is said that there was a funeral passing through Ballinamuck to Tubberpatrick and everywhere they rested they planted an ash bush and they are called monument trees. There is one in Drumbad and one in Kiernans field on the top of a hill in Cloonaugh. There are many others they are very large trees. There are a lot of monument stones along the roads through the Country where people were killed long ago there is one between Ballinalee and Granard where a man was walking along the road and jumped out in front of a bus to stop it and was killed. There is a monument in the townland of Melka - Two stones standing upright and a large flat stone on top of which there is some writing. It is impossible to read the words on it. Most people say that it was and is a resting

where Pat Brady now lives. Scott was however afterwards shot. A Protestant who lived in Fardromin where Denis Bohan now lives ignored all warnings. He used to plough with his gun across the handles of the plough. He was shot. A Protestant named Cathcart lived in Thownagh where John Joe Reilly now lives was shot in his own house but the servant girl (Breslin of Ballinamuck) swore against five men who were hanged in Longford. Two of these men were brothers and were named Kenny. They were uncles of the late Mick Kenny who lived in Drumbad, Ballinamuck. The shootings continued however until only two Protestants were left, one named Moorehead in Creelaughter and one named Diamond in Fardromen. Only Morehead's family now remains, the only Protestant family in the Parish of Drumlish. The leader of the secret society was a man named Michael Donnelly of Drummon and from his exploits he is still spoken of as Red Michael the Highwayman.

Everybody in this district seems to be agreed in that these landlords were, to use a localism, "never had" any hardships caused to the tenants were the result of bad management by the agents and others employed as rent warners and keepers. We are told that one Earl of Desart in other to free political prisoners in Tipperary, sold some of this estate in Desart and bought land at Ballintaggart. Then hiring a landed gentleman he had influence enough to get them free. Then the tenants to show their gratitude, drew his carriage from Clonmel. This selling part of

I visited Maidenhall four years ago and had a conversation with Mr George Butler. We were discussing wheat culture and he told me that his family cultivated wheat for the past 100 years. He produced an account book and he read from that book that they sold 146 bushels of wheat to Glasgow merchants in the year 1846.

A man by the name of Collier the robber used to rob the rich and give it to the poor. One night he met the mail coach going to Belfast and he held it up at Lesson Hall and robbed it. Then he came down to McAllister Turvey which was an inn at that time for to get some refreshments and word came that the soldiers were coming and he jumped out the window on to a horses back and escaped. A man who lived in (Turvey) long ago followed him to Grace Dieu and Collier jumped the Turvey river. When he got to the far side he stopped and Collier said go back I will meet you again. One night the man was drinking in Santry and Collier came in and he asked him for a drink and

There lived a strong man named Samson. He was once inside in a big strong powerful mansion. There was a big crowd of people joking and mocking him how he had no more strength than any other man. He said he had, and that he would prove it to them and so he did. he put his two hands around two big pillars and shook them down to the ground. All the crowd that were inside were all killed. It was supposed that he had all his strength in the hair of his head. There was an old saying among the people that they were as strong as Samson. Maurice Horan Dromulton was a great runner. He ran from Kilsarcon school to his own house in twenty minutes. It is the distance of four miles. It was a big record and he was also a good jumper. He could jump a distance of twenty four feet long. Maurice Reidy Glenlarn walked from Cordal chapel to Tralee, a distance of sixteen miles. It took him about three hours and a half to do it. Clifford of Scrahan mowed six acres of hay in one day for a neighbour by the name of Riordan. He started early in the morning and had finished early.

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In Drimoleague village the fair is held monthly, on the second Thursday of every month. It is a cattle and pig fair. Buyers come from many parts of Co. Cork, to transact business with the local farmers who have animals for sale. On the fair morning the farmers are up early to drive the animals to the fair. Whey they reach the village they wait untl the buyers come. There is an old saying concerning the position a person should take in the fair, "If you have only a puck goat be in the middle of the fair. When the buyers come, they walk along the street to see where they would get the best bargain. The first question they usually

Subhead No 29 - Local Industries - Old Crafts. This a rough drawing of the mould in which candles were made in my district in olden times. [illustration of mould in the centre] I received this mould from Mr. Mathew Sweetman Drimoleague. He told me they once had a frame holding five different sized moulds for making candles, but this was the only one he could find.

Doona is a small village in Ballycroy. It is situated near the seashore. Grainne Uailes castle is in Doona. Between Grainne Uail's castle and Doohoma, there are seven big stones in the sea. A long time ago there were two giants and they used cross on the stones from the castle to Doohoma, The ruins of the castle that Grainne Uail lived in are still to be seen in Doona, There is a tunnel going out under the (sea) ground to the sea. When the

ar aon dream a gheobhfadh ionnta féin dul a’ Dréim leo. Bhí a shliocht uirthe. Chreach sí Árainn Mhór cupla uair, agus d’airigh sí Iarla Deasmamhan ag béal na Sionainne sa mbliadhain 1576. Roimhe sin sa mbliadhain chéadna thug sí cuaird ar Sir Philip Sydney, fear ionad an Rí, nuair a tháinig seisean go Gaillimh. Tá cur-síos aige uirthi in a thuarasgabháil d’Eilís Shasana ‘’a most famous feminine Sea Captain called Grania O’Malley and she offered her services to me wherever I would command her, with three galleys and two hundred fighting men (?) either in Ireland or in Scotland. She brought with her her husband, for she was as well by sea as by more than master’s mate to him. He was of the Net’ (?) Burkes and now I hear is MacWilliam Eighter, called by nickname Richard in Iron’’. Is cosamhail nár chuir Sydney aon aírd uirthe mar deirtear linn gur ghabh Iarla Dheasmumhan í thíos i aice le Tairbhirt i gCo. Chiarraidhe in a dhiaidh sin, agus í ag slad a dhúithche. Tugidh (?) do Drury, Uachtarán Mumhan í agus gearradh bhliadhan go leith príosúntachta uirthi. Níor cheannsuigh sé sin í mar tá cúnntas againn go mb’éigean do’n gCaiptein Liam Ó Máirtín trí seachtmhainí ag ionnsuidhe a caisleáin ag Carraig a’ Chabhlaigh sa Márta 1579, D’fhonn í a ghabhail arís toisg foghail a bhí déanta aice. Theip air 'san iarracht. Bhí an saoghail corrach go leór ag maraidhthe

Ní bfuigheadh na daoine céad ó'n na saighdiurí aon Aifreann a cloisteal ins an am sin. Ní bfuigheadh na daoine cead dul go dtí an t-Aifreann agus, agus ní bfuigheadh na daoine cead dul go dtí sgoil. Nuair a bhí na daoine ar Aifreann, bhí ortha dul, go dtí Carraig Mhór no áit fasghamhail. Mar féachaint na saighdiurí an sagart ag léigheadh Aifreann marbhughadh sibh iad. Seó ann shompla ata agam d'ait a bhiodh na daoine nuair a bhiodh siad ag an Aifreann. Carraigh Mór Carraig An Aifreann Carraig Na sagarta.

During penal times the Priests were not allowed to say mass in the chapel's so they would have a mass Rock some place that they would not be found or if they were they be killed. It was said that mass was read on a rock named "Carraig na Mada" in Killenkere. A priest named "Mac Na Bo" was going up to the rock to read mass when he was caught by Cromwell's soldiers at a place where Stravicnabo school now stands he escaped but was caught again in a meadow now owned by Pat Sexton. The town land of Stravicnabo was called after him. Where Knocknagilla school is now in the penal times it was a small thatched house and mass was said there for many year's until upper Lavey chapel was built. Anyone who wanted to go to mass in the Penal times the nearest mass they could go to was Virginia.

A woman hung herself in Coolagh Chapel and she was buried in Hickey's hill Garryhaloo and afterwards she appeared to many. One night she appeared to Fr. Purcell the Parish Priest of Windgap. He was riding on a white horse and he thought to put her back with the strength of a stone. The horse got into a terrible way and Fr Purcell had to take out the Blessed Sacrament to save himself. That happened on the Carraig-na-gCapall road. Fr. Purcell was not able to go home that night. He gave the day reading until he got to remove her. She is between the Grotto and the wall of Butlerswood yet. The banshee has a path. She goes up the Chapel yard, up through the Grotto, and

There were three entrances to the castle - the doors on the western and eastern sides being about two feet from the ground and that facing south is about 14 feet from the ground. A spiral staircase (96 steps) of stone leads to the top of the building, which is unroofed. At the western side, a little distance from the main door is a dungeon which was used for storing ammunition. The windows are very narrow, and there are also holes in the walls through which boiling lead used to be poured down on the heads of the enemy. In olden times, the rock on which the castle stands was surrounded by water, but years later the water was drained away. There are two rivers flowing close to the castle which unite lower down forming the river called "Abha na Fola". A rock situated near the castle is called "Carraig 'a Fola", which names show that much bloodshed occurred here.

There is a field in Ballinamona called "The Captain's Hill". It is called after a captain who lived in Ballinamona long ago. Near the Killure road is a place called "Carraig na mbuaibh. There is a large rock in the midde of field. In the Summer the cows go up on the rock from the heat. It is surrounded by trees. Near Ballinamona is a lane called Quilty's lane. It was owned by a rich man named Quilty who lived in the district.

Bhí fear 'na chómhnuidhe in aice Carraig an Ime agus bhí 35 ba aige. Bhí buachaill aimsire aige agus do chodhluigheadh sé anáirde ar lochta a bhí os cionn an chró. An cead oidhche bhí taidhreamh aige agus cheap sé go raibh sé ag lorg bó. Nuair eirigh sé ar maidin ní raibh ach 34 ba ann. Fear ana dána do b'eadh é agus d'fhan sé suas ar an locta an oidhche sin. Tímcheall uair an meadhon oidhche connaic sé ceathrar fear ag teacht anuas tríd an lochta agus bhí ____ ar a nguailnibh aca. I gcionn tamaill d'imthigheadar as a radharc. Chuaidh an fear go dtí an sagart agus d'innis sé an sgeal go leir do agus dubhairt an sagart an cró do leagadh agus é do dhéanamh in áit eile. Nuair a bhí na fir ag tógaint suas an úrláir connaiceadar cnámh fir ann. Annsan bhí fhios aca cad a bhí ag tógaint na ba. Annsan tugadh an beirt ba tarn-ais do airís.

ciacu bá laidre. Fuair siad dá carraig. Tuit an céad ceann isteach i páirc Ó Fheiric in Dabhras agus an ceann deireadh isteach í páirc Taidhg Ó Cuinneagáin in Cillgeimhrín. Tá na carraig sin le feiceáil fós deirtear

stone back. There two stones were still to be seen. The stone on the north side of the Roughty is called Carraig a' Caipín and the stone in the south side of the Roughty is called Cloc Bhreach

16 to get the crock of gold at the back of his own house. He was a rich man for the rest of his life and his family after him. Agnes Costello, told to me by my father: Michael Costello Killure, Ahascragh, Ballinasloe, Co Galway

Castle Durrow School was built by a Viscount Ashbrook, but the time is not known. It was after 1801, as Canon Wills found in some of the church records that the Clerk in charge of Durrow Church was censured for not keeping a school in 1801. Miss Tomkinson, late principal of Castle Durrow School, who is now 85 years of age went to school there as a very small child and we have still the same desks she used as a child, as well as three of the lead inkwells in them. The school must have been a very modern one for the time it was built for there are two very fine windows in the gable ends, and four ventilators in the ceiling with a six inch round hold in each gable above the ceiling to carry off the impure air. The grounds were planted with trees - elm, beech, ash, sycamore and pines. As well as ornamental trees as the locust or false Acacia and Laurustinus. I saw twenty-five three cut down

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it, bad weather is indicated, rain is indicated, if the stars fall, or if the clouds are black. When the wind comes from Kildalkey (South) it brings most rain to our district. When swallows fly high fine weather is indicated, also when seagulls fly inland, wet and stormy weather is on the way. When dogs eat grass, rain is indicated, when the cat sits with her back to the fire it is the sign of a coming storm. Wild Geese flying south indicates wet and stormy weather. Crickets singing, dust blowing on the roadway, spiders creeping from their web, smoke puffing from the chimney, plentiness of snails and midges flying in groups, all indicates rain. Smoke going up straight from a chimney indicates fine weather.

soldiers. On 1541 the Abbey was formally dissolved by Henry VIII, and granted in 1543 to O'Brien, Baran of Ibrackane, who protected the monks. After Elizabeths confirmation of the grant the friars remained still in possession. In 1617 Fr. D Mooney visited Quin and found two of three helpless old friars about the place. They remembered the monastery being suppressed, and that its gold and silver had been sent to MacNamara of Knoppogue. Mr T.J. Westropp says that the community taking advantage of the freedom of religious worship granted by the Catholic Confederation of 1641 repaired and reopened the College connected with the monastery, and that in a short time no fewer than 800 youths were receiving instruction from the Franciscan fraternity of Quin. One of their scholars was a historian Anthony Broden together with eighteen members of his family. It was finally destroyed by Cromwells

inhabitants of the townland that this woman went to the house of a neighbouring farmer by the name of Nelan (Neilan ?) where she obtained whatever holy water was in the house from the farmer's little daughters and she took it away with her. On the following morning when the farmer was churning he could get nothing but froth in the barrell, and this state of affairs lasted well over a month. Though the old woman had only one cow, she was seen at the butter market in Causeway every Tuesday of the week selling large quantities of butter which the neighbours stated was equivalent to the produce of ten or twelve cows. The rumour got abroad concerning her witchcraft and two or three farmers decided on watching her. One night they stole quietly to the house and peeping in through the window they saw a large rope hanging by one end from a rafter of her

cabin and the other in her hand, and milk flowing from it into a bucket. One of the watchers cautiously opened the door and entering he pulled out his knife and cut down the rope to which large knobs of butter adhered. He took the rope home with him. From that day forward the Nelan (Neilan ?) family had no trouble in making butter.

In John Horgan's fort in Ballinglanna there lived a branch of the Nelan (Neilan ?) family. This Nelan man's wife was a Limerick woman known as Lady Manarey. When he was in a hunt in Limerick the deer crossed a big gate and he followed close behind Lady Manarey came second in the hunt. She fell in love with the horseman and followed him to Kerry. They lived together in their home in Ballinglanna. They made a pile of gold in tobacco smuggling. This gold was buried in two firkins under the bed. When the man of the house died her cousin Catherine Mc Loughlin came to keep her company. This Catherine knew where the gold was hidden and when Lady Manarey died her cousin was left in charge of the house. The day after her funeral the Connors of Sandford Castle came looking for the gold as they claimed to be the nearest relatives (Tade Connor's mother being a Nelan woman) and also the Landlords of the place and all it held. Catherine Mc Loughlin showed them where the gold was buried. They dug it up and carried it to Sandford and the firkins were so heavy that it took four

"Kinalmeaky is down death to the Puritans" Then Inchiquin was taken to one of the hills where he could see the battle. He forgot his wounds and he mounted his horse and he led his men and he drove the Irish down towards Charleville and only for night falling hardly any of the Irish would have escaped. In 1646 the Irish besieged it again and Captain Raymond surrendered without firing a shot. Captain Raymond was court martialled and he was sentenced to be shot and Percival pardoned him. In 1650, the English besieged it again. Sir Hardress Waller was the chief leader of the English and there is a big breach in the south-western wall. Sir Hardress Waller fired a cannon ball from one of the neighbouring hills. The castle has been derelict since. There were 700 of the Irish killed, 12 of the English were killed and 21 wounded. Irish Generals. Lord Barry Lord Muskerry Lord Roche Lord Mountgarret English Generals Lord Inchiquin Lord Kinalmeaky Lord Barrymore Lord Dungarvan Lord Broghill Sir Charles Vavasour Sir Phillip Percival

The farm animals around here are, cows, calves, horses, goats, pigs, and sheep together with hens, ducks, turkeys, and geese. Nearly every farmer here has names on the cows and here are some of them, "Callaghan", "Buckley", "Curtin", "Jeffery", "Burke", "Paulin", "Black [?]" "Yellow Nancy", "Kicker", "Norket", "locked-horns". "young giant". "Snaily" "beauty", "Jack", "Cagnie", "Cran", "The Cadger", "Nunan", "Weathers", "Leahy", Paul" "Joe", The Black" "Nadd" "Goggin" and "Rosy". They also names on the horses such as "Old Tom" "Dan" "Sonny" "The Grey man" and "Lord Muskerry" When driving cows they say "how-how" and when they are calling them they say "huff-huff". WHen they are calling sheep they say "Ba-Ba" and when they are calling the bonhams they say "Bon-Bon". When they are calling pigs they say "hurris-hurris" and when they are driving them they say "cudgca". When they are calling the calves they say, "sook-sook" and when they are driving them they say "sook-on" When they are driving the horses they say "fuff-fuff" When calling goats they say "Kiddie-Kiddie" and when hunting them, some people say "hes-goat, whilst others say "hiscore" or "[?]". Some people here keep a "puck" goat with

Beyond the lofty mountain's crest, The hounds no longer will molest The hunted stag, he'll safely rest By Muskery's (Muskry) lovely lake, Three mountain summits round it lie; Farbreaga Galtybeg, more high Is Greenane's peak, so steep and high O'er which the fierce storms break. Near Shanbally Castle he seems to wait; What causes him to hesitate, Or dreads he that some gloomy fate Awaits him over there? Take either road, he's just between Clogheen town and Ballyporeen, Where frightful ghosts were often seen, And never failed to scare, But he knew his friend was very low, For priest and doctor he must go; 'Twas three good miles from Carriganroe, And the hour was very late; So he kept on at his fastest pace, And when he had almost won the race He met the demon face to face Before the pastor's gate.

The town-land where I live is called Bellmount. It is situated about mid way in the parish of Kilmurry, and in the barony of West Muskerry. In the town-land of Bellmount there are forty five famlies. They are all comfortable dwelling houses mostle all farmers. There was a charming bell once near Bellmount Mills and it is generaly belived that is how it got its name. There are very only a few old people in the town land and no Irish is spoken. They are all fairly well educated good knowledge history and well versed in farming. There is a very thriving industry in Bellmount milling company. There are more houses there now than in former times in our district. It is mentioned in hunting song. "Farewell to the wild woods the seens of my child hood Through the groves of Bellmount Ill never more roam Never again shall I pluck the sweet flowers or gaze on the ruins of old Castle more" It is good arrable land upper Bellmount

Fear Bréige - the old-time sun dial for the people who lived in the mid-valley (Glen of Aherlow). It stands out like a real Fear Bréige on the mountain sky line above Lough Muskery (Muskry) When the sun is seen from the valley to be directly overhead it, it is 12 o clock noon. (Many a child weary from haymaking and longing for the dinner hour was told to look up and notice that the sun hadn't yet come overhead "fear bréige").

This song was composed by John Tom Gleeson of Glounaglough Rylane, Coachford Co Cork some 50 years ago, strictly speaking its only a satire, and it was composed for a man named Tady Quille who was bred, born, and reared in Carrigagulla some six miles from Macroom and adjacent to Mushera Mountain. This poet died about ten years ago & was buried in the family burial ground at Aghinagh. Tady Quille died 6 years ago at the age of 79 and has the honour of being the second person buried at the new cemetary of Macroom, His family burial place being near Kinsale. The song is called "Bold Tady Quill." This information has been given by Denis A O'Sullivan Anaganihy (Annagannihy) Ballinagree whose occupation is a Shop Keeper and haulage Contractor and is 35 years old. The satire is as follows:- Ye maids of Duahollow (Duhallow) that's anxious for Courting A word of advice I'll give unto you Proceed to Banteer to the Athletic races And give in your name to the Club Committee But before you'll commence any sketch of your programme A carriage you'll notice going over the hills Flying through the valleys and glins of Kilcorney With our Muskerry sportsman, he is Bold Tady Quille

4. If I had all the riches that's in East or West Indies Or if I had all the gold that's in the queens store. I would give it to you, unto you my nice darling girl. For there's no other creature in the earth I adore. 5. And now since I gained her, I'm contented for ever Ill put rings on her fingers and rings on her ears. With diamonds and pearls I'll dress my brown girl She's the sweetest and fairest that ever you know.

Wild Duck. Migrates from the west Indies. Called the Shoveler. This bird has no down. He lives on suction. Beak is very like a spoon broad at top narrow at base on the edges combs which strain the food. Golden Eye Duck This bird has a white circle of feathers around the eyes. In the distance the circles would be taken for spectacles. Comes to this country in November and departs in February & March. Only comes the very bad wintery season. Swans. Swans come to visit lake but it is never known that they hatch there. Some (16) years ago two swans had four young swans in large pool about one mile and a half from the lake. When the young ones got strong the old one desired to move to Loch Lein which about a mile and a half away. For days the two made the journey to the lake

Bhí bom-shells á gcátha in áirde san aer, Strúdí á gheárradh lé catha neart plér. File na luinge agus iad ag tuitim tréan agus a gcuid foladh dá ghortadh lé cáthad neart plér. Bhí mo mhaithirín féin ag guidhe chugam chun Dé. mar a caileadh na míle iseadh a thánag féin saor. Do shiubalamair Dursey, agus Jersey, gan dabht, Is i dtalamh an Éisg, iseadh bhuaileamair rogha. Do fuaireamair cuireadh chun filleadh ar ár sáil, Is ar na hÉast Indies Fleet, iseadh a bhuadhmair an lá

Grimes's Healy's Murphy's Sceavanger's Kelly's Micky O Malley's A few of those families died in Ballinlough of hunger. Mickey Geraghty's family died and Peter Geraghty's and peter Lennon's family went into Westport to live and the Mac Loughlin's went away to Scotland. Another few families went to England and half them went to the West Indies as there was a free emigration. Another few

his head against the needles. There were also at the door twelve feathers of the same colour and one blue feather, the giant used come out to the door in the heat, and feathers used blow back and forth and cool him. Then the man began to eat his bread, but while he was eating, a robin hopped on the window and asked him for a bit of bread for her young. He told her to clear away, that he hadn't enough for himself and she went. Then the giant came home and when he saw the man he said to him "I will give you a choice, of blowing you to the Indies in one breath or I will fight you." Then the man answered that he had fought gentlemen as good as the giant and then they started to fight. After a while the giant got the better of him and in the end he killed him and buried him in a hole. After a while when the second son was twenty one years, he said to his mother that he would try and see would he find his brother. His mother then asked him which would he take, the big cake or the small one, he took the biggest with the curse and set off. He came to the giant's palace, the little robin asked him for the bread, he refused her, he then fought the giant and was killed. When the third brother was twenty one he said he would go in search of the other two. Instead of taking the big cake he took the small one, saying that the blessing was better than the curse. Like his two brothers he came to the giant's palace and stayed there that night. The next morning when he was eating his

Long ago there was a man and a woman whose names were Jack and Joan. they lived in Ballyheigue. Jack was working with Mr [?] Crosbie. When he was going to work in the morning he told Joan have to tobacco for him in the evening. When he came in he asked for this tobacco and Joan said "I had no time to go for it." He went off himself up to the Churches who lived in Ballinprior. He was walking up along Bally-heigue road and facing on the Big Bridge. A man came on with a horse and saddle and stoped stopped him. "Jack where are you going this hour of the night." "Wisha up to churches for a bit of tobacco for myself." " Sit up behind me and I will get plenty of tobacco for you," Off they flew and never stopped till they reached the east Indies. Here they came to a big shop. When the man came to the door he put his hand to it and it opened itself. In they went and sat down and had all kind of refreshments. There was a nice small little dog there, and Jack had great

In the years 1846, 47, 48, there was a great famine in Ireland. It reduced the population by one and a half or thereabout. The land refused to grow the crops and there fore starvation set in amongst our people. The British Govrnment shipped Indian wheat from the east and west Indies. The corn was milled here and distributed amongst the people at various places. On the year before the famine the potatoes was so good that the people did not think it worth their while to dig them and they all rotted.

estates at Santry, and leave Ireland altogether. He died in Norfolk in England and is buried there. He was the last of the Barrys. There has not been a Lord Santry since. The estates of Santry then passed on to the Domvilles with whom they remain to the present day. Santry House in which Lord Santry lived does not now exist but the present building, Santry Court is built on the same site. It was built in the year 1702.

his ways. Apparently he did not. One day he visited an inn in Donnybrook. There he met some of his companions. After sometime a quarrel arose in which he lost his temper and as he was coming out, Lochlann Murphy who was porter of this inn came into his way. He passed some insulting remark to Murphy who answered back. Lord Santry drew his sword and wounded him. He then went away and sent back four pounds to compensate Murphy. Lochlann died three days after and Lord Santry was arrested for murder. He was tried in Dublin and was sentenced to be hanged. At this time Sir Thomas Domville his uncle of Templeogue, threatened to stop the Dublin water supply which ran through his estates if they carried out the sentence on his nephew Lord Santry. So by this means he was reprieved, but he had to forfeit his title and his

It is said that treasure has been hidden in upper Glenstal. The Danes used to hide the treasure long long ago in Ireland. They hid it for fear of being invaded. An attempt was made in upper Glenstal to unearth the treasure. The men were hunted by the noise of chains and the people ran away. The treasure consisted of gold and other valuable articles. There was no discovery in my district. Light has been seen every night where the treasure has been hidden. There was light seen in upper Glenstal where the treasure is hidden.

to a dance in Belturbet. The following day he suddenly got ill at Butlersbridge. When his physician attended him he said "I am too late Owen Roe is poisoner" Owen Roe was placed on a stretcher and removed to the Island where he died. In the vicinity of Clough Oughter castle there was a chain shot found which consisted of two cannon balls joined by a link and nearby a bone with a bullet embedded in it. After this discovery the then Lord Farnham propibited visitors from entering the castle. Lismore castle is situated in the vicinity of Crossdoney town and a very short distance from the public road. It was built by the OReillys. It is said that the roof at first was covered with lead. This castle is now ownend by Mr Burrows and is in a very good state of repair although it is uninhabited. Tonny-more (Tonymore) castle is built along the railway between Crossdoney and Cavan. This castle is in delapidated condition at present

472 quarter of an hour Michael Beglon (Beglan/Beglin) Lisryan put in a goal and after ten minutes more he got another point. Then Ledwidch (Ledwidge/Ledwich) ended the game with a goal for Granard. Then the scores stood Lisryan 2-2 Granard 2-0. The teams were Lisryan P. Beglon, J. Dunleavy, P. Leavy, J. Early, P. Fagan, J. Fagan, F. Fagan, J. Murphy, T. Murphy S. Stanly (Stanley) J. Stanly, M. Mulligan, T. Donoghue, J. Harte, J. mcGivney, T. Martin, J. O Hara, M. O Hara, J. Cuffe, P. Flynn and D. Reynolds. Granard Walsh, Leonard, Kiernan, Brady, Kenny, Kelly, Donlon, Conolly, Daly, Dalton, Murray, Ledwidch, Early, Manly, Lynch, Burns, O Connor, Burke, Haydon King and Macken. After the end Beglon hit the ball a kick and it landed at Lisryan crossroads a distance of about six furlongs. There were two posts about 10 ft apart stuck as each end of the field and there was a crossbar going from one to the other

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The landlords of this district were were the Horgan's. These people lived at Carrigagulla at a place called Carrigagulla House. They lived for one hundred and fifty years in this district. These people were Catholics. One of them was a priest. When he died Tadhg Ua Síothcháin wrote a lament for him called "Toireamh an athair Eoin". It is not known how these people came to possess all that land. These people were considered not bad landlords. These people evicted one man named Daniel Horgan. Daniel Horgan captured Simon Brown (N.B. It is on record that one Simon Brown was hanged in Cork P. Ua h-A.) and took him to the magistrate at Kilcorney. Simon Brown was convicted of robbery and hanged at Cork. One of the Horgan family was also a magistrate and he was jealous when Danniel Horgan did not take Simon Brown before him. Then he evicted Danniel Horgan. At that time there were no lands[?] and a tenant could be evicted at the end of the year if he was paying his rent or not

There are two holy wells around here. One is in Dower's land in Mona Lummery and the other is in Hally's land Woodhouse. The people around call the well in Dowers "Maureen's Well". "Mairín na Feithe" she was called. She lived in the wet mountain. She was John Dower's mother. It is supposed that St. Declan blessed it on his way to Ardmore. It cures ringworm. Anyone who goes there who suffers from ringworm is cured even people who are given up by doctors. Three times you should go there to be cured before sunrise and after sunset. Mrs. Cohen had ringworm and one morning when she was going to this well she felt the ringworm getting cured. She is from this neighbourhood. The well in Hallys

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The wild birds commonly found in this district are : (Clongeen B.N.S), robin, wren, gold finch, chaffinch, bullfinch, greenlinnet, crow, jackdaw, pigeon, woodpigeon (or more commonly called woodquest) sparrow, leather-wing-bat, long-tailed-tit, tit mouse, tomtit, mudlark, blackbird, thrush, jay, magpie heron, (called a crane and just as commonly called by its Irish name "Corriasc") grouse partridge, woodcock, plover, snipe, pheasants (were very plentiful but are rather scarce now.) lark, hawk, tomtit, willie-water-wagtail, woodpecker sallypecker, jennyspinner, minnie-goat, stonechatter, kingfisher, greylinnet, lapwing, catowl, ringdove, browneen, "pilibín", martin-swallow, swallow, golden-plover, curlew, sandpiper, shoveler waterhen, roselinnet, black-diver, barncrake, blackstairs, black-cap, golden wren, cuckoo, scaldcrow, chiff-chaff.

Wild Duck. Migrates from the west Indias. Called the Shoveler. This bird has no down. He lives on suction. Beak is very like a spoon broad at top narrow at base on the edges combs which strain the food. Golden Eye Duck This bird has a white circle of feathers around the eyes. In the distance the circles would be taken for spectacles. Comes to this country in November and departs in February & March. Only comes the very bad wintery season. Swans. Swans come to visit lake but it is never known that they hatch there. Some (16) years ago two swans had four young swans in large pool about one mile and a half from the lake. When the young ones got strong the old one desired to move to Loch Lein which about a mile and a half away. For days the two made the journey to the lake

the churning. In olden times the old pepole had queer notions about churning. They would not like any body to come in while at it. If any stranger came in they would have to take the dash and 'God bless the work'. In olden times people suffered a lot and left very poor by their butter and milk taken. About forthy five years a go there was a man lost his butter. He went to a wise man who used to use charms. He told him to send four men with four pails to a place where four rivers met and to be there before sun rise. He got the men and was there at appointed time and began to scrub the pails the water began to foam up and the dirt and smell nearly suffiocated them. They had to start for home. The man never got his butter back. There is another story about a certain man who went to a man who had forecast named Conor Sheridan. Conor told him go to a bog and he would get five white stones. He was to bring them home and throw them across the house in the Name of the Father, Son and Holy Ghost. The person that would come for the stones would be the person taking it. He watched it and it was his own Sister. He chased her and when he got near her she turned into a cat. He never got his butter back. Told to me by my mother.

In the end, he ate some of it, and then it was kept a secret between the two of them. This man's house was frequently burned, in order to cook the pigs, and the neighbors became suspicious and they watched. The mystery was discovered and the father and son were summoned. The day came, and the verdict was about to be passed, when the foreman of the jury, begged that some of the burnt pig, should be brought that some of the burnt pig, so then the verdict was "not guilty". The judge was a wise man, and he got as many pigs as he could, and a few days later, his house was set on fire. Everyone began to set fire to the houses, and in this way they cooked the pigs and enjoyed the beautiful roast pork.

another bottle and the same thing happened, but this time, there was a frantic knocking at the door, and they all heard the cries of someone in great pain. When the door was opened - the suspected woman staggered in, and confessed everything, she declared the bursting of the bottles had nearly killed her, and she swore by all that was holy, never to interfere with anyone’s cattle again. An old fashioned way to safeguard the milk and butter from witchcraft was to wash the churn and the dairy vessels with water taken from a place where three streams met, and another rather gruesome charm, which has been used within living memory, is to keep a dead hand in the dairy, and draw it through all the milk in the pans to insure plenty of

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There is a bridge near Kilgar and there was stones taken out of the Chapel of Diamour and put on the bridge. There is also writing on them. There is a stone cross at Symorstown (Seymourstown) on the side of the road. It was said that this cross was erected in memory of 12 sons of an ancient King that lived on the hills of Balgrea (Balgree ?) It was found among a heap of stones when a man was building a wall. It was said that these 12 young men had a dispute about their hound beside a river. The hound displeased one of them and he cut off his head. The next brother came up and cut off the head of his other brother and so on until one son remained. This cross was put over the sons in memory of them. And also in

Symorstown (Seymourstown) there is a well by the name Tobair Padraig. At Kilskyre crossroads there is a lone bush and under it is buried a famous lady and her dogs and horses. The lady's name is Maire na Rasai. Saint Colmcille and Saint Kieran were brothers and they agreed to divide the parishes between them. They agreed to start at sunrise and to walk until the would meet each other. They met each other at a place called Castlepole where a well with a whitethorn lone bush made the spot where they met. The bush was cut and the well closed in. Beside the well there are several rocks with the print of Saint Kieran's knees on them. There are high stones crosses in Saint Kieran's Churchyard and it is said that Cromwell set his

About seventy years ago all the gentlemen of the country cut turf instead of bying coal. Nicholson of Balrath hired men and horses and carts to draw home the turf along with his own men and horses. This particular aged man named Paddy Maitiu whose right name was Patrick Lynch. He was a very witty old man that always played tricks on Nicholson in his own interest. He lived in a small thatched house in Scurlockstown Kilskyre He had a very old disformed horse and a rattling cart. This day the wheel broke bringing home the turf for Nicholson on the road. He asked Nicholson for the loan of a cart and harness to bring home the load of turf. When he got it he continued to draw home the turf. When he was leaving the cart home he tied the cart to the back gate and walked up to Nicholson house and told Nicholson that he

Kilskyre Sarsfield and Donaghmore Round Towers Third Fordstown Reids [?] and Bohermeen Geraldines. Old men in darkening light, were so enthusiastic that they got knocked down to have a view of the game. Third Sunday. Bohermen Geraldines beat Delvin Emmets, Navan Commons and Ballinlough Milesians (w.o. for Nav. Commons) Martins Clan na nGeadael beat v Donaghmore Round Towers Fourth Sunday - Clan na nGaedael, a bye. Navan Commons beat Bohermeen Geraldines Fifth Sunday. Navan Commons beat Bohermeen by one point. Clan na nGaidael v Navan Commons & an Athletic Sports, 100 yds, 220, 440 long jump Hop step & jump Race Kick Mangan and Moran and Scully & Flynn said theyd meet the John Mailins and flog them again.

may pole the crioces caith siar the sheep cock field the Lowrys the pay hill the Capóg near the river the atháns the sheep park the currach a wet field the cregg John's garden Simon's garden gortin na ceatar tig tohar tobara cul dara muing piper hill the cillruisg

by the people of Kiskeam and the surrounding country. Edward Walsh - a famous poet in this locality. He lived on the banks of the river Araglen. He wrote a very nice piece of poetry about 'Mairéad Ní Ceallaig'. At a dance in the village thy white foot was fleetest. Thy voice mid that concert of maidens was sweetest. The swell of thy white breast made sick lovers follow. And thy raven hair bound them, young Mairéad Ní Ceallaigh. Thy neck was lost maid, like the Ceannbaun whiter, And the glow of thy cheek than the Monadawn brighter, But death's chain hath bound thee, thine eyes glazed hollow, That shone, shone like a sunburst young Mairéad Ní Ceallaigh. No more shall mine ear drink thy

The names of the roads round the district of Kinsealy are as follows. Black's Road which is facing my house in Feltrim leads to the main road of Malahide. Another road is the Feltrim Rd which leads on to the Swords Rd. and from the Swords Rd to the Malahide Rd. Another road is the Belcamp road which is reached by a field. At the back of my house there is a little boreen which leads into a field, in which there is a large lake which is covered over with wooden planks. It leads to Bell Camp Road and leads from Bell Camp

There is a poet who lived in my district. His name is Patrick Tunney. He can compose songs and poems. He lived in Doire Cuilleadh. He is living up in Dublin now. He is about fifty years of age. He learned the poetry out of his own head. There is a man who lived in my district. His name is Pat Hastings. He lived in the village of Tawnyslinnaun. He composed a great song about the school in Derrymore.

1. A gold tea-set suposed to be found in a hill in Cul - Sionnach, Balla, Co Mayo by a man named Micheal Tunney. 2. A pot of gold was found in the same place by a man named McLoughlin, he shared it among the neighbours. There was a light seen for a long time after it was gone, and cries were heard at night. A bush that was cut at the place had to be set again. The man who cut the bush is supposed to be disabled and his mouth turned to his two ears.

Black park near the bog. (Round hill) Round hill there is a hill in the middle of field Cliath aiteann furze ditch Tully hill Big meadow Crocán hill Capantender Moinin Calla pronounced (?) Cile (?) Wall (?) in Mallow a wet field Moinin mór Black ground Ree-isk wet land near bog or Shannon Paircin Ray (?) Gort leathan pron. - lathan Sean mhuille Wool garden near the woo briary field Forge Calla Lisheen there is a fairy fort people who died the time of the children who wernt baptised were buried there, (famin burried there) a fairy lorry seen there Brand iron the shape of a brand iron (sketch) iron tripod for resting, frying pan when frying Gort fada the pairch gort na clasaí fir lawn

Black park near the bog. (Round hill) Round hill there is a hill in the middle of field Cliath aiteann furze ditch Tully hill Big meadow Crocán hill Capantender Moinin Calla pronounced (?) Cile (?) Wall (?) in Mallow a wet field Moinin mór Black ground Ree-isk wet land near bog or Shannon Paircin Ray (?) Gort leathan pron. - lathan Sean mhuille Wool garden near the woo briary field Forge Calla Lisheen there is a fairy fort people who died the time of the children who wernt baptised were buried there, (famin burried there) a fairy lorry seen there Brand iron the shape of a brand iron (sketch) iron tripod for resting, frying pan when frying Gort fada the pairch gort na clasaí fir lawn

may pole the crioces caith siar the sheep cock field the Lowrys the pay hill the Capóg near the river the atháns the sheep park the currach a wet field the cregg John's garden Simon's garden gortin na ceatar tig tohar tobara cul dara muing piper hill the cillruisg

name. There are songs about Drumineal. The name of the song is the "Drumineal". Mrs Flatley composed that song and wrote it out. Mrs Flatley, Battlefield Culfadda. There are old people living yet who know a little Irish. Pat Hannon Listrush knows Irish. He belonged to the teaching profession.

Boys of Culfadda" Mrs Flately (Flatley ?) Battlefield wrote and composed the "Vale of Drumineal" and the "Vale of Sweet Dereen" She reads cards & cups for the public and one who is looked upon as very good for recitation. It is very difficult to get her to write out the poetry she composed but it may be had before very long as there are a few boys trying to get it

James Cullen of Drumnasooey used to make several things out of rods. He used make creels for drawing home turf and potatoes also baskets for holding clothes. he used make gubbans for young calves to keep them from eating wisps until they would be three weeks old. He used put fine rods into a large pot with some water to boil on the fire When boiled enough he would pull the bark off with his hands. There baskets were called hand baskets and he used sell them for a half crown or three shillings. The used carry them about when shopping. Besom Making James Furrie of Carrownacluane used used make heather beesoms. He used travel though the country with his bundles and sell them at twopence each

Weaving Patrick Connolly of Culfadda and his brother used to weave yearn into linen which was used for making sheets and towels. There was another material called drogget which he used weave into cloth for womens under-shirts Thatching There was a man named Patrick Conlon of Cumming near Lough na Súl (?) (Nasool) He was famous for thatching. The people used come from a far off distance to employ him Rope Making Every body used make their own ropes out of rushes. They used tie them in bundles until they toughened. Then they would beat them with a beetle and plait them into ropes. These ropes were called Sgoidheach (skyeach) Churn (?) Firkin and Tub Making Tom Conlon of Gleann used make

In the penal times there was a mass rock over in "Carriucknaveadan" (Carricknaveaden) and a priest was killed on the side of the hill facing "Lattagloghan" Mill in a field belonging to Own Sheridan. The priests name was Dowd this family gave many priests to the church during their times. Mass was sometimes said in an old "Mill" in Drumnaveigh that is now out of use. There was a priest hunted into Stravicnabo but he escaped Stravicnabo extended only as far as "McHughs forge" the lower end of it was called Curranan. In 1829 was Emancipation before that time there were no bells in the chapels.

called a "suggan" to save their feet. These people had such hardy feet, we heard that they could walk on a whinnie ditch. Corns, heated feet, and sweated feet were not known of that time, which people are complaining of now and a cure for same would be a great favour. There are two shoemakers in our district. The names are Pat Lee, Lattagloghan, and Pat Lee, Crosskeys (?) but they have made no boots for the last fifteen years. The high cost of material left them idle as boots can be bought cheaper in the factory. Before that time they made a good living on shoemaking. Now they only repair worn boots. The old saying is that "nobody knows where the boot hurts him so well as the person who wears it". It is not lucky to throw out water at night that the feet have been washed in, and, if it has to be thrown out, it should be done while saying "dirty" water three times while throwing it out.

There was a gentleman about seventy years ago, and he owned a large property. One night, he had a dream, he was to be robbed. He rode on horse back about mid-night, as he travelled along the road, his horse bolted, and he heard a noise, he looked and he saw something that resembled a tub on the ditch, and it spoke. "Stad a mharchuigh agus tabhar leat cuillóg" and so the horse would not move and she said "Tóg do srian i do lámh clé" He did as she told him and she jumped up behind him in the horse, it sounded like an empty barrel. He rode along until he came to a running stream. There she slid off behind him and said "Is maith duit-sa do civil (?) anocht" and she disappeared. The man on horse back rode away. His dream came true, when he got home he found robbers stealing all his property. He had just time to take one key out of a big store where he had a lot of his property stored, when he fainted dead and he went to bed and never left it until he died. Mary Hickey Gortnagrogh Firies Age 13 years

Máirim ach mo gour máirim as Began máirim.+
St. Columbcille da golas ar gach gorra do gibh ar ach dén dhuin ibh do "vornes paste" moch nibh ar acht dén go dtí críost ar nibh

+Ar a whit críost peadar is paul do vorries paste" ar bhios. Mo bol ar a St Tomás a do a Dia críost gan cul do "vorries paste" in a bhFhuil
+ Ar a St Tomás a doul fé whom is a críost fé hé gan loct ar win ar nibh ar hour is in pasta lin na nibh in Knoch is in t-athair aníve Amen. The charm for Farsi was given to me (M. B Cleary N.T.) by Gerald Caren Knockgraffon about five years ago. (He has since died at the age of 88 years) The charm has been in the family for generations and was handed on from father to eldest son or to the eldest surviving member of the family. It never failed to cure, and horses suffering from the disease were taken to him by all people in the district. He wrote it out phonetically for me and I have copied it exactly as I got it.

2. About eighty years ago there was an old school in Cloonkeen Kerrill, Colemanstown, Ballinasloe, County Galway. The master's name was Owen Donnelly. He was born in Cavan but he taught in Cloonkeen Kerrill School. He did not know any Irish.
This story was told by Patrick Finnerty aged 56 years of Cloonkeen Kerrill, Colemanstown, Ballinasloe, County Galway.

FortsThere is a fort in the parish of Mullagh. It is on land owned by a man named John Finnerty. He lives in the townland of Addergoole. The fort is about a half a mile in from the public road. It is called Lisnascagh (?) The fort is built on a small hill and there is a hollow in the centre of it. Outside the fort is a round ring of earth and there are bushes growing on it. This might be the reason why it got it's name. There is no entrance to the fort at any point.
One day the owner of the land was going to sow potatoes in the field. He began to skin the scraws off it. He had a few cut when a white hare jumped up from under one of the rods and ran off. Then he got afraid and he said he would do no more. So he gathered his tools and went home. On his way home he got a sudden pain in his knee and it never left him until the day he dies. This story was told me by my father John Greaney.

Fields in the farm of Jer Moynihan, Sean-BhaileCollector Michael Murphy Seanbhaile
Cnoc-na-Groidhe Móinfhéar / Madhnaer Tairbh is so called because a bull was seen there one night bellowing. Cual an gharsúin is so called because one of the children in the farm went out one night "poaching" birds and

3. In Seanbhaile there is the ruin of a little castle. It was built by a landowner named Lowe in the year 1797. It was not occupied by soldiers but at that time a lot of hunts were held and this was used as a stand or watch-tower. The date-stone (1797) is till to be seen in Lisnascreena. In Glenbrock there are the remains of a very large castle. It is about six storeys high and the walls are still in good repair. There is a bell in the castle still and it is used to call the men to work. There are alcoves in the wall inside with little windows for firing through. There the remains of a tower about twenty yards from the castle. It is knocked now but but the wall is still about ten feet high. It was about nine feet in diameter. There is a well about three miles from my village. There are stones there, one with the image of our Lord crucified on it. There are others with writing on them. The land is owned by Sir George Mahon and one of his ancestors had the stones taken away but the stones kept shouting "bring us back" and they never stopped until they were brought back. One time water was drawn from the well but it could not be boiled. The name of the well is St Cuan's Well and every year in the month of October and do Stations. The 15th October is Pattern Day

1. There is the ruins of a Franciscan Abbey beside the village of Kilconnell. It was built in the year 1353 by William O'Kelly It was burned by the English Soldiers around the time of the Battle of Aughrim. The friars who were in it abandoned it and went a bog nearby, now called Monabrathar. It consisted of three acres of land. In the year 1596 a soldier named Clifford made a barrack for his soldiers after he had been beaten by O'Neill and O'Donnell. There were seven altars which can be seen today in it and there are a lot of carvings on them. There is also a lot of writing on stones there. Once a soldier put hay and straw for his horse in front of St Francis' altar for a night. Next morning when he went to it, he found the horse dead. Another time the soldiers broke open the tombs thinking they would find treasure. They did not stop till one of them had his legs broken by a falling stone. 2. There is a ruin from old castle in Doon. There is said to be an underground passage leading to Fohena where people used hide in Penal Times. There is a ruin of an old house in Annagh called the Sidheán. It is supposed to be haunted by fairies. They followed a man in his carriage once until he arrived at his destination, the they disappeared.

4. There is a Ruined church in the district. It was knocked and plundered in the time of Cromwell. The church is situated in the centre of the present Fohanagh graveyard. The district is called Ballinthampaill. The Ruins of an old mill are still to be seen on the Riverside. It is a Ruin For fifty years. The land were it lies is called The Mill Lands. People say there are ghosts in the Ruins of the Farm houses. There is a Ruined castle in Ballinabanaba. It was the home of a great chief in Former Times. If a house is being built on a priests path the walls will fall flat to the ground. There was a house being built in the district. The walls were knocked every night. The men who were building the house watched it one night. It was knocked the the ground but they saw no one.Patrick Sweeney, Fohanagh.
5. There are two old castles in the district. Each is about a half mile from my house. One of them is built on green hill in the bad land. The other is built on Pender's land. There is a good deal of stones knocked out of it. There are the windows still to be seen in it. There are The Remains of an old church in Chapelfinnerty. It was built by Father Finnerty. Jack Mc Loughlin, Ballinabanaba

There are not many monuments in this district. There is one in Chapelfinnerty graveyard which is about a mile or so from this place.
There was a priest living in it, and his name was Father Finnerty. He was buried in it, and there was a tomb or monument put over him. There are a couple of stone monuments in Caltra graveyard, and it is about four miles from this locality. In the County Sligo there are cairns of stones put over the kings and queens of long ago. They may be there for years and years. There is a graveyard near this school, and it is called "the belloos" There are stones standing up in it, and there is writing on them. Some of the old ffrenches of Castleffrench were buried in it, and the cause of that is supposed to be that they were killed fighting in a duel, and could not be buried in consecrated ground. The writing is very old, and it

(1) John Guiry, Moorstown, Coleman and Pat. Hanly, Ballynattin, Clerihan were champion footballers belonging to the "Moyle Rangers". The matches at that time were across county generally along the banks of the River Moyle to the fort of [?].(2) A man named Boyle of Hussystown, Ballingeary, Poulmucka was able to pull a horse load of potatoes from the field to the haggard, a distance of one and a ½ mile.
(3) John Doherty, Springmount, had an uncle called "Wild Doherty". lived at the "cross of the sweep". This "Wild Doherty" used to follow Bianconi's coaches from Clonmel to Dublin and back running behind after four horses trotting. (4) David Walsh who lived in Ballyveelish, Clerihan was a farmer with 2 sons named David and John. He wanted to divide the place between them, as arranged, as they were 2 very strong men, that the one who was able to put out the other by strength from the barn, without injuring him, was to be the owner and could stay. The other had to leave. David won. (5) One day as John Walsh was drawing turf from the Bog of Allen he heard about a man named Sheehan (?) having jumped a road and two fences at Mocklers Hill. Cashel. He went to see the place, tied his horse, and jumped the road and 2 fences as well. (6) A noted dancer named Mrs. Shifton, used come and teach dancing at Giantsgrave, Clonmel, whilst her son used play the violin.

HOW POULMUCKA GOT ITS NAMELong ago there was family in Westgrove who kept a sow. The sow had ten bonhams. There was big pond in the field near the house. Into this pond the Decoy stream flows. This stream flows under the ground into Poulmucka “slogera’ and from Poulmucka, it flows into the stream in Kedre where it meets the River Suir near Cahir.
It is said that the sow and the ten bonhams went into the pond, and swam along underground to Poulmucka “slogera’. There they were seen swimming around. They disappeared from Poulmucka, and kept swimming on, along until they came out at Kedra. On account of their appearance in the “slogera” (?) Poulmucka, the place was called Poulmucka. There is no townland called Poulmucka at or near the place. Still Poulmucka is still widely known, and residents in the nearby townlands are all stated to be from Poulmucka.

4.
"Sharkey's River", is in Rockmarshall."Mc Keever's River", is in Dawestown. "Whites River", is so called because long ago people named White lived near it. This river is in Dawestown.

I can't forget sweet Carrick
Mount Charles on the hill My friends around Rathmullan Sweet Muff and old Moville Columbkill and Buncrana, Carndonagh far away.My dear old home at Downings Near sweet Sheephaven [?] Bay The vales around Bundoran near the wild Atlantic Dear old Ballyshannon on the green fields of Gweedore The brays around Stranorlar and the famous Ballybofey The hill sides of Clonmany And the castle at Glenveigh The village of Gortahork and the brays around Doe And Glen and bonny Fintown Where bonny rivers flow My friends who dwell Where oftimes do remain Farewell farewell to Donegal Till I return again

had enough eating. He was not able to gout then. The man came out and killed him. In John Costellows (Costello ?) henhouse he was.Teller: Mrs Nora Power
Flaskagh Dunmore Tuam Writer: Nora Power Flaskagh Dunmore Tuam

of the fort on the other side of the road and it was on account of this the place was called Ceathramha an tSean Líos.There are only four people over seventy in this village. They all have Irish but they are not very good storytellers with the exception of my grandmother - Mrs Moloney, Carrantanlass, Brownsgrove, Tuam. The other names are Pat Nestor, Carrantanlass, John Donlon, Carrantanlass and Mrs McGrath, Carrantanlass.
There are eleven ruins of houses in this village. The houses were owned by the following - Moloneys who about fifty years ago went to America. They had no family at all. Quins whose family went to England and the old people died at home about thirty years ago. They had no land but the father went to work for Costellows (Costello) of Graige. Another house was owned by John Kilgariff who had no family. He had no land but he lived by sowing conacre and going to England. Another house was owned by Michael Cullinan who had no family and sold his land. Brennans owned another house and land but that family went to America. All the other houses were owned by people who got new houses and land either in Carrantanlass or in Killinane. The land in this village is good land with

Z - The right zephyr that brought the glad ending.Told by an old man named Fahy who lived on the Scotch Road, Lisronagh, Clonmel. He was employed by Thomas Burke, Donoughmore, Lisronagh, Lonmel, who died in 1920 aged 80 years. Collected by his grandson Edward Burke, Donoughmore, Clonmel.

The 14th of August this year ( 1938 ) was as fine a day as ever came and all the weather experts of Louisburgh would put a finger under your eye if you said that rain was within a fortnight of us.I went out to Emloc that day armed with my knowledge and going to test it. Along all the fair Coast of all fair Ireland there is no reach of coast more glorious more beautiful than here - all that great stretch from Roonagh to Emloc and Cearanuisge and along to Talamh Bán where the Killeries begin in (?) wondrous strands - wondrous beauty and wondrous peace too on that glorious day. - I didn't find the druidical stones but I

The fairs in Aghagower fifty years ago. The fairs in Aughagower fifty years ago are not like the fairs we have now. There were more cattle and sheep and more buyers through prices at that time were small. There used to be about forty jobbers and cattle to supply all the jobbers. Buyers used to come from the West beyond Louisburgh and sometimes even from Roscommon. Aughagower school at this time was outside the chapel, just where the Calvary is now. This used to be used on those days as a barrack to deal with any disturbers of the peace. The police used to come from all round the place from the police barracks in Erriffs in Ayle and in Westport. The biggest fairs used to be on St. John's day the 24th June. At this fair the people used to come from all the

In the year eighteen-thirty-nine there lived two old witches one or two miles beyond Louisburgh. They used to be always fighting with one another. One night however they had an awful falling-out. between the two of them about something. One of them said to the other "I will turn the flag on you" and the other one said nothing. The one that said "I will turn the flag on you" went out the door in a rage. She told the other witch to come with her and although she was vexted she went. About one mile beyond the village where they lived there was another village called Ashlawn

Emloc is in the parish of Louisburgh on the Sea. In olden times there were two stones or rather flags here; on[e] standing, fixed on the seashore, and the other longer and thinner lying by the first.
If your neighbour wanted fine weather very badly; and you wanted to send him bad weather by reason of a grudge you had against him you had only to repair to Emloc turn the sand with the long flat slab repeating the while the proper prayers in the proper way, and the

What follows I gathered together in Louisburgh on Holidays in August.
There were until lately two persons living in Louisburg "who had cures"(this being the usual expression). One is dead now and his secret is dead with him. These cures consisted of plasters they made themselves chiefly of herbs, generally mixed with butter or 'Goose-grease'. But the precise formula is the secret of those who have the cures. "They are the sole repositories of their secrets and they shall die with them." These Louisburg cures were for

There is a conspicuous Long Stone of Giant's Grave Clonmel. It has one incised and one raised cross. It seems to have been the custom to inscribe Pagan Stone Age monuments with crosses to divert the people from the worship of pillar stones. I presume pillar stones to be of the period preceding the Bronze Age. There is a romantic yarn afloat that the Long Stone of Giants Grave was brought from Ulster to mark the graves of some of Hugh O'Neills' cavalry, who fell in the Cromwellian War. Besides other reasons to the contrary there is the convincing one, that if this stone is not an ancient monument, belonging to the site, the place would not be called "Giant's Grave". The Mote of Tullamaine, north of Clerihan parish, is one of the great earthworks of Ireland. It was originally a Bronze Age burial mound, but utilized by the de Burghs as a mote. (Norman fort). Like the smaller works at Lisronagh it was called Rauhana (?) Chodartha. The mote (moat) of Castletowngeoghegan in Co. Westmeath is similar but rather smaller. The Bronze Age earthworks, near Boyle, Co. Roscommon are also similar and the motes of Ardmayle and Cloncurry, Co. Kildare have affinities. These sepulchral mounds were used by the Normans as motes.

twenty falls on she has to seek. Who-ever is caught last she has to seek for the next round. There has to be a den in it also. If there is a good many playing the first and last have to seek.Annie Cogavin
Ballinasloe. Suckfield, Creagh

Ard Oilean, High Island. This is the most remarkable island of the group mentioned. It lies a short distance west of Friar's Isle, and like it is uninhabited and difficult of access. Here the celebrated St Fechin founded a monastery, formerly in great repute. A considerable portion of its ruins still remains, and several stone crosses are erected around them. There are also here some of those old stone houses or cells called Cloghans. The Four Masters record, that in A.D. 1017 Gormgal, Primh Anmchara or principal father confessor of all Ireland died in Ard-oilen. The second life of St. Fechin states that after the saint finished the monastery of Omey he founded another in Ard-oilen. This island is also in the ocean, and is distant a few leagues

In 1847 the potatoe crop failed completely. They slightly touched the previous year but no notice was taken till the first pang of hunger came. It is not known definitly whither blight or decay of the roots caused the failure but it is supposed that the nutrition was gone off the soil due to burning in cultivation when no artificial manure was available. Connaght suffered most in the famine time, because it was the poorest province. There are innumerable stories told till today even about events of death from starvation.
In a field in a village in Cloghans Hill, called Ultan (?) there are supposed to be many coffinless bodies buried. A young from an adjoining village came into my grandmother one day in 1847. He

If you had a toothache you should go to the grave of a newly buried person and say a prayer for the person. Then you pluck a few blades of grass from the grave, chew them and spit them out again. Then you must go straight home and if you meet anyone on the way, you must not speak to them an when you reach home you will be cured.
The cure for the measles is boiled beer and sulphur The cure for the warts is to find a snail but you must not be looking for it, at the time an rub it to the warts. Then you must go to a white thorn bush and stick one of the thorns through the snail. As the poor fellow dies the warts wither from your hands. Another is to rub a bit of fat meat to the warts and then bury the meat. As the meat rots the warts will disappear. There is a well to the east of Ballylaneen caller Tobar an Aisig. If you had stomach trouble and drank some of the water it would cure you There is a cure in the blessed well for sore eyes

Carrowmore Castle was just west of where Louisburgh now stands. In 1574 John of the Sails had command of this castle. Caher na Mart (the Fort of the beeves), where Westport House now is, was another O'Malley castle. In 1574 the Castle on Inishbofin was held by Loughlin, the brother of Grania Uaile, the castle on Clare Island by Cormach O'Malley; Kildavert castle on Achill by Teige Roe O'Malley.The O'Malleys were always a sea clan, and our chiefs were ex officio admirals of the King of Connaught. At the end of Elizabeth's reign the clan had two long ships that carried 300 men each, and about 30 galleys.
The name O'Malley is in Gaelic o Maille, pronounced o mawl-yeh. The earliest Anglicised form of the name is "OMayl", used in 1318. Grania Uaile used in English the form "O'Mailly".

a cow, and if he wanted more than was offered to him, another buyer would half the difference and give it to him. There are twelve fairs held in Louisburgh. There is one pig fair held or the 8th of December which is called Aonach na Much.
Buyers come to the houses and they buy sheep sometimes.

The local fairs are held in Westport and in Louisburgh. There are ten fairs held in Westport, three of which are old fairs. The old fairs are the New Year's Fair, November's Fair and the 22nd of May, "The Old Fair Day".
Cattle, Sheep and Horses are sold on new Year's Day. Cattle and Sheep are sold on the 22nd of May. November Fair lasts two day. On the first day which is November Eve horses are

There was a man named Pat Hastings and he had a nick name Padney. He was 80 years when he died. I dont know what year he died in or what year he was born in. His father or mother could not make a song. He made three songs. One about Derrymore school. Another one about a priest called Fr. Begley who built a cottage in Drummin. He made another song about himself. Once he was selling young pigs in Louisburgh and a man named Willie Bern had a wild horse and the horse jumped in over the cleeves to the pig that also. He made a song about

There was a man in this place, who could compose a song as good as any poet. He lived in Thawnaslinnaun and his name was Pat Hastings. He made a song about Derrymore his own native village. He made another song about Fr, Begley who was the priest who built a shed in Drummin for the people to go to Mass. He made a song also about Louisburgh. He made many other songs also. He was eighty years when he died and he is buried in Drummin. He was a great scholar and he had a carpenters double spelling book which was worth

There is a blessed well in Louisburgh. People go to the well every June. They go walking to it and do penance for themselves or there friends. St. Patrick that blest the well. Some people were cured at it a few years ago. The diseases it cures are diseases of the skin. People drink some of the water and bring home some more. The well is near a graveyard. There are a good deal of people buried around the well.

The name of the townland I live in is Loughty The name of the parish is Killgeever. the name of the barony is Murrisk.
There is about 11 families in my townland. There is only five old people over seventy years in it. The names of them are, Michael Gibbons, Loughty, Louisburgh, Co Mayo, Ireland Michael Hastings, Loughty, Louisburg, Co Mayo, Ireland. Brigid Hastings Loughty, Louisburg, Co Mayo, Ireland James Gavin Loughty, Louisburg, Co Mayo, Ireland.

There was another man called Affey Heraty, and he could compose songs. He was living in Claddy and he made a song about an old farmer named Howsten. Howsten used put a lot of people out of their land. Affey made the song and he praised the people in it and he ran down Howsten. Affey was 65 years when he died and he is buried in Aughagower, R.I.P.Pat Tunney is a man who can compose songs. He was born in Doirechuile, and he is in Dublin now. He composes songs about his own village and about other places in Co. Mayo.
The poets in these days could compose

an old man named Howesten who put a lot of people out of their land. Affey Heraty was fifty five when he died, and he is buried in Aughagower.Pat Tunney is a man who can make songs. He was born in Doire Chuilleadh, but he is in Dublin now. He makes songs about his own village and about other places in Co. Mayo.
There (was) two poets one times and they hated each other. One mans name was Kerrigan and the other man's name was Gavan. When Kerrigan was running

time. Until the present TempleMary N.S. was built. He was a fairly good Teacher and had good Scholars though he was not a qualified Teacher. Then the school closed down.The first Teacher that got charge of Templemary was Miss Tunney. It would be about 45 years ago. She was a very good Teacher and also had good scholars. Her brother Pat, a assistant teacher for some time until the average fell.
Then there was only one teacher, Until she became pension age and she had to resign. Some times there used to be an Irish class held there at night.

fair of Ballintra. Coming through a dense plantation known locally as “The Planting” an immense black dog walked by his side and rubbing up against his legs. Just before they reached the bridge, where the river crosses the road the dog disappeared as suddenly as he had appeared. His eyes were like halls of fire. William Armstrong died 18 years ago aged 72.

A man named Owen Tunney living in a place called the "Acres” in this parish always believed in Fairies. His house was built in a very lonely place and very many “sgeag” bushes were on his far. He was on one occasion about to build a barn close to his house but, suspecting that in doing so, he might encroach the displeasure of the Fairies, he decided to test it. One evening, he stuck four sticks in the ground where he proposed to build the barn, in the form of a square. The next morning he found the sticks pulled up.

In this parish there are at present five forges. There are two in Carrowleigh, one at the Gullet, one in Curraghkiely and one in Scartlea called the Sean Cheardca. The two in Carrowleigh are owned by Pat Harris and Jimmy Noonan, the one at the Gullet by Maurice Quinn, the one in Curraghkiely by Patsy Lynch and the Sean Cheardca by the Landers.
The forges are roofed with either zinc or slates. There are big double doors in most of them and unglazed windows with timber shutters. Some of them have but a single hob while others have two. The fire is kept lighting by bellows which are made in England. The tools used in the forge are the sledge, the anvil, a vice, a pincers, a tongs, a knife, a rasp and several small irons for holing or breaking iron. Outside the forge there is usually a large round piece of iron or stone with a hole in the middle. This is used for putting bands on wheels. There was an old forge at Tunney's Cross long ago owned by the Tunneys.

The Pass Bridge is situated in Passlands, Monasterevan, about half a mile from Monasterevan town. Pass Bridge is built over the river Barrow and it is only there since the time of Cromwell.Before this the people crossed the river at the shallow part. Cromwell was marching from the south to Dublin. When he came to the river he did not cross at the ford. because he was not accustomed to crossing the water on horse-back, so he built the bridge.
This bridge has never been altered since that time, although it was blown up in the time of the Black and Tans, and rebuilt again. It is so narrow at the top, that two vehicles could not pass side by side. Dorothy Bryan 10 ad Samhain 1937. Address. Old Grange, Monasterevan.

Some years ago Martin Keating lorum was travelling the Ballinkillen - Corries road late at night when crossing the bridge at the west of Corries he met a Funeral accompanied by a lot of little people.
They stopped him and told him that he would have to draw the hearse back around Corries and through Heath around Lorum on through Ballinkillen back to the same bridge there they let him off and he never saw any of them again. Thus because he did walk

There is an underground passage from a fort near Glasha to an old ruin called Corries house in which Thomas Russell was born. This underground passage runs under the portion of land called Glasha. The hidden treasure is supposed to be hidden in some part of this passage. Some of the old people say that the hidden treasure is a crock of gold and that it is in the centre of a the fort under a very large stone which no living creature could stir. On the western side of the fort is a

sick were known as the Knights Hospitallers, and the other half was known as the Knights Templars. The latter group were priests. They said Mass and looked-after the spiritual necessities of the people.
When Cromwell came to Ireland he burnt to dust the monastery. He carried off all sacred vessles which were of great value and the remainder he destroyed. Another community of those monks lived in a monastery in the graveyard at Possextown. There are two hills in Possextown known as Cromwell's hills. It is said that Cromwell buried some sacred objects on those two hills.

The Glen Road is the road from Tunney's Cross to Curraheen.
It is so called because it runs through a glen between Shanakill and Kilbrack. On the road there is a stone called "Cloc na gCeann" where people were beheaded long ago. There is another stone farther on the road and people say that a priest was thrown from his horse there and killed.Bóthar na bFáinní (?) is the part of the road from Rathgormack to Windgap from the Old Church to Terrys' Cottage. It is so called because rings and a cross were found there once. One night two of the Curries of Monadiha were going along the road and one of them saw a sow and a litter of bonhams but the other could see nothing. That road is also called the Low Road because it is the lower road to Clonmel. Bóithrín a' Mhargaidh is so called because it was used long ago as a shortcut to the market in Carrick. It is the road from Ballythomas to

prescribed. A well known fish vendor - Old Mrs Mulligan, Lynns, Annagassan - practises this cure
Whitlow. Mrs Casey, Castlebellingham, and Mrs Stephen McArdle, Dromiskin (And her mother before her) cure whitlow with an ointment made from herbs. The "Rose" or Erysipelas can be cured by a person named by McElroy. When the disease is suspected most people in the parish visit a McElroy but our local McElroys do not practise. Mumps. Mumps can be cured by driving the patient in and out of a pigsty three times and having him or her wear an ass's winkers during the operation. Corns. Bathe the corns in water used in the forge for the purpose of cooling hot irons. Chilblains. (1) Forge water. (20 Onions (3) Bread Soda. Chest troubles of any kind can be relieved and often completely cured by eating garlic. Indigestion:- Drink solution of bread-soda and milk or water. Hic-cough:- (1) Sudden fright (2) Sugar or salt placed on tongue (3) Present sufferer with something not requested (4) Refrain from breathing as long as possible. Goose Grease is in great favour here for rubbing on swollen or sprained joints. Rheumatism (1) Sting with nettles. (2) Bathe with liquid remaining after sea-weed has been cooked in water (3) Sea water. Whooping Cough:- One bite from piece of bread on which butter and sugar or jam are spread cures whooping Cough if the bread is given to the patient by Mr Peter McQuillan, Canal (?) Dromisken.

Who-ever could say any of those oftenest without drawing breath won a challenge at a party or 'spree'
1. Three grey geese and three green ridges Grey were the geese, and green were the ridges" 2. "I put my foot in a bucket The bucket footed (or furled) me about". 3. "The cat went up the ladder with a lump of raw lard." 4. "As the ships left the shore the sight left my eyes." 5. "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled pepper Where's the peck of pickled pepper Peter Piper picked." 6. Sister Susie sews soft shirts for saucy soldiers"

Millown. When Mrs Mullroy was dying she left these charms to her son Michael Mullroy and he did wonderful work with the charms. People came from far and near to him to be cured and when he was dying he was giving those charms to my Grand-father and he would not take them.My name: Peter Murtagh,
Whiterath, Dromiskin, Name and address of man wo who told me the story John Murtagh, Whiterath

never borrow?
Ans. Thanks.What is it that goes over the water and under the water and it never touches the water? Ans. A sound. Michael Fitzsimons Killadoran Caddagh Mullingar. Got riddles from Peter Fitzsimons Killadoran Caddagh Mullingar.

In Lanmore are the following sub-townlands
Bun na Glaise, Bun Dorcha Cregg. Baile na t-Srutháin, Conarholtara, Ceapach. The Quarry Lanmore Proper. Bun na Glaise. There are two houses in this place the tenants of which are Peter Heraty and James O'Malley. Bun Dorcha There are two tenants here also Thomas MacGuire and James Hoban. There was another tenant there some years ago whose name was Thomas Tunney but his place is now the property of the above

who regardless or death or danger hurled free stones and bottles into their ranks. For a time the Irish were winning the day till their ammunition got exhausted. And we are told when gunner Mc Gee and his attendant Robin Gill of Edenmore fired the last shot out of the Cannon which was placed on a height over the battle field. The last mettle pan in the village was used for shrapnel. General Blake was fatally wounded in a hand to hand fight made his retreat along with his army to Crott Bog. Weakened from loss of blood he ordered his men to press on towards Granard. While he concealed himself in the heather. A man named Mulligan gave the Brave General a drink of spring water. But alas the Red Coats following up the retreat found out his place of concealment. And he was cruelly put to death. His remains were laid to Rest in Tubber Patrick grave yard. The Red Coats surrounded Rossduff Castle. Where a large number of Pikes were stored in readiness for the Battle of

Mulligan, Aughnacliffe and the ashes of the first corps
buried in the old graveyard was the first also to (be) reach the new extension.

Once there was a man whose name was McCarn, he lived in Aughnacliffe. One day he decided on the digging of a fort. After two days working they found an iron gate inside the gate was an iron door. They worked all evening to break the lock, but it was a failure. Next morning Mr Mc Carn said "I will increase the mans wages that opens the door first by 5% Mr Brady opened the door but he only found old broken cups and saucers, pans, pits and other things. When he went home that evening he said "I have opened the door, but the money is no good to me". Next morning he was found dead.

he could have found a method to keep Neddy in bounds and have his donkey and potatoes safe.

There are eleven houses in this townsland They are:Charles Purtill eight people
John Costigan ten ,, Simon Molloy three ,, John Molloy three ,, William Lynch two ,, John Power five ,, Michael O'Donnel six ,, Mrs. Boland five ,, John Hanrahan eight ,, Bill Hunt two ,, Walter Tynan three ,, Moyglass means the green plain. There are no old people in this townsland. The most of the land is boggy up around the school. Towards

Clanbrassil Street is I believe an old Irish title Hy- Brassil. It was adopted by Lord Roden whether they were entitled to it or not I do not know.Camp Street, really Cam Street or crooked Street. It has been connected with John Street they both were called Sráid Cam.
Linenhall Street has this name about forty years. Got it because of a hall in it for selling linen. Seatown really old Dundalk name. Trága Bhaile. All the people who spoke Irish called Dundalk Sráid Bhaile which is a corruption of Trága Bhaile. Castletown Road called by the old Irish speakers "An Clochán Caol". Defenders Row a street which I think is now demolished had a history. It was just beside the old Dundalk gaol at the back of the present Courthouse. It appears that after the "Wild goose Lodge tragedy there were many suspects lodged in Dundalk gaol. The governor was very kind to them. Those of who were released assisted the governor in building this row of houses and they called it Defenders Row. He was

75) The Buggans, a field up at Crickstown (?)76) Killameshan, a field at Cullaghan's, Bellewstown
77) The Grolla, a place at Mallawho ( Mallahow ?) above Garristown 78) The Scallernagh, a townland near Riverstown, Duleek 79) Crinch-a-Crann, River on New Long Road, Duleek 80) Ballywaltha, townland where McGuinness live (Dug (?) 81) The Clooney, a valley at Ardcath 82) Quallafina(?), a river on East Commons, Duleek 83) Slough, an old river on the Commons, Duleek 84) Chrishnalanagh, field at Carntown(?), Duleek 85) Tobeen, a bog at Garristown 86) Clonlusk, Taaffe's, Duleek 87) Skeharnagh, a place name over Downstown Rd. Duleek 88) The Mulla-dhu, field at Rathfeigh 89) Pullbrock, field at Rathfeigh 90) Lisafona - Gate at Macetown 91) Pullbuee (?), field at Rathfeigh 92) Killafakie, field at Ballyhack 93) Bohan, field at Danestown 94) Tuberskeen, Gilleen (?) - Well at Cushenstown, Duleek 95) Crucknahackna, field at Warrenstown College 96) Lagenna, field at Warrenstown College 97) Mouleywure, field at Warrenstown College 98) Boreen-a-Willa, a small road at Knockmark Church 99) Corewella, land beside Borrawaddy Road 100 Borrawaddy, Road Rathfeigh 101) Knockcommera, wood at Bellew, Rathfeigh

surnames. These later surnames had only come into use by the 11th century, since when they have had prefixed to them “O” or “Mac”, the latter usually unmeaningly curtailed to “Mc” or “M”,whilst nowadays both these prefixes “O” and “Mac” are often contemptuously thrown aside. The most numerous of these local Celtic surnames are:- O Driscoll, O Mahony, O Donovan, O Leary, O Keeffe, O Sullivan, O Flynn, O Lehane, O Casey, O Callaghan, O Haly (now Healy), Mac Carthy and O Daly. The O Cowhigs otherwise Coffeys, have now all but disappeared.From the 12th century to the Protestant Reformation period, the leading inhabitants of Cork city bore, for the most part, Anglo-Norman surnames, including the following still represented in the city:- Lavallin, Lacy, Walters (now Waters), Lombard, White, Russell, Fitzgerald, Barry, Terry, Tracy, . Tobin, Rice, Roche, Barrett, Cogan, Power, Sarsfield, Galway,, etc.; Such rare names as Goold, Skiddy, Coppinger being recorded as of Danish origin. Such old Cork names as Meagh (now Meade). Ronan or Ronayne and Morrogh are Irish, the latter being now transformed

During the days of the Penal Laws St. Peter's parish church in Drogheda was turned into a protestant church. The protestants did not want to have the holy water font there so they made three attempts to do away with it. First they took it and threw it away, next day it was back in its place, so they took it away and it was back in its place again the next day. They next filled it with cement and it would not set. It crumbled away so they had to leave it in its place and it is there ever since inside the door.In the same protestant church the bell was taken from the

belfry and thrown out in the grounds. The Archdeacon of St. Peter's Catholic church - Archdeacon Segrave got it and put it in the belfry of St. Peter's catholic church and it is there still. It is only rung on certain occasions.

Ratoath road at John Bate's and then passed up by Tommy Plunketts to Kilrue.The Slane Dublin road was started in 1808.
The engineer who had charge of the construction was a man named Bourne who, when he saw Killegland thought "I'll build a village here and be the cock o' the walk". He did, and in due course had a fine village. He lived then up to about thirty years and Mrs Donnelly remembers the family living in the house now occupied by Geraghtys.

The road in this district are mostly named after the places to which hey lead from Ashbourne.We say the Dublin road, Slane road, Milltown Rd and the Donaghmore Rd. Castle Street is an exception. As its name implies a castle that once overlooked the Broadmeadow river and this castle is shown on old maps though no trace of it remains at present nor have any of the oldest residents any recollection of its existence.
It was owned however by a man named "Segrave" who at the battle of Clontibret in 1595 engaged Hugh O'Neill in single combat which proved to be his last fight, for O'Neill stabbed him. Segrave was a man of giant stature. His castle was probably destroyed by Cromwell on his march to Drogheda. The Dublin road is the oldest in the district and originally it went through Killegland and joined the

Leath Ceathrama = Half Quarter,
extends from the lake shore, to the boundary line between the two parishes Boyle and Aughanagh. The point of Douris - a headland projecting into the lake, is flanked on one side by Jack's Bay and on the other side by Douris I have not been able to ascertain why the bay has been called Jack's". Both bays have been good for trout, being

assumed by their forefathers not many generations back, for some now inexplicable reason. Not to go beyond one small part of the county Cork we come across adopted names of this class, such as Collins, Higgins, Buckley, Kirby, Broderick, Forrest, Conway, Lawton, Savage, Corbet, Courtney, Lyons and Kidney. The latter is a name not known outside the County Cork, apparently thought by its originator to be a much better one than O Duane, for which it has been substituted’Still more recently we have other local changes of names of an opposite kind, the turning of historic surnames into supposed Irish forms for what reason no one knows but the parties immediately concerned in such linguistic transformation. Some former Irish authors have likewise distinguished themselves by discarding their father’s surnames, including the brothers John and Michael Banim, Hardiman, the historian of Galway, and Carleton the novelist. Nearer home our local historian spelled his name Windele instead of

Long ago there were not any national schools in this district compared to now a days. The schools that were out were called Hedge schools.There was a hedge schools in the village of Cloondahamper. The master that was teaching in it was Mr. Corrbut (Corbet / Corbett ?)He never taught any Irish. They wrote on slates with slate pencils. The pay he got was about ten or fifteen shillings a week. During the time they taught there they lived in the scholars houses. There were only a few scholars going to each school.
There was also another hedge school in the village of Cloonboo. Mr. Duffy was teaching in that school

possibly there was a hamlet or village in the old limes.West of Castletown we have Cahirclough and Derryclough - the fort of the stony ground and the end of the stony ground.
On the way to Charleville from Ballygran we meet Boherbee, Ardnacruha Ardaneerla. Boherbee - the yellow road Ardnacruha - the height of the hanging Ardaneerla - The height of the Earl - Broghill who possibly ordered much of the hanging There are two townlands Cappanahane and Cappananty Cappanahane means the place of the small streams Cappananty - the place opposite The people knew Latin then

This parish Ballygran was formerly called CorcomohideMo Ide called after St Ita of West Limerick
Béal Átha Grean - the mouth of the gravel ford. The ford was about a mile from the village across the River Maigue. West of Ballygran we find Gortroe and Gurteen, the little field and the red field. West of Castletown we have Rossmore - the big wood and east of Ballygran Rossbane, the white wood. Coolagown - the corner of the smith is west of Ballygran as is Ballyouliffe. The old people say this name is that of a Dane named Olaf who lived there. South of Ballygran we find Baile an Fhile. The poet was one Gorman. The old people quote some

crude verses of his.My duck sailed away by the purling stream
And went in great haste to the land of Cloonee 'Twas there she met lasses their hair it was plaited And with them she spent the best part of her day My duck laid a clutch for Peg Jones and Nell Burke Likewise for the Culls who lived in Cloonee Poll Jones and Nell Corbet and Cathrine Gorman And likewise Jack Falvey had some of the breed. The Culls mentioned here are ancestors of Eamon De Valera Taoiseach Eireann. They lived at Cloonee that time. Near Drewscourt (Baile an Fhile) we have a field Ard Buala. Now some old people insist that this was an old battle field - a lot of bones having been found in a gravel pit close by. Others say the name means simply the high milking ground. Near Castletown to the north of Ballygran we find Graigue where

watch.II
He is old enough to marry now, I think he is fifty nine, He wants a son to drive his cows, Who get will have his coin." McMahon died in the year 1924. He was sixty-two years of age. He is buried in Dooris (Dorrus) Kinvara, Co Galway. One day he was talking to children on their way to school, and he asked a slate of them. They gave it to him, and he wrote on it this verse The world is round, and it goes on wheels, And death is a thing that everyone feels,

There were no poets in this district formerly, but there was a wandering poet from Dooras, Kinvara, Co Galway. His name was McMahon. He made a poem relating to anyplace he was illtreated in. He made a poem about Michael Cunniffe, Cahergal Craughwell, because he wasn't intertained in it. The poem is as follows.In Ballymana there are nice people,

1.
We are a parish of Caheragh boys, From Tooreen and famed Lissane, Lissane it is my native land a ploughland long of fame Where Ireland's leading poets were reared and champions best of men that Erin could send on the field. 2. So now the morning is drawing nigh and I must be going away For the steamship waits at Queenstown gates for to take me over the sea I have id farewell to my acquaintances that lived near old Skibbereen All round by Ballydehob Kilcoe and Aughadown All round by Ballydhob Aughaville and Colomane Drimoleague rock Breadaugh cross Tooreen and Lower Lissane 3.

Church Road was one of the old military roads made hundreds of years ago. It leads on to Ballinamore in Co. Leitrim and to the West. The then Lord Cole it is told led a force of military that way to the Battle of Ballinamuck.The Mill Road so called from the Corn Mill built on it, leads out through the mountains to Glangevlin. The New Road which is the main road from Enniskillen to Cavan leads directly through the village to both towns and was made about 90 years. The men were paid from 6d to 8d a day and walked long distances to the work. At the time of the Famine the money allotted to Relief Works in the district was largely expended on cutting the hills in the old Coach road.
Some byroads in the locality were made about 70 years ago. In connection with the old coach road this incident is related. The famous Father Tom Maguire who helped O Connell in the Clare

'' Ford of the Biscuits '' is only about 6 miles away on the Arney river a tributary of the Erne.'' The Town '' Ford crosses the river Claddagh in the townland of Furnaceland near the village of Swanlinbar. It is largely used at the present time.
There are bye-paths and lanes in almost every townland in the parish. A path along the bank of the River Claddagh and connected with the church in the village is called the Mass-path and is still in use. In most of the townlands there are Mass paths and funeral passes. In the townland of Cornaga (Cornagran ?) there is a pass called '' the pass of the living and the dead. ''

the light jig, the heavy jig, reel, hornpipe, quadrilles and polka.
They were taught by dancing-masters, there were several of theses dancing-masters in the district. One of them was called Mr. Bohane. Mr Dan Hurley who lived in Claddagh, Drimoleague mowed 2 acres of hay in a day, the field belonged to Mr Paul Kingston and it is now owned by Mr Danny Cathy. Mrs Hurley (Mr Dan Hurley's wife) told me her husband commenced to mow the field at 6 o'clock in the morning, and when he had finished the 2 acres that evening, he said he felt as supple as he ever did in his life. This Mr Hurley jumped over the railway gates at the Mall, about a mile east of Drimoleague. His son Mr Timothy Hurley now lives in Carlow and is a noted athlete; he has won several medals and valuable prizes for running.

Sandeel Bay : contd. a thorgan is a pollock hook with strip of bacon-skin lashed on up at the head of the hook, tied again at the curve of the hook, and trailing a few inches longer than hook.
With cheapness and efficiency of the patent rubber eels, this thorgan and goathair 'fly' and the use of natural freshwater eels on the hooks, are almost obsolete. Woarawoy. under Houseland. A bay. Breachán Bridge. see 'Churches' page 97. About 20 years ago a ship named the 'Courtown Lass' (Capt. Massey) was lost on 'the Bridge.' Though the weather was not bad she became unmanageable here when beating up for the Hook against the wind. No lives were lost. The wreck was bought by Mr. Michael Fortune Slade. He made a good deal out of the sale of her waterproof coating (not copper). He had a motorboat to do the salvage work. (St?) Patrick's Bay. beside 'the Bridge.' Flagstones also got here.

Páirc Glas". "Felestrum field" and "Bullock field".
We do not know how these fields got their names. This farm has now a caretaker Michael O'Sullivan.

There is a big deep pond on Mr Irwin's farm Feenagh, called "Poll Dubh". It is so called because it is very deep and black looking.There is a wide turn between Kells and Mondellihy called "Cúinne Pedlar" It is said that there was a pedlar killed there in former times, and that is how it got its name.
The names of the fields in Murphy's farm Tullig are as follows "Páirc Amháin",

There is a big deep pond on Mr Irwin's farm Feenagh, called "Poll Dubh". It is so called because it is very deep and black looking.There is a wide turn between Kells and Mondellihy called "Cúinne Pedlar" It is said that there was a pedlar killed there in former times, and that is how it got its name.
The names of the fields in Murphy's farm Tullig are as follows "Páire Amháin",

There is but one fort in the parish. This is situated by the river more than a mile up from the village. It is of the circular earthen type and is surrounded by trees. The local people would on no account cut any part of those trees. If this were done they believe that the person who did "would never have a day's luck". The people firmly believe that there is a "fairy path" between this fort and the Churchyard in Temple Athea. The townland that lies between these two places is called Fairy Street.

One terrible stormy night around Christmas Mrs. Walsh Brittas, Inistioge made for Inistioge to do her shopping. When she was coming out of the town after her shopping it was very dark. With the light of Mr. Phealan's (Phelan ?) shop shining on the river she mistook it for the road. She walked into the river and was swept away by the great flood. About eleven weeks later while Mr. T. Delahaunty was fishing he saw a body on the island further down the river. Her son Michael Walsh recognized the body as that of his mother.

There is a stook in Rathealy on Mr. Holohan's farm. It is a big stone about six feet high.
There is another big stone in Dohney's (Doheny ?)field in the townland of Liss, in the parish of Tullaroan, Co. Kilkenny. It has the mark of five fingers on it. It is said that a giant threw it from the top of Sliabnamon. There is an under ground passage at Reimeen near Keating's gate. The road is never wet where it crosses it. Mr. Gaffney's grandfather went down twenty steps in the passage.

The only lime kiln I know is one belonging to Mr Dohney (Doheny ?). It is situated a mile from the village of Tullaroan in the townsland of Brittas.
Lime kilns are very useful to burn lime. First of all the lime kiln is made of stones and mortar. There is a big hole made in the centre. There is a big blazing fire lit. Then the wall is lined inside with yellow clay. Then it is filled with lime stone and some culm, and is left lighting for about twenty four hours. The lime is drawn out through a hole in the bottom. There is more lime stone, and culm put in again, and so on. The fire must be kept on lighting all the time.

This ass was tied both head and feet for he was well inclined
To ramble to Bill Doheny's where he often was confined But Brady with good management he lossened every knot Indeed with gentle patience he'd drive a snail to Cork, "Oh mercy boys" the ass replies "my case is bad enough" "Whatever side that I'll go at I'm sure of the lock-up" "Come hold your tongue your ragabond from you I wont take bail" Tis with the royal constables you know you know you have to deal I'll make your owner pay for you or I'll take no excuse. And while I'm stationed in Bawnmore your legs you wont get loose. My curse attend you Doheny likewise the peelers too I must go to the bog next week my sorrows to renew The next time that you leave Bawnmore may you not return There's not an ass in this district for you will cease to mourn We'll collect the goats and asses all and hold a grand review And may you not be in Bawnmore to hear the May cuckoo.

"Tom Proctor (he died about ten years ago aged 70) carried a sheep from the little paddock to their own yard (about a distance of about one hundred yards) in his mouth for a bet.""Dick Cahill of BallyLarkin carried twenty stone of wheat from Bally Larkin to the top story of the mill."
(The distance here would be about a mile - the mill now in Ruins - was five storey high) "John Longman was at the Fair of Tullaroan. He bought a sheep and when he came to Brittas Cross, he couldn't get the sheep to go the road he wanted so he caught the sheep by the four legs

and left it with £3.000,000.Another wicked landlord was Lord Pullock, near Glensk (Glinsk ?) . He lived in Lismanny. His wife eloped with a British Officer from Athlone Barracks. It was his custom to evict the tenants at Christmas. He caused the houses to be pulled down and the women and children to be thrown out in the ditches to die. It is said the road from Skyhard (Skehard ?) to the poorhouse was often strewn with dead.
Lord Leitrim was shot owing to his cruelty to the tenants. He pulled down on hundred and twenty houses in one day. His murderer fled to America, but made an open confession of the murder. "I shot Lord Leitrim", he said, "and I am not sorry

1. Vae morning a landlord was out hunting on Ballincurry farm and caught several fat partridge. He met a farmer who stood admiring the birds. It would take a good man to eat two of them together remarked the landlord. "a good man" said the farmer. "ill get a man to eat twelve braces of them together. The landlord was amazed and didn't believe it so they both bet their years earning. The farmer went to his friends and stated the case. He replied that he was after eating a calf but he would do his best. The birds were cooked and he never left a bit of the twenty four partridge.
2. A man from Glinsk ate the full six pint pot go stir stout for the bet of six pence.

pure spring water. Some men would fasten wood and make barrels and churns in which to churn the cream. These men were called coopers and there is a man in Glynsk in Co. Galway and he is still carrying on his trade. There was a nailer in Ballinlough and his name was Brennan. This made nails for the blacksmiths and for the shoe makers.

fair for sheep, cattle and horses, but in these small towns, they are all sold together, on the same day, but there is a special day for the pigs, every first Friday in Ballinlough, and Tuesday in Ballyhaunis. Cattle are usually sold in a large field, called a fair green, but in Ballinlough, they are sold on the street, which is great annoyance to the shopkeepers, fearing that they might, do some harm to the shop or break the windows.
When a man is preparing to go to a fair, he first feeds his cattle. Then he sets out for the fair. If he has a flock of cattle, he drives them, all together, but if he has only one, he puts a halter on her. When he reaches the fair, a buyer comes

Not far from our house in Rusheens was found a big stone with three little wells carved out of it last year. It was found by the workmen who were repairing the road at that time. There was a bend in the road and they intended to straighten it so they had to cut this bush under which it was found.When they tore up the roots they found one little hole and so on until they unearthed the big rock. It was the talk of the district and after it was found and people from Ballaghaderreen came to see it and take its photo. A few hundred years ago it is said there was a church called Killerikin in the field in which this holy water font was found. Many people did not believe that there was a church there but the finding of this stone convinced them.
Perhaps there were many other churches throughout

Ireland that will never be found and so would this one but for the accidental way it was found which proved there was a church there. This was the way that field got the name Killerikin.This field is owned by:
Mr Thomas Duffy (65) Rusheens, Kilmovee Ballaghaderreen, Co Mayo Written by: Marnie Duffy Rusheens, Kilmovee Ballaghaderreen, Co Mayo

I live in the village of Boughtiduff in the parish of Ballaghaderreen and in the barony of Costello.
There are forty houses in my townland and one hundred and forty people approximately. The family names most common is Regan and O'Donnell. About eighty years ago and at a still later date the houses were thatched with sedge and they contained one room and the kitchen. There was one very small window in the kitchen, while the entrance or door to the house was only high enough for the children to pass through without stooping. The chimneys were very badly made. At certain times of the day the smoke filled the house in such a condition that you could not see your finger. The end portion of the house was occupied by the cattle, while

old school house are still there.Henry Curry was a great walker. He used to walk from Belcarra to Ballaghaderreen a journey of forty miles with his pike on his shoulder. He became the lead of the Fenians in Connaught. The Fenians were a secret society. No priest would give them confession or communion. One day Henry Curry got sick and they sent for Canon Gibbons to anoint him but he would not go. Henry died and he was buried in Elmhall. There is a large monument over his grave and his name is on it on Irish.
Owen Vahey, Carrentubber (50) Owen Vahey, Carrentubber

arose and that was how she fulfilled her promise to the cowboy. St Movee was a brother to Saint Nathy of Ballaghaderreen and Saint Jude was their sister.When Saint Movee died he was buried in the old Kilmovee graveyard which was said to be in Carralackey, and it is said that when the present Kilmovee graveyard was made he was lifted and reburied there. This field is owned by Tom Caulfield, Carralackey, Kilmovee,
Ballaghaderreen

-greens and instead they held eight other fairs on the street. The fairs in Ballinlough are all held on the streets and (all) the two principal ones are on the 30th April and 30th October and in Ballaghaderreen on May Day and November day. For a long time there were four old fairs and eight new fairs in Castlerea and the old fairs were held in the old fair green up at the courthouse and the new ones on the street. The tolls or customs were paid to the Landlord Wills 1/= on cattle sixpence on pigs and sixpence or threepence on bonhams. This was taken up at the custom gap at the old fairs green and the toll for bonhams was taken upon the street. This was taken up by landlord Wills or by certain men he had for the job. This was given over to certain people of the town called the

St Attracta is the patroness of our diocese in Achonry. She lived near Lough Gara, she was very rich. She tried to make a passage or road from the land into the Island but this road was never finished.There is a beautiful well near Ballaghaderreen called St. Attracta's well.
It is surrounded by a nice wall. In this month a large crowd of people come to the well to pray and perform the stations. There is a procession from the Cathedral of (Ballymote) Ballaghaderren. The rosary is said and Bened

The local fairs are held in Loughglynn, Ballinlough, Castlerea, Ballaghaderreen, and Ballyhaunis
They are always held in town. There were fairs held formerly now discontinued. The fairs are held in fair-greens in Loughglynn, Castlerea Ballyhaunis and Ballaghaderreen. The Loughglynn fairs were discontinued for a long time up to last year. The old fairs were held in Castlerea on the 23rd May, 21st June, 7th August 7th November, but the dates were changed. It is between fifty and forty years now and the people thought that was not enough of fairs and they wanted one every month but the ones that had to pay the tolls would not let them into the fair

This tree grew in Patrick Frains land Rusheens Kilmovee, Ballaghaderreen. Once men were working on road near to where the tree grew. The contractor ordered the tree to be cut down, and so the men agreed. One of the men went home to his dinner and he told his father that he had

The name of my townland is Grallagh and it is a part of Fairymount. Before this Fairymount was joined with Loughglynn and it was changed from Loughglynn to Fairymount between the rears 1865 and 1875. The old register in Fairymount contains no name of any person in this parish because they are all in the Loughglynn register, so that any person looking for the pension must go to Loughglynn to get his age.Before this every child in the parish was christened in his own house and when the priest went home he would put the name of the child in his own register. If a person is looking for the pension he could get his age in the priests register.
It is said that long ago St. Patrick came into Connaught and that he stopped a while at Rathcroghan to convert the king and his chieftains. Then he came across to Fairymount and it said that he erected a church there. No ruins are to be found of this church but it is said that it was situated in the corner of a little field called, "Cillahoula." In this field there are still

I live in the townland of Parkeel in the Parish of Fairymount and the Barony of Frenchpark. Before this the parish was in the Loughglynn parish. When this change took place nobody knows exactly but it must be between the years 1865-1875.The proof we have of this change is the Parish Register. The old Register of Tibohine ends up in the year 1859. The mearing that separates the two parishes is below at Morans in Cloonfad and parish stretches all the way down to Breedogue and round about up to Morans again.
The parish of Loughglynn stretched up to Fairymount and up to Lisananny and round to Currinturpane (Curreentorpan) and the priest always lived in Loughglynn. When the children were born during that time no one of them were Baptised until the priest came to the house and he might Baptise seven or eight on the same day and when he went home he entered them in the Parish Register. The boundries of this village are to the west Eden and Fairymount to the north and Cloonfinglass to the east and Cloonard to the south. The land is of good quality but the farmers sow little tillage owing to the small holdings of land and therefore they sell nothing at the market. The land is very rich in limestone but sand is very scarce and if a p person was building a house he would have to go up to Ballinlough and if you had not your own cart it would be very

I know of three castles one in Ballyhowley, one in Mourneen, another in Brye. The one in Ballyhowley is in the best state of Preservation. They were built by the Danes. They were built about three centuries ago. When first the British or as they were called the Anglo-saxon, they distroyed all those castles. History records a great battle being fought at Ballyhowley, The British pitched there camp the night before on the lands of Maugheraboy but the Irish atacked them

Names of fieldsThe Black corner field. Long ago faction fights were very common in Ireland. Tradition says that about a century ago there was a fair in Moylough. Two men with ash plants followed another man to beat him. As they were on their journey they met a man who asked them not to do any harm. Just then they turned on him and knocked him with a blow of the stick. He was not killed instantly but he died from its effect. It is said that any one who knew where he was attacked can see the stain of his blood on the yellow clay.
The Cillineach field. The baptized and unbaptized children are buried there. It was also a burial ground for people who died of starvation during the famine years. Tradition says that some of the clay was taken from there to bless graveyards. Gort na Ladhair: So called because it is pointed like a finger. Ceap na spur. It gets it named because it had the

shape of a triangle.Gort Eilise. It got it name because there was a woman living there whose name was Éilis.
Gort an cúil Rúad. Because it is a heathery field. Heights. Cnocán na nGé. Because it was a hill where the geese loved to stay. The hill of the pigeons. So called because the pigeons stayed there in winter. The Rusán. So called because there is a fairy fort there and tradition says that there is a pot of gold hidden in it and that there is a fairy cat minding it. There is also another story told about it. One time there was a woman going to the market of Mount Bellew and as she crossed out by the Rusán she saw a man who asked her to care a baby. She did so and when she went in she saw a man behind the door crying. She asked the other man why was he crying. The man told her that when she would go home her next door neighbour

My grandmother Nora Griffin told me that a traveller used to sleep at Dan Griffin's in Skeheniinin (Skehenerin ?) Listowel. His name was Maguire. He used to tell old stories and the people of the place used to come to listen to him.

There was once a man named William Genaw and his legs never grew to him. He used to travel in a little car and he used to shove himself along with two stick. He used to play a fiddle and gather money. He used to go up to Baunmore and sleep there under a barrel at night.My grandmother Nora Griffin told me that there was once a woman named Máire Sheáin Bháin and she used to travel around from place to sleep in some houses. Nearly always she used to go up to Callaghans in Derha Listowel. At night she used tell stories and the people of that place used to listen to her.

It is said that spirits or ghosts were known to follow card players. One night there was a boy coming home from playing cards, he used to be playing every night and this night he was coming along the road and a ghost came on and walked along with him. The man went then in the fields to his home and the ghost followed him. He had a pack of cards in his pocket and he threw them in the field. When he threw the cards away he did not see the ghost but when he went in to his house the door got three terrible hard bangs and the man thought it was driven in. They took it to be the devil and from that day on he never played a card.There was a man named Mick Cronoge and one night he saw a ghost and he know who it was but he was not able to speak to him. He told the people belonging to the ghost what he had seen and to get mass said for him at that time and the ghost appeared again to the man and he went and told the people that

Killaspy - In 1842 this townsland and Ballnamona were severed from Kilmacow and added to Slieverue. In Irish Killaspy is called Cill Aspuig - the Bishop's Church. The church and graveyard have been destoyed long since, but their site is still pointed out close to Kilaspy House in Mr. Mc Grath's field, adjoining Walsh's land.Attateemore - This is a townsland in itself of little consequence, and yet it possesses no ordinary interest for all lovers of the history and ancient language of our country, in as much as it was here that the great Irish Scholar, John O'Donovan, Esq. L.L.D. was born in 1806.
Kilmurry - In Irish Kil Vuiggha - Cill Mhuire i.e. the Blessed Virgin's Church. The church and graveyard here as in Kilaspy have been obliterated but their site is pointed out as Kilmurry Cross Roads. Near it in "Lady Well Field" is a holy well dedicated to the Blessed Virgin and called Tobar Mhuire. Pilgrimages were formerly made here on Lady Day 15th August. Beside the well is Kilmurry Castle, a small and seemingly ancient building. It belonged of old

In old times there were numbers of travelling folk of all kinds who came regularly to our village. There were the Smith Brothers, famous fiddlers, the last of them that came was very old and blind and his sister used to lead him around. There was an old man named Mickey Coffey, a native of Old Bridge, Clonmel, who sang only Charles Kickham's songs and sometimes recited "Fontenoy". There was another old man called "Con the Bones" who sang comic songs and kept time with a pair of bones in each hand, which he rattled. Tony Reilly the broom maker who sold brooms made from heather which he gathered on Sliabh na mBan was also a frequent visitor to our village. The most frequent traveller in this parish is Johnny Fleming. He is a native of Ferrybank in the county Waterford. He travels through the county Kilkenny, Tipperary and Waterford/ He carries a canvas bag on his back with potatoes meat, bread, a pipe, glasses and books in it. He has a certain knot on his bag and if anyone interferes with it he will know. He is a very cross man and don't ever work. He carries news from every county, and thinks he is a great singer. He sings songs in every house and recites "Fontenoy". He hardly ever sits down.

Ballycarth Castle is situated to the North of the River Nanny and convenient to the villages of Laytown and Julianstown and has been the home of the Pepper family for centuries.
Following the capture of Drogheda by Cromwell his troops marched to Dublin after confiscating the lands of his opponents. Cromwell gave one of his officers authority to claim Ballycarth, where the officers proceeded, only having one day to locate the place before sailing to England. He started on horseback and on arrival at Swords his horse cast a show and he wanted to find a smith to show it. He asked his way of a man who appeared to be a half-wit, and during the conversation, he enquired where a man named Pepper lived. The supposed half-wit was a foster brother pf Pepper of Ballycarth and suspected the officer of being one of Cromwell's men - which meant nothing good for Pepper family. He therefore asked the officer which

About three quarters of a mile north of Mulhuddart there is an old ruin. It is situated in the old cemetery. It has stood there for many years since before the Cromwellian times. It was called St Marys Abbey. It is said that Cromwell blew down a portion of the church. In this church there was a murder. Some soldiers fleeing from a battle field were entrapped in a storm and took shelter in the church. Some of the neighbours of the village discovered them and murdered them. One of the murderers was Denis Comins (Comyns ?)whose descendants are still plentiful around the district. The murderers were hanged for their wicked deed. Some people say there is an underground tunnel running from the old church to Ashtown. It is said that it was built for the protection of the monks. Nobody has ever gone down into this tunnel because the entrance

tunnel which begins in Greenouge and runs out the way Milltown, and the soldiers of '98 used to seek shelter there also. There is an old cave around the churchyard.There are more ruins at Kilbride. They are the remains of an old church which was dedicated to St. Brigid. There is a castle over at Dunsockely (Dunsoghly) near St. Margarets. It is at present owned by the Miss Tyrrels. Long ago the castle belonged to The Plunket known as Earl of Fingall. The castle was besieged by Cromwell and there is a crack in the wall which was supposed to be make by a canon ball which was thrown from Killdonan. From the Plunkets we have 'Blessed Oliver Plunket'.

Where the present graveyard is now manny years ago there was a church where many people sheltered out of great storms. Many of them were killed in these storms. At the time of Cromwell he blew the Chapel down.
From Castleknock there is a tunnel runing to Mulhuddard. At Chalkhill there is also a tunnel from which a Woolshark appears on the middle of the road at eleven o clock each night. A couple of yards from the graveyard we have our Lady's Well to which many pilgrimages were held long ago and the people walked hundreds of

About three miles west-wards from Brittas, there are the ruins of an old Geraldine castle, which is situated in the town-land of Kilteel, barony of Naas, parish of Eadestown, and in County Kildare.
It is said that Cromwell's army passed by this place on their way to Waterford. It is also said that it was at that time, that they shelled the castle in Kilteel. At the back of the castle, there is an old grave - yard, but I cannot find out anything about it.

other, the seventh is supposed to have healing powers.
There was a man in Loughshinney (Loughshinny) his name was Ryan, he was called the bone-settler and people used to go to him when they broke their leg or arm, and he would settle them. There is an old cure for coughs; get a Spanish onion and slice it, put brown sugar on a slice and put another slice over it and make it like a sandwich, and leave it till morning and it will change into syrup and take a spoonful every morning.Collected from her grandmother who died 2 yrs ago - aged 78 Essie Fanning 23rd November 1937.

affected with it but Loughshinny. About twenty people died there. We are told that there was no time to make coffins. The dead had to be buried without them. My own great grandmother and grandfather were the first to die from it and their three children lived.

There is an old Norman Castle called Baldungan about three miles from Skerries. It was built by the Knights Templars of St. John and occupied by them. When Cromwell was marching from Drogheda to Dublin in 1649 he planted his cannon on the tree of Balcunnin and blew down the castle. Many of the inhabitants were killed and others are supposed to have escaped by a subterranean passage which led from the castle towards the sea and opens at the Smuggler's Cove on the Banks near the village of Loughshimney (Loughshinny)The Castle is owned by the Howth family and the arms 'a deer with antlers' are seen among the broken walls. The Patron Saint of the Dublin diocese, St. Laurence is supposed to have lived there for some time: however the family name of Lord Howth is St. Laurence.
There is a cemetery containing many ancient tombstones, surrounding the castle

it is only eighty feet high because Cromwell blew the top of it.There were two old mills in Lusk long ago that used to grind corn by water power. There was old miller who worked in one of the mills and he made up a bit of poetry about,
As I went in to Dempsys, The funniest thing I saw Was the master grinding corn And the miller tying straw

There are not many old ruins in the village of Lusk as in the time of the war they were nearly all blown down. The time that Cromwell was over in Ireland he blew down all the lovely old houses and Baldungan Castle and Graceadiew (Grace Dieu) Convent. There is an old ruin in Gracediew and the nuns used to live there. One day the nuns went away to Yunvey and when they came back the convent was burnt and when they were leaving it they said "Grace- Adiew" and that is how it got its name.
There is another ruin at the Kenure Graces- yard it was also a small Catholic Church built by a monk from Lusk monastery. There are the ruins of a round tower in Lusk and it stands at 100 feet high and the figure of St Macculinns head is at the top of it.

The time of the landlord dates back to the barbaric Cromwellian plantation. During that time Blunden was the first landlord to inhabit Tullahought. He got his possessions from Cromwell as he was one of his soldiers. He lived in Castle Blunden, the ruins of which are to be seen to day.
Hamilton Lawe succeeded the hateful Blunden. He lived in a castle where now stands Kilmacoliver House the property of Mr Phelan. He lived on good terms with his tenants, as he was not cruel like his predecessor - and he was also kind to the poor tenants. The next, and I

think the last landlord, was Ormonde. He occupied Garryricken House which is now the dwelling place of people named Lutterl (Luttrell) He lived on fairly good terms with the people.

Underneath the road to the golf links (Hermitage). There is a beautiful lake running through the estate.
There are about 300 acres on the demane some of which is let in grazing land. There is a very old house if you enter this house in the daylight you may see the shadows of the woman who lost her life there. The bricks and stones were obtained from an old quarry. It is a Norman Castle. When Cromwell came to Ireland, he passed through Clonsilla, when he discovered the castle he had one of his followers left to take it. This man was Sir Geoffery Lutterl (Luttrell) He had many sons and grandsons some of whom should have been declared the lawful owner, but they passed into the hands of the Plunkett family and has remained so until the present day. Long ago a good portion of Lucan belonged to the Luttrelstown estate. Lord Lutterl was very worried at this time as to how he could give the employment to the men. As he lay awake one night he thought if he had a mill it would help him, then a strange thing happened a man appeared to him, and said 'he' would

a lovely view of Howth and its beautiful heather. The glen road was made about the year 1849. Both of these roads are yet in use. It is said that Mr Doyle, and Mr O Brien, and Mr Carroll worked at the making of the Glen road. They had about one shilling a day for this dreadful hard work.
There is a ruin of a bridge in Mrs Mac Call's field, and it is called "The Lucky Bridge" because some years ago a poor woman was crossing this bridge and she saw a brown paper bag and it seemed to have something in it. The woman stooped down and picked it up, and in it she found a large sum of money. This bridge is not used now as much as it was in former years. There is a "mass Path" in a field near my house. It is said when Cromwell was here in Ireland the people in my district used to go along this path to hear Mass in a wood near by as he used to burn and destroy all the churches all over Ireland they had to hear Mass in some distant place Annie O Connor. I got this information from my Grandfather.

about five miles north of Swords. He came to a place called Graisedue (Grace Dieu) where there was a convent occupied by nuns. Cromwell murdered those nuns and I am told that their cries could be heard in Rome for mercy. He also burned the convent to the ground.The foundation of this convent is just barely to be seen this day.
Told by his father to; Matt McGuinness Belcamp

Tubbersool (Eye Well)V convenient to this place.
In centre of an orchard. Drains itself into another well situated along roadside. White thorn bush. Local tradition - Cromwell, when visiting Gormonston Castle (Gormanston) came to well and profaned it by washing his feet in it. He also allowed his horse to pollute well. The well dried up and remained so for many years. A priest visited the place some time after and blessed this well. Immediately the water returned and today it is overflowing. As in Balscadden- people use this water for eye troubles. Mr Howard living nearby supplied me with above information. He has it handed down from his grandfather dating back over 100 years. Same map as other well.

Knockingin
"The hill of the Skulls."Mr George Alexander Hamilton. Hampton Hall Balbriggan, has given the following notice of this very interesting spot as a result of his observation and inspection in 1840. Having obtained Lord Gormonston's (Gormanston) permission to explore the mound on his estate at Knockingin (Knocknagin)he had it opened and found it composed of small round stones with shingle from the sea-shore. The excavation were soon interrupted by a circle of huge stones which appears to have been placed around, but at some distance from the centre of the mound, and quite covered with or buried in shingles. Within this outer circle he found a rude platform of apparently beaten clay, but upon this an immense heap of buried human bones. As far as could be surmised, the bones were those of human beings of every age. In the centre of this circle was discovered a chamber constructed of huge flags, some

In the Famine Years the people of this area suffered more than any other people in the County. They were starving with the hunger, as they had nothing to eat, only yellow-meal-porage. They were dying in large numbers along the roadside. There are a great many houses levelled since the time of the Famine.
Tomas Asple, Galbally, Ballyhogue, Co. Wexford, has two ruins of houses on his premises, which were occupied by James Fardy, Galbally, Ballyhogue, Co. Wexford, and Matty Cody, Townfarney, Bree, Enniscorthy, Co. Wexford during the Famine years. The potato crop were all black by the blight when they were dug by the people. The next year the people had no seed to sow and the Government had to supply them with seed to sow.Told by: Mr. M Shannon, Galbally, Ballyhogue Written by: Peter Shannon, Galbally, Ballyhogue

mar a deirim-se leat. Nuair a raghair go dtí a thig , agus nuair a fhiafróchair cá bhfuil do mhac , déarfaidh sé "gheobhair é má aithnígheann. Agus sé an tslíghe a tabharfar chughat é ná i bhfuirm colúir agus é bacach. Beidh dhá cholúr eile ann, agus ní bheidh siad ssan bacach i n-aonchor. Má fhearfruigheann sé díot cá bhfuil do mhac féin abair gurb é sin é ag poinnteáil ar an gcolúr bacach. Ghaibh sé a bheidheachas leis an iasgaire,agus d'imthigh sé go tig gabhann na gcleas. Chuir sé tuairisg a mhic ar an ngabhainn, agus dubhairt sé "gheobhair é má aithnigheann tú é." Thug sé chuige na dtrí colúir agus ceann díobh bacach. " Sin é é,ar seisean, ag poinnteáil ar an gceann bacach. ." Siné é , arsan fear eile,agus is mór an preab a fuair sé. Ní foláir nó gur stiúraigh duine éigin annso thú ,"Bheir sé na colúir thar nais chun an tseómra , agus do scaoil sé amach an mac. D'imthigh an mac abhaile le n-a athair , agus n'fheaca gabha na gcleas ,ó shoin iad.

there to be seen, and people come from all over the country to see it. They come also to see the big window and the vaults and the graves of our Irish heroes.
There was a tree near Ennis Abbey and Mr. Lyons wanted to cut it. He was told not to cut it because there was monks buried under the tree. He cut it and a few days after his son was drowned beyond near the Club-house bridge. Ennis Abbey was one of the finest Abbey in Ireland. Clare Abbey. It was founded in the 12th century by the Franciscans, and it is still standing almost perfect to day. It was built on the bank of the River Fergus, near the Limerick Railway line. It was built by Donncadha O'Brien. It was enlarged by the Creaghs. This is a verse ingraved on a tomb as follows:

Clare is very rich in ruins of Abbeys which are chiefly around Ennis.
There are three around Ennis which are; blare Abbey, Ennis Abbey, and New Hall. Ennis Abbey; It was founded in the 13th century and was owned by the Franciscans. It was built by Donncadha O'Brien, King of Thomond, in the year 1140. Many great Lords are buried there. It was enlarged by the McNamaras at various times. On the left, facing the altar, is the royal tomb of the breaghs carvings of the Passion are on it and the soldiers are dressed as Irish Gallowglasses. The friars lived peacefully in Ennis Abbey until the time of Queen Elizabeth. During her reign they to leave it, and it was used as a court-house until the beginning o the seventeenth century. The ruins of the Abbey are still

the patron saint of the Parish of Muckno. The church which was an Augustinian foundation was established as the Parish "Reformed" church by the Blayney family, until the building about the beginning of the 18th century of the church, the ruins of which can be seen in the Protestant graveyard. Across the lake from the Mullandoigh is the point known as "Belfast Steps"
During the reconstruction of the Castle after the Napoleonic Wars Andrew Thomas Lord Blayney lived in a house near Mullandoigh. Being in delicate health he was averse from receiving visitors, and whenever an importunate visitor called he instructed his butler to say he had gone to Belfast: stepping into his boat he rowed across to the steps which became known as the "Belfast Steps". In Cornalise (?) wood near the Steps are the ruins of an old fortress of the MacMahons.

The story goes that the defender of the fortress who bore the family name of Heber [?] was hanged from the tree whose branches now grow over the walls. In what war this happened I do not know exactly.
The story also tells that at the approach of the English an old nurse ran down to the lake-shore with the chiefs' two sons Éoin agus Art, Putting them in a wicker basket no curragh she pushed it out into the current and returned to the fort. The little curragh drifted to the opposite shore. Thus it is said the two townlands of Annyóin and Annyart got their names.Tradition says that at the same time MacMahon's treasure was rolled down the hill and into the lake for concealment. There is also a tradition that secret passage runs underneath the lake between the fortress and monastery of Mullan Doigh. An old man told me that

The story goes that the defender of the fortress who bore the family name of Heber [?] was hanged from the tree whose branches now grow over the walls. In what war this happened I do not know exactly.
The story also tells that at the approach of the English an old nurse ran down to the lake-shore with the chiefs' two sons Éoin agus Art, Putting them in a wicker basket no curragh she pushed it out into the current and returned to the fort. The little curragh drifted to the opposite shore. Thus it is said the two townlands of Annyóin and Annyart got their names.Tradition says that at the same time MacMahon's treasure was rolled down the hill and into the lake for concealment. There is also a tradition that secret passage runs underneath the lake between the fortress and monastery of Mullan Doigh. An old man told me that

There are several Raths in our townland.
In the townland of Ballydavis, there are five Raths. The names of them are:- bháile - datha Rath, Nevells (Neville ?) Rath, Madams Rath, The Pit Rath, and Skeleton Rath. Some of them are in a high mound and the others are in a circle. Madam's Rath has a circle of white thorn bushes around it. At one time, about sixty years ago, a young man named Roberts cut a bush in it, and when the bush was half down, he lost his memory. He went around everafter as a fool. The bush is still there in the position growing. Music was also heard in it, and queer voices were heard also. A gray horse used to gallop

Momps (Mumps) In the Rosses and the Point, there is a cure for the momps. If a person has the momps they may go to a certain Gillen family who will bring them by a halter to Tobair Thorann in Punti Bog field and they have to drink three times In the name of the (fall) Father and of the Son and the holy ghost. The people who have the power, Thier parents must be of the same name and thier people must have been always belonged to the place or the townland, which the well is in. Gillans for the Upper and Rosses Point. Gillerlanes in the Lower Rosses. The well in the Lower Rosses is called Tobair bliag (?)
Straining Threads A man in Cregg has a cure for a strain on the ankle, he

Cregg Rock in Wilsons field, supposed to have been thrown by Fihn Mac Cuahal, There was another Ancient rock in Punti Bog field which was in various shapes it was blown away by dynamite.

In Annagap:- - The Mullen Field
In Annaglough:- - Turk hill In Annaglough:- - The strandIn Rackwallace:- - The scraw In Annaglough:- - The row In Ardaghey:- - Margaret's bottom In Rackwallace:- - Lamb's field In Annagap:- - Goats' brae In Moyles:- - Goats' brae In Lisleitrim:- - Nell's field

The main road from Dublin to Derry passed through the town of Monaghan and followed the site of the old road that leads past Lambs' Lake, through Errigle, Mullnacross and May, across the Blackwater into Aughnacloy.It left the town over Pound Hill, Gallows Hill, through Tirkeenan to the north of Aughanimimy Lough, past the old parish chapel through Ballynagaul, Drumkirk, Cornass (where the present Castleblayney crosses it.) and passed over Carrickanoran hill into Tullycorbet church until it descends from Drumroosk into Clontibret and so on into Castleblayney.
These old roads were not suitable for coaches - they were really public paths, that travelled up hill and then down - so wherever they crossed steep hills changes were made. The coach from Derry to Dublin did not come into the town of Monaghan, but ran from Castleblayney to Aughnacloy following the rout of the present road from Castleblayney to Castleshane, through the main street of the old town of Castleshane, which ran from where the castle stood to where the roads from Blayney and Rackwallace meet for Monaghan, then to the right of the present road, close to the fair green

There are two graveyards in this part of the parish of Glounthaune. One in Caherlag and the other in Little Island. The one in Caherlag is in the townland of "Baile na Rúin" and the other is in the townland of Wallingstown. Those two are being used yet. The ruins of an old Monastery and church known as Saint Lapans Church still stands in Little Island beside the graveyard. The churchyard in Little Island is level and the one in Caherlag is sloping northwards. There is a little grove of trees round the graveyard in Little Island. It is said if you pass Caherlag graveyard about eleven o clock you would hear a funeral passing inside the wall and people crying, and if there was a funeral during

There was a landlord in my district long ago, he was called Mr. ODonnell. He used collect the rent from the tenants and when they used be paying it he used charge them more than what they should pay. He used have an cross in his hands and he used make them put five shillings extra into a hole which was on the top of the cross. Anyone who had not the money he used put them out of their houses and land until they would pay the rent. When anyone wanted a new house he used make them at the brink of the bog. He lived in Cappadavock, where the Browns are living now. He ruled over all my district from Poldorougha to Claddagh. The people of my district did not like him because he used make them pay more than what they should pay or if they did not he would evict them.

This parish comprises the district of Killodiernan, Monsea Dromineer and Knigh. It is situated in Lower Ormond. The parish of Killodiernan contains 3,476 acres. In 1837 its population was 1,348.
Monsea parish is situated chiefly in Lower Ormond, part of it is in Arra. Monsea in Irish is Mong Saoi which means a soft, uneven surface. The old church in Monsea is about 400 years old. It is built in the reign of Henry VIII. Dromineer. The name is derived from Druim Inbhir, which means a ridge at the mouth of the river. The old church of this parish was built a very long time ago. It was probably built by the head of the McGrath clan in the 11th century or 900 years ago. It was built of very large blocks of granite and slate stones got on the margin of Lough Derg. The castle of Dromineer is not old. It belonged to John Cantwell. It was not built by the O'Kennedys. Near Dromineer castle is a small ruined church which must have belonged to the Cantwells. The Cantwells were Anglo-Normans. Knigh The Irish word for Knigh is 'cnó' which means 'nuts'. The church of Knigh belonged to the Cannons regular

The Augustinian Cemetery (said to date back to foundation of Abbey in 1348) burials still take place there. Several historical families buried there including MacCostellos, Dillons and O'Garas (decendants of Fergal O'Gara the patron of the Four Masters) Some inscriptions in Latin, one in Irish on tombstone of Anne Lyons, Alias Fitzmaurice, who died on Dec 20th 1837 Ta me sinte anuidh san cre
Bhidh me a chairde air an tsaogal mar thee. Guidh orm anois, ar onoir Dé, Agus na Luig me ó flaithis aig dul amui

Any number of children can play this game. One of the children has the ball and turns her back to the others. She throws the ball over her head and the children try to catch it; if they do not catch it they shout Queenie etc who has the ball?" And she turns around, if she finds out who has the ball she gets another chance, but if she does not find out the one who has it becomes "Queenie" and throws the ball over her head also. If one of the other children catches it they shout "Cought ball" and she goes up and the game continues.Maureen McLoughlin
19 St Lawrence Rd

were the first people to live in the lane. Parnell Street bears its name from the late Parnell, who is now dead. Abbey Street got its name from the ruin of an old abbey which was there long ago, and is there at the present day. O'Connell Street got its name from a famous Kerry-man named Daniel O'Connell. The Clare people voted for Daniel O'Connell, and were then evicted out of their houses. The College is a very old building. The mills is also another old building. The river Fergus flows through Ennis. Drapery is the best business trade now-a-days. Clon Road got its name from the Irish word "Inis Cluain Rámh Fhada," which means "the island meadow of the long oars."
Ennis is the principal town in County Clare. There are five streets in Ennis, Parnell Street, O'Connell Street, Carmody Street and Bindon Street. There are many ruins of churches, schools and abbeys in

One Spring morning on the 4th of March 1917 a fleet of fishing boats left Loughshinny harbour to shoot lines. One of the boats called the "Pat and Jack" was late out. A breeze suddenly sprang up. All the boats got in before the breeze got too bad except the Pat and Jack. The breeze became a gale. Men on Loughshinny harbour were all watching out for the boat. They could not see her coming. They said she must have gone down. It was supposed that her rudder broke. She was lost seven or eight miles off Lambay. The name of those lost are John Dockrell and his son James, John Corr, his step son Peter Matthews, and his son in law George Ferguson.

One time a woman called Mrs McVae (McVeigh) was having her tea, a gentleman called Pat McShane came into the house. When she had finished her tea she poured out a cup for Pat in her own cut without washing it. He did not like the idea of drinking out of the same cup as her, so he took the cup in his left hand thinking that she had drunk out of it with her right hand. Mrs McVae saw him, so says she "I see you are left handed like myself".

There came a man down from the Glen one time. His name was Garrient Hitlen. He was looking for a wife and he got one in Renney and her name was Mary McShane. So they arranged for the wedding. My grandfather was best man. All couples had to be married in Dungloe. They had to walk all the way. He was lame. So he got the loan of a caster hat from old Adam (?) Morrow.

There is a fort in Lisnakeeney and it is Lios-na-Caoinigh - the fort of the crying because some years ago when a funeral occurred they commenced crying from that fort to the graveyard.In that same fort when a man was coming from playing cards. He was going by he saw a crowd of cats around crock of gold. A week after that as man named McShane was going to the fair of Ballybay. He met a fairy on the road with a red cap on him and a red coat and a pair of boots and turned up toes in them. He asked him where was he going and he said he was going to the fair. The fairies asked why was he troubled about the fair. He said he was very poor and he had to get some way to support his wife and family. Come up to Rountrees fort and you will get a crock of gold among a crowd of cats. Do not be afraid and go into the fort lift the crock of gold. And take it off with you.

About forty years ago there was a famous man called Frank McAdam. He was a great poacher. He would go into the wood and he would wear his boots on him back ways. The gamekeepers could not catch him. He would catch bags of rabbits and pheasants and sell them through the country.
Terry McShane was a great fighting man. One 12th of July he was in Ballybay. He met a crowd of Orangemen and they were playing drums. He took the drums off them and kicked them into the ditch and beat them all because they called him names. John Henry Murhead (Muirhead ?) Tonagh was a poet. He is still alive, but does not make poems now. The last poem

Glin Castle, as it stands majestically on the bank of the lordly Shannon, surrounded by the woods of the Desmonds, arouses the keenest interest in even the most stocial (sic) person. As is known to the world, the Knights of Glin are now Protestants but that was not so once.The Fitzgeralds were most ardent Catholics and had a room in the palace specially set apart for the celebration of the Holy Mass every morning. One morning as the Concreation (sic) was about to take place, the Chalice, without any cause fell on the altar. Lady Fitzgerald was much disturbed, knowing the accident was the foreshadowing of some unexpected misfortune.
Later in the day the son and heir to the Knightdom arrived home after being visiting in England,

and other ancient warning articles. This is quite possible as the famous battle of Clontibret was fought there and the English were forced to flee before the great warrior, Hugh O'Neill, leaving their fighting material behind them.

of older days This house was errected by Mr Patrick Fealy. Under this house is a secret tunnel leading to a cave somewhere in Hall St., where endless valuables of gold and silver and many, articles of armour lie buried A sword, owned by this hated man and bearing his name, is now in the possession of James Arnold (Junior), Ballybay. Sam Grey's inn was marked by a signboard of fame, and has been referred to many times to those people, who run with the hare, and hunt with the hounds. On the signboard was a picture of King William crossing the Boyne on a grey charger, the same drawing was on each side, this picture was known through out the county at that time.Clontibret, too us supposed to be rich in real treasures swords, javelins spears

farm of Miss Ann Treanor Ballybay It was supposed to be buried by one of the Leslie family in Penal days, lest it should be stolen from the Castle It was sent to the Dublin Museum and hundred pounds was paid for it.Again the Cromleck at Carga, is supposed to contain the remains of an old Irish Chieftain of early years, who willed his sword, spear, and valuables to be buried with him. Tradition says this was done and the Druids cast a spell over it so that anyone interfering with it would meet with some grave disaster. Dread of this fate leaves the Cromleck untouched, and the valued treasure untouched by curiosity hunters
Here in Ballybay stands a new structure over the dreaded tavern once owened by Sam Grey a dreaded miser and murderer

The Folklore collectors have been hunting for some time and by now must have amassed quite a collection but as some parts of the island have contributed nothing it is hoped through the efforts of school children to enlarge on present store
Hidden treasure may be in the nature of rhymes, riddles, or old teaching stories, that is, those with a moral, such as the "The Little Red Man and the Ragwort" or "Whang the Miller" Again, it may be valuables buried by some miser or half wit Around Ballybay many stories of the latter type are told, but as to their accuracy, none but the aged pensioner can verify I've heard of a golden Gorget or Torc that was uneartheed in Knappagh Grounds - the once

Hedge Schools in Ardcath Parish.Arranged by John and Christopher Hand, Cloghan, and collected from R. Dunne, Rath, 90 years of age.
The old school at Cloghan was a two roomed building about 50 feet by 17 feet. The larger room, to the west, was the school room and the smaller which was rather dark was called the ward room. The building was stone and mortar with a thatched roof and clay floor. In 1824 the master was George Fleming R.C. Pay school salary £25. There was a Leonard endowment of 6 guineas and a Boylan endowment of 6 guineas. (20 boys - 15 girls in rolls). In 1835 the school was kept by Christopher Domigan. Salary about £5 and payment from children amounting to about £9. Pupils were taught reading, writing, arithmetic and catechism. Larry Hattan (Hatton ?) was afterwards teacher there. He lived in Tankardstown and came across the fields every morning up Larry Dowling's lane. the children had recreation in a small plot of land at the back of the school. There was a fire grate i the large room, some desks - one large one with drawers. Some pupils paid as much as 3/= per quarter and all had to buy their own books. About 40 pupils attended in 1860. Inspectors came now and then. the school was removed to Ardcath in 1865.

Once upon a time there lived two men named Jack the fool and Jim the wise man. They had a very small farm and Jim worked on it and Jack used to work around the house. In those times porridge was all the food that used to be eaten. This day Jim went out working and he had a long distance to go and he told Jack when the porridge would be boiled to bring it out to him. So Jim told Jack to secure the cows well while he would be away and not to let them stir. Jack was a fool and when he was going out with the porridge to Jim he cut the legs off the cows and said 'now ye wont stir anyways' When he was going it was a very fine day and the sun was shining in the sky Jack saw his shadow on the ground and he though it was a man coming after him for porridge and he kept throwing a spoonful to his shadow, and when he reached Jim he had no porridge left

The other Protestant manageron getting the farm built a gentleman's residence. When building the house he always said he "was building a home for a wise man" as the family though large would squander all his hard earned money. He had seven sons and he got farms for five and two became doctors. After building his house he got the better of evicting eight or nine families and grabbing their lands so his farm consisted of about 240 acres of good land. Evictions continued and he grabbed the lands and built a house for another son close by. When the house was finished he named it "Liberty Hall". He built another house close to Ballina. He settled another son about 2 miles north of the town of Crossmolina

a woman near by fell ill. No one could cure her unless they got three drops of blood from the wizard. They decided to give a wise man that was in the town a trial to kill the wizard. After some time the wise man found out a plan to kill the wizard. When he had the wizard killed he got the drops of blood and sprinkled them over the woman and she was cured. The children were set free and all the people were happy again.

it was, and wise was he that did it. Let no more know that knows it not. But no more do it." No one could understand it only the guilty soldier.

Every child of today wears shoes or boots. In the summer the children go barefooted but in the cold weather they wear boots and stockings and warm clothess. Corns are very disagreeable in the summer. Corns are small little black things like thorns but are very sore when they are getting large. Everybody has not corns. Some people pare them. I never heard any stories concerning the water that you wash your feet in now as there were long ago.Ellen Teggart of Kilnavart never wore shoes or boots but went barefotted. But she was always complaining that her feet were very sore. Long ago the people never wore shoes and if they did they were made from cow skin untanned.

Between Monagh and Marymaount there lived a man named Pad Dooley or as he was called "Red Pad". He had a wife who was a dashing good looking young woman, Near their home there was a rath, in the vicinity of this rath she went to milk her cows each day. A change seemed to have come on the woman and she became a fault finding grumpy old crone. Red Pad soon noticed the change and hastened to consult a wise man and asked for help to get bask his wife. The wise man using his magic art told Pad; at a certain hour on a certain date a procession would pass through his kitchen. The way he would know his wife would be this; she was to go

Composed by O Rourke, N.T, Drumhollowan, Cloone, whose son, Patrick kept the Central Bar, Ballinamore. Part of the inspiration came from the Central Bar. Mr. O Rourke, the poet, made many fine poems. He was one of the best local poets for the past 80 years. He was born about 18.. and died 19..
I hope to get a few more of them His grand-daughter, Mrs. Peter Gallagher teaches in Druim Duibh Thír School, 3 miles from B'more and lives in Ballinamore.I Ye jovial tourists who seek the purest And grandest scenery in the land, Pray pay attention whilst here I mention A mode of travelling which will suit you grand. II Not the motor I'm going to vote for Nor the premier cycle though all the rage But my advice is whatever the price is Go buy a ticket on the Narrow Gauge III Just travel by it, it will take you quiet, The best company you're sure to meet, Of donkey dealers and fowl retailers From Church Lane, Canaboe and Chapel St. IV Now grand Directors, and Line Inspectors, And local Pressmen so cute and so sage, All travel gratis-you know what that is While others must, pay on the Narrow Gauge. V Oh: nature's charms in all her forms All along the line will enchant the view St Caillen's gander saw nothing grander When round through Wicklow all alone he flew. VI Moore's Lalla Rook is, (a beauteous book 'tis,) With blooming, flowered on it's every page. For Shearon's roses can't match the posies That decked the borders of the Narrow Gauge. VII Green hills and mountains, clear rills and fountains With the placid lakes. There are hills between Monastic ruins, the wicked doings Of cursed Cromwell and the Virgin Queen VIII Historians tell us what befell us In the ancient times, persecution's age Ere people spoke of a locomotive Or knew the comfort of the Narrow Gauge IX Going to Dromod there are still some would Prefer to sit behind Dooner's grey If to Belturbet they'd surely spurn it. The old brake

It is said that John Freeman of Castlecor was landlord of Ballybahallow. He was a good man. He could take three men from the gallows each year. He went by the title of Counsellor Freeman. Daniel O'Connell said to him, when he arrived in court at the famous Doneraile Conspiracy trial. "Freeman you are a free man.
A local stone-mason named "John " the man" Sheahan was convicted for some agrarian trouble, and was actually on board the convict ship at Queenstown, bound for Van Diemen's Land. Freeman got him released. Next harvest when Freeman's corn was ripe "John the man" led 100 men and 100 women to Castlecor and cut and bound all the corn in one day. Kanturk

There was a boy living in Carrickavoher named Paddy Reilly in the house where James Lee Carrickavoher, Aughavas Carrigallen Co Leitrim now lives. He owned a farmer of land there.One Spring's day in the year 1847 he was standing in the stable door, after feeding his horse, when he saw a young girl of about seventeen years of age walking by the road towards Mohill, and she was staggering. He wondered who she could be or where she was going: for he thought to himself she was very weak and probably from hunger.
The House he lived in stood about six perches from the road; and the bushes now and again hid the girl from his view. In order to satisfy his curiosity he walked down the lane to the main road and looked in the direction of Mohill The girl had passed the lane a few perches: He then saw her again and noticed that she gave two or three quick and high steps and feel against the ditch (mound fence). He ran to her. She had fainted. He lifted her and carried her to his house. His mother was unwilling to let her in at first, But he insisted saying, "What are we going to do with her"? His mother took good care of her and nursed her back to health. In six weeks she was strong again and able to go home again to her

parents, that lived in Drumhaldry in the Parish of Dromard, Co Longford. It was afterwards found out, that this girl had some times previous left her home to look for work, and when she got too weak with hunger, and got no work, she was either unable or ashamed to return home again.However young Paddy Reilly could not forget the girl whose life he had saved. As times improved her looks improved also. Three years afterwards he married her. They had a family of six daughters. When these girls were growing up Paddy Reilly employed a journeyman shoemaker to make shoes for them. One morning when the shoemaker was leaving, after having shoes made for all the family, he asked Paddy Reilly. "Is there any man in this neighbourhood who has a good deal of money" "Indeed there is", says Paddy, "Old James Woods there above on the Rock has plenty of it" "Very well" says the shoemaker, "I will work for him now. But I will go to Mohill today." He went to Mohill, and swore informations before a Magistrate, that Paddy Reilly conspired with him to rob James Woods of Carnekavoher (?) That night Paddy Reilly was arrested and tried and sentenced to twenty one years transportation in Van Diemen's Land. He was kept there for fifteen years

Daly was late in arriving , and when he came he was asked by Goff for his gun. Daly refused and said he knew how to load his own gun. Goff drew a pistol from his pocket, but Michael O'Dalton intervened , and they started for Tintern Bks . When they arrived there they took up their positions
Goff gave the order ( but not a shot was fired ) the powder in the guns had been dampened . They were immediately surrounded by a band of about fifty " peelers " . All were captured except Daly, who broke the cordon of " peelers " . after firing at Goff . The ball went through his hat . Daly made his way to Boley, Ballycullane , and slept there ( for a long time ) under the shadow of a rock . which is known to this day as Daly's rock . All the others were arrested . tried and transported to Van Diemen's land . The land owned by Daly is now in possession of the Rochford family, Ballygarvan, New Ross There is still living in the district a grand-nephew and niece of Michael O'Dalton . Michael Daltōn was a carpenter by trade He was also a poet and there is still living in the district bits and scraps of O'Dalton's songs . One is to be found further on in this book . O'Dalton received his education from an old hedge- school - master named O'Rahilly buried in Ballyhack .

Collected by W. Maher
Glassdrum. Cappawhite. Told by Wm Maher Cappawhite. One night when a man was coming home from Thurles as passing at Bell Well he heard a horse galloping behind him. He went slow in the way the horse would get up to him. When he came to Ironmills the horse he heard behind leaped into the air and he could not hear the horse again. date of occurrence 1898.

The symptoms of this disease are 1. A large swelling usually appearing on the underside of the animals body or in a leg and (2) if the finger be pressed on this swelling a small dent or hollow will remain for some time after the pressure has been removed. Thomas Casey, Ballydavid, Littleton, Thurles, cures this disease by prayer and holy water.

placed his name and an apt quotation "He whose virtues deserved a temple, scare now commands a stone"When the curtain fell at the Commons and the forces were scattered, Leyne and a few others enjoyed the hospitality of Clonoulty people and their clergy and when in 1848 (May) they attempted to escape they fell into a trap. Making for Cashel but not knowing the country they went astray and found themselves before day break held up by a police patrol at Rathcannon Barracks. They were arrested, sent to Kilmainham and late to Clonmel for trial.
Leyne was released following the trial - there not being sufficient evidence against him but his two comrades were transported for life - O'Donohue & T Francis Maher - neither ever seeing again the island of their dreams. O'Donoghue died in New York in 1864 and Meagher was drowned in the Missouri in 1861, both having escaped to America from their Convict Settlement.

In St. Mary's Church yard, Thurles, to the left as you approach the Protestant Church, stands a little stone some three feet from the clay, with a six inch iron cross on its apex, now rusting to decay. The only evidence to give you the identity of the sleeper is the inscription "In this grave are deposited the remains of Maurice Richard Leyne who died Aug 29th 1854"Lane who was grandson of Dan O'Connell was born in Tralee and was educated in Carlow College where he had a class mate Richard D'alton Williams and James Fintan Lawlor.
In early manhood he became tired and weary of the ceaseless torrents of ineffective talk of the Liberators and sided against his relative by joining the Young Ireland Movement. For Leyne this was a heroic sacrifice. He was all through the '48 trouble round the hills of Ballingarry. Over his grave in St. Mary's 1875 was according to HM Sullivan a simple slab on which some kindly hand had

he refused it he hit it again and three coins fell out. The jew man said that he would take it at £200. Donald O'Leary went home and was counting his money on his chair. Hutton and Dutton peeped in through the window and saw him counting the money, they asked him where did he get it he told them he skinned his horse and sold the skin for £200. Hutton and Dutton went home killed their own horses and skinned them and went to the fair.
It was a very warm day and there was not a fly in the town but were on the skins. The police had to take the skins and and burry them. Hutton and Dutton went home intending to kill Donald O'Leary but when they reached his house Donald O'Leary was gone.

There were three high way men who lived in Coosan Long ago near Athlone. Named Hutton and Dutton and Donald O'Leary.
They had a horse each and used to work for one another. Hutton and Dutton said that Donald O'Leary's horse was too old and was killing theirs. They went one night and killed O'Leary's horse. When O'Leary went out in the morning and found his horse dead in his stable. He said nothing but dragged the horse out and skinned him. He had six sovereigns and went to a fair to sell it. He got upon a box and said it was composed of gold. He hit it with a stick and a coin rolled out. A Jew man offered him £100

Ann and Mary Hutton, two old ladies who lived in a one roomed hut on "the Green" and were champion knitters, never wore boots, they went everywhere (cos-noctaithe.

Carlow men. It was near the factory. Their names were Patrick Hutton of Gramby Road, William Darcy of Brown street, and John Carey of Tullow Street, Carlow.

eyes and in the distance your cries will be heard, for you know not. You know not my name is Tremion but remember you are going to forget the name Tremion. Off you go now to Croghan to the fairies there". When he arrived there and met the man to whom he was sent both he and the mare got a great welcome. He christened her there and then, Foxen he entered there and then for the Banabay races. It was in a week's time he called the Jockey Ferball out to Banabay. They went on Foxen and won every race. He entered her for the Curragh soon after, and won every race she was entered for. He entered her in New Market in England and in every race she ran she came in firs, Ferball's

Jack Carty's house in Curraheen, Horse & Jockey was once a school about one hundred years ago. Paddy Mullan was the school master.
The children used to sit on long, rough forms, and write on slates with chalk. In the evening or at night the children used assemble at this school. Another school was in Coolkip above Jack Croke's cross. Paddy Doyle was the school master, and he was a native of Coolkip. In this school there were no forms. The children sat on the floor. It is about sixty years ago since the school was in use. Another school was in Mrs. Fitzgerald's land in Forgestown - about ninety years ago. In Molloy's land of Moycarkey there was a school. The school master's name was Fogarty. A house in Horse+ Jockey now uninhabited was a school once. Fennessy was the name of the man who taught there. Mc Shanahan's house of Pouldine was a school once Mr O'Riordan taught there. He was in later years the first teacher of Moycarkey school

Afraid you would be crossed
by the charming grew mare". Lynch's grey mare was standing at the starting post. Her jockey was the late Martin Lynch of Gowel. Up went Foxen side by side with the grey mare. The excitement ran high. The two countries were well represented. The sign for off was given. It was a dead heat to half way and just as the end of the journey was turned, the grey mare crossed Foxen and galloped home a winner. Foxen's enchantment was broken when the grey mare crossed her. Firball set off for the caves in Sheemore. When the grey mare crossed Foxen, all enchantment was gone and he lost the name

and horsemen. One of them Henry, was a famous Jockey from Limerick named Delmege and the two of them met at some hunt and anyone of them did not know each other and when Knowles saw him jumping so strong over a fence that himself had to jump it, and they were jumping high gates and high fences all day and in the end Knowles jumped a rike of turf in the middle of a turf bog and the other jockey followed him and next they jumped a tatched house on the side of a hill and Knowles saw a forked tree at a distant and he made his horse go towards it. He jumped it and Delmege did not and he told Knowles that he was either the devil or Henry Knowles and

Seán Burns supposed to be the strongest man in Ireland. He was born at Coolaneelig in the parish of Duagh. About 80 years ago his feats of strength surpassed those of many man

ar ócáidí speisialta. Dá mbeadh beirt a'dul a'pósadh chathfeadh siad éadaigh speisialta. Bíonn sgiortaí dubh-ghorma ar chuid de na mná, cinn donna ar chuid eile aca, de réir mar a thaithneochadh leo. Bíonn cultacha dubha, cinn donna, cinn ghorma, agus dathanna mar iad ar na fir. Bíonn hataí ar chuid de na fir, caipíní ar chuid eile aca, agus bíonn seáltaí ar na mná.
Fadó nuair bhiodh beirt a'dul a'pósadh, caitheadh an fear brísté glúnach, casóg-sgiorta agus hata árd, agus chaitheadh an bhean sgiorta dubh-ghorm agus seál breac. Má bhíonn féasta anois indhiadh na bainfheise caitheann gach duine an t-éadach is fearr a bhíos aca. Bíonn áthas an domhain ar chuild dhuine agus maidir leis an lánamhan ní bhíonn cinn ar bith leó sin, leis an áthas agus an leithead a bhíos orra. Ceapann siad nach mbeadh lá eile le maireachtáil aca, ach ní milleán orra é, mar ní bhíonn mórán eile laethanta aca mar an lá sin aca. Ach bíonn a mhalairt de sgéal aca lá sochraide. Bíonn seáltaí dubha ar na mná agus ar chuid de na fir. Bíonn cultacha dubha. Caitheann siad iad sin le cómh-bhrón a dhéanadh le gaoltaí an duine mhairbh. Bíonn culaith le h-aghaidh an Dómhnaigh i's culaith le h-aghaidh an luain ag na daoine anois. Gach Dómhnach caitheann na fir cultatha dubha, cinn donna, nó cinn gorma. Caitheann na sean-mhná sgiortaí dubh-ghorma, agus seálta

Miss Barber was the landlady in our district,
Drumbawn and Richfort were under one landlord. Miss Barbar (sic) sold the Drumbawn estate to Sir George Fetherston a neighboring land lord in Ardagh. She rented back the big house along with the land now owned by Mrs Dooner. Sir George appointed tenants in the holdings now owned by James Farrell. Miss K. Thompson, and James Doherty. He owned the estate about 50 years ago. He never was hard on his tenants neither was he good. The MacDermots of Barney were the only tenants evicted by Sir George. He evicted them on account of non-payment of rent. This eviction took place about 35 years ago. Miss Barber never evicted anyone and she was very kind to her tenants. Mr Barber had two daughters. He owned the two estates of Drumbawn and Richfort. When he was dying he left one daughter Drumbawn and the other Richfort. The one got Drumbawn sold it as I have said before. I never heard of farms been devided on marriage or on families. It happened in other districts.

There were a few good walkers - Pat Murphy Drumderglin, and John Williams Drumbrainless. They walked to Dublin in a day and a half. Sometimes they used to go to fairs and they used to go in the Harvest and return home in the winter walking. They lived eight years ago. Great mowers. Johnny Barbar (Barber ?) Drumderglin and Jimmy Duignan Drumsilla. Duignan and Barbar challenged one another. They started at six o clock at dinner time, Barbar was winning but a quitting time Duignan had a half an acre mowed more than Barbar. They mowed two acres and a half that day. They live thirty years ago.Great swimmers. James Brady Muillinadara and Pat Kiernan Mullinadara. They swam Mullinadara lake and Brady won. They lived seventy years go.

out by enormous floods that submerged the islands and on some occasions entered the dwelling places of the people. The cutting at the back of Victoria Lock was supposed at the time to prevent inundations for the future. The superfluous water in, the upper portions of the river, declared Mr. Lynam, the engineer, could now easily escape. When the necessary work was complete at Killaloe no further trouble was anticipated. That this cutting and the Killalo alteration did a great deal of good is admitted, but it is equally true that much more was required. The following winter the floods returned again and many were compelled to leave their homes. The scene from the Strand, near the old Abbey of Meelick, resembled one of those views to be had on the banks of Lough Derg in mid Winter. The many historical coins found in the Shannon Work of 1844 at Keelogue can be accounted for when it is remembered that for centuries the ford at this spot was used as a crossing place. Up to 1844 a lucrative eel fishing industry was carried on at Keelogue, and in the Summer time it was quite an easy matter to walk along the weirs from shore to shore. This was one of the reasons that induced the authorities to erect martello towers at this point. These towers are long since abandoned

Jim Walsh, Cloonruff, Ballymoe, Co. Galway58. When you see the wild geese, the Winter is here.
59. When the crane flies high it is a sign of fine weather. 60. When stars are falling it is a sign of rain. 61. A rainbow on Saturday evening is a sign of a wet week. 62. When the wild geese are cackling it is a sign of hard weather. 63. When the moon has a wild red colour at night a storm can be expected. Lawrence Edwards, Cloonruff, 64. When the sun sets pale it is a sign of rain. 65. Dogs are sleepy when rain is coming. 66. If the sun rises red - The rain will come down on top of your head. 67. Cocks crow many times when rain is coming

fell into deep despair,
with the ringing of their hands, and the tearing of their hair,III The are (melienchy) weeping, And clapping of their hands, The night before was witnessed, upon the Erris land, For to describe the scene of woe In sorrow I relate Such noble and generous crew to meet so sad a fate IV To now over leading sea man Pat Cox it was his name, He was a man of talent renowned in every fame He was skilled and couragious, upon the ocean wide But now that he is lying lour and his body in the tide V Poor Charlas and Thomas, Tighue, Their loss we may deplore, They shall lie long lamented along Porthurlin shore The loss of those leaves,

I. I being on the fourth of April in 1878,
A sad and sorrowful occured. In Porthurlin (Porturlin) did take place. The crew being five in number. They went out at the dawn of day And in a four hours after They were drowned along the Bay. II. When the news it came to hear, Their parents and their friends, Their loving brothers and sisters, and neighbours did attend. Their loving brothers and sisters,

fell into deep despair,
with the ringing of their hands, and the tearing of their hair,III The are (melienchy) weeping, And clapping of their hands, The night before was witnessed, upon the Erris land, For to describe the scene of woe In sorrow I relate Such noble and generous crew to meet so sad a fate IV To now over leading sea man Pat bocks it was his name, He was a man of talent renowned in every fame He was skilled and couragious, upon the ocean wide But now that he is lying lour and his body in the tide V Poor Charlas and Thomas, Tighue, Their loss we may deplore, They shall lie long lamented along Porthurlin shore The loss of those leaves,

Local Place Names
Áit Tighe Muinn This means "the place for the house of Muinn". Muinn, who it seems was an old Irish "Flaith" or chieftain had his house somewhere between the local crossroads and the house in which Fr. Byrne C. C. now lives. Some however maintain that the correct name should be "Áit Diomaín" or "the place of Simon. And others say "Áit na Móna" or "the place of the turf."Baile na n-Ultach "The townland of the Ulstermen" It is said that some men from Ulster lived there once. Cláirín This is explained in Joyce's means a ridge or shelf of land and from the configuration of this district it would appear that this is why it is called Claírín. It is situated on a high ridge between two big bogs.

"Bad luck to Bland the Friday dog
He is worse than Dan the bailiff (báil [?] Twelve orange dogs and a jury packed And without any hesitation They banished Dan to a foreign land For ten years transportation."

The slaughter lasted through the night
And few there did survive To tell the story of that fight For few there were alive.On Sheen's green banks The spot is shown where this great fight took place, And in the distance Still well known the valley of the chase. The Scairt men went back to bóthar {Bóid Eoghainín} [?] to take a "creac" and the {Bóid Eoghainís} men followed overtaking them at Brúac na Síon where the fight took place. Scairt is a townland near Bantry - bóthar is well known near The Black Shop Written from Taodhg Díarmuide ÓSúilleabhain atá in aois sa hoctó sa h oct [?] who says this was composed either by Michael Doheny or by an Uncle of his own - the famous Phoenix Fenian man Dan O'Sullivan Ardgreem who was spied or sentenced to 10 years transportation

On Sheen's green banks in days of old
A dreadful fight was won. The tale is by tradition told Brought down from sire to son.Two hostile tribes in fierce array Drew near the chosen stream Determined each to win the day And win a glorious name But ere the shout of war was rallied A herald fast did ride Proclaimed aloud to that great crowd That night brave champions from Each side the contest should decide. Trúir 's a cúigear ón Scairt Fear 's a seact ó bóthar Neoinín Annsúd d'fagadar an cómhrta ceart Ar Inse Gaorthaidh ar ais ar bhrúac na Síon The troops drew near at sound of horn With murmers rude and rife And took their posts that sunny morn To view the dreadful strife With terrible shouts the battle raged Reaching from each hill While hand to hands the foes engaged And quickly all was still

where is the cat that was here last night.(Eill) Eileen Murphy
Shanavallaleigh Waterfall Bantry

some other district in former years.
Latteragh is renowned in story being mentioned in the history of Ely O'Carroll. The land is of different nature some of it comprising some of the best land in the district and some mountainy land which is now being planted grows there will be a big wood and this will greatly add to the beauty of the district The following words of a local Poet will then have a true meaning 'Latteragh unknown to fame, Lies nestling midst surrounding hills And whose beauty yet might shame, Fair Avoca's golden rills' Mairéad Nic Cutcheon Leatracha Durlás Eile 29ádh Samhain

and at other centres.
He received his nick-name from a priest - Father Con O'Brien PP Lorrha - who was a native of Co. Clare and a fluent Irish speaker. The priest was on a sick call and passing by the house of Meara inquired his way. The man of the house answered with an oath and curse, his wife with a curse equally as wicked, and the sons were nothing better in their manners. The horrified priest went on his journey. Standing on the road some distance from Meara's house and looking on it sadly he exclaimed aloud, "Malluighthe, Malluighthe, Malluighthe! (Cursed, cursed, cursed.)Brigid Parkinson, Slevoyre, Borrisokane July 25th 1934

(d) Seán Hogan - Seán a' Mhuc
Seán was accustomed to feeding large flocks of pigs. He was noted for his great unkindness. To his best neighbours or dearest friend he would not give the smallest loan. A near neighbour who had obliged Seán sent his son to the pig man for the loan of a kish. Hogan was unwilling to lend it, but at the same time he took it from the car telling the young man how much he was complimenting his father - that no one had ever got the loan of that kish, or ever would get it again. The two men carried it through the church-yard and hoisted it over the wall. Hogan then paused and said: "Do you know what I will do?" "No, what is it?" "I intend holding a collection meeting next Sunday at the church door to procure the price of a kish for your father." "Ah! Since you make such a compliment of it, you may keep it." replied the other angrily. "That's what I wanted, but you can't say but I let you take it part of the way. I would let no other friend take it so far."(e) There was living in Terryglass a "cracked" woman who delighted in tormenting Seán a' Mhuc. It was the

Nick-names, personal and family
(a) Meara (Gearailt) (In giving those nick-names it was noticed that the correct Irish pronounciation (pronunciation) was used.) This man Meara was so called because he had a great admiration for the famous Anglo-Irish family of Fitzgeralds. He read about and debate with his neighbours historical accounts regarding the Geraldines. The nick-name passed down afterwards as a family names. It had to be used as a mark in distinguishing one family of the same name in the townsland from another - all relations.(b) Seán Hogan (Girrfhiadh) One day passing through the bog Seán Hogan came upon a hare asleep in its seat. he threw his coat over the animal, seized it and holding it up in one hand shouted aloud to some companions "Girrfhiadh, Girrfhiadh." Hence the nick-name, which must have been given early in the 19th century. The wife of Seán Hogan was a woman named Quinn from Youghal, Nenagh. She came to the district about 1816. The nick-name is still remembered, and those people descended from the above Hogan will tell the questioner that they belong to the Girrfhiadh Hogans. (c) M. Hogan (Shelter) was a hedge school master. He planted trees around his house to provide shelter and he showed particular attention to his garden and house.

and he told the gentleman that the money was stolen and that he could tell him where it was. So a bargain was made and if the money was got the gentleman promised to keep the old man. He sent his men to the house and they got the money and brought it safely to the gentleman. The gentle man was delighted and kept the poor man in his house to be his wise man. There was a neighbouring gentleman who also had a wise man. The two men made a bet as to which was the wisest man. For the teat they decided on meat in covered dishes. When ready the two men were brought in and the wise man said every kind of meat but never the right kind. The poor man was sorry for his kind master and he said aloud that

There was once a man and he had an only daughter and he wanted to get a very wise man for her. He thought of a plan and this is how he was to find out the wise man. People had a habit of coming into the home and lighting their pipes, so the plan was whatever man would light his pipe and quench the paper after him was the wise man. One day a great many young men came in and lit their pipes and threw the paper away after them, and the man said "they would not do" so an old man came in and lit his pipe and quenched the paper and put it in his pocket after him, and the man said "You will do", and the girl had to marry him.

A story about churningThere was a man one time and he has a lot of cow's. This day his wife was churning and she could not make any butter at all. She told her husband that there was something wrong with the cow's when she could not make any butter.
Well we'll send for the wise man he might tell us what's wrong with the cow's. There was a wise old man living at this time and he could work black - magic. The wise man came all-night and the woman told him her story? "Well say's the wise man if you'll give me a roll of butter I'll find out the very person that's taking the butter from your cow's. Well I will with thanks says the woman. "Is the cat in the house; he is says the woman; well put him outside the back-door tail first: -

Long ago people lived in this district named the McAuliffes.
They occupied the greater part of the land. These people were called the clan of the Mc Auliffes and they lived at Castle Mc Auliffe beside Newmarket. After the rebellion of the Desmonds they lost control of the land. Sir Walter Raleigh got 42,000 acres. After some time Richard Boyle came to Ireland, at the age of 22 years with a sum of £27 to begin the world with. He was appointed at the escheator's office in Dublin this office was where the confiscated lands were distributed or sold. Carew told Sir Walter Raleigh to sell his land to Richard Boyle. Sir Walter Raleigh sold the land to Richard Boyle

Kilbane. Francis Clyne. Eddie Frayne.
Singers: Danny Hoare. Tom Kearns, Willie Connor, Joseph Murphy sings The Rose of Tralee. Tom Washington sings The Last rose of Summer. Johnny Farrell sings Lord Leitrim and Betty leaving her home. Eddie Frayne sings Paddy is the boy to please me. Tom Kearns sings the Black-Bird of sweet Avendale. Patrick sings The Ploughboy. Michael Thomas Cavanagh was a good singer he sings Pat Mulloy. Mrs. Michael Igo sings Sweet Smiling Carnado. Tomas Washington sings The Banks of Cladagh. John Gillooly sings "Who Fears to speak of Ninety-eight Swimmers: Dick Dooner is a great swimmers Josephine Mc Hugh, Pat Cox, John Cox, Jim Shanaghan, Dan Cavanagh, Dan Farrell, John J Gillooly Oarsmen: Dan Farrell, Pakie Keeffe and Tomie Keeffe. Danny Cavanagh. Pat Hoare. Joseph Owens. Jimmy Lenahan, Edward Gaffney. Runners: Tom Keaerns Druminardly, Ruskey walked to Roscommon and back in four hours. Danny Hoare walked to Ruskey and back in a half an hour. Pat O'Shea walked ten miles in

Fairy forts or moats as they are more commonly called have always been the centre of much interest because there is supposed to be something mysterious about them.
There is one of these moats up at the Hill of Slane a short distance beyond the Cemetery and the steeple. It is a high green mound with a round hollow in the centre of the top tit is supposed to be the burial place of King Slanéis. There is an opening to it supposed to be on the South East. But it is not known that any attempt has been made to do so. Though Tradition says that there are a lot of gold and jewels buried there. About two and a half miles from this moat there is another on the side of the "old road" which leads from Slane to Beauparc. This is also a high green mound and the fairies are supposed to dance there every night.

of Knockbwee between Liscarney and Carn passed the Hand and Pen, over the Blackwater at Faulkland, through Donagh, through Grange until it crossed the Abhann mór at Mullnahorn bridge between Mullinure (Grange) and Tully.The people of Monaghan who wished to go to Dublin had to travel to Castleshane on the road which led through Latlurcan, behind Corlat to the north of the present road where it is still used as a lane until it entered Castleshane.
The people of Monaghan got a coach of their own. It followed the road which came through Ballybay, passed Te Tappa Mills, through Dunraymond until it met the old Co Cavan road, passed Liseraw (Lissaraw) (this road is still used in parts) through Drumbear, Knockaturley Sheetrim and near Tully Fort (where it may still be seen) almost closed with bushes) over Far-Meehul Bridge and so into Monaghan Much business was carried on between Aughnacloy and Monaghan so the old road was improved and altered in places. The traffic was brought through Emyvale, then called Scarnageeragh. The road to Glasslough (then an important town) began at Ballyalbany where is parted eastwards

or in the river Robe and Pat Mannion who lives in Ballynew was the best swimmer in this parish and he could dive down to the bottom of the lake.There was an old woman called Katty Lally living in Gorlough, and she was a great dancer, she used to go to every wedding without being invited and if anybody asked her why she went, she would say, "sure I was not told to stop at home. She was also a great walker and every week she would go to Kiltimagh and buy a few hundred of herrings and she would be home in the evening in time to sell them.

goes by the name of "Maggie Ann" and belongs to the tinker classMáirtín Tie often calls to our house, his proper name is "Martin Walshe, The alms he asks most are copper's
An old woman by the name of Maíre Catty often comes begging to our house, she always wears a shawl An old piper goes around playing on pipe his name is Raney" [?] He lives near Ballinrobe. Blackmud is an old man that walks from place to place selling Alamanacs and many other books. He usually buys horse hair Two men often comes to our house by the names of

his bed on the donky's back.
Pat Reany is an old fiddler that travelled the country. Tom McNiochlas he used to travel from house to house threshing for wages. Tom Kiltimagh an old man that gathers bottles and sells them. Tom Moughan an old tin smith that sells saucpans. Pat McKinny a man that sells all kinds of cheap stuff. Morris Casidy an old works man that travelled Ireland. Pat Hennelly another old work's man that used to work for his wages. A old woman traveller travells about and tells fortunes. She

Johnny Staunton was an old traveller who used to go from house to house looking for charity. He used to ask for money and food. He also used to tell a lot of stories about what he saw on his travels
Black Bird was an old man who used to travel on an old ass. He used to sleep on the side of the road. He used to tell a lot of funny stories. Monk Lodger was a big fat man he used to want lodgings and his dinner or tea. Tom Patent was a traveller who used to travel around the country on a donkey. He used to carry

Mark McDonnell he used to go around bare footed Winter and Summer. He was reared in the works-house in Claremorris. He was well educated man, he used to tell very nice stories on the long Winter nights.People had pity on him and they used to give him money and potatoes.
When he would have 1 cwt he would sell them.

ó indhiú"One of the travellers of long ago was Tom Mangan (better known as Blackmud) who used to go about from house to house playing a fiddle and gathering money.
He used to get lodging's in houses after his journey. Then the boys and girls of the neighbourhood would gather in and have great fun out of him - for he was very cranky. They said he died last year ago in "Carnacon" People say he was married to "Mary Harlow" and he killed her Another of the travellers was known as

Tom and Jim Moughan. They usually ask for metal.
Barrat used to stay over at the "Yon-Bog-Road Clerys are tramps who live in Ballinrobe. The beg horse hair rags and bottles.Collins lives in Ballinrobe they travel around selling flowers and Almanac's Moughan goes around asking the people to let him clear their chimney Mrs McEnerney goes around in a cart selling apple, oranges, plums and other fruit When tinkers are getting charity's the say 'go mbeannuidhe Dia a stór is go mba seacht fear a bheas tú bliadhain

The New Road which leads from Wexford to Dublin and runs through Kildavin was made about a hundred years ago. The New Line which leads from Kildavin to Bagnalstown was made in '47 to give work to the people. They got 2d to 4d a day and they only got one meal a day, porridge made from yellow meal. The hours were from 7 o'clock in the morning till 7 o'clock at night.
The Old Road leads from Kildavin to Bagnalstown also. It was made a couple of hundred years ago. The oldest road around here is "The Mail Coach Road" it ran from Wexford to Dublin. The New Road replaces this old road and it joins it at intervals. There is one part running up by our school. There is another part between Kildavin and Bunclody. There is another old road called "The old Drumderry Road" it runs out across Drumderry hill and into Bunclody. There are a couple of mountain passes around here. There is one from Ballypierce to Barnahask used by people on foot and Barnahask to Craan. There is another from Ballypierce to Kilbranish across the lower ranges of the Black-Stairs.

Ben Smiths Hollow = the dip in the road below Smiths of Tara Hill. This is still used to describe the Hollow.Dicky Hyde's Hollow (no longer used)
This refers to the dip in the road below Tomnahealy lane on the Tara Hill Castletown road. Dicky was a wild going fellow who owned half of the present estate of Beaumont but who nevertheless was always in want of money. The road separated his half from that of Forde another wealthy landowner. Now a fellow came to these parts + brought a mule with him + he had lots of money. Beaumont was his name. He loaned money to Dicky Hyde on the security of Dicky's estate. Dicky was unable to pay back the money + Beaumont had him hanged. He then married one of Forde's or Fourde's daughters + thereby got the whole estate. (See Beaumont in '98) The Fourdes or Fordes were the ugliest people ever born and "did you ever see a Beaumont master? " 'No' "Oh sure you couldn't look at one them they're so ugly. The Mow-yeen Beag: Small strip of bog land belonging to J. Canavan Tara Hill below proposed site of new School and on same side Mow- yeen very peculiar pronunciation like from Moinín beag I suppose but 1st n (?) is like pronounced like asperated or rather liquid 'R'

summer. All the wells in Dromore went dry save Tobar a Ráthaig. The O'Mahony's took some of the water from the well for certain purposes. They put some of the water upon the fire to boil but it would not get warm. It remained cold. They took it back to the well again.An old resident, named Peter O'Connor states that his mother informed him that the patron saint of the well was Saint Graham.
Mrs White Doreenfoyle, Blackwater supplied the legend of water from the well not boiling. She is well over 80 years of age and has paid rounds there. No rounds are being paid there now: yet the writer saw quite a lot of evidence of rounds having been paid there 7-10 years ago. Broken beads, rags or ribbons, little pictures, were decorating it. In the meantime the surrounding wood has been felled. Cillín (Killeen) old inhabitants tell me was used as a burying place for infants. It is convenient to well connecting path being about 500 yds long.

Particulars of a Holy Well - Toberagrahig or Tobar a' Rathaigh (on Survey Map)This holy well is situated in the townland of Dromore in the parish of Kenmare. It is placed beside the sea in a woody dell bushes and trees grow around. The name of the patron saint is unknown and no Annual Pattern is observed. The well however was frequented on Good Fridays.
It is also frequented for cure of such aliments as toothache, eye injury, nervousness. Three rounds of circulation journeys are paid and the rosary recited, Rounds are made in clockwise (West to east) direction older inhabitants recited our Father

Hail Mary and Creed. Water of well was applied to the affected part. It was also drunk but not removed or carried away.
Offerings were made on completion of ritual. These consisted of beads, statues, sacred pictures, holy water fonts etc and were placed beside the well on the north side principally pieces of cloth & other objects were affixed to tree or bush around the well. No local tradition appears to attach to this well now a days nor is well inhabited by a trout or fish. Nothing appears to be known of the origin or antiquity of the custom. Mass was celebrated there in Penal times. The name is supposed to be translated ''The well of the Ferns'' locally - ferns of various kinds are very luminescent round the well. It may also mean ''Well of the Snow drift'' -From the pronunciation supplied to the writer was that given above.An old legend is still told of the well. Many years ago it is said there was a very warm

This well is situated about a mile to the north of Rathdangan. This is the real pronunciation as far as I am aware, because a little to the north of it is pointed out what is supposed to be a place where once a church stood. There are no traces or mounds to mark the spot.
The well is just a hole in the ground not far from a mountain stream which divides the townlands of Cornaan and Cranareen. The site of this old church is in the townland of Cranareen. There is a graveyard, at this spot, which is still in use. In the graveyard is a stone trough, resembling a font, which is said to be never without water, even in the very driest summer. The water is said to have the power of curing headaches, vomiting, and that warts begin to disappear immediately the water from this font is applied to them.

This "poet" taught Johnstown N.S. Navan for 43 years retiring about 1892. He was a fluent Irish speaker and taught it to his pupils "after hours". He never lived outside Co. Meath but learned the tongue he loved from books, and got his pronunciation and "blas" from poor "knights of the road" whose wanderings in search of work or alms brought them from the gaelteacht to our County.When one of these happened to call at the teacher's little house in Johnstown he was a welcome guest, and after a good meal,, he and "the Master" walked off together for miles, the master, for the time being, becoming the PUPIL, who drank in sweet sounds of the language he loved.
Every "poor man" was accosted in Irish when he called - if he answered in English he got his alms (ONE 1/2d/ ) and went off, but if Irish was his answer he was treated as a guest ( in spite of protests from some other members of the family )

On account of the singular form of " Greille ". I am inclined to think that the townland got its name from the Cromlech. However the man who gave the meaning of the name never heard of its connection with " The Druids' Altar".
The Found; On the opposite side of the Kilkenny Road from Tobar Phádraig is a long slope of country known to very few old people as "The Found". As usual with the Irish place names these people generally have no idea of the meaning of the Irish name. My own opinion is that letter "d" in "Found" was added to the pronunciation of this word, that it should have been "Faun" or "Fán" meaning the slope of the land. This at any rate is a likely explanation. Cahroo : The district from the western end of the town, where the schools are situated to the top of Fennor Hill was formerly called "Cahroo" most likely the Irish "Ceathrú" which means a quarter. N.B. In Irish place names districts were divided into various quarters as the "Red Quarter" "Black Quarter" etc. But here from the pronunciation the name simply meant "quarter". s before mentioned the people had no idea

203
Local Place NamesBunclody (bun Clóidighe) now Newtownbarry. Originally called Bunclody i.e. the foot or bottom of the Clody. The Clody river has its source in the neighbourhood of Mt. Leinster. It flows down past the Nine Stones by way of Kilbrannish + Barnahask and empties into the Slaney near the entrance to Mr Hall-Dare's domain now called Newtownbarry House but origally called "Woodfield". Woodfield origally belonged to the Maxwells from whom was descended Lord Barry Farnham. Their descendants now reside in Cavan where they own a lot of property. Lord Maxwell Barry owned all Bunclody. He married a French lady + she got the town remodelled + put into the style of a continental village. Hence we have the beautiful stream of water running down the centre of a very wide street with lime trees on one side of the stream and a large market square at the bottom of the Main Street. She re-named it Newtown Barry. (Old residents are careful to preserve the true pronunciation New Town Barry. New comers are inclined to call it Newton Barry. I have

Glennaclohlea (See Page 28)
"Gleann na gCloch Liat" or "Gleann na Cloiche Léithe". Local pronunciation "Gleann na Cloha Lay" approx. The townland gets its name from a group of limestone rocks on the west edge of a little valley running south-east. There are four rocks in the group. The two lowest are two large rocks close together. The largest is 7 feet above the ground, 6 feet wide at the base and 7 feet thick. The other is close up to this and is 6 feet high, 6 feet thick and 4 feet wide. The front faces of the rocks are in a line. Behind those are two smaller rocks which project about 3 feet above the surface. There is a space of about six feet between the two rocks in front and the two behind. The rock look very like a cromlech with the covering stone missing. My own opinion is that they are outcroppings of the natural limestone rock which is near the surface in this locality. In an open quarry within a couple of hundred yards of these rocks the strata are vertical.The strata of these rocks appear vertical also. It is only by digging that the truth or otherwise could be seen. That these rocks were associated with superstition can be seen from the few remnants of tradition that have

There are five forges in the parish. Mr Dandley (Local pronunciation of Donnelly), Mr Nolan and Mr Kehoe are the smiths Forges are generally in towns and on road-sides. Most forges are covered with felt. The door is wide and has an arch There are two fires in some forges. The bellows are made from leather and have a handle. The implements used are the rasp, hammer, the cutter, sledge, knife, punch, anvil, vice, drill and tap wrench.The animals that are shod are horses, asses and jennets. The open air work done is shoeing wheels and mending ploughs. Smith's have no special power but were looked upon as being strong. There are no stories connected with smiths. The forge has not figured in any historical event.
There is a ruined forge in Clonmullen and there is another at the top of the Long Lane in Barnahask. The man that worked in the forge in Clonmullen was Mr Jim Power, Clonmullen.

Barnahask is certainly a bleak gap but it is also situated on top of a hill at The fort of Mt Leinster - therefore it may be Bearna Sheasc, or Barr na Sheasc / h-Easc. An interesting feature is that none of the farm houses are on the main road. There is a lane in to all of them. Some modern houses are built on the road-side.Sheep were reared in great numbers long ago. There are still some sheep raised on the surrounding hills. Barley is a favourite. Few people grow wheat.

203
Local Place NamesBunclody (bun Clóidighe) now Newtownbarry. Originally called Bunclody i.e. the foot or bottom of the Clody. The Clody river has its source in the neighbourhood of Mt. Leinster. It flows down past the Nine Stones by way of Kilbrannish + Barnahask and empties into the Slaney near the entrance to Mr Hall-Dare's domain now called Newtownbarry House but origally called "Woodfield". Woodfield origally belonged to the Maxwells from whom was descended Lord Barry Farnham. Their descendants now reside in Cavan where they own a lot of property. Lord Maxwell Barry owned all Bunclody. He married a French lady + she got the town remodelled + put into the style of a continental village. Hence we have the beautiful stream of water running down the centre of a very wide street with lime trees on one side of the stream and a large market square at the bottom of the Main Street. She re-named it Newtown Barry. (Old residents are careful to preserve the true pronounciation New Town Barry. New comers are inclined to call it Newton Barry. I have

it is made.
Trains were made from turnips A dancing master. : : was made of wood and wire so that he could bend his knees . His eyes were marked with a red iron . Lanterns were made of tin which was pierced with holes with one pane of glass to show the light . Hubby - horses. A hooter get a tailors reel and scoop out a hole have it broad at one end at the other end of the hole stick a little piece of tin like a reed . When you blow through it , it will make a funny sound then you have a nice hooter made. Dancing - masters were cut out of wood his arms are shaped out . There is wire at his knees so that he can bend them freely His eyes are marked with a red iron