by the people of Kiskeam and the surrounding country. Edward Walsh - a famous poet in this locality. He lived on the banks of the river Araglen. He wrote a very nice piece of poetry about 'Mairéad Ní Ceallaig'. At a dance in the village thy white foot was fleetest. Thy voice mid that concert of maidens was sweetest. The swell of thy white breast made sick lovers follow. And thy raven hair bound them, young Mairéad Ní Ceallaigh. Thy neck was lost maid, like the Ceannbaun whiter, And the glow of thy cheek than the Monadawn brighter, But death's chain hath bound thee, thine eyes glazed hollow, That shone, shone like a sunburst young Mairéad Ní Ceallaigh. No more shall mine ear drink thy

The most fairies are in Ballyquinn in a rath. It looks to be the most ancient rath and some people believe there is money hidden in it. There is one on Martin Hennessy's farm Ballycroney. In years gone by people named Fitzgerald's lived on the farm. They used to cut the bushes and sceachs off the ditch. One day a little old woman went into the house and asked for a couple of plates of oatmeal. When she was going away she said they would be a lot better off it they would not be cutting the bushes or sceachs or anything in the rath. There was a neighbouring man coming home from a fair late in the night. Down in Fitzgeralds rath Knockbrach he heard the fairies playing a tune. They called it "The Fairies Reel"

The most fairies are in Ballyquinn in a rath. It looks to be the most ancient rath and some people believe there is money hidden in it. There is one on Martin Hennessy's farm Ballycroney. In years gone by people named Fitzgerald's lived on the farm. They used to cut the bushes and sceachs off the ditch. One day a little old woman went into the house and asked for a couple of plates of oatmeal. When she was going away she said they would be a lot better off it they would not be cutting the bushes or sceachs or anything in the rath. There was a neighbouring man coming home from a fair late in the night. Down in Fitzgeralds rath Knockbrach he heard the fairies playing a tune. They called it "The Fairies Reel"

happy ever afterwards and nursed her patients more carefully than ever.

Folk-Lore Lynns AnnagassanI Holy Wells:
There is a Holy well called St. Colmach's well at Ard Sallan (place of the Willows). In olden times many people visited the Holy Well. II Duns Forts Rath's:- There is a fort near Annagassan called Lis-na-Rann (the fort of the Rhymes) In olden times there were fairies on the Hill and the old people used to hear the music and singing of the fairies at night. III Souterrains Caves: IV Cromlechs and Standing Stones V Church Ruins VI Castles Old houses VII Old Paths and Roads There is supposed to be a path under ground from Lis-na-Rann to Greenmount. In older times the people along the sea

The cure for warts is to wash them in forge water.
The cure for the cold on the mouth is before taking breakfast is to rub three spitles on the spot of the cold in the name of the father, the son, and the Holy ghost. The cure for the chillblanes is to was your feet in salt and water. The cure for the strain is to rub your hand three times on it and say the three best names. The cure for the wind is to drink hot water, and soda.

BLAIN IN CATTLE was cured by burning straw and soot under the head.
WORM in a cow's tail. - soot, salt, and tobacco were mixed and put into the tail. SORE HOOFS from walking on wet land were cured by drawing a hempen rope between the hoof until it bled. CONSTIPATION in cattle - salt, soot and pennyworth were given. Garlic was given to a cow that had a SURFEIT. For SCALE on the eye, salt was spit from a person's mouth into the eye. VERMIN in cattle. They were rubbed with ashes. MANGE was a common disease. The animals were rubbed with tobacco-water. FARCY in horses was cured by cutting the toe-vein and allowing the bad blood to run. Water from cow stall yard was thrown on them. COLIC was cured by giving turpentine and whiskey. Sour cream was given to a horse

BLAIN IN CATTLE was cured by burning straw and soot under the head.
WORM in a cow's tail. - soot, salt, and tobacco were mixed and put into the tail. SORE HOOFS from walking on wet land were cured by drawing a hempen rope between the hoof until it bled. CONSTIPATION in cattle - salt, soot and pennyworth were given. Garlic was given to a cow that had a SURFEIT. For SCALE on the eye, salt was spit from a person's mouth into the eye. VERMIN in cattle. They were rubbed with ashes. MANGE was a common disease. The animals were rubbed with tobacco-water. FARCY in horses was cured by cutting the toe-vein and allowing the bad blood to run. Water from cow stall yard was thrown on them. COLIC was cured by giving turpentine and whiskey. Sour cream was given to a horse

Long ago the kind of lights the people had were bog-deal at first and dipped candles later on. The way they used the bog-deal was a man went to the bog with a hatchet suitable for the purpose, and cut a large block of bog deal into small pieces which he would carry hom with an ass an baskets, and place them on a wall where they would be drying. When dry he would split them into chips and then place them on a hob near the fire. Then when the would need light some of the family would take one of these chips and light it and hold it for the rest. Some people calle these chips spails. They dipped canles were made from rushes peeled and dried to make wicks. These wicks were dipped in melted tallow. They were then called dipped candles. There was a little bit of a block with a bit if tin on the side of it to hold the little candles. These candles were considered dangerous because cats

1) Toothache: Put a frog into your mouth, and hold it there until it squeals. 2) For warts: If a person dip his hand in water on a bridge without thinking of it. Also to rub it with a snail and tie the snail to a bush and let him wither.3) A Sty: Look through a gold ring three times, or wash it with cold tea without milk or sugar in the morning. Prod it with a gooseberry thorn, or rub your fasting spit to it.
4) Whooping Cough. Put the child between the legs of a mare ass three times, and give the ass some crumbs to eat, and boil the crumbs which are left after the ass in milk and give it to the child to drink. 5) Rheumatism. Boil a dock root and drink the water of it. Boil yarrow and drink the water of it, or rub turpentine to the place where the pain is, Celery seed boiled and drunk is another cure for it. 6) Sore eyes: Wash them every morning with cold tea.

rest of her life and he also told her not to tell anyone of the good fortune. But this order she disobeyed and ran out to tell her husband of what happened.
When they came in, to their horror, what did they see instead of a pot of gold, but a potful of leaves. The two dreamt it was the "Leipreacháin."

was cut in it something happened to the farm animals. A bush was cut in it one time and a mare lost the sight of one eye. Latterly nothing is ever cut in it. In Duncormick three men dug for gold one night. One of them was name Neville and he was very nervous. Just as they were about to dig they saw a white figure coming towards they all fled for their lives and for months after Neville was never seen out after dark.

white figure appeared from the ruins of the church and when it moved a loud jingling was heard. The three with such a gradh for the money fled for their lives leaving their tools behind them. One of them was in a fainting condition by the roadside later. They never attempted gold digging again.
There are several raths or lios'es in this locality and the "fairyfolk" are supposed to dwell in them. There is a rath in Halseyrath and a number of years ago a man went there to dig for gold. When a few shovel fulls of clay was thrown aside a hen came with chickens and raked it back every time it was taken out. The gold digger fled with terror from the place but it is said that the mark of where the hole was begun can be still seen. It is remarkable about this rath for everytime anything(????)

Years ago three men dug for gold in the church field in Ambrosetown. They took a bottle of holy water with them and a piece of string which had been steeped in holy water and placed it around the hole. One of them kept the bottle and shook it, occasionally, whilst the others dug. Before the digging was commence one of them placed the string around the hole and recited the following words three times.
"Stand back Satan, I defy you.". Just as the digging was begun a

the house and she went to enquire if anybody was dead in the house. They said not that they heard and she saw no sign of a hearse at the door when they came out again. A few days after that a son out of that was prayed for at Mass.He was killed by a motor-car in America.

This little school is situated within three miles of Sligo town, in the parish of Calry. There is not much of historical importance in the immediate vicinity, but am sending on what I have been able to glean.
I once heard that it got its name from a great slaughter which took place in the early 17th. century. Hugh O'Donnell was one of the parties concerned but the other I was unable to locate. Its Irish spelling should, in my opinion, be Baile an Árluigh (ár= slaughter). The old lady who told me of the

Heartache can be can be cured by doing this. Get a cup of cat meat and level it with the mouth of the cup and tie a cloth tight round the cup so that the meat will not spill.
Catch the cup in your hand and place the mouth piece to your breast and say five Our Fathers five hail Marys and five Glories. Then move to your right side, then to your left side and then to the middle of your back while saying three Our Fathers three Hail Marys and three Glories. Do this three times and while doing so the last time say five Our Fathers five Hail Marys and five Glories in honour of God and the saints that cures heartache.

Many years ago there lived an old woman near Ballinrobe, Co. Mayo, who had a cure for a headache. Many people travelled from far and near to this old woman to get rid of this terrible pain.
The cure was: She had a tape for measuring and would measure the persons head three times. Each time when measuring she would say: "In the name of the father and the son, and of the Holy Ghost." This old woman would

na trí fearsaigthe den rann go béarfadh sé a anam saor as purgadóir."

Did you ever see a half a pigs head with too eyes.
You saw it with your own two eyes.As I looked out the window I saw white chasing white out of white. A white dog chasing a white cow out of white cabbage. I have a little sister who lives in the hall and if you tough her she will scream and ball. A door bell. I have a little sister call peepidypeep she goes over the sea if it ever so deep. A star. If it took a man a week to wash himself what would it take to dry him. A towel. I have a little house it would not fit a mouse, it has so many windows as the Lord Mayors house. A timble.

Warts
Slice a potato into nine pieces and rub each piece on the warts then wrap them in a piece of paper and throw them on the road and the person that picks them up the warts from your hand goes on to his.A sprain Rub goose grease on the place where the sprain is

When is a rock, not a rock
Answer When it's a shamrockWhen is a black dog not a black dog Answer When it's a greyhound

What goes in dry and comes out wet
TeaHairy all over, rough in the skin two things wagging and won going in A pig Riddle me riddle me meree such a fiddle culd never be. Through a rock, through a bell. Through an old spinning wheel. Through a basin full of pepper. Through an old sheep's trotter. Through horses skin bone such a riddle was never known. Thunder.

Castlekock is called Cnuca. At the present time beside the Collage the ruins of the castle can still be found. A good many years a go during the time of Finn MacCumall. Finn and Con had an argument as to who owned the castle. They decided to have a battle.
Both armies had to come half way and so they met at Castleknock. Finn was killed and Con won the battle.

There is a road leading down to the Lower Rd. that is called the Woollie corner and at the top of the road there is a green patch of grass under which sheep's wool was buried and that is called the Woollie Corner.

Light a piece of brown paper then quench it and while the paper is still smoking snuff it up your nose. This is a cure for toothaches. Cobwebs is another cure for cuts.

Close by the weir on the Liffey at the Strawberry Beds there is a cave originally used in the time of the Danish invasion.
The cave was about three miles long and ended in Clondalkin; but now the rocks have grown almost across the mouth of the cave.

[Drawing]Cloch í seo thuas atá le feiscint sa ngaorthadh le muin [?] Mhangáin ar bpuaí na leamhna tmicall ¼ míle ar an d taobh dheas dín tsráid. Níl aon dáta ar ang-cloich. Deirtear gur cuireadh Easbog ran áit.

Social 40 & 42Visitation by Dr. Slattery, Wm. Heffernan P. P. [?]
1847 Sept. 7. No lease. 100 monthly Communicants. No converts, as there a re no Protestants in Parish. 3 schools. Two National. Coleman 60, Clarihan 50, Newchapel 30. Two Masses 8 & 11. 1852 19th Sept. Wm. Heffernan P. P. Same as above, but 3 schools national. Ed. Slattery, Thomas Hall & Bridgit Ryan, Teacher. Averages 50. One Hedge School, Pat Cashin Master Average 50. Instructions at Mass always in English or Irish. Population 203 families. 1855 3rd Sept. Wn. Heffernan P. P. Confraternity of Bl. Sacrament. 100 Communicants. No absentees. Three Protestant families. Edward Slattery, Thomas Hall & Johanna Hackett teachers. Average at each school 65. Population about 200 families.

people found him. His cows having run wild to the yard. At home he got a violent fit so the priest was sent for. The yard was covered with drops of blood and it was believed that one party was trying to carry him while the other was against them.
At length the priest arrived and prayed over him. He calmed down then - got over the fit. When the priest arrived he was cursing violently so the priest said to him, "Faire, faire, a Sheamuis". The old man answered á, a athair is fuiraist d' aithint nách id chois atá an dealg" He had a "book of spells" - with a black cover which he used at certain times. When he was old the missioners called on him to obtain the book. At first he refused but after some persuasion he gave it up. The missioner was delighted & carried away a fine impression of "the fine old man" as he said to the P.P.bhí cat ag Séamus 7 d'imthig an cat oidhche amháin 7 d'ól sé leamhnacht chomharsan béal dorais. Oidhche eile bhris sé crúiscín 7 tháinig Lean á ghearrán. Tháinig Séamus ón scol is dhearg a phíp. Bhuail an cat leis is dubhairt: A chailín bhig a chroidhe istig Innsim-se féin duit Mara bhfanair istigh istoídhche Go sínfear tú go tréithlag Gur dubhairt Léan Brún

newspaper. Billy's wife was inside & she said Billy had the paper taken with him though the boy saw it on the dresser.
When the wife's messenger arrived for the loan of a cart Séamus sent her the following reply -"My dear and gentle madam, I hope you'll me excuse, For writing you a line or two I hope its no abuse., One good return requires another & you I must refuse, The cart is in my pocket where Billy keeps the news" He had the power of sending rats to different places. Once, they were sent to his own home, it is believed by Ulick Kerins. When his wife saw them coming down the hill she ran and screamed and called the old man. He ordered her to bring out pails of milk and she did so. Then he got his "black book" and pronounced some words. off went the rats to the Limerick mills. He ordered that they were to swim the Feale and he gave them certain resting places on the way. When the rats came to the bridge they tried to cross but they failed each time. At last they had to face the flooded river and swim for the opposite bank. Down the Abbeyfeale road they went and as they approached John Dalton's house the owner brought out milk and meal. Here they rested for the night and next morning they started on their way. On one occasion the old man was herding in the fields Some remarkable fighting took place there between invisible foes. Old Séamus was badly beaten up when his people

In the famine days Fairfield who was a quaidian or Co. Councillor had a road made. The workers kept the dry bit of bread for dinner in their hat bands for fear the others would steal it. It wouldn't be safe to leave it in their coat pockets.
A gansún was used by a thatcher to hold scollops. It was made of rushes, firmly bound & ties. The two ends were then cut off with a knife. Over the fireplace was placed a "cuaille" is give a "batte" to the chimney to prevent smoke. In 1902 Mike bought a "crane" & paid 7/6 for it. He supplied the bands. A Sliastán was long sod in Red-digging.Balt Browne's father turned 1¼ acres Irish and filled in the stuff into two drains 140 spades long and 4' deep for a sack of meal and seventeen shillings A "tá" was a hand of rushes

old woman suddenly addressed him saying - "Well, Seán if we could but get three wishes now, how happy we would be for the rest of our lives." "Wisha, bad cest to you" says Seán what a quare thing is bouthering you?" But its like you, never satisfied."
No sooner had he finished speaking than a voice spoke behind them saying. "Your wishes are granted." They were taken by surprise but the old lady pondered. At last she said to Seán - "Seán if we had a pudding frying on that fine griósach we'd have plenty of time to think of our wishes. As soon as she said the word, lo & behold a golden pan was hanging in the air over the bright fire - nothing holding it up & there was a the fine pudding sizzing in the pan. Seán looked at the pan and then at the old woman "Bad cest, to you," said Seán, what a quare thing you asked for. I pray to God it may tie to your nose. No sooner was the word spoken than it bounced off the pan & tied to her nose and the pan disappeared. The pudding was paining her and she roaring around the house. Seán had pity for her so at last he wished that the pudding would come off her nose. No sooner wishes than the pudding hopped off and disappeared leaving the two sadder but wiser beings.

To dig a perch of a drain in 1896 it cost 6d dietless for the same drain - 3' deep.
In 1896 Mike Geaney let for contract 56 perches of a ditch. He paid £5-2-6 for the work about 1/10 a perch. The ditch was 5½' wide at the bottom. He could not tell me when the Ivy bridge was built but he remembers that his grandfather then owned the land. The contractor stayed at his house and he told the wife to put the "tay" drawing when he left the bridge which is about ¼ or ⅜ mile distancePaircín a' Gaeties is a field near the house (about ½ acre in size). Here boys and girls used to carry on some kind of a play (not a dance). He does not remember the type of play but great numbers took part in it. Móinéikín na h-Abánn is a little meadow in Loreen fluich. They say it was once a part of Knockane. The Pounds - a field where they bedded cattle by night. Paircín a' Ghleanna - Here there lived an old man Seán Hornan & his wife. They were a cranky pair and they were poor. If a thrush came in the old woman would say it was a blackbird. Then he would contradict her & on goes the fun. This winter's night the two were seated comfortably at each side of a nice "gríosach" of a fire. The

Another type is the set-off drain. This is good in solid ground The drain is dug down practically straight to a depth of 2'-3" to 2'-6". then a special instrument like a slawn with two wings cuts out a little drain about 8" high & 6" wide This can be done with a spade too. Then a [?] of good substance, preferably from manntán, well dried during the summer is placed on top of set-off to cover drain. Drains are about 4 spades part if the soil is boggy or moory but in stiff land they must be nearer.[Drawing] - Set-off Drain
Another type is the plain stone drain which is costly. The main drain is about 3' deep. The side ones 2'-9". the main drain is generally flagged. It is about 16" wide & is nearly straight down. One flag is put against side if the drain & another is put against it with a heel stone to keep it in place. Small stones are filled in to a height of 1'-9" or so. Rushes are then thrown on the stones to prevent earth from entering the drain. [Drawing] - Plain Stone Drain To dig & close a perch of this type, the owner supplying material the cost is 2/6 a perch dietless. 1937.

Another type is the set-off drain. This is good in solid ground The drain is dug down practically straight to a depth of 2'-3" to 2'-6". then a special instrument like a slawn with two wings cuts out a little drain about 8" high & 6" wide This can be done with a spade too. Then a [?] of good substance, preferably from manntán, well dried during the summer is placed on top of set-off to cover drain. Drains are about 4 spades part if the soil is boggy or moory but in stiff land they must be nearer.[Drawing] - Off-set Drain
Another type is the plain stone drain which is costly. The main drain is about 3' deep. The side ones 2'-9". the main drain is generally flagged. It is about 16" wide & is nearly straight down. One flag is put against side if the drain & another is put against it with a heel stone to keep it in place. Small stones are filled in to a height of 1'-9" or so. Rushes are then thrown on the stones to prevent earth from entering the drain. [Drawing] - Plain Stone Drain To dig & close a perch of this type, the owner supplying material the cost is 2/6 a perch dietless. 1937.

Another type is the set-off drain. This is good in solid ground The drain is dug down practically straight to a depth of 2'-3" to 2'-6". then a special instrument like a slawn with two wings cuts out a little drain about 8" high & 6" wide This can be done with a spade too. Then a [?] of good substance, preferably from manntán, well dried during the summer is placed on top of set-off to cover drain. Drains are about 4 spades part if the soil is boggy or moory but in stiff land they must be nearer.[Drawing] - Off-set Drain
Another type is the plain stone drain which is costly. The main drain is about 3' deep. The side ones 2'-9". the main drain is generally flagged. It is about 16" wide & is nearly straight down. One flag is put against side if the drain & another is put against it with a heel stone to keep it in place. Small stones are filled in to a height of 1'-9" or so. Rushes are then thrown on the stones to prevent earth from entering the drain. [Drawing] - Plain Stone Drain To dig & close a perch of this type, the owner supplying material the cost is 2/6 a perch dietless.

"Patrick Whyte who lived in Richardstown, Roscall in the parish of Lusk just a little out of the parish of Naul was a small farmer. He attended Ballyboghill school in the parish of Naul Co Dublin. He became a famous runner after that and won many races. He also won a race from Drumcondra to Balbriggan a journey of about seventeen miles in 1906.
He went to America and won races there also. At present he is living in Glasgow.

Once upon a time there were three brothers living in a little cottage in the west of Ireland and they did not know how to speak English. One year they said to one another that it was time for them to go to England and earn their living. So they set off.
When they arrived in England they did not know what to do or what to say so they began to walk helplessly up and down. After a while the eldest son went in to a house to learn all the English he could. When he went in he heard a man saying "us three sir". The second eldest son went in to another house and he heard somebody saying "for thirty shillings sir". The youngest son went in to a third house fand he heard some other one saying "I was thinking so." The three of them went along together and soon they found a man lying on the road unconscious. They began to look at him and just then a guard came along He asked them who killed the man and the oldest brother answered him with

and shook it. Immediately three hounds came running out saying "master what shall we do for service. The soldier told them to bring some money to him. The hounds kept plenty of money with him. In Ireland at that time there lived a king of Ireland.
This king had a beautiful daughter. She was so beautiful that no one could see her. The king had her locked up in a room. The soldier told the three hounds to bring him the daughter. The hounds brought the girl to him. The hounds told the soldier that they would have to leave her back again in less than ten minutes. This went on for a long time. But at last the king found out that he was stealing his daughter. He ordered his soldier to bring this soldier to his own house and hang him there. They did so. He asked if they would grant him one gift and they said yes. He told some one to go to his room and they would get a small box left in his room and to bring it. He got it and he shook it and the hounds killed before them. The king told him to stop the hounds and he would give him the daughter and all he possessed. The soldier put the hounds into their places. He married the girl and lived happily in the kings palace afterwards.

Once upon a time an old soldier was walking along an old path, thinking of all his past deeds. When all at once an old thin, horrible witch met him she spoke to him & asked him if he would be brave enough to enter a hollow tree which she said grew quite quite close to them brave as he was he thought a little but decided that he would chance his hand come what may she told him that there was no fear of any danger as she would tie one end of a rope around his body & would drop him gently to the fairy world whilst she would hold the other end. In this fairy world she told him he would see many strange things. The first thing he would see would be a large room in which there would be a large chest. On this chest a fierce dog would be a seated protecting the huge amount of coppers which were in the chest. She gave him a magic apron & told him spread it on the floor & that the dog would immediately jump from the chest & lie on the apron he did as he was told & the dog did leave the chest unprotected. The soldier took as many coppers from the chest as pleased him when he had this done he touched the apron & the dog once more returned to the chest. She told him to go to the next room & he would see something similar but in this

If a black man & a white went in a motor and if the black man ate the white man, what was the no. of the car?
281As round as a ball as a deep as a cup, all the King's army couldn't lift it up? A well. Long legs, crooked thighs, small head & no eyes? A tongs. I have a little house and a mouse wouldn't live in it and all the men in town couldn't count all the windows in it? A thimble. Thro. a wall & thro. a wall & never touches a wall? A sound All teeth and never eat? A comb. Did you ever see half a pig's head with 2 eyes? Yes - my own. Black & white & read all over? A newspaper. Fire under, fire over & never touches the fire? A cake in an oven What has a face cannot see? A Clock Lng legged father, big belly mother, 12 little children all the same colour? A clock The man that made it never wore it & the man that wore it never saw it? A coffin. At what side of the cup is the handle? On the outside What is the difference between a fly & an elephant? A fly can perch on the elephant's back and an elephant can't perch on his. what turns & never moves? A road. How many thorns in a field of furze? One & all the rest. Timber toes, iron nose & on my words it would frighten the crows? A gun What is the hardest key to turn? a donkey. What has his heart in its head? A head of cabbage

As black as ink as white as milk & it hops on the road like hailstone?
Magpie.Why do you go to bed. Because the bed wont come to you. There's a deer in Peter's park without skin, flesh, feather or bone & in Peter's park it walks alone? The sun To legs sat upon 3 legs, one leg an 2 legs, in comes 4 legs & takes away one leg. Up gets 2 legs, fire away 3 legs and brings back one leg? A woman with a leg of mutton on her lap & a dog takes it. She throws the stool at him & goes out & brings in the leg of mutton. Look at me on the face. I'm everybody, scratch my back & I'm nobody? a looking glass. What is most like a horse shoe? His other shoe. I went into the wood & got it. I looked for it & could not find & yet brought it home in my leg? A thorn What is it that has a head and cannot think, one leg and cannot walk? A pin. Patch upon patch without any stitches? A head of cabbage. What goes up when the rain comes down? An umbrella. For stumps standing, 4 lillies hanging, 2 look about, 2 crook about & a whip about. A Cow. What is the greats wonder in the map of Europe? That Hungary did not eat Turkey. Why does a cow look over the ditch? Because she can't look under it. If a fellow met a fellow in a field of green, could a fellow tell a fellow what a fellow mean. How many f's in that? None.

so enlightened with the direputiable science of mockery or have you no other method of discourse but that which is grounded on the basis of irony & ludeficate"
"Ora Bidni, dear! says he you misunderstand the simplicity and sincerity of my expression which proceeds from as generous affecting and as faithful a heart as ever was seated on the interior composition of man's frame." "Musha! badsgram to you" says she and your blandiloquent expostulations but its snugly you can introduce those endearing though precarivers spells of clarefied eloquence which tends more to ruffle the temper than to calm the disquietude of passion {sing? He says "its a wrong and a falsehood to boot To say my expressions are void of the truth, Don't think I comment with an air of collusion, On confabulate on a fondress intrusion." "Well, says she, but I am surprised at your cleverness Though yet I have a great dislike to those pronunciations and tawderly sentences which baffles the power of utterance and over-reaches the science of understanding request. You'll relinquish this protended medium of politeness which you so have awkwardly endeavoured to mantain" "O, my dear Coleen says he how commeth that your so contemptiously reprove and degrade the conviciality of my jesture and sertitude of my expressions for certainly had

Townland | Family | No. in Family | Married or Not | Ruins of old Houses (recent)
Castletown | Patrick Hayes | 4 | Married | - 10 Families | Thomas Baldwin | 4 | Married | - 50 People | Michael Lally | 8 | Married | | William Forde | 2 | Not | | Patrick Mulkare | 6 | Married | | Thomas Gardiner | 8 | Married | | Joe Mulluney | 10 | Married | | Peter Glynn | 2 | Married | | Bernard Cunnigham | 4 | Married | | Miss Moran | 2 | Not | 4 Coole | John Divincy | 2 | Married | - 10 Families | Thomas Divincy | 2 | Not | - 41 People | James Burke | 3 | Not | | Lawrence Dooley | 4 | Married | | Patrick Cahill | 8 | Married | | Joe Hanrahan | 4 | Married | | John Hehir | 5 | Married | | Thomas O Loughlin | 6 | Married | | Michael Dooley | 3 | Not | John Reilly | 4 | Married | Corker | Martin Nolan | 9 | Married | - 10 Families | Bartly Killeen | 4 | Married | - 30 People | Mary Ward | 2 | Not | Thomas Fahy | 3 | Widower | Tom Donohue | 6 | Married |

devil." "Well," said Pat, "I will not take you to stand for my child because you go about the world tempting people to sin." Then he disappeared.
Pat went on his way until he met another man. He asked him what was his name and he said, "I am the death." "Well," said Pat, I will take you with me because you take rich and poor with you. The two men went to the house and brought the child to the chapel to be baptized. When they came home from the chapel the death told the father of the child to make a doctor of the child. He also told him to tell him to cure the person that he would be at the feet and not to cure the person that he would be at his head. When he was sixteen years he was a doctor. He used to do as the death told him for a good while and he was soon a rich man.

Once upon a time there lived in Attymass a man named Pat and his wife named Mary. O He had twenty seven children. He was a very poor man. One morning the twenty eighth son was born for him. He had all the neighbours and friends standing for his children so he decided to go on the road and look for someone to stand for his child.
He set off and he was not long on the road when he met a man. Pat asked him what was his name and he said, I am God. "Well" said Pat, "I will not take you to stand for my child because you put some people to hell and you take more people to Heaven." Then he disappeared. Pat went his way again and it was not long until he met another man. Pat asked him what was his name and he said, "I am the

a kind of frame and there are two square irons on the frame on which the churn is placed. There are kind of hinges on the top of those irons which make the irons move. There are two little irons on the bottom of the churn which fit into the iron. There is a hole in one end of the churn to let out the buttermilk.End On End Churn
There is another churn called and end-on-end churn. It is a kind of barrel and it is left on a stand. There are two little iron stems coming out of each two sides and they are left into two little hollows in the stand. The barrel is turned around by a handle which is in the side of it. The milk falls from one end of the churn to the other and there is a plug in the side of the churn for letting out the air and the buttermilk

of barrel left on the ground and there is a kind of a lid on the top to keep the milk from coming up. This lid is called a "clabereen". There is a hole in the middle of this lid through which goes a stick. There is a dash within in the churn and it rattles up the milk. The churns are mostly painted red and bule and brownThe Push-Churn
The push churn is much like a cradle but it is closed on the top. There is a square hole on the top on which there is a lid with a little block of wood sticking up out of it for a handle. There are two bits of round wood nailed on the end of the churn and one person sits at each end of the churn. When one person pulls the churn, the other one pushes it toward him and they move it backwards and forwards until it is churned. The churn is left on

not give any buttermilk, on May Day for fear they would have no butter for the rest of that year.
Long ago the people used to go out on New Years Day and milk some otherbody's cow. The person that the cow belonged to, would not have any butter off that cows milk for the year. Long ago the people used to put a lump of unsalted butter up on the rafters of the house, of the first milk after a cow would calf, for fear the fairies would take that butter Long ago the people used to mix up unsalted butter and sugar and eat it when they would have a sore throat and it would cure them.Churns There are different kinds of churns. The people long ago used mostly use dash churns and push-churns The dash-churn is a kind

bank of turf, and when he lifted it he found a wooden dish with powder in it and when he took the dish in his hands, it went to powder
Long ago when the people of the house would be churning, if any strange person came into the house, they would not let them out again until they would have their hand on the churn for fear they would take the butter with them. when the people long ago used to be churning they used to put a coal under the churn for fear the fairies would take the butter Long ago when the people would be going milking a cow they would bring a kindled coal with them and they would milk the first drop of milk from every teat on the coal for fear the fairies would take the butter of that milk when it was churned Long ago the people would

Sicimí, sicimí, seach
Do dhíolas do dhíolas ab blách Gach iula deórm di dguikas ab scúr Sicimí, sicimí, seachLong ago the people had no churn and they used to thicken the milk in a bottle. When the churning was done they took out the butter and salted it. They would then put the butter into a pail and put it on their head and go barefooted to the market with it. Some of the people long ago used to pack their butter in wooden dishes and firkins and bury it until there was a good price for it. Sometimes they used to forget where they buried it and it would remain in the ground. One day Patrick Kimeafry of (Barrets Town) Carrowkerribla was cutting turf in the Carrowkerribla bogs and he came across a flag in the

There was a man once, who used to make poteen. The priests often told him, that it was not right for him, to be making it, but he never heeded them. He had a small house made in the bog, and he had the still and the vessels there. One evening, he told his wife, that he was going making poteen, and that he would not be back for a good while. However, he went to the bog, and made the poteen. When he had it made, he went out for turf. He came in, and put it under the still, for to make more poteen. He sat down on a form and took a glass of the poteen he had made. When he looked over to the still, what did he see but a big black dog with a glass in his paws sitting on the floor, beside the still. He knew it was the devil, and he ran home for a shovel, and broke the still, and the other vessels in pieces. Ever since that, he never made the poteen.

What walks with its head down?
A nail in your boot'Tis here 'tis there, 'tis everywhere, 'tis up on top of Killarney, it takes a bite as big as a horse & never eat it after? A scythe I went up the road, and I came down the road, and I comes the road on my back? A ladder. I have a little Kerry cow, she's tied to the wall, she'll eat all you give her + drink nothing at all? A fire. I have a little Kerry cow, she hangs on the wall, she'll drink all you give her + eat nothing at all? A lamp. What weight is the moon? 1 cwt (4 quarters). What stands beside the ditch if you touch it, it will itch you? Nettle. By long Tom, with a big red nose, the quicker it runs, the quicker it goes? A candle. What has a foot & no heel? A hill. What has 3 feet two legs? A Yard. What full + holds more? (a pot full of potatoes when you pour water in) Headed like a thimble, tailed like a rat, you'd be guessing for ever & you wouldn't guess that? A pipe Two n's, two o's an l & a d put them together & spell them for me? London Why does a man die? To get to the other side What is the difference between a lady & a postage stamp? One is a female (fee mail) & the other is a mail fee. Under the water, over the water & never touche the water? A shadow. The more you take from it the bigger it gets? a hole What is able to keep up to a greyhound running? his tail. Why is Sunday the strongest day in the week? Because all

What do we talk of every day and yet it never comes?
Tomorrow.What is it that is full of holes & yet holds water? A Sponge What time is it when the clock strikes 13? Time to get it repaired. What would make more noise than a pig under a gate? Two pigs. What is the best thing to put in a cake? Your teeth. What houses are the lightest? Lighthouses What glasses break easiest? Tumblers. What does an artist like drawing best? His salary. Why is a shoemaker's shop like hell? Because it is full of bad soles. (souls) Where the sun is shining very brightly what sign is it? That it is not dark. How may feet have 40 sheep a shepherd and his dog? Two. If you saw a man in the month of June with an old coat full of patches what time would it be? Time to get a new one. Londonderry, Cork & Kerry spell me that without a k? That. Why are the knights the strongest people in the town? Because they are Samsons (Sam's sons)

one trains the mind & the other minds the trains.If a fiddler in Brosna had a brother a fiddler in Castleisland the fiddler in C Island had a brother a fiddler in Brosna what was the fiddler in C Island to the fiddler in Brosna?
(His sister) Why does a Frenchman crack a match up & an Irishman crack his match down? To light it If Jack's father was Paddy's brother what was Jack to Paddy's mother? Her grandson. Twenty sick sheep went out a gap, one died how many were left? Nineteen. What has an eye and no head? A needle. Riddle me, riddle me, randyo, my father gave me seeds to sow, the seeds were black and the ground was white, riddle me, riddle me, randyo? writing a letter. If you walk along very fast what do you make? Haste. What is it that a miser spends and a spendthrift saves? Nothing. I am an object you all know, always running to & fro. I run as quickly as can be and leave a trail for all to see and when I'm taken well in hand I leave a mark in any land? A writing pen. Why does tying a horse to a post improve his pace? because it makes him fast. Why should you ride a camel if you want to get rich? because you are no sooner up than you're better off. Which bird can lift the heaviest weight? The Crane

[-]

9. Everyone has it and so has the fire?
A name.10. Put out your hand and you will see what never was or never will be? That your thumb is not as long as the other fingers. 11. What part of the cow goes into the byre first? Her breath. 12. Brought to the table, cut, divided round but never eaten? A pack of cards. 13. A room full, and a room full, and a room full, and cannot catch a spoonful. Smoke. 14. Black and white, and read all over? Paper. 15. As I went out on yonder gap I met my uncle Dan. I cut off his head, and sucked his blood and left him lying easy? Blackberry. 16. I went into the wood to get brosna I neither has ash, oak, or elm but I had Brosna? I had a dog called Brosna.

Clarence Dock,
Where numbers of our Irish boys they met us in the town, Three cheers for Paddy's lovely land was the word that went around.IV With one consent, away we went to drink strong ale and wine; And each man drank a favourite health to the girl he left behind, We drank and sung till the ale house rung despising Erins foes. Or any man that hates the land where St Patrick's Shamrock grows V Next morning by the break of day as quickly so you hear, One hundred strong, we marched along, without either dread or fear, Each man had his blackthorn stick he brought from Paddy's land. And a hook that gleamed like polished steel or silver in his hand VI For three days we tramped away high wages for to find, And on the following evening we came

to a railway line,
The navvies they came up to us and loudly they did rail, They cursed and damned the Paddies and the sons of Granuail.VII Up steps Barney Walsh and says "What do you mean, Are we not men as well as you and havent we a name, So Faugh-a-Ballah, clear the way, for some of you must fall, Here stands the sons of Irish men that never feared a ball. Three verses left out (see them outside) Last verse. VIII So, here's long life to Reilly Mc Cormick and Mc Cabe, And likewise brave Mc Corner who never was afraid, And every man from Paddy's land who fought upon that day, And forced those English navvies in crowds to run away.

VIII
Up steps Barney Reilly who knocks their gauger down. Twas there the [?] stones, my boys, like hail came flying around. We fought from half-past four until the sun was going to set. When Reilly says, my Irish boys, I fear we will be "bet". (beaten)IX Come now with me, my Country men. Resume this fight once more. We assailed the foes one every side. More desperate than before. We will let them know before we go, we'd sooner fight than fly. For at the worst of times, my boys, you know we'd sooner die. X When the fight began the second time, [?] then you'd see some [?] The hooks and sticks were fleshing. Say the navies - "We are undone." The cowardly clans, away they ran, their heads and arms full sore. So remember Barney Reilly & the boys From Ballinamore" See last verse of "Boys from Ballinamore" on the preceding page.

meet at a certain crossroads. The youngest son went down a narrow lane, till he came to an old house. He went in and there was a black cat at the fire. So, the cat spoke to him and he told the black cat what the King sent him for. So the cat said; Go into that old house, it is full of birds and they are tame and you can take your choice." He went to the crossroads where they were to meet and the youngest son had the nicest bird. So, he gave his bird to the eldest son in exchange. So, they set off for the King's Palace and the oldest son had the nicest bird. He sent them again to see which of them would bring him the nicest horse. So, they were to meet again at the same crossroads. And the youngest son went down the same old lane and went into the same old house and the black cat was sitting at the fire. She told him to go into the same house. He went in and got the horse and went to the crossroads and the two sons were there. And the young son gave his horse to the eldest son for his horse. The went home to the king and the eldest son had the nicest horse. He sent them again to see which of them would bring him the nicest cat. The young son went down the same lane. He went into the same house and brought the black cat from the fire. He went to the crossroads and me the two sons and the youngest had the nicest cat. So the

and the same thing happened. When he went home, Murrough Mor burned out his eyes and left him in an old church, where cats used to come every night and eat anyone that was there. That night the cats came, and the young ones asked an old cat to tell a story. The old cat told them to search the church, and, if they found anyone, to tear them into pieces because it was secret she was going to tell. The cats began to search the church, but they never saw Murrough Beg. Then the old cat said; "The king's daughter is very sick. No one know what is wrong with her. One day I was drinking milk out of a jug and she came up and hit me a kick to put me away. Before I took my head out, I spat back a mouthful of milk. She drank that milk. Nothing can cure her, but three spoonfuls of water out of the well at the end of the church." When morning came Murrough Beg scrambled out to the well at the end of the church and rubbed some of the water to his eyes. In a minute, his eyes were better. Then he filled his shoe with water and went to the king's palace to cure the princess. The doctors wanted to put him away; but the kind ordered him to be let in. Murrough Beg gave the princess three spoonfuls of water and she was cured. Then it was arranged that Murrough Beg and the princess would be married; because that was the prize for the person that would cure her. When Murrough Beg told Murrough Mor about the cats, nothing would do him but for his eyes to be burned out and for him to be left in the church that night. Murrough

Long ago, in the Penal days, Mass was said on a rock in Aughavas. The name of the priest was Fr. John Mac Gowan. One Christmas morning, he had a narrow escape from being killed by the English. A messenger used to be sent to every Catholic to tell them when Mass would be said. One of the Catholics became a Protestant and told the English where Mass would be said. Sentries used to be left on the hilltops around the Mass rock, when Mass was being said. The traitor was left as a sentry. He let the English soldiers come up without warning. The priest's horse was beside the rock. The priest jumped on him. He was a great horse and before long he left the English far behind him. The traitor lived in a little cabin on the side of a hill. He lived alone. Ever after he would think that he heard noise all through the house, this continued for a long time. One day, when he came in, he heard a voice saying: - "Why did you do it". Ever after that he repented. He went to confession and never ceased attending Mass again.Another story is told about a man who ceased

her uncle, the richest farmer in all that land. He had many servants and a wife who brought him a large fortune and two fair daughters. They were very poud and would scarcely speak to those whom they thaught beneath them. Although she was their relation she was made do the hardest work in the house. One day the rich farmer invited his friends to a feast. When they were enjoying themselves, a knock came to the door. It was an old woman begging for food and a night's lodging. The people told her to be gone for a wicked witch, and they threw stones at her. The little girl rose from her seat and told the woman to take her share of the food and her bed. She seated herself at the table and next morning she was gone without a word of thanks. She came again two more nights and every morning she was gone without a word. The next night she came, she gave the little girl a dog to mind for a year. At the end of the year, she came for the dog. She said she was going to have a feast, and she asked the girl to go.

puts it on around flag of iron and then he throws water on it to cool it and then he joins it together.
A blacksmith lives about 4 and a half miles from Rathdowney and the door is shaped like a horse-shoe. A blacksmith is a very strong man. When he has all his work finished he puts the work in a big shed to keep them safe. The old people say that a blacksmith has the power to banish rats. The people say that the forge water is a cure for warts.

There are five blacksmiths in Rathdowney.One of them lives on the Northern side of the street. He has a house made of boards and tar on it.
He has a lot of implements such as anvil, bellows, sledge hammer, and a small one, bench, a box of nails, pinchers and a knife for cutting the horses hoofs and a drill for boring the holes in the irons. He has a box for all the tools which he keeps them tidy. He repairs ploughs but long ago they made them. The bellows is for to make them hot and join them together. He also bines wheels. First he makes a ring with stones the size of the wheels. Next he puts turf on it to make them hot. Then he

110. It's under the water and over the water and never touches the water
(An egg in a duck)111. As white as snow, and snow it isn't As green as grass, and grass it isn't As red a blood, and blood it isn't As black as coal, and coal it isn't (A blackberry) 112. A small man with a red nose The longer he lives the shorter he grows. (A cigarette) 113. Why is a walking stick like a factory? (Because there is a staff in it) 114. What is a bridge without a plank or stone? (Ice in a pond) 115. It is in the meadow and it is not cut It is in the shop and it is not sold It is in the river and it is not drowned (The rays of the sun) 116. I have a room full And I cannot get a spoon full (Smoke) 117. Twenty four white horses all in a stall The red one came out and licked them all (Your teeth and tongue) 118. What is taken from you before you get it? (Your photo) 119. How could you make oil boil? (To put b before it)

99. Black and white went up the hill.
Black came down and white stayed above. (A hen laying an egg on a hill)100. A white man with a red nose, The longer he lives the shorter he grows. (A candle) 101. A head like a thimble and a tail like a rat Many a thing you'll think of before you think of that (A pipe) 102. What with four legs has the most feathers? (A bed) 103. What it does in the day it covers in the night (Ashes) 104. Muitún iarainn is droibaillín olna (Snáthad is snáth) 105. An rud is mó a bhfuil suíle air agus nach bhfeiceann [?] 106. A flock of white sheep on a red hill, Here they go, there they go, and now they stand still (The teeth and the tongue) 107. Patch upon patch without any stitches Riddle me that and I'll buy you a pair of breeches (A head of cabbage) 108. Riddle me, riddle me. what's that over the head and under the hat (The hair of the head) 109. A little brown man carries his house on his back (A snail)

Birds found in the district.
Snipe, plover, patridge, wood cock, Wild duck, swans, cormorants, curlews, pheasants, blackbird, wrens robins, owls, thrushes, curlew, waterhens, yellowhammors, sparrows, bats, goldfinchs, blackbirds, rooks, jackdaws, woodpeckers, wagtails, swallows, white blackbirds,Birds | Where nest is built | Kind of nest | Migrate wild duck | on bank of stream | dry gras and moss | no swans | on bank of stream | rushes and haw | no curlews | | | no pheasants | on the ground | bunch of rushes | no blackbirds | on hedge | hay and moss | no wrens | under stumps | moss and feathers | no robins | holes in ditches | hair and moss | no owls | in old houses | | no thrushes | on forks of trees | moss and hay | no waterhens | on bank of streams | withered rushes | no yellowhammer | on stoney ditches | hay | no sparrow | under thatch | mud and hair | no bats | under eaves of houses | | no

into it and he stood up on it and threw all his keys into it and his sin wouldn't be forgiven unless he would get the keys without looking for them. He was in the woods living on fruit and and grass for seven or eight years until one bad night came and he was afraid he would be lost. He saw a very dim light through the woods and he said he might get lodging from the bad night. So he faced the wood until he came to the little light, and he rapted at the door and he went in and there was no one inside but a girl and her brother and he asked for lodgings and the girl said he would and the boy said no and she said if he'll go out I'll go with him and I won't return again. So the boy said he'd leave him inside and it was a robber's hut and there did two men come in with a cow and the killed her and began skinning her a put a bit of it boiling and the girl was giving a bit of it to the priest and he said he couldn't eat it that he was two long fasting. Then the third brother came a strap of salmon and one of them were as long as the table and she asked him would he ate a bit of the salmon and he said he might eat a bit of it but no much.
She gutted the fish and what would she get inside in it but a chain and the keys inside in it and she called them all to see them and she showed them to the priest and the very minute he saw them he knew them well. "They are mine" he said with a smile. I am so my years in the wilderness and told them how it happened. The was a man who died in my parish and he had the name of a great thief and I didn't like to pray for him and he appeared in the altar

There was a man there long ago and he had the name of a great thief, and when he died the priest wouldn't pray for him. It was the name he had Cían na mBeann Óir. The Sunday after he dying he appeared as a spirit on the altar to the priest. Pray who are you said the priest. I am the man who died a few days ago and you wouldn't pray for me and I never put any one out of my house and God left me into His house. The priest shook his head and he judged himself and he found he had sinned when he didn't pray for him. The spirit disappeared and the priest celebrated Mass and ate his breakfast and walked away and the was a bridge near by that the was four rivers comming

What have you to say in the matter. I'll say to put you to death said the horse.
"Where is all the feeding I gave you and all the bedding I gave you and all the caring I gave I gave you?" said the man. "You fed me well while I was able to work for you" said the horse. Where is all the money I ever earned for you and when I was no good what did you do with me. You three me into this forest and left me to live or die. "I say said the horse you must be put to death and no mercy for you." "All right said the man." So they went away and the next animal the met was the fox. "Good morning for said the man." "Good morning said the fox. Such a thing said the man, "I came for a beart of fuel to the wood and I saw the serpent caught in a trap and she would do all she could for me if I saved her life. So I did and after a while she would put me to death." "Yerra," said the serpent I was only fooling him. I could get out of that without any trouble. "I say," said the fox," you won't be put to death. I did a lot of harm to the people and they chased me and they were right. Come on now said the fox to the serpent, "you said you could get out of the trap. Come on now and we will put you into it again. They came to the spot and the fox told the man to fix her the very same way she was before, and if she was there since she couldn't come out, "Well now," said the fox "can you come out? "And you want to kill this poor man. Now said the fox to the man "have you got any weapon about you?" I have a good knife." said the man. Oh, you have the

There did a man go to a wood collection some fuel for fire and he came across a serpent and she caught in a trap where she couldn't come out. She called the man and told him she would do all she could for him if he took her out of the trap. So the man took her out and after a while she said that she would put him to death. "Is that my thanks?" said the man. Yerra I could get out of the trap myself I was only just trying you. The man said she had no right to put him to death. "Well," said she "we'll leave it to the first three animals in the forest. So they went away and the first animal they met was the cow. "Good morning cow said the man. "Good morning said the cow. I was gathering fuel in the wood and this serpent caught in a trap and she would do all she could for me if I took her out of the trap and I did, and she said she would put me to death and we left it to the first three animals in the forest and you are the first one and what will you say. I say to put you to death said the cow. Where is all the feeding I gave you?" said the man. You fed me well while I was able to give you milk, and when I got old what did you do with me? You drove me into this wood and left me live or die. So they travelled on. They next animal they met was the horse. "Good morning horse," said the man. "Good morning," said the horse." Well said the man I wanted fuel and I came to the wood and I saw this serpent caught in a trap and she said she would would do all she could for me if I took her out. So I did and after a while she said she would put me to death and we left it to the first three animals in the forest and your are the second.

Boils. Mix an equal quantity of soap and sugar.Burns. Common tan spread on brown paper.
Chopped Hands. Wash in water in which mutton-suet was dissolved. Chilblains. Poultice with roasted onions or onions. Deafness. Insert a few drops of onion juice into the ear a few times a day. Pain in the ear. Put a roasted onion to it as hot as can be borne. Sore Eyes. Pound some dwarf ivy sprinkled with water. Put into a thin cloth press out the juice and bottle it. Dress the eyes 2 or three times a day with this. Hiccough. Take 30 drops of the spirit of hartshorn in a glass of cold water. Lumbago. Bruise onions and apply them as a poultice Consumption. Gather the blossoms.

The juice of blackberries mixed with brown sugar and taken morning and night cures the coughThe male leaf of the fern boiled on milk and the liquid, taken fasting cures worms in children.
Horse radish grated and mixed with cream cures consumption. The common docket leaf cures burns.

LumbagoAn old woman (long dead) used to have a cure for Lumbago or a pain in the back. She was "left" this cure by a man & she in her turn had to leave it to a man.
She met her "client" at a stream flowing towards the rising sun. Out of this stream she picked stones up a certain size nicely rounded - like paving stone I think. Seven was the number. Her "client" bared his or her back As each stone was rubbed to the affected part in turn a certain prayer was recited. This prayer was a secret to be handed down with the cure. The "doctor" & patient both faced the rising sun, AT SUNRISE on seven successive mornings, while this was being done. As each stone was used it was thrown in the direction of the sun. The woman who HAD this cure ceased to practise years before her death,. The patients had either all been cured or had lost faith in her She got a small offering for her trouble

A black cat's ear tied around a child's neck cures chin-cough.
Thrush: - A ganders bill put into a child's mouth will cure "Thrush". This remedy is still used in this locality. Warts: - (1) The white juice of the stalk of the flowering dandelion is used for curing warts. (2) A black snail is also used the snail is rubbed to the wart and then stuck on a growing thorn. As the snail decays the wart shrivels and disappears. (3) A raw potato is cut in two and rubbed for nine successive mornings to the wart. If the potato rots without sprouting the cure is believed to be certain. (4) The fasting spit applied to the wart for nine successive mornings is considered an unfailing remedy for warts. borns: - (1) Walk barefooted on frosty grass three times and corns disappear. (2) In summer the dew is equally effective.(3) A day's walking in a wet bog with leaking boots on gets rid of the corn. (4) Pare corn and cover with young dockleaf when going to bed relieves the trouble. Backache:- (1) There is still in Ballyfruta the old entrance to a disused graveyard. It consists of one flag laid on top of three vertical stones. The openings between the central stone and the outer ones is about fifteen inches. The top flag on which

Scabs (on arm or any other part concerned for cure)
Boil new hay in water, keep the arm in the boiling water as long as you can stand it. Scab or any sore – 1. Rub on a bit of butter and get the dog to lick it 2. Or catch the cat and rub her nail along it 3. A fasting spit is supposed to be a sure cure for sores, pimples, and ring-worms. Stone-bruise – 1. Warm chicken-weed on hob. When leaves are warm apply to the bruise. This is the soft juicy chick. weed which grows abundantly in petals, dries, it bears slightly glossy leaves and sprawls on ground. 2. Rotten apple or cold stone applied to swelling caused by a blow or fall on hard object or stone will keep down the swelling, or even prevent it rising. 3. Apply plaster of soap and sugar for stone-bruise. Back Ache – get a person who came feet foremost into the world to walk over the patient’s back. There is a curse in that person’s feet. (continued from previous page 119) 6 Whooping Cough – let child wet a piece of bread (see loose leaflet here) give this to a dog. The child will recover. “the dog is was who died!” 7 Put child into an open grave before the coffin is put down.

is used for various things.
Bandages soaked in cold water is a good cure for the headache. To cure the tooth ache frog spawn are used by rubbing the jaw with the, or by putting pepper or mustard in the tooth. To cure rough skin or pimples good cream off the milk is used. If you got a thorn in your hand and it festered soap and sugar mixed is the best poultice you could put on it. To creep under a rock is good for the back ache, or to creep under a briar seven times before your breakfast. A good cure for pains in your legs is soak bandages in boiling water and tie them around the leg where the pain is. Only for some of those cured we might be dead.

insect and do not ever go near the place where you buried it.
6. Head-ache : Get brown paper and soak it in vinegar. Then put it in the handkerchief and tie it around the head of the person. 7. Back-ache : Put a hare-skin up the chimney to dry, then put it around your back and leave it on it, until the pain is gone. 8. Whooping-cough : A person whose father and mother, and their father and mother had the same surname, can cure the whooping-cough by saying a certain prayer 9. Burn : (a) A cure for a burn is carron oil, that is an equal part of lime and linseed oil mixed. (b) Shake bread-soda on the burn once, making the sign of the cross.

The cure for lumbago is a mustard plaster. Get some mustard or two pieces of swanskin and tie it round the back and it will cure it or or get mustard and linseed meal and make a poultice of it and put it to the back and it will soon cure it.

Wear a skein of black purse silk around the waist.Wear the "D" violin string round the waist & have it worn next the skin.

People often have lumbago. It is a very sore thing to have but it is said if you take glauber salts every second morning you will never get it again.

Pain in the Back
Turpentine sprinkled on red flannel and applied to the back

65. If an ass was tied to a rope 3 feet long and a bundle of hay be 6 feet away; how would he get to it?
(The rope wasn't tied to anything and he could walk to it)66. Who was the the tallest poet? (Longfellow) 67. How many shoes does a well-shod horse require? (None) 68. What shoe is mot like a horse's shoe? (A mare's shoe) 69. Why is [?] street in Tuam like a river? (Because it has 2 banks) 70. How may sides has a boat? (Two, inside and outside) 71. When was the letter 'B' the first letter of the alphabet? (In the time of No a (Noah)) 72. When is a door not a door? (When it is ajar) 73. What's taken and shaken before use? (A door mat) 73. What's shaken before taken? (A bottle of medicine) 74. It went to Scotland and didn't go in it. It came back and didn't go back. (A watch) 75. The more you pull it the shorter it gets? (A cigarette)

wood. He cut a bunch of hair off the horse's tail and tied the horse to a tree. He went back to the edge of the wood and climbed up into a high tree holding the bunch of hair in his hand. Soon he saw the man of the house coming and he began to wave the bunch of hair to and fro. The man asked him if he had seen a man with a horse and cart pass that way. "Indeed I did," said Eoghainín. "Only a few minutes ago I saw a man with a horse and cart go up this tree. I followed them and as I grabbed to get into the cart, as I knew it was going straight to Heaven, this is all I got."
The poor foolish man then knelt down at the bottom of the tree and began thanking God for he thought the stuff had gone to Heaven. Eoghainín found the horse and cart and set out for home. But when he reached home he found that his mother was not there. She had tarred herself and had then gone into a big tick of feathers hoping that she could then fly to the top of a high hill and see where her son was. In her effort to fly she had fallen into a deep pit. Her son set out to look for her. He saw the clump of feathers in the pit and seeing

He went over to the man and found there was no neck in the shirt. He asked then what they would give him if he fixed it for them and they say they would give him £20. He got a scissors and cut a hole in the top of it and then it slipped on easily, and Eoghainin received his £20.
The man then went out to his work and when he had left Eoghainin told the woman that he was an angel from heaven. She asked him if he had see Seán Ó Cuinn, her former husband or "had he any kind of a good place there." Eoghainin told her that he was naked on a bare rock starved and perished. She told him to got out and harness Bob, the biggest horse in the stable and bring him round to the front of the house. Eoghainin did so and when he returned she had a bed, two cwts flour, and tea and sugar and a new suit of clothes and a pair of shoes in readiness. She placed them on the cart and told Eoghainin to take them to Seán. Eoghainin started off, and knowing only too well that the man of the house would pursue him he thought of a plan to escape. He drove the horse into the midst of a thick

give him £20. Eoghainin asked her for some dough. She gave it to him and he proceeded to cover the bottom of the sieve with it and left it in the sun to dry. Then he filled it with water and brought it in and received £20.
Once on the road again he said to himself "There is one as foolish as my mother." He continued on his journey when one sunny day he saw a woman come from her house with a bucket in her hand to bring in the sun! She used to hold up the bucket to the sun and then run into the house with it. He went up to her and inquired what she was doing. "I am trying to make the sun shine on the hearth-stone," said she. He offered to help her and she willingly agreed. He got an iron bar and he made a hole in the wall opposite the fire and at once the sun shone on the hearth-stone. She was so delighted that she went to the room and brought down £20 which she handed to him. He set out once more, saying to himself "There are two as foolish as my mother." At the end of six months he heard great shouting in the house and going in he saw a man sitting on a chair with his shirt half on him and his wife hammering him with a beetle on the head trying to put it on.

Once upon a time there lived a woman with her son Eoghainin in a little hut. The landlord had threatened them that if the rent was not paid within a month he would have them evicted. So poor Eoghainin said he would go to the fair and sell one of their cows but his foolish mother said that she herself would go.
She set out for the fair with the advice from her son "to get the highest penny in the fair." She journeyed up and down the fair shouting "I want the highest penny in the fair for this cow". A wise old jobber tied up three pence in a handkerchief and tied it to the top of a stick and held it up over his head. "Here is the highest penny in the fair" said he. "O, give me that," said the old woman, "that's what I want." She went home and told her son that she got the highest penny in the fair for the cow. When Eoghainin saw the few coppers he was very angry and said that he himself would go to the next fair with the other cow. When the fair day came Eoghainin drove out the cow but the old woman insisted on taking her to the fair herself. The son again advised her to get the highest penny in the fair

began to walk on and what should he see hanging from a tree but his companion! He had on a new pair of shoes. Paddy thought that they would be fine for himself. He began to loose them but he could not take them off as they were frozen to the dear man's feet.
He thought he would play a trick on the O'Gradys, so taking out his knife he cut off the two legs. He went back to O'Grady's byre and place them under the straw with the tops of the shoes showing out from beneath it. That done he 'struck out' for the fair when the O'Gradys arose the father at once sent out Jimeen to call in Paddy to his breakfast of 'stirabout and buttermilk'. He called and called, but got no reply. At last he went over to the cow's head and caught hold of Paddy's two legs (as he thought,) but to his horror there was nothing there but the two legs! He ran in and told his father that the cow had eaten Paddy the Piper, and he showed him the new pair of shoes that he had heard Paddy talking about buying. In dismay, he ordered, Jimeen and his mother to take the cow to the fair and sell her. "For," said he, "she is a man-eater and a

journeying to the house of Seán Ó Gráduigh. They heard a few shots from the hill nearby, and they at once knew that the soldiers were about. They stood for a minute to decide what way they should go. "I will go around the road," said Paddy "it is the safest." "Well, I will take across the fields" said his comrade.
Paddy headed for the road and he had not gone far when a short rang out. He knew it was his comrade the English had found. Paddy hastened his steps till he call to the hose of Seán Ó Grádaigh. He knocked at the door, but Seán told him he could not let him in as the soldiers had been there searching for him only a few hours before. "But," he said "go to the cow-house and lie under the old cow's head, she is as quiet a 'creathur' as is to be found in the country and she will not harm your, and Jimeen will call you in time for the fair in the morning." Paddy did as he was told. He woke up in the early hours of the morning and looked out to see (as he thought) the sun shining. He jumped up and picked up his pipes and ran as fast as he could until, suddenly, he noticed it was not the sun was shining but the moon. He now

Séan o Laoghaire and family were dairying one time in the County Cork. They lived in a little house in the backyard, when they all the work.
There were near by three sisters, one of whom was married to a weaver, another was married also in the neighbourhood and the third was dark. A son of one of those women was working in the same farm as John O Leary for ten years. One night late when carrying home something, a strange figure met him on the path. He could not say what it was, but shortly after he got pains all over. As he was not getting better he sent word to the farmer to employ some other man. The farmer much to his regret at the loss of such a good servant paid him his hire and let him go. The three sisters, one of whom was the boys mother got the water which met at three boundaries brought it home, and rubbed it to the boy's sore.

cry, when the right eye itches we will laugh. Hot ears signify a scolding. A singing in the years denote a call for help from the souls in Purgatory. To hear stones falling at night is the sign of a death of a friend. A fall over a grave is a premonition of death for the person who falls. When two persons say the same thing together they will live another year. If a marriagable boy or girl falls over a chair, or if while sitting on a chair they are accidentelly knocked with the chair they will not marry for another year. To fall down stairs has the same significance. It is an ill omen for anybody else to fall downstairs. To fall upstairs is a sign of good luck. If a person falls forward in a weakness he dies, if he falls backward he lives. A mother never attends the funeral of her first born. One overlooks a child if while praising it one neglects to say "God bless it." When a child sneezes an older person says "God bless us."
A child sneezed one night; the stepmother neglected to say "God bless us", and a voice in the darkness remarked "God bless us" as your mother is not there to say it for your." The offence was not repeated.

that.
On the appointed night Líam óg went to town and bought a big hamper of whiskey. As soon as it was dark he proceeded to the stable with the whiskey and laid down inside a sow that was at the other end of the stable. Presently one of the servants came to see the sow, and on finding the poor lad perished with the cold took him into the fire. He was apparently so exhausted that in his efforts to get up one of the bottles of whiskey rolled out in the straw. When the boy was safe and warm near the fire the servant took the whole hamper of whiskey as well as the bottle which rolled out in the straw. He and the guards in the stable drank it, till they rolled under the horses legs. The boy then took the horse home to his father, who took him to O Donoghue. "I am not satisfied yet" said O Donoghue. "He must steal the sheet from under me and my wife in the bed, otherwise he will be shot, for I will be armed." Liam óg dup up a corpse which was newly buried, and dressed him in his own clothes, and let him down the chimney into

[-]

It was raised and slated by Father Mc Grath, P. P., Lattin about 80 years ago. The P. P. did not ask for any funds from the parishioners for the reconstruction. Mrs. O Grady (90) contradicts this, and says that she never heard of a church being where the school is.
Edmond Griffin, (60) Ballinulty, Cullen, Tipperary says there was also an old church in Rathduff where Mahoneys now live. I am also informed by Mrs. O Grady (90) Attybreaga Cullen that this is so. She says that the borheen beside Mahoney's Yard was called the third Bohreen in her young days. Mr. Griffin also says that there was an old Protestant church just inside the lower gate of the graveyard, and that some of the cut stones of this church were later used in the construction of the protestant church in Monard; some were used in the construction of the present Catholic church in Emly and the remainder including the spire were bought by the late Principal of Cullen School, Mr. Matthew Hogan and used in the construction of his house now occupies by a family called English (Mrs. English is a grand-daughter of the teacher mentioned).

I have a little hose, and a mouse would'nt fit in it
And all the men in Kerry could not count all the windows in it [A thimble]It hops on the road like hailstones [A magpie] Inside and outside, and still it is under the roof [A window] Under the water; over water; and still it never touches the water [the moon] A housefull, a yard full, and still I cannot get a dishfull [Smoke]. There is a man in the fild. If you touch his hand his nose will bleed. [A pump] What goes up when the rain comes down [An umbrella] What does a woman look for and never wishes to find? [A hole in her stocking] Four fingers and a thumb, and it has neither flesh nor bones [A glove]. 'Tis in; 'tis out; 'tis like a trout; 'tis slippery wet and greasy [Your tongue] Two brothers [?]; hard pressed Never at ease till you got to rest [A pair of boots] What is it that has ears and cannot hear [A pot] What has teeth and cannot eat [A saw] As black as ink; as white as milk & it hops on the road like hailstones. [A magpie] What parts of a cow goes over the ditch first [Her breathe]

As I went out a slippery gap. I met my uncle Davy. I cut off his head and left his body 'aisy'
[head of cabbage]Why does a cow look over the ditch [Because she cannot look under it] Why does a hen pick a pot? [Because she cannot lick it] How many grains of meal will make a spoon of stirabout. [one if it were big enough] I have a little Kerry cow; she sits by the wall She eats what she gets, and drinks none at all [a pump] In a fild there is a cup; and in there cup there is a sup; and everyone must taste it [Death] In never bawls out till caught by the tail [A bell] What is like half the moon [the other half] Under the fire and over the fire, and never touches the fire [A cake baking]. Ink! Ank! under a bank ten drawing four [A person milking a cow]. What turns without moving [Milk] A little white & round house; it is full of meat And has no door or window to let me in to eat. [An egg] Round & round the house, and stops at the back door [A sweeping brush] Too short; cut a bit off; and it is big enough [A grave]

Q. Which travels faster - heat or cold?
A. Heat, because you can catch coldQ. What goes to make a pair of shoes? A. Two of them. Q. Why does a fisherman grow rich? A. Because he has always nett profit. Q. What man in Ireland wears the biggest hat? A. The man with the biggest head. Q. Two men went but for a walk one fine day. One of them had an umbrella and the other had none. Which of them got wet first? A. None of them, because it did not rain.

Q. I have a little man alone in the field
When I pull his leg his nose will bleed? A. A pump.Q. What do we often catch but never see? A. A passing remark. Q. Headed like a thimble, tailed like a rat, You could guess for ever but you could not guess that A. A pipe Q. As I went out a slippery gap, I met a man with a red cap, he was more afraid of the cock and the hen than the king and all his men. A. A worm. Q. One head, one foot and four legs? A. A bed. Q. What is it the whole of which is lighter than the half A. The moon

Q: Why is a dog like the bark of a tree?
A: Because both barks die awayQ: Why is an aeroplane like the trees? A: Because one leaves its sheds and the other sheds its leaves. Q: How many kinds of trees are in the forest? A: Two - crooked and straight Q: What insect lives on nothing? A: The moth, because he eats holes. Q: What is the ugliest hood ever worn? A: Falsehood. Q: What is the unhappiest tree? A: The Weeping Willow. Q: Why is a clock bashful? A: Because it always has its hands before its face Q: What is it that flies high, flies low, and yet wears out shoes? A: Dust. Q: What is it that nobody wants, and nobody wants to lose? A: A lawsuit.

Q: What has a neck and body but nothing else?
A: A bottleQ: Why is the sun like good dough? A: Because it is light when it rises Q: Why should a hen never have untidy feathers? A: Because she carries a comb with her. Q: What is that which never asks or question but requires many answers? A: The doorbell. Q: What bird has a name you could spell with one letter? A: Jay Q: Which bird has a name that tells you whether he flies fast or slow? A: Swift. Q: What goes with the coach, comes with the coach, is of no use to the coach and still the coach can't go without it? A: Noise.

on "tick" also that is goods were bought but would not be paid for then, but wait until the end of a quarter or so and then pay for them all at the one time. Goods were bought also at "cants" - it is mostly second handed clothes that is sold in a "cant" - but they can be purchased cheaper than in a shop. These cants still come to towns and villages on fair or market days.
Pedlars and dealers went about through the country buying and selling also. Some bought feathers, rags and old scrap - such as old iron pots and old bits of leads. Others just bought horses and cattle. These were called "hucksters" because they did not give the true value for the animal. Pedlars or "pack men" went about selling clothes. Most of these still hover through the country. People had names on most of the coins also, they called a sixpence a "tanner" and a shilling a "bob" and a pound a "quid". some coins used in olden times have gone out of use such as the four and five shilling pieces and also the fourpenny and tenpenny pieces. Sovreigns were also common in olden times but they are not so much used now.

that number and whatever child that number is on is out. This ryme is repeated untill two children are left to seek
We play another game at school called Break the egg. It is played in this way. All the children form into a ring and hold hands. Then some child runs round the ring and tips each child saying to each, Ní ort-sa and when she comes to the child she wants to follow her she says Acht ort-sa Then this child follows the other one put she must pass through the same place as the other one or if she does not she breaks the egg and another child must follow When the first person is caught the pursuer must tip someone and she follows We have another ryme for playing the game. It is, I have a little dog and he will not bite you, nor you, etc. but you. The children amuse themselves while sitting around the fire by all sitting in a row and by putting out their feet. Then one names putting one syllable on each leg as follows, Lurabog Larabog, Lumber lock, five miles I went to set my clock. I set, I sung, I daily sprung Lurabog Larabog black foot in, and who ever has her foot out last, has to shut her eyes

All the kings horses, all the king's men
Could not put humpidy dumpidy together again. (An egg)Why is a guard so strong? Because he holds up all the traffic with one hand) It's as round as an apple as deep as a cup and all the men in Derry town could not pick it up? (A well) It's deep and its damp and it's green about the bank and it's fit for a lord or a lady (A Grave) Why is Mrs Simson such a great draught player? (Because she had to remove two to get a king) Why do we go to bed? (Because the bed won't come to us) Why are Tylers and Mc Nultys so poor? (Because they have only Aherne between them) If all the counties of Ireland were thrown into the sea which would come safe? (Cork because it could float) What is the difference between a pig pill and a steep hill? (One is hard to get up and the other is hard to get down) What time is it on a turnip when three quarters are eaten? (A quarter to eat) What's smaller than a flys mouth? (The thing that does into it) Two black men two white men went into a car two black

(Because the blind man cannot see to go and the sailor cannot go to sea)It's in the water and it cannot be Drowned, it's in the meadow and cannot be cut, it's in the shop and cannot be sold?
(The Sun) Midy moody round body three legs and a metal hat? (A pot.) It is as round as an apple as flat as a pan sometimes a woman and more times a man? (A penny) They walk on the roads with their heads down? (Nails in your shoes) What is the strongest thing in the world? (A snail because he can carry his home on his back) As I went up Corn hill. Corn hill was acking and all the birds in Cornhill were gathered in an acorn? (Funeral) Long legs crooked tighs small head and no eyes? (A toungs) A house full a room full you could not get a spoon full? (Smoke) It's black and it's white and it's read all over? (A Newspaper) Forty sheep went out a gap forty more followed that twice eleven six and seven three and two how much is that? (Five) Humpidy dumpidy on the wall, humpidy dumpidy got a fall

1. Riddle me riddle me andie o, my father gave me seed to sow. The seed was black and the ground was white riddle me that and I'll give you a pint?
(A News paper)What is it that is always in fashion and never in date? (The letter f) I went in the gap and out the gap and found what I din not want? (A thorn in one's foot) What is always behind time? (The back of the clock) It goes round the house and round the house and lyes at the back door? (A twig) What does the I. O. C. (bus) stand for? (To let the people in) What does an ass look over the wall? (Because he cannot look under it) Why does a hen pick a pot? (Because she cannot lick it) the more you take from it the bigger it gets? (A Quarry) Patches upon patches without any stiches riddle me that and I'll buy you a breeches? (A head of cabbage) Why is a blind man like a sailor in jail?

the bugs. So they went to bed very early and they left the sticks near at hand. Soon after a monkey came in with a hat collecting pennies. Pat gave the other fellow a punch and said there is a bug. So out jumped Pat and got his stick and hits the monkey and knocked him out. The landlady come up and was going to put them out but she told them they would have to leave in the morning. So they did and went to look for work. They came to a place where men were working and got work.
In the evening Pat went into a shop for tobacco. There was a monkey in the shop and Pat asked him for an ounce of tobacco. The monkey cut a bit of tobacco and gave it to him without weighing it. Pat paid him and walked out to his brother. They got nearly two ounces and they decided to deal in that house. The next evening Pat went into the shop but there was a young girl in it this time. He asked for an ounce of tobacco she cut a bit and put it on the scales it was too heavy and she cut of a bit off it. It was to light and she threw a small piece into it to make it right. She gave it to him and he stood looking at it. Then she said "Do not fear the weight is in it" then he said "I got better weight from your father last night" and walked out. Soon after this they were paid off and they went to look for work but they could not

When Jimmy Friel was coming near to his own home he said that it was his turn to carry her now. Then he got her to carry and when he did he left his horse and he took the girl into his own home. But before he got in the Old Queen of fairies said that she would be deaf and dumb. Then he took her in and the girl sat in the corner and she could not hear or speak and the young boy and his mother was very kind to her. When the next Hallow Eve night came round there was great music and rejoicing as the night before. He overheard the old Queen saying "Little Jimmy Friel thinks that three drops of this glass would leave the young lady able to speak and to hear. Then Jimmy Friel went in and they had a great welcome for him and the old Queen asked him if he would have a drink. Then she gave him the glass that she was drinking out of, herself. When Jimmy got the glass he started for home with it and he ran all the way but he managed to have three drops in it. When he went home he gave it to the fair lady to drink and as soon as she drank it she was able to speak and to hear again. When she got cured Jimmy and his mother thought that it would be little enough for them to go to see the fair lady's mother and father in Dublin. They thought that if they would bring her there

each sack, there was a cat, and each cat had seven kittens, and between men, women, sacks, cats & kittens, how many were going to Illinois?
Sol. One, namely myself. I met the others coming form Illinois.9. It's red and it's blue, it's parliamentary green, and the king cannot touch it, no more than the queen? The Rainbow. 10. Headed like a thimble, tailed like a rat, you may guess that? Sol. A pipe. 11. It goes in dry, it comes out wet, the more you put to it, the stronger it gets? Tea which is put into a tea pot. 12. Long legs, crooked thighs, small head, & no eyes? Solution: A tongs. 13. As white as snow, but snow it isn't, as black as ink, but ink it isn't. It hops on the road, like a marble stone, but a marble stone it isn't. Sol. A magpie. 14. I have it; I got it; it was easily got, what God never had, and never will get? Solution: A master. 15. I have a red little cow, tied to the wall, she'd eat all the hay, from here to Donegal, and if I gave her water, she

4 Brothers sisters I have none but that man's father was my father's son.
Answer: That man was my son.said the child to the father, how does it come that you are my father, and I am not your son. Ans: The child was his daughter. How would you build a house so that the four sides would be facing south. Ans: Build it near the north pole. There was a brother and sister living in a house. One day a little boy came in and the man said that's my nephew and the woman said it is but it's not mine? Ans: The reason for that is that he was the womans son. As I was going through a field of wheat I met a thing that needed heat, it was neither fish, flesh, fowl

The total number of years included in these baptisims is 46
The total number of baptisims is 922 or an average of 20 baptisms in the year.An Analysis of the names of the Parents as registered during the same time in the Baptism roll. There were - Males 299 Females 291 Total 590 The reason of the discrepancy arises from a few cases in which the mother's christian name is not given. They are thus classified - John 76 James 45 William 36 Robert 23 George 15 Thomas 14 Samuel 13 David 12 Alexander 11 Richard 7 Joseph 7 Hugh 6 Edward 5 Matthew 4 Andrew 3 Henry 3 Adam 2 Daniel 2 Archibald 2 Patrick 2 Francis 2 Brothwick 1 Elias 1 Stewart 1 Joshua 1 Isaiah 1 Leonard 1 Levi 1 Benjamin 2 T. H. The Female Names:- Mary 60 Jane 52 Elizabeth 36 Margaret 32 Agnes 21 Isabella 14 Sarah 13 Martha 8 Elinor 7 Catherine 6 Rosanna 6 Ann 5 Esther 4 Susanna 3 Grace 3 Dorcas 2

of Church were all appointed to appear before the CongregationThe Baptismal Children's Names registered between the years 1765 and 1810 make a complete total of - Males 490; Females 432 + 99 Total and are thus distributes
John 115 James 67 William 64 Robert 45 Thomas 37 Joseph 23 Samuel 20 George 20 Davis 19 Edward 16 Alexander 16 Richard 8 Stewart 4 Benjamin 4 Adam 4 Henry 3 Francis 3 Andrew 3 Aaron 3 Charles 2 Abel 2 Joshua 2 Isaac 1 Theophilus 1 Daniel 1 Abraham 1 Neason 1 Maxwell 1 Elias 1 Wilson 1 Hugh 1 Patrick 1 T. H. Mary 78 Jean or Jane 77 Margaret 58 Elizabeth 53 Agnes 41 Sarah 22 Martha 19 Isabel 13 Ann 11 Rose Ann or Rosanna 9 Elinor 8 Esther 6 Susanna 5 Mary Ann 4 Dorathea 4 Rebecca 3 Rose 3 Frances 3 Fanny 2 Lydia 2 Rachel 2 Catherine 1 Abigail 1 Ruth 1 Jean Anderson 1 Hannah 1 Loue 1 Ann Jane1 T. H. The Summaries with the intials "T. H." were made by the late Thomas Hall M.R.S.A.I. of Derrymore, Bailieboro'

of Church were all appointed to appear before the CongregationThe Baptismal Children's Names registered between the years 1765 and 1810 make a complete total of - Males 490; Females 432 + 99 Total and are thus distributes
JOhn 115 James 67 William 64 Robert 45 Thomas 37 Joseph 23 Samuel 20 George 20 Davis 19 Edward 16 Alexander 16 Richard 8 Stewart 4 Benjamin 4 Adam 4 Henry 3 Francis 3 Andrew 3 Aaron 3 Charles 2 Abel 2 Joshua 2 Isaac 1 Theophilus 1 Daniel 1 Abraham 1 Neason 1 Maxwell 1 Elias 1 Wilson 1 Hugh 1 Patrick 1 T. H. Mary 78 Jean or Jane 77 Margaret 58 Elizabeth 53 Agnes 41 Sarah 22 Martha 19 Isabel 13 Ann 11 Rose Ann or Rosanna 9 Elinor 8 Esther 6 Susanna 5 Mary Ann 4 Dorathea 4 Rebecca 3 Rose 3 Frances 3 Fanny 2 Lydia 2 Rachel 2 Catherine 1 Abigail 1 Ruth 1 Jean Anderson 1 Hannah 1 Loue 1 Ann Jane1 T. H. The Summaries with the intials "T. H." were made by the late Thomas Hall M.R.S.A.I. of Derrymore, Bailieboro'

(Continued from Page 118)
(and ending on Page 158)At Corraneary the 20th of October 1768, the Session being met and constitute by prayer by John Craig [?] were present Willm Galbreath James Wallace James Crookshanks rulling elders with Elias Rutherford Assessor & Session Clerk the session taking it into their serious consideration that among may evils abounding in the Days wherein we live that there is nothing evil abounding and likely to grow with the winter Congns of Corraneary & Coolihill of young persons going off in a Clandestine manner and then after staying some time together and then come back and claim marriage with their own minister or get liceance & ___ with the Church of England the session in order contribute this Endeavour to prevent the growing Evil & scandelous practise came to A resolution to enact as they hereby do enact that all such persons as are guilty of the above scandelous practice not having yet Appeared before the Congns that they shall appear when called upon the Minister & Session publickly

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for Bernard Mc Enteer for the year Ending Nov 1848. Rent Due | £1 - 12 - 5½ Poor rate allowed | 0 - 6 - 5½ Due | 1 - 6 - 0 Received out of that | 0 - 5 - 0 | £1 - 1 - 0 he paid for meal | 0 - 0 - 2 to Pat Six pence - Due Now| £1 - 1 - 4 with 2 shillings | 0 - 2 - 0 at Corronary | £1 - 3- 4 Patt Paid | 0 - 5 - 0 | Due (A) 0 - 18 - 4 * Oats 2 Barrels | (A) 1 - 10 - 0 * Paid(A) The lines* through 18/4 and £1 - 10 - 0 would seem to indicate that these sums were paid T. J. B ---------- Another Page Rent for May 1849 nine To Bernard Mc Enteer | £1 - 12 - 5½ Poor rate three Cesses(?) | 3 - 8 Paid October 25th | 16 - 2 Marys wages | 0 - 10 - 0 | £1 - 6 - 2 | 3 - 8 Still Due | 1 - 10 - 10½ Sum gave Bernard | 0 - 0 - 6 | 1 - 7 - 7 * for May 1849 [* amounts struck out]

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Accts for Patt Mc Enteer 2 days threshing | £0 - 1 - 0 3 Do Putting in oats| 0 - 1 - 6 | £0 - 2- 6 got out of that five days as above | 0 - 2- 6 6 Days cutting turf | 0 - 3 - 0 | 0 - 5 - 6 for Potatoes | 0 - 5 - 4 May the 25-48 | 0 - 10 - 10 Paid---------- Another Page Rent Due Novber 47 One pound twelve and five pence half penny Poor Rate (£0 - 6 - 5½) | £1 - 12s - 5½d | due £1 - 6 - 0 To Potatoes (6 st and half at 9½) | 5 - 1½ | £1 - 11 - 1½ To Ann | 0 - 1 - 1 | £1 - 12 - 2½ Due | £1 - 9 - 6½ Settled Due | £1 - 1 - 2½ Recd the full amt for Nov 1847 Paid

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Mary worked one day Board Wages at £0 - 0 - 4½ Reaping first week | Days 1 Second week | Do. 3. Carring oats | Do 1 | £0 - 2 - 6--- | Days | To James one Carring oats | 1 | £0 - 1 - 0 Threshing Sep the 23-47 | 1 | 0 - 2 - 6 Balance Due | | 0 - 3 - 6 At Hay one Day | | 0 - 0 - 6 One Day Mowing | 1 | 0 - 0 - 6 Threshing | 1 | 0 - 0 - 6 | | £0 - 5 - 0 Due | | £0 - 2s - 6d ---------- Another Page Brought Down from last years acts for James Duffy Ten Shillings which leaves ( ) paid this first Day of January 1847 with half a stone of meal at 1s 8d which makes Total 7s 8d ---------- Another Page the price of meal at the time being 16 s - 9d for two cwts and five st. To James Duffy one Cwt the price at the time being 16 - - - Shillings - - - - - To Andrew Carroll the price being 14s - 6d at the time for two cwts with £1 - 5 - 0 for seed.

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My Mother died the 6th of March 1841 one aged 64 etc.----------------------- Another Page To Bernard Mc Enteer March 20th '47 Ten st of seed oats with six shillings and six d Oats | £0 - 15 - 0 Cash | 0 - 6 - 6 . . . . . | £1 - 6 - 6 ----------------------- Another Page Adue dear friends, wipe off your tears I must leave here, untill Christ appears And when he does, I hope to rise Unto a Live that never dies. ----------------------- Another Page | Page Opposite Dr. | | C. R. January the 6th 48 | | To one pound cash | | Received out of that 15s - 6d to Board and nails for coffin | £0 - 1 - 7½ | his old accts Due | £0 - 2 - 2 | | 2 - 7½ | Balance of the pound | 4 - 6 | 6 - 1½ | Cash to James Duffy | 1 - | To James Duffy 2s . 0d as Earnest for Grafs with half a stone of meal at £0 - 0 - 8½ || 2 - 8½ Dr. Mc Gahan | 4 d | Other entries illegible on these two pages

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My Mother died the 6th of March 1841 one aged 64 etc.----------------------- Another Page To Bernard Mc Engteer March 20th '47 Ten st of seed oats with six shillings and six d Oats | £0 - 15 - 0 Cash | 0 - 6 - 6 . . . . . | £1 - 6 - 6 ----------------------- Another Page Adue dear friends, wipe off your tears I must leave here, untill Christ appears And when he does, I hope to rise Unto a Live that never dies. ----------------------- Another Page | Page Opposite Dr. | | C. R. January the 6th 48 | | To one pound cash | | Received out of that 15s - 6d to Board and nails for coffin | £0 - 1 - 7½ | his old accts Due | £0 - 2 - 2 | | 2 - 7½ | Balance of the pound | 4 - 6 | 6 - 1½ | Cash to James Duffy | 1 - | To James Duffy 2s . 0d as Earnest for Grafs with half a stone of meal at £0 - 0 - 8½ || 2 - 8½ Dr. Mc Gahan | 4 d | Other entries illegible on these two pages

Surnames of the Parents included in the Baptismal Register from 1765 to 1810 inclusive. (Mothers' Maiden Names are given.Families | Date of Settling | Males | Females | Totals
Sharpe | | 23 | 20 | 43 Irwin | | 12 | 11 | 23 Saunderson | | 10 | 11 | 22 Brown | | 11 | 8 | 19 Gibson | | 6 | 7 | 13 Bell | | 10 | 2 | 12 Hoey | | 7 | 5 | 12 Stewart | | 3 | 8 | 11 Huston | | 7 | 3 | 10 MacWilliams | | 6 | 4 | 10 Moffitt | | 5 | 5 | 10 Ferguson | | 7 | 2 | 9 Wallace | | 3 | 6 | 9 Martin | | 6 | 3 | 9 Anderson | ?1620 | 6 | 2 | 8 Harrison | | 5 | 2 | 7 Mc Fadden | | 5 | 2 | 7 Richey | ?1700 | 5 | 2 | 7 Adams | ?1650 | 3 | 4 | 7 Kelly | | 3 | 2 | 5 Leate | | 5 | 1 | 6 Gilbreath | | 3 | 3 | 6 Montgomery | | 3 | 3 | 6 Blair | | 2 | 4 | 6 Francey | | 2 | 4 | 6 Barron | 1760 | 6 | 0 | 6 Johnston | | 5 | 0 | 5 Crookshanks | | 4 | 1 | 5 Lundy | 1700 | 4 | 1 | 5 Rea (Ray) | | 4 | 1 | 5 Smith | | 4 | 1 | 5 Gamble | 1650 | 3 | 2 | 5 Lathers | | 0 | 5 | 5 Mitchell | | 2 | 3 | 5 Mc Minn | | 4 | 0 | 4 Wiggins | | 4 | 0 | 4 Willy | ?1620 | 4 | 0 | 4 Barnett | | 3 | 1 | 4 Kernagham | | 3 | 1 | 4 Vogan | | 3 | 1 | 4 White | ?1700 | 3 | 1 | 4 Bradley | | 2 | 2 | 4 Mc Bride | | 2 | 2 | 4 (Mc) Gibney | | 2 | 2 | 4 Nesbitt | | 0 | 4 | 4 Nelson | | 2 | 2 | 4 Shannon | | 0 | 4 | 4 Parker | ?1760 | 2 | 2 | 4 Mc Laughlan | | 3 | 0 | 3 Graham | | 0 | 3 | 3 Cochran | | 2 | 1 | 3 Boyle (Bole) | | 0 | 3 | 3 Mc Kelvey | | 2 | 1 | 3 Patterson | | 0 | 3 | 3 Mc Kenna | | 2 | 1 | 3 Wilson | | 0 | 3 | 3 Roundtree | | 2 | 1 | 3 Dobbin | | 0 | 3 | 3 Wade | | 2 | 1 | 3 Pepper | | 0 | 3 | 3 Middleton | | 1 | 2 | 3 Henry | | 0 | 2 | 2 F Raheen | | 0 | 2 | 2 Mc Kibbin | | 1 | 2 | 3 Mc Culla | | 0 | 2 | 2 Pringle | | 0 | 2 | 2 Gray | | 2 | 0 | 2 Farrel | | 0 | 2 | 2 Scott | | 0 | 2 | 2 Heron | | 2 | 0 | 2 Bloomer | | 0 | 2 | 2 Rush | | 0 | 2 | 2 Kinder | | 2 | 0 | 2 Armstrong | | 0 | 2 | 2 Clindell | | 0 | 2 | 2 Moore | | 2 | 0 | 2 Hall

Elias Rutherford, Alexander Mc Fadden, James Mc Fadden, John Parker, John Gilbreath, Joseph Sharp1782:
William Wade, Hugh Gilbreath, John Anderson, William Huston, John Martin, Robert Lundy, George Francey, Patrick Seaton. some Mothers' Maiden Surnames, not represented under Male Parents (see previous Page) and therefore probably from neighbouring Churches or new settlers in the district. 5 Mothers names Leathers (5) 4 Mothers each of Nesbitt and Shannon (8) 3 Mothers each of Graham, Bole (or Boyle) Patterson, Wilson, Dobbin, Pepper (18) 2 Mothers each of Henry, Fluker, Mc Cullagh, Pringle, Farrel, Scott, Bloomer, Rusk, Armstrong, Clisdell, Hall, Davenport, Cowan, Mc Minn, Simson. (30) One woman each of Patty, Sinclair, Lewers, Bradford, Archer, Bruce, Robinson, Corbitt, Lister (Linster?) Green, Cooke, Mc Clean, Hunter, Findlay, Garner, Breaky, Steenson (or Stevenson), Tibby, Mc Call, Cooper, Spratt, Alexander, Stafford, Jaminson, Bethel, Mc Crie, Phillips, Trimble, Atkins (Eakins?) Forsythe, Jones, Coulter, Ormiston, Morrow, Barnes, Telford, Magill, Bailey, Gordon, Jefferies, Linton, Dixon, Pollard, Dillon, Trimble, Hicks, Moorehead, Madill, Riddell. (49) Total 110 T. J. B.

5 Families each of Harrison, Johnston, Mc Fadden, Moffitt, Richey, and Teate. (30)4 Families each of Crookshanks, Lundy, Mc Minn, Rea, Smith, Wiggins, and Willy. (28)
3 Families each of Adams, Barnet, Gamble, Gilbreath, Kelly, Kernaghan, Mc Laughlin, Montgomery, Stewart, Vogan, Wallace, and White. (36) 2 Families each of Blair, Bradley, Cochran, Francey, Gray, Heron, Kinder, Mc Bride, Gibrey, Mc Kelvey, Mc Kenna, Mitchell, Moore, Nelson, Parker, Robb, Roundtree, Taylor, Wade, Young. (40) 1 Family each of Boyd, Brison, Crawford, Crozier, Davidson, Dun, Dunlop, English, Fallon, Foy, Ferris, Fitzgerald, George, Gilmore, Gillespy, Harper, Harris, Higgins, Horner, Kinkleton, Latimer, Leech, Lindsay, Lisco, Livingstone, Lucas, Mahaffy, Maxwell, Mc Cappin, Mc Cleery, Mc Celland, Mc Kaig, Mc Coy?, M'Kibbin, Megahey, Middleton, Miller, Niblock, Percy, Porter, Ramage, Rutherford, Seaton, Sims, Thompson, Wales, Watson, West (47) Total Families 298 The following are the Names of Elders found in the Minutes 1768: Elias Rutherford (assessor) Richard Sharp, Robert Anderson, William Gilbreath, James Wallace, James Crookshanks

Mary 138
Jean or Jane 129 Elizabeth 89 Margaret 89 Agnes 61 Sarah 35 Isabella 27 Martha 27 Elinor 15 Rosanna 15 Esther 10 Catherine 8 Anna 16 Susanna 8 Rebecca 6 Mary Anne 5 Letty 4 Rachel 4 Rose 4 Frances 4 Grace 3 Abigail 3 Dorcas 2 Ruth 2 Hannah 2 Lydia 2 Charity 1 Christina 1 Lucy 1 Maria 1 Phebe 1 Dorothea 1 Fanny 1 Jean Anderson 1 Loue 1 Ann Jane 1 T. H.Total Number Combined - - | Males | Females Parents | 299* | 291* Children | 490 | 432 - | 789 | 723 * The reason for this discrepancy arises from a few cases in which the Mother's Name is not given. T. J. B. The Surnames of the families included in the Baptismal Register from 1765 to 180 inclusive, are thus classified:- 23 Families of Sharpe. (23) 12 Families of Irwin (Commonly pronounced "Erin".) (12) 11 Families of Brown (11) 10 Families each of Bell and Saunderson. (20) 7 Families each of Ferguson, Hoey and Huston. (21) 6 Families each of Anderson, Barron, Gibson, Martin, and Mc Williams. (30)

220 Q. What has as many windows as there are stars in the sky?
A. A Thimble.221 Q. As I went down the road I met my Uncle Dan. I cut his throat I suck his blood and left him lying easy? A. A Blackberry. 222 Q. Big-bellied mother, Long-legged father, and the three children? A. A pot, a pot-hooks and the legs. 223 Q. What can jump and cannot walk and can squeal and cannot talk. A. A Frog. 224 Q. What travels the land and does not touch the land? A. A calf in a cow.

152 Q. Why does a young lady prefer her mother's fortune to her father's?
A. Because though she likes patrimony she likes matrimony better.153 Q. What is the difference between a land surveyor and a scarf? A. One is agent for property, the other a proper tie for a gent. 154 Q. Why cannot a thief easily steal a watch? A. Because he must take it off its guard. 155 Q. Why is it dangerous to take a nap in a railway carriage? A. Because the train always runs over sleepers. 156 Q. Why is a locomotive steam-engine like a drunkard? A. Because it often wets its whistle and is always taking draughts. 157 Q. When are brokers in a panic like Pharaoh's daughters? A. When they save a little prophets from the rushes on the banks. 158 Q. Why will scooping out a turnip be a noisy process? A. Because it makes it hollow (holloa)

145 Q. Why are artists like washerwomen?
A. Because they are not satisfied until their works are "hung on the line".146 A. Which of the four seasons is the most literary? A. Autumn for then the leaves are turned, and they are red (read). 147 Q. What the difference between your last will and testament and a man who has eaten as much as he can? A. One is signed and dated, the other dined and sated. 148 Q. Why is a pleasure-trip to Egypt fit one for very old gentlemen? A. Because it's a see-Nile thing to do. 149 Q. When is a butcher a thorough thief? A. When he steals a knife and cuts away with it. 150 Q. Why is wine like a good promise? A. Because it improves by being kept. 151 Q. What is the difference between a wig and a bugler? A. One has false locks and the other has false keys.

79 Q. When is money damp?
A. When it is dew in the morning and mist (missed) at night.80 Q. What are the oldest tops in the world? A. Mountain tops. 81 Q. What is higher and handsomer when the head is off. A. A pillow. 82 Q. What part of a grocer's shop reminds you of fish? A. The scales. 83 Q. Why is "o" the most charitable letter? A. Because it is found oftener than any other in doing good. 84 Q. A little white and round house, And it is full of meat. It has no doors or windows, To let me in to eat? A. An egg.

65 Q. Under the water and over the water and never touches the water?
A. A woman crossing a bridge with a pail of water on her head.66 Q. What is the lightest county in Ireland? A. Down 67 Q. What is the difference between an ass and a postage stamp? A. one you lick with a stick, and the other you stick with a lick. 68 Q. What is the difference between a blind man and a sailor in prison? A. one cannot see to go and the other cannot go to sea. 69 Q. What always holds its hands before its face? A. A clock. 70 Q, What roof covers the noisiest tenant? A. The roof of the mouth. 71 Q. What runs fast but has no legs. A. A tap. 72 Q. Why is the letter "T" like Easter? A. Because it comes at the end of Lent.

61 Q. Two legs come in and leave down one leg. On come four legs and run away with one leg. Up jumps two legs, lift up three legs, knock down four legs, and lift up one leg?
A. A man comes in with a leg of mutton the dog lifts it and runs away with it. Up jumps the man lifts up a stool, knocks down the dog, and lifts up the leg of mutton.62 Q. What bed is it that is well made, well cared, and is meant of nobody to sleep in? A. A rose-bed 63 Q. As I was going to Sligo I met a man with nine wives, every wife had nine cates, and ever cat had nine rats. Hw many were going to Sligo? A. One. 64 Q. There is a goose in my father's garden, she takes a wonderful prize. The man that will buy her will want to be wise. She has feet on her belly and walks upon none. She goes far from her dwelling and seldom comes home. A. A ship

50Q. What goes off yet stops in the same place?
A. A gun.51 Q. What has a mouth but no face? A. A river. 52 Q. When is a carving knife on its travels? A. When it cuts it way through Turkey Greece. 53 Q. Why is a dark boy always like a cheat? A. Because he is never fair. 54 Q. Why don't they hang a man with a glass eye? A. Because they hang him with a rope. 55 Q. Why is a lazy boy like a Christmas pudding? A. Both are better ob a good stirring up. 56 Q. What comb is the sweetest? A. The honey comb. 57 Q. What is the oldest tree in the world? A. The elder tree. 58 Q. What poet was never slow? A. Swift 59 Q. Why is a habitually naughty boy like a stair carpet? A. Because he can't be kept in order without a rod. 60 Q. What is the most sporting number? A. Tennis (ten is)

34 Q. The man that buys it doesn't want it, and the man that wears cannot see it?
A. A coffin.35 Q. What is the best way to make a coat last? A. Make the trousers and waistcoat first. 36 Q. What keeps the farthest away from a cat's ear. A. A mouse. 37 Q. Ink ank under the bank twenty teeth and one shank? A. A comb. 38 Q. How many sides on a cup? A. Inside and outside. 39 Q. There is a town in Ireland. It is neither in England or Spain. If you spell it backways or frontways it is all the same? A. Navan. 40 Q. The "hitic" the "hatic" the double cinatic. The thing with a lump on the end of it? A. A churn dash. 41 Q. Which would you rather a lion to eat you or a bear? A. I would rather the lion would eat bear. 42 Q. Did you ever see a duck swimming and a cat sitting on her tail? A. I often saw a swimming in a river and a cat sitting on her tail along the fire.

25 Q. Why is there never such a thing as one whole day?
A. Because every day begins by breaking.26 Q. Why does a duck go under water, and shy does it come out again A. It goes under for DIVER'S reasons and comes out again for sundry purposes 27 Q. What is that Adam planted first in the Garden of Eden? A. His foot. 28 Q. What is taken from you before you get it? A. Your portrait. 29. What was it that Adam never saw, never had, yet provided two for each of his children? A. Parents. 30 Q. Which is the favourite word with women? A. The last one. 31 Q. What fish is most valued by a married lady? A. Her-ring. 32 Q. Why is twice ten the same as twice eleven? A. Because twice ten is (are) twenty and twice eleven is (are) twenty two. (twenty too) 33 Q. Why is a pig a curious creature? A. Because you can't cure it before it is killed.

361 Q. When is a boy like a potato?
A. When they both wear jackets.362 Q. When is water like fat? A. When it's dripping. 363 Q. If rain falls does it ever rise again? A. Yes. In dew time 364 A. Why is a ship the politest thing in the world? A. Because it always advances with a bow. 265 Q. Why does a cook make more noise than a bell? A. Because the bell makes a din, but the cook makes a dinner 366 Q. How many sticks go to make a crow's nest? A. None, for they are all carried 367 Q. Why is a miller like a cook? A. Because he prepares a dinner. 268 Q. What Miss occasions a great many quarrels? A. Miss-understanding.

(1.) A herb known as "griffin" is grown on the roofs of houses near the eve, and near the gable. This herb, I believe, grows will in some places. Greimhthín is boiled with (sweet) milk and sugar, and taken, fasting, every morning for nine mornings. After a lapse of a week or so the patient begins the treatment again and continues it for 9 mornings.(2.) Matthew Fagan, who lives near Greagh Cross, 1½ miles from Ballinamore has a never-failing cure for worms. The patient goes to Fagan fasting. He puts a silk handkerchief in the person's breast, after saying some prayers. If the patient is suffering from worms the handkerchief when taken out after a few minutes is twisted almost into a knot. If the patient is not suffering from worms the handkerchief comes out the same way as it was put in.
Fagan says certain prayers known only to himself over the patient first. Then he takes the patient outside where outstretched on knees and hands the patient makes the sign of the Cross on the ground with his or her nose. The operation is gone through on Monday, Thursday, and the following Monday when the cure is complete. (3.) Mrs. John O Reilly, St. Bridget St., has a cure for worms. In this case the patient pays one shilling for a medal which she enclosed in a case of cloth made just like a Agnus Dai. This medal must be worn round the neck. If taken off one loses the medal, or ceases to wear it, the worms return. (4.)

the Sergeant thought he had a drop taken, but after a while he believed him, and he sent him to tell the yarn to the J. P. of the district.
On hearing the story the old J. P. laughed, told Tom go home, put the cat in a bag and throw her in a bog-hole, but poor Tom was shaking in dread of the cat and he told the J. P. that if he didn't bring home the boots that very night that his children wouldn't have an eye left in their heads in the morning. Anyhow, the J. P. persuaded Tom to return home and explain to the cat that he would have to take her in specially to have the boots fitted, that he would have his horses and hounds at the crossroads, and that they would give the cat a run for her life. He explained that it was the best he could do, as he could find nothing in his law-books which referred to cats, so that he could not have3 her arrested on any charge. Well, to make a long story short, home goes Tom and persuades Pussy to accompany him to town next day, in a bag. When they come to the crossroads Tom is stopped by the J. P. who said "Hello Tom Connor, and where would you be going this fine day?" "Begorra, I'm just taking a stroll into town" said Tom winking at the J. P. "And what have you in that sack?" said the J. P.. "Oh nothing" said Tom, winking again. The old cat was listening to this and said she in a a whisper "Tom Connor if you let the cat out of the bag, it will be worse for you." Never fear "said Tom"

105 Q. Londonderry Cork and Kerry spell me that without a K
A. That106 Q. Why is a horse never hungry? A. Because he always has bit in his mouth 107 Q. What jumps but cannot walk And squeals but cannot talk? A. A Frog 108 Q. How would you compare Ireland to a bottle? A. Because there is a cork in one end of it 109 Q. There is a table in my father's garden. It's neither oak, ash or any wold that ever grew. What is it? A. A table of ice 110 Q. What has teeth but cannot eat? A. A comb. 111 Q. What never were equal what never will be? Put out your hand and then you will see. A. Your fingers 112 Q. What are three coldest things in the world? A. A dog's nose, a woman's toes, and a man's heels. 113 Q. When were there only two vowels? A. In the time of Noah (no A), which was before U and I were known.

Parsing:Can: Verb of incom, pred., defec., intrans., indie., pres., 1st Sing agree., with "2"
Not: Adv. of negation, mod. "can". Whether = Subord. conjunc., joining "The _ _ _ home" to I _ _ _ say." Or = conjunc. joining "Whether _ _ _ home" to "whether he is) not (at home)" Sir = noun, common, Masc. 2nd Sing. nom of address But = Conjunc., joining "I _ _ _ say" to "I _ _ _ enquire" Yon = Pers. pron., masc., 2nd Plur. in form but sing in meaning nom to "wish" If = Conjunc. joining "you wish" to "I _ _ _ enquire" Shall enquire: Verb, weak, trans., indic., fut., 1st Sing agree with "I"

1. The _ _ _ to-day = Pr. cl. making a plain statement2. Who _ _ _ window = Sub. Adj. cl. qual. "Boy"
3. He _ _ _ afraid = Pr. cl. making a plain statement 4. He _ _ _ punished = Sub. noun cl sub. to "was" Parsing: Who: = Rel. pronoun, 3rd, Sing., nom. to the verb "Broke." Broke = Verb, strong, Trans., indic., past tense, 3rd Sing. nom to "Who". Grammar 15-6-'38 General Analysis: Fair Daffodils: Nom of adress 1. We weep to see. -: Pr cl. making a plain statement. 2. You _ _ _ soon _: Sub. noun cl. obj to "See" 3. As _ _ _ noon -: Pr. Cl. co-ordinate with (1).

Situation | Shape, size, &cFaha, Reynold's Farm | Circular, one bank, cave in centre with tunnel to exit in field fifty yds from fort. 90' diameter
Keel, Buckley's Farm | Circular, one bank of earth, ruins of Kellmarovanaugh church in this fort half this fort destroyed. Diameter 174' Rosnacarten, Clifford's Farm | Circular; three earthen banks; cave to next fort in next farm (Mack's) 130' D. Mack's Farm | Semi-Circular, one bank, cave to above Lahard Sugrue's Farm | Circular, one bank, 100' Diameter. 3 forks visible from this. Culleeney, Hasset's Farm | Circular, one fence. Keelclogheran: Mannix's Farm | Circular, two banks of earth, & trees Lissivane: Shea's Farm | Circular, one fence with trees, 92' diameter. Cave supposed to be connected with other forts in Lissivane Lissivane: Fahvey's Farm | Circular, two fences, elm & ash trees 174' diameter. (Mass said her in penal times). Lissivan: Leary's Farm | Circular, one fence, two caves Lissivan: Breen's Farm | Circular, one fence Lissivane: W. Sullivan's Farm | Circular; one fence, cate to Knockreagh - 1 mile away

to the other side.
Q. If a coal shovel and bucket came to five shillings, what would a ton of coal come to? A. Ashes. Q. On which side of an ass would you get down off of? A. Neither. Because there is no down on an ass. Q. Said the child to it's father, "how does it come that you're my father and I'm not your son? A. It was the daughter that spoke. Q. Why is a dog and a tree compared? A. Because both have a bark. Q. Why is a bed and clock compared? A. Because both have a tick. Q. Why is a tall man lazier than a short man? A. Because he is the longest in the bed. Q. Why is Sunday the strongest day in the week? A. Because the other days are week days. Q. Why did Adam bit the apple Eve gave him? A. Because he had no knife to cut it. Q. If I built a wall from her to Donegal what height would it be? A. The height of nonsense. Q. Did you see the latest in shoes? Feet. Q. What does it take to make a pair of boots? A. Two. Q. Did you hear the latest? A. It's not out yet. Q. Which is the white goose or the grey the gander? A. Neither. Because if she is a goose, she can't be a gander.

A. Two pigs squealing under a gate.R. What is dead in the middle and alive at each end?
A. A man ploughing. R. What has three legs and no neck? A. A three-legged pot R. In comes two legs, carrying one leg Two legs puts one leg into three legs In comes four legs, and picks up one leg Up jumps two legs, and picks up three legs Out goes four legs, and drops one leg On comes two legs, picks up one leg And puts it into three legs. A. "Two legs" is a woman, "one" leg" is a leg of mutton, "four legs" is the dog, and "three legs" is "three-legged pot. R. As I was goin' through a gap I met me Uncle Davy I cut off his head and drank his blood And I left him lyin' aisy A. A bottle of whisky. R. Twenty-six (sick) sheep went out through a gap One died. How many came back? A. Nineteen R. I have a little sister She lives in a ditch If you go near her

Q. What is that which no one ever saw before
A. A dogs tail because it is always behindQ. How many thorns on an acre of furze A. One and all the rest. Q. What gets longer the more you take off it. A. A grave Q. What has a foot but no leg. A. A mountain. Q. What runs from Cork to Dublin without moving A. A railway line Q. What is most like a cats tail. A. A kittens tail. Q. What should you fill a barrel with to make it lighter A. Holes Q. Why is a room full of married people like and empty room A. Because there is not a single person in it.

and the other o and when o comes between two x's the person with x can make an x out of the o and say my x here and there cross out that by the lug of the ear and one for the good of my make, and the person who owns the o can do the same if he can catch an x between two o's[Drawing] - Fox and geese
Sack Racing A number of children must gather together and get into sack. The sack will be about upto the waist. They can hold it up with their hand. Then they get into a line and start to run. It is very hard the keep upright as the bag will trip you. Sitting down tig Sitting down tig is played by as many people as like. In a room tis played mostly. The people suggest who is to have the tig. The player who has the tig tries to catch the others before they are sitting down. Sticky toffee. Any number of players can join in this

RoundersAny number of players can join in this game. This is how to play it. Get four posts and put them in a ring in the field and half the number of boys go at the top and half at the bottom. One player hits the ball ouside the ring and another boy form the other side runs to get it.
[Drawing] The boy who threw the ball must run around the ring outside the post's and the other boy tries to strike him with it but he can stop at any port he like. If he is truck he is out and if he get around the ring without being struck it is one for him. Colours Any number could play colours. One must give out a rhyme to know who would guess the colours. One then gives out the colours and two other guess and who ever guess the most will win. Fox and geese Two people can play this game. You make a big square and rule it into small squares. The fox is called and x and the goose an o. One person takes x

Q. What goes up the ladder with its head down
A. A nail in a mans bootQ. What is it that is full and still holds more. A. A pot of potatoes when the water is poured on. Q. Under the fire and over the fire and never touches the fire A. A cake of bread in an oven. Q. There was moses when the light went out A. In the dark. Q. What is it that is bought by the yard and worn by the foot. A. A carpet Q. Why do you buy clothes A. Because we can't get them for nothing. Q. What pet is it not creul to walk on. A. A Carpet.

Q. Why does a man sneeze three times
A. Because he can't help it.Q. What beats a good wife. A. A bad husband. Q. Why does a baker wear a white cap A. To cover his head. Q. What goes up when the rain comes down. A. An umbrella. Q. Why is Ireland like a bottle. A. Because it a a cork in the end of it. A. What is the longest word in the English language A. Smiles, Because their is a mile in the middle of it. Q. What is a proud lady like a drunkard. A. Because neither of them gets enough of the glass. Q. What is often brought to the table, cut but never eaten. A. A deck of cards.

many is that.
A. fiveQ. A head and a foot and four legs A. a bed Q. What has a head but no face. A. A match. Q. What is it that a girl looks for yet wishes not to get it A. A hole in her stocking Q. What man wears the biggest hat. A. The men with the biggest head. Q. What is the difference between a school master and a train porter. A. One trains the mind and the other minds the train. Q. What is it that runs fast but has no legs A. A river Q. Black and white and red (read) all over A. A newspaper

felt anything solid. Two of them always remained awake while the third slept, & so they took their watches by turn. The western side of Bán Leathan is called Gleann na Cárdchan ath níl fhios ag éinne cathain a bhí ab Chasdcha ann. In Cappagh we find a very perfect lios know as lios cúl bláth by the old people. Up to 30 years ago there was an underground passage opening on the eastern side, but it seems to have been closed. Near it in the field adjoining, a young girl in perfect health apparently, was milking a cow one summer evening. Her father at work not far away, heard her singing the milking measure usual with milkers at that time (about 60 years ago). He happened to look, & thought there was a strange woman standing beside his daughter. This would not have been very noticeable, but on questioning the daughter later about it, found there was no one there. That night the girl got seriously ill & died within 3 days & stranger still, the cow in question died soon after. In a corner of this same field - páirc a' leasa stood an old dwelling house about 80 years ago. At that time the cock was always kept on a perch over the door. One night the fear-an-tighe heard a noise like a ditch falling, & thought his cattle may have been breaking into some crop. He got up to see to them & then the cock crew. The man went towards the door, but the cock, crowing more violently, actually flew down in his face

wonderful help and time to carry out so thorough a job with such regularity & uniformity. They probably served the purpose of a cattle enclosure as well as a deer park. A story is told of a great stag-hunt from there. The chase led on towards Dunmanway passing through Ballyboy (Cuidhe) southeast of that town. At this place a famous annual horse fair used be held & the fair was in full swing as the deer drew near. The stag crossed the river to the north followed by a few dogs & fewer horsemen for they were probably "jaded now & spent with toil", but the fair turned from business to pleasure & joined in the chase. The stag however was too able for the pursuers, for not only did he got away, but was observed late that evening returning towards the Cappagh enclosure & with one final gallant effort cleared the boundary wall in his stride. In later days "Castle Jane" did not lack the usual crop of Fairy Stories. One says how three servant men sleeping together in an outer room used be visited each night by some animal which in his movements sounded like a dog. Just as the light was extinguished he trotted in beside the bed & shook himself as if he had been wet. Then moved round the bed to the other side & did the same. The two outside men used keep a heavy stick & strike out at it now & again, but never

Raheen Castle, the Residence of O'Donovan of Raheen manor, having fallen into disrepair probably due to Cromwellian attacks in 1649, a new residence was built in Banlahan. Daniel V O'Donovan lived there & was married to Anne Kearney in 1722. They used attend mass at Stuicín chapel in Cúl dorcha & the the time fixed for commencing mass was apparently when they arrived. One Sunday the priest growing tired of waiting went on with mass & Anne Kearney arriving later was so incensed at this that she walked up on the altar & struck the priest across the face. This "lady" came from Garrettstown. She died some time later, and Dómhinall V was again married to Jane Beeden of Hollybrook. He was 60 and she 15. he now called Bawnlahan "Castle Jane" in honour of his young wife. When he was dying in 1778 he wanted to see a priest, but the wife being a bigot was opposed to it. Finally she persuaded a young servant man to act the priest, & in the dark of night he foolishly did so. This young man hanged himself soon after & all his clan seemed to be dogged by the worst of ill-luck until they were completely wiped out. Adjacent to Bawnlahan is Ceappagh a small townland almost completely surrounded by remarkably high stone walls, well-built of flat square stones. It must have taken

84. What does the cow look over the wall?
(Because she cannot look under it.)85. Luke had it before Paul had it behind Every girl has it And malachy Kelly has it twice (Two L's) 86. A hundred sheep went out a gap A hundred more went after that The master and his dog How many feet were there? (Two) 87. I haven't it; I don't want it And if I had it I wouldn't part it for all the world (A bald head) 88. What has three feet and no leg? (A yard - in measure) 89. what is the difference between A and B? (You open your mouth when you say A; you close it when you say B.) 90. What's the last thing you would do before you would go into bed? (Lift your 2 feet off the ground) 91. Goes in dry, comes out wet The longer it is within, the stronger it gets (Tea) 92. There's fire under it, there's fire over it And the fire doesn't touch it (A cake baking)

61. A long yellow woman with a belt round her middle.
(A sheaf of oats)62. Eight arms but no hand A wooden leg but cannot stand Is often wet but does not feel Has no boots, is shod with steel A dress of silk, a belt around the middle Can you guess this silly riddle? (An umbrella) 63. I'm in the sky, both dry and clear I'm always with you through the year I'm in Clondyke as you can plainly see, No one can have money without me. When Christmas comes and the New Year better; I'm with you again in every letter. (The letter y) 64. It is inside and outside And it isn't inside or outside (A window) 65. Why does the cat drink milk? (Because he cannot eat it) 66. What has no wings but can fly (Dust) 67. What is deeper than hell? (A tailor's thimble) 68. What has four feet, a head and foot (A bed)

42. Why does a loaf on top of a chimney resemble a race-horse?
(Because it is high-bread)43. As I looked out the window one morning early I was 24 bull dogs tearing the ground. (A harrow) 44. Why didn't Moses bring light into the ark? (Because he didn't go into it) 45. A small messenger from house to house and it sleeps out in the night. (A foot path) 46. Which town in Ireland reminds you most of an ass? (Bray) 47. As I went up the boreen, I met it; I screwed the head off it; I drank it and then I broke it against the wall. (A bottle of beer) 48. What part of the tree reminds one of a dog? (The bark) 49. What is often hungry and a bit in its mouth? (A horse) 50. Why is a lam like the world? (Because it has a globe) 51. What county goes into a bottle? (Cork) 52. A barrel on the strand and two ends closed. (An egg) 53. What is it that has not any head and always wears a bonnet? (A motor car) 54. 'Tis there and a thousand eyes in it. (A pot of soup)

31. 'Tis red, yellow and 'tis purple and green
The king couldn't touch it, or either the queen (A rainbow)32. It grew in the wood and it sounds in the town For its master to earn many a crown (A fiddle) 33. Why is grass like a mouse? (Because the cattle (cat'll) eat it. 34. Why is the sun so cruel? (Because it tans so many women) 35. How many times can a man marry? (As often as his wife dies) 36. I ran down a hill. I sat down and searched for it. If I got it I would not bring it. (A thorn) 37. A black and white hen went up a hill. Black hen came down and the white one stayed above (An egg and a hen) 38. There was a man who was not born, his father was not before him. He didn't live or he didn't die and his epitaph is not over him. (Fear bréige) 39. Four bottles on the top of a hill None of them was corked, or none of them was spilled. (A cow's teats) 40. When is Ireland as white as a sheet? (When it is covered with snow) 41. What is the oldest bread in the world? (The elder)

what does he fall against?
Against his will15. What four letters would frighten a thief? OICU (Oh I see you) 16 What is it that has never more than one foot? A stocking 17 Why is the letter K like a pigs tail? Because it is at the end of pork

5. What has an eye but cannot see?
A needle.6. What is the strongest thing in the world? A snail because it carries its house on its back. 7. What is a hiss? Nothing divided by two. 8. Why cannot flies see in the Winter? Because the leave their specks behind in Summer 9. If I were in the sun and you out of it what would the sun be? Sin. 10. What tune makes everybody glad? Fortune. 11. Why do not bachelors like the capital of Ireland Because they don't like Dublin 12. Why is a dead doctor like a dead duck? Because they are both done quacking 13. Why is a fool's mouth like a tavern door? Because it is always opened. 14. if you throw a man of of the window

There is a Prophet now in Dublin whose ancestors were in the world before Adam, in the Ark with Noah and with Christ when he was crucified. He wears a bloody crown with a long, red beard which was never cut.
He goes bare-legged. He wears a partly-coloured coat both Summer and Winter. His coat is neither knit, woven, sewn or spun nor made by hand; it is neither linen, woollen, hair nor cotton, but naturally of a good gloss. He travels with neither sword, staff or gun and yet he has weapons to defend himself that no man ever made use of. He is exceedingly valiant and puts up with many affronts unrevenged. He can neither read or write and yet he is as skilled in the ancient as in the modern languages, and is understood by all nations and all sorts of people. He declares to the world that the Day of the Lord is at hand and by preaching he converted one of the greatest men the Church boasted of At his voice the windows and doors open. He prophecies daily and takes very little rest. He never sleeps in a bed or chair with his clothes off. As for his religion he seems more to be a Catholic than a Protestant for he eats no meat in Lent. He resembles the Mahomedans in having

then the queen said, "Do you not know us, Maggie." Maggie said if she were her mistress to put her ring under the door and she would let them in. When she got the ring she said, "You are my mistress, indeed." Then she let them in and told them the story.
The king said he would give a lot of money to his girl to get married. A noble gentleman came to the king's palace and proposed to marry her. A week after they got married. The day of the marriage the king invited rich and poor. While the bridegroom was gone his mother prepared a big fire to burn her daughter-in-law. When they went home her husband put her into a dash cell while he prepared two barrels of tar. But she went to a wood near by. She saw a man and she said to save her or she would be killed. So he put her up on his car and covered her with wood. Her husband came after her and he asked him did see anyone pass by. he took an oath that he saw someone go into the lake. The man went to the king's palace with the girl. She went in and told the king her story. When the month was up the man came to the king's palace and formed an excuse that his wife had cold. After supper there was music and dancing. When the party was over a great crowd took home the man and burned him in the tar and they burned

said that there was some trouble before her. The girl bolted the door.
She examined the doors again to see if they were well barred. She found every tool a carpenter ever had inside the door. She went into the parlour and brought out a double barrel gun. she left it on the table beside her. The old woman who changed herself into a man came and knocked at the door and asked to be let in to eat the meal but the girl would not let her in. Then the man made a hole in the door and stuck in his head and the girl cut it off with a hatchet. There were twelve other brothers outside and she did the same thing to them. There was yet another brother outside and he was afraid to put in his head. At length he stuck it in and she cut off his left ear. Then she went upstairs and put a light in every window to show that there was something wrong. When the king saw the lights he thought the house was on fire. He ran towards the house and there was a lame man at the wedding. He was so excited that he left his crutch after him and ran away with the others. When the king and queen came they said, "Maggie, let us in or what is wrong." But she would not let them in.

There were two men or ancient boys as we'd say lived close to where I was brought up in the Cloone - Mohill district. Finally, one of them thought he'd marry went in search of a bouncing young woman and the marriage took place. The second day after the marriage the bachelor brother thought he'd show his authority over the young woman & he ordered her to mend his 'auld Breeches'. This she politely refused to do and behold he says to her - Damn you - "What did WE marry you for."
These of course were sort of Amadán. They used previous to the marriage cook a fowl for their dinner by killing her & pulling her feathers and all into the heart of the fire, build coals around her and so leave her till cooked. As also used the two rode the one ass from their own home to Arva - Co Cavan, a journey

boghole was Peggie's "slough" as it was beside the bog. She usually went for two gallons of water at a tine, She had a very large pocket in her (praistín) which she always filled with clods & she collected the feathers with a stick off the water & carried them home in her mouth Thus she had feathers, clods, water all at the one load. Hence we locally say "Here she comes & bringing Peggie's load."Peggy was most superstitious. If coming meeting you, she'd turn back & keep going back till you'd pass her.
Another gentleman in this district thought he'd fly & so he made wings, he'd [?] in & got up on the top of his house. His wife asked him to not face for the lough. When he raised himself to fly, he was thrown prostrate on to a manure heap

a soft time. On one occasion her husband took in two wandering or 'tramp tailors' so Peggy was at her wits' end how she'd feed them. She knew all about boxty but wringing it was too hard a task to suit Peggy's taste. So far so good, she grated it; a whole creel of potatoes, threw the whole grated stuff into a bag all in the one. & clapped it between two very large stones till next day. Then being well dried, she boiled it without any flour (this class of boxty becomes very black) She put all the dumplings of boxty into a box and so kept on using them (aye, as much as must do for three months all together) I assure you at the end of a week the tailor's were gone as they could see Peggy lifting up the boxty by the fur on top.
………………………….. Now Peggy was shrewd in many ways. She had ducks, geese etc., which naturally lost feathers in the "slough" something [?] [?]

and lo! there were no nails Nails were sold in an adjoining shop. Tommy asked the other man to go in & buy the nails and the other man insisted that Tommy should but the nails & so he'd settle for all together. Poor Tommy spent his 2½D on the nails. The job being completed. Tommy claimed his money. There was nothing forth coming but ½D this being the amount of the poor man's wealth. Tommy being frantic at the loss of his money (2½D) no tobacco etc, hunted no man, jennet & all but soon thought ½ a loaf is better than no bread, so he mounted a ditch & shouted after the man, at the top of his voice, come back with my ½D.In the same locality but nearer to Gortermone lived a very small woman called - Peggy Duncan. Peggie's husband was a tailor, they had no family, so that she always enjoyed

asked his reverence how much he gave for the horse? where he got him etc etc. All being answered perfectly p- Tommy said - Well Father, one thing is certain, who ever shod him last did not know how to do it.To make a long story short poor Tommy renewed his pledge, but this time he thought he'd never be caught in the same lurch as he was before. He promised to have his drop up to his own door - Result - He had not far to go to the "bar" & so he carries his door on his back.
A great friend of his and a near neighbour wanted to wanted to have his jennet shod, he had no money, he knew well that it would not do to tell 'Tommy' so as he's surely be hunted. the blacksmith had 2½D to buy ½ oz tobacco. The shoes were made

a half-one. He did not want to break his promise and he resolved to carry it in his mouth as far as the forge & then swallow it. He started on his journey, mouth full & a bar of iron in each hand. He met a neighbour & could not speak to him, naturally the neighbour thought that something serious was wrong with Tommy & so he confronted him in God's name to speak to him, still Tommy only shook his head. In the end being unable to hold his treasure any longer the poor black-smith swallowed his treasure turned on his friend & properly threshed him with the irons.This same black-smith always shod the priest's horse. On one particular occasion the priest clipped & curried his horse to such an extent that poor Tommy thought that the priest made a new purchase. The

Some Eighty years ago or so, quite near us here tho' in the Co. Longford there was a cross-roads - Moyne - On and adjacent to this cross there were many houses for selling intoxicating drink so that the clergy man of the parish - Father Duffy - had quite a hard job endeavouring to keep the people sober.
At one time, he the priest - asked the local black-smith to give up drinking, or at least to make a promise to drink only in the forge. So the bargain was clenched - Tommy was to buy whatever drink he required to be consumed in the forge. On this particular day - Tommy went to one of those public houses where he used to get the bar iron to make horses' shoes. Having got some 'potteen' of special qualifications they offered 'Tommy'

out eyes. Both boys & girls made bird-cradles on the first approach of snow. Cut sally rods tied them up & wove other ones in & out. The 'pan' for the bird to hop on being a sally rod propped up with a trigger. In spring the cages were made for the young thrushes and black birds. We as children always petted a black bird and a thrush (two cages) fed them on porridge and worms. They were so tame when we'd have no cat we could open the cage door and they'd hop around us. But never had we anyone to invest in a bought cage, we always made our own.
Boys made tops from spools put in a piece of stick in the hole & spun it. As also french fiddles from combs covered with paper on which they played.

good wife. He thought out a great plan in which he would find out the wisest girl about the place. Gobán Saor got a sheeps skin, with the wool on it, and said to his son take this skin and sell it, and bring back to me the skin and the price of it. In those days every gril and woman used to spin wool and make it into garments, and so there was a great demand for wool. Gobán Saors son went to several houses, but not of the girls seemed to understand him he used to say he wanted the skin and the price of it. At last he found the right girl who understood what he was saying, she took the skin from him and sheared all the wool off it, gave him back the skin and paid him for the wool so he returned to his father with the skin and the price of it, in this way Gobán found out the wisest girl and got his son married to her

How do you get down off an ass?
Ans. It's not down that is on him it's hairLock at my face and I am every body scratch my back and I am no body? Ans. A Mirror. Why does a chimney smoke? Ans. Because it cannot chew. Why is a row of railway Carrages like a blanket? Ans. Because they cover sleepers. Why is the letter K like a pig's tail? Ans. Because it is the end of pork. What artist can draw and paint at the same time? Ans. A man drawing his breath while he is painting Where do you land first when you get off the ship? Ans. On your feet. Why does a hen pick a pot? Ans. Because she cant lick it. What turns and never moves? Ans Milk. As round as an apple as deep as a cup all the men in derry could not lift it up Ans. A spring well.

about the house with milk. The farmer was very fond of Sidheóigín. He gave him a good supper that night, and they went out for a walk before going to bed. They only heard two laughs that night. "Ha" said the master, "there were three last night and there are only two to-night". "There must be one of them sick". "What are they laughing at" said Sidheóigín. "The whole world" said the man, "because the whole world is afraid of them." "They are great fellows" said Sidheóigín, but he never told about killing one. Next morning he went away with the cows, and drove them in on the giants' land. He did the same as on the previous day, and the giant with two heads came out and shook the ground with a roar. "Come down you robber, you killed my brother, and you have my orchard robbed, and my grass eaten." "Take your time" said Sidheóigín "and fight me fair." The giant brought his sword and they went to the same rock. As happened to his brother, the second giant was killed, and Sidheóigín succeeded in preventing the head from leaping back on the body.
That night, the man had to borrow vessels to hold the milk, but Sidheóigín never told about killing the giant. The farmer got still fonder of the boy and gave him a great supper. When out for a walk that night they heard only one laugh.

the cattle, because if they go near the giants, they will devour them." "I'll engage you. I'll mind them" said Sidheóigín. Next morning he went to herd the cattle along the giants' domain, and the poor cows had nothing to eat but sedge and creeb. There was fine grass in the giants' domain, but there was a large cement wall around it. Sidheóigín walked over and gave the wall a push of his hand and tossed three perch of it. He drove in the cows to the orchard. He went up on an apple tree to eat apples and throw some down to the cows, when a giant came out with one head and let a terrible roar. "Come down you robber: you have my orchard robbed and my grass eaten" "You are two big for one mouthful, and too small for two" "Take your time" said "Sidheóigín "and fight me fair." The giant brought his sword and they went to a rock. With the drives they made at each other, they dug holes in the rock. Sidheóigín guarded himself with his iron stick, and the first chance he got he flew the head off the giant. The head gave a bound to get back on the body again, by Sidheóigín hit it a kick which drove it nine ridges away and the enchantment was broken. The head said that if it had to get on the head again, not he or the whole world would put if off again. When Sidheóigín went home with the cows the filled all the vessels

Sidheóigín Gannon was a boy who lived on Sliabh an Laraim. He was born in the morning, christened at dinnertime, and went to look for a wife in the evening. On his way he came across the axle of a cart. He brought it to the blacksmith and got a walking stick made out of it. he met a man in the evening. The man asked him who he was and where he was from. He told him he was Sidheóigín Gannon from Sliabh an Laraim and that he was born in the morning, christened at dinnertime, and that he was on his way to look for a wife that evening. The man told him he was too young to marry, and he asked him to got with him, and that he would give him work and feed him well, but no pay. His job was to herd cattle beside a giants' domain. He went with the man to the house and got a good supper. They took a walk that night. There lived three giants convenient, and they heard them laughing. Sidheóigín asked the master what they were laughing at. He said they were laughing at the whole world and that the whole world was afraid of them. "They are great fellows" said Sidheóigín. "Now, you boy you" said the man "I depend on you to mind

Granny and goes on pretents to the market and the children follow her and she puts them back then she goes and hides and the children go away and she calls them back and she gives them grass to eat and they pretend to be eating it.
She then takes them one by one and asks them where were they and they say in my Aunts for a bottle of wine. Then she will ask them what they got there and they will say tea and she will ask them where is mine and they say in the sink then she will take them one by one and beat them with a stick Hide and seek is played by a crowd of children gathering together and one of them suggests to the looker then the rest of the children run away and hide and the looker searches for them and the first one that is got has to be the looker. Pucaí Dallog is played

A = Because she cant go under it.R(9) Whats brought to the table cut, and never eaten.
A = A pack of Cards. R(10) Throw it up white and it will come down yellow. A = Churning milk. R(11) Whats like a cat looking in on a window A = Another looking out. R(12) Whats worse than a pig at a door A = Two. R(13) Tell me a town in Ireland would fit in a bottle A = Cork. R(14) I have a little cow and she hangs on the wall, she drinks all she gets and eats none at all. A = Lamp. R(15) Whats on a house more than straws A = Knots R(16) White and black went up the hill black came down and white stood above. A = Hen going up to lay an egg. R(17) what stands at one side of the wood and eats out of the other A = A cow eating out of a Trough

R(1) Up chip-cherry and down chip cherry all the men in Derry wouldnt climb chip cherry.
A = Smoke.R(2) What is it the more you take from it the bigger it gets. A = A hole in the wall. R(3) As I went out on yonder gap I met my Uncle Davitt. I cut his head sucked his blood and left him lying easy. A = A Blackberry R(4) Forty sheep went out on a gap Forty more followed that, five - eleven - three -two, how many is that. A = Five. R(5) What sleeps with its finger in its eye. A = Crook. R(6) Ink ank on the bank, ten drawing four. A = Woman milking a cow. R(7) Why does a hen pick the pot. A = Because she cant lick it. R(8) Why does a hen go over the road

in hell and condemed soles in a shoemaker's shop.R(33) Where was Moses when the light was out.
A = In the dark. R(34) Little cow crummy she lies by the wall give her hay give her straw she'll eat up it all, give her water she will die giver her paper she will fly. A = A fire. R(35) Six in one bed and none of them at the stock. A = The felloes of a cart. R(36) What room can on one enter. A = A mushroom. R(37) Ink ank on the bank 50 devils in one shank. A = A wheel R(38) What part of a cart goes into the town first. A = The rattle R(39) Two legs under, three leg's overhead the heart of the living in a mouth of the dead. A = A pot on a man's head. R(40) How could you compare a clock to

sting for the time.
In one game called Thart á Bhróg the players sat down in a circle with knees drawn up. One man stood in the centre of the ring and was struck with the Buithreach or burach. It was immediately put under the knees and passed from hand to hand around the ring while the man in the centre tried to find it.The Twelve Tinkers: A man sat on a stool in the middle of the floor with a girl or a boy on his knee. All the young men in the house went outside the door or were driven out by those wielding the burachs. Outside they formed into line, one behind the other with their hands around each other waists. They then walked in all chanting a kind of rhyme. "Here comes twelve tinkers airy and free, airy and free and we want your daughter from thee." They went around the man on the chair chanting this rhyme. The man in the chair replied:

"I have a daughter down by my knee And I will (wont) give my daughter to thee."
If they got the girl they were allowed to depart in peace, but if refused, two men with buracs each side of the door slashed them as they rushed out. Occasionally one of the "Tinkers" would put his hands against the door jambs and hold the rest of his followers inside till they were soundly thrashed. Outside again they lined up once more and repeated the performance coming as "Twelve Gentlemen", "Twelve Warriors", "Twelve Jobbers" or using some horribly lewd expressions to describe their calling. They were refused or got the girl according to what the "father" thought of their "professions". Pleased or Half-Pleased The girls had each to take a boy on their knees one girl being without a boy. Two men with buracs asked the girls then "Are you pleased or half-pleased". If "pleased" they passed to the next. If "half-pleased" they asked what boy she wished to have, and the lad named

"I have a daughter down by my knee And I will (wont) give my daughter to thee."
If they got the girl they were allowed to depart in peace, but if refused, two men with buracs each side of the door slashed them as they rushed out. Occasionally one of the "Tinkers" would put his hands against the door jambs and hold the rest of his followers inside till they were soundly thrashed. Outside again they lined up once more and repeated the performance coming as "Twelve Gentlemen", "Twelve Warriors", "Twelve Jobbers" or using some horribly lewd expressions to describe their calling. They were refused or got the girl according to what the "father" thought of their "professions". Please or Half-Pleased The girls had each to take a boy on their knees one girl being without a boy. Two men with buracs asked the girls then "Are you pleased or half-pleased". If "pleased" they passed to the next. If "half-pleased" they asked what boy she wished to have, and the lad named

A = when he slept with his forefathers.R (24) Which is the heaviest load you ever carried?
A = Laziness. R (25) How many thorns on an acre of whins A = One and the rest. R (26) What is over the fire, and under the fire and never touches the fire? A = A cake in an oven. R (27) What turns without moving? A = A road. R (28) Why is a cat's tail like a swans bosom? A = Because it grows down. R (29) There is a town in Ireland of much fame, spell it backways or front ways and its all the same ? A = Navan. R (30) Little Jenny Ruddle sitting in a puddle with a green gown and a white petty-coat? A = A bundle of rushes. R (31) What lives and never eats? A = A moth. R (32) Why is hell like a shoemakers shop? A = Because there are condemned souls.

R(1) There is a gray goose in the garden she's of a great size, the man that will buy her, will want to be wise she has feet in her belly and walks upon none, she goes far from her dwelling and seldom come's home
A = A Ship.R(2) I have a little house and it would'nt hold a mouse and it as many windows as the Lord Mayor's castle. A = A Thimble. R(3) As I went up to Dublin I saw a great wonder four and twenty wild geese tearing the earth asunder. A = A Harrow. R(4) What's full and can hold more. A A pot of potatoes and water. R(5) A jumper of ditches a clipper of thorn's a bunny brown cow with two leather horn's. A = A Rabbit. R(6) Round the house and round the house and lies in the corner. A = A Beesom. R(7) One moonlight night as I sat high watching for one, two passed by, my

fish, feather or bone but there he stands there alone.
A = The sun.R(22) A wee, wee, pony grey and slim a long white flowing tail on him, now a man with brassy hood is driving him out through the wool. A = A tailor sewing with a needle, thread, and thimble. R(23) Its in the water it cant be wet its in the shop it cant be sold, Its in the mill it can't be ground Riddle me that and I'll give you a £1 A = The sun. R(24) Little Nancy tetticoat with a white petticoat the longer she stands the shorter she grows. A = A candle. R(25) The was three pup's in a box. Trick, Tray, and Trum which is the bitches name A = They were three dogs

A = A PriestR(14) How would you compare a cobbler to a priest
A = Both mind soles (souls). R(15) How is a cobbler like a king. A = Both wear his nose above his chin R(16) Says the child to the father how does it come, that your my father and I'm not your son A = She was his daughter. R(17) I went to the wood for "brasna" I brought back neither ash oak or elm or any sort of "brasna" but I had brasna home with me. A = "Brasna" was the dogs name. R(18) What sleep's with its finger in its eye. A = A Crook. R(19) What's most like a horses shoe A = A mare's shoe. R(20) There is a table in my father's garden, it is neither ash, oak, elm, or yew or anything else that ever grew. What is it A = A sheet of ice. R(21) There is a deer on yonder hill its there he stands alone he is neither

rode down to the river and began to read mighty loud. When he was reading about five minutes all at once the bottom of the hamper fell out and the man fell into the water with the old gander on top of him. They made such a splash down to the bottom of the river that you could hear a half a mile away. Before they had time to rise again the priest with astonishment ran the horse quickly and before he knew where he was going, in he went horse and all on top of the man and gander. Up they all came together gasping and puffing and off down the current with them and in under the arch of the bridge. When they came to the shallow water the gander was the first to come out and then the man and the priest who were nearly half drowned. The priest was so frightened that he did not get the better of it for a month.
As soon as the man could speak he said that he would take the life of the two lads. He also said that he went to his own bed that night. The priest said that it was a mystery and he swore that if he heard anyone laughing at the accident that he

went to bed he got some potteen and another man and himself sat down and the more uneasy the man got, the more he drank. It was not long until he was drunk and then he bade the man who was with him a good night and walked off. He thought he was going into bed but where did he throw himself but into the hamper. It was not long until he was covered in the hay. Then when daylight came the two boys who was to bring the gander to the market was up, and they put it into the hamper. When they were going they thought that the gander was very heavy. When they came about half ways on the road the cart hopped into a hole that was in the road. The noise of the cart wakened the man and he began to shout. The two boys got frightened and they did not know what to do. Then they ran the horse quickly towards the priest's house. When they reached the house they told their story to the priest.
The priest said that he would get his book and read some holy pieces of it. He told the two boys to get a rope and tie it round the hamper, and let it swing over the water at the bridge. Then the priest

he looked at the gander and in about half an hour he told the man to take the gander to the next room and to put a petticoat round his head. The man asked him why he was doing that for and the doctor told him that if it wasn't done that he would never be easy in his mind. When he had it done the doctor said that it was his own father. He said that it was his fathers wandering soul. The man was very excited and he said that he plucked it twelve times at the least. The doctor said that if the gander would not speak the following morning that he could call him a fool. The doctor said that he had a plan composed that would make him talk. The plan was that the bird would be put into a hamper and then put on a cart and brought to the market. If the gander would not speak before he would be half ways he said that it was better to take it to the priest.
The gander was left in the room and they all commenced to talk about Sent it to the market. As the night was getting late the man was sorrowful about what was going to happen. As soon as his wife and children

his heart was almost broke striving to make up fortunes for them. There wasn't anything he could find that he could make money of than he hadn't. He also got money by keeping poultry, turkys, and also geese. A few times every year he plucked the geese as bare as his hand and got a fine price for the feathers. He got eggs from the geese and when they were too old to lay any more he sold them to the gentlemen and told them that they were goslings.
It happened after a while that one old gander took a great liking to the man and wherever he went the gander also went. At last the bird got so lovely that the man would not allow it to be plucked any more. and he kept it for love and affection just like one of his children. Some of his neighbours told him that it was the devil and others said it was a fairy. The man was very uneasy in his mind and he determined to send for the fairy doctor and he surely thought that the doctor would tell him what it was. When the doctor came he took his supper and then

fighting. At that time the children carried no bags but left their books in the school. One day the boy said that he would leave from the school and from home. He arose very early one morning and set off for the school. When the teacher came to the school he opened the door and the boy went in. He walked over to the seat and commenced to gather up his books. As he was going out in the door the teacher asked him where he was going to. He said that he was leaving the school because the children used always talk about his parents how the fought. The teachers coaxed him to stay and that he would tell the children not to say anything to him about his parents. He went off and when he came as far as a wood where there was a collage he stopped as he was very tired. He left down his books under his head and fell off to sleep. The stewards were out walking and saw him. They went over to him and looked at his books and the said that he had his books very clean and the woke him up. They brought him to the college and after a few years study he became a priest. After another few years he said that he would like to go to see the old homestead and to see if

She had a barrel of tar at the window.
Tom knew this and said that he would send in the shoemaker himself that knight. They reached there and when he went in he fell head over heels into the barrel of tar. He did not know what to do because he knew that the witch or king would find him the following morning. Then the other said that he would cut off his head as there was no chance of getting out of the tar. After cutting his head off, he walked home. He worked there for that time Of course the following morning the witch found the body. She was none the wise for there was no head anywhere to be seen at last they agreed that a horse should be got to pull the body by every house. Then the wife or friends of this man would come out. The king would know who robbed the castle. One day however they dragged the body of the shoemaker by the shop. The wife began to cry. But Tom took the knife and cut the top of his finger and told that woman that she should say she was crying becaus he cut th top off his finger if the king asked her why she was doing so. When he did not succeed that day he held a meeting another day. Tom decided that he should dress like the devil and she the Blessed Virgin and they would frighten all off the field. They did so.

Once a woman and three sons were living in a house near the road. She want to get rid of the sons. One day she thought of a plan. She told them to go into the barn and stay there until she had prepared the dinner. When she got her chance she locked the barn door. One of the sons was called Tom Thomb. He heard his mother related the plan and told it to his brothers. There was a long ladder in the barn and by climbing it the three escaped through the chimney. The thought of them escaping never came to the mother. She set a lighted match to a dry bundle of straw and threw it into the old house.
When she knew she would be late she shouted to the neighbours that the her sons were being burned. When the three reached the cross-roads each went a diffirent road at The first house Tom reached was a shoemaker's shop. He went in and asked for work and got it. After working there for a long time he found that there was a number of valuable articles in a castle near by. He decided that he and the shoemaker should go to the castle and get some of the gold. The first night they got a number of articles and a number of gold soverings. A third time the went again. A witch was minding the castle and this night

Why does a hen pick a pot
Ans:- because she can't lick it.Q:- What is it that can make more noise at a gate than one pig Ans. Two pigs or more. Q:- Why does a man go to bed Ans:- Because the bed won't come to him. Q:- Whats the first thing a man does when he goes to bed Ans: Tosses the Clothes Q:- Round the house, and round the house, and lies at the back door. Ans- A beesem. Q:- Through the wood, and through the wood, and leaves a rag on every bush. Ans: The fog. Q: There's a little thing in this house, and there's more windows on it than the Lord Mayor's House. Ans = A Thimble. Q = Put in dry, taken out wet, the longer its in the stronger it gets Ans = tea when it is whet. Q. A little messenger from house to house, and its always out at night. Ans = A lane.

Q As round as an apple as flat as a pan, one side a woman & the other a man
Ans = A penny.Q. Whats like the half of the moon Ans = The other half. Q = As I went out on yonder gap, I met my uncle Davey, I cut off his head and sucked his blood, and left him lying easy Ans:- A blackberry. Q:- As I went out yonder gap, I saw a tree with apples on it. I took no apples off it, nor I left no apples on it and what is it [?] Ans: He took one apple off it, and left one apple on it Q;- As I went over the fields of Honey I met her and old woman scratching her cuddy. I gave her a jig and I gave her a jault, and all the old grey hairs came tumbling out. Ans - A Thistle Q:- Why does an ass eat thistles. Ans: Because he's an ass.

Q = What part of a cow goes out on a gap first.
Ans = her breathQ What is it that is over your head and under your hair. Ans = Your hair. Q:- Put out your hand, and there you'll see what never was no never will be Ans = Your fingers not the one length. Q = What is that the more you take out of it the bigger it gets Ans = A whole in the wall Q = What is it that you can fill twice Ans = A pit of potatoes with water. Q = What is it that a needle has and everything has it. Ans = A name. Q = What is it that comes in on your back and goes out in dust. Ans = Turf.

Q:- As round as an apple, as sharp as a lance, if you were on top of it would bring you to France
Ans:- The Moon.Q. What is it that is cut on the table and never eaten Ans:- A pack of cards. Q:- Through the wood, through the wood, and their heads down Ans- Nails in a mans boot. Q. Through the wood, and through the wood and never touches the wood Ans = A knife in a mans pocket. Q:- As round as an apple, as deep as a cup All the men in Londonderry wouldn't lift it up Ans = A well. Q - As I sat on my hunkers, I peeked through my winkers, I saw the dead covering the live. Ans = Covering the fire at night Q:- A leap of the ditches, a creap of the thorns, a little brown cow with a pair of leather horns. Ans = A hare.

leave one alive,
His lordship said to Makem in the presence of Kinkade. "Sure of Rory or the devil I never was afraid", "I would drive single or tandem, from Lough Rynn to Donegal, And make them sign to my agreement, & take bog thickets all," He left Faughan in the county Donegal, At the foot of Gortlart, he met his sad down fall. It was there where poor Rory was waiting for his party, He said to Lord Leitrim, "So oft you have come this way" "Your evictions are so numerous, & your vile oppression great," "I'am sorry for your poor comrades, must share in your sad fate" Then a volley was fired & attacking did begin, "But for fear & perecution, I'd surely spare your men," It was quickly a bullet entered into Lord Leitrim's side, His arm it was broken & his skull it

In olden times the people drank a lot of kinds of milk. The kinds of milk drank were sweet milk, nixed milk, butter milk, bull's milk, bottom milk, and jug of the yoke. When milk was scarce in winter and early spring the people used to make bull's milk. Here is the way the people made the bull's milk. First the people got about three pounds of oaten meal. This meal was usually put in to an earthen ware crock. Next some "luke water" was got and it was poured in on the meal in the crock. By luck water I mean some boiling water and cold water mixed together. This was left to sour for about a week. The reason why it was left to sour for about a week was to extract all the juice out of the meal. Then the people got a butter milk strainer and strained all that was in the crock in to a tin basin. This butter milk strainer was made of tin and there was a tin handle in it. The bottom of this strainer was covered with small holes. The people used this strainer for straining milk after been churned. The reason why the bottom of the strainer was covered with small holes was to let the milk drop down through the holes. What the people strained into the basin they drank some of it. Then they boiled some of it and when it was boiled it was called flummery. When this flummery was cold and eaten with milk was a appetising meal.
When sweet milk was scarce in winter and early spring

give for the beast taking away some luck money from it and so he has no need to be arguing. The luck money is not calculated. It is left owning to the seller, if he is a decent fellow or a miser. when a bargain is made the parties show their agreement by striking hands. If it is a dealer that is making the animals he marks them with raddle or clips a bit of the hair. If it is a country man that is buying them he marks them with dirt, manure or a bit of cart grease on the back. When a horse or donkey is sold the halter is given away or a piece of rope but if it is cattle it is retained. The most important fairs held in Mohill are the nineteenth of October, the twenty fifth of February and the eighth of May. The most important fairs held in Drumshanbo are, the sixteenth of May, the first of June and the first of April. The most important fairs held in Cloone are the twenty sixth of May and the thirteenth of June.
There are no special fairs held in the year for the sale of sheep. Sheep are very rare in this district. It is very seldom

where fairs are held. Another reason for the ceasing of those fairs is because there would come no buyers to it. Since those fairs are not held in Kesh Carrigan at present there is a saying connected with them that is used very frequently. .l. "It is all over like the fair of Kesh." There are fair places called "greens" in those towns but in cases the things are sold on the street. For instance in Mohill, pigs and calves are often sold on the street. When the purchaser is going out through the custom gap with his beasts he has to pay toll or custom a s it is called locally. This man lifts this custom because it is he that is in charge of the fair "green" and he also pays the rent on it. There is about six pence per head paid as custom. When an animal is sold luck penny is given of about two shillings or so. But sometimes buyers give the seller a certain amount for his beast on condition that he will give him half a crown or so back. I do not know really what is the sense of this. Here is another queer custom of the buyer's. He leaves out a certain sum that he will

not the same taste as that of the eel. It has a lot nicer taste. There are three sorts of fish that are caught in the river and they are the eel the trout and the perch. There are various kinds of fish caught in the lake such as the perch the eel the pike the shade and the roach. Some people fish for profit and other fish for sport. There is another way for catching fish and here is the way it is done. There is a strong thread got known as a piler thread and attached to this there is baits attached on to it. Some of these baits are made out of tin and it is the shape of the bottom of a spoon. On the back of this there is the shape of a fish with the shape of a fish painted out. Before going to fish he must shine this properly before going fishing so that it will glitter in the water. More of the baits are made into fish. These fish are made of red flannen which is sewn together. This is stuffed inside with little bits of cloth. Then this is sewn firmly and some times there is a bit of snare wire put round this so as to keep it very firm. Then there is a bit of tin got and made into a round shape about one inch deep and two inches broad. Then the two sides of this are fastened together. There is the shape of an eye put in this which is generally always a beads stone which is of a bright blue colour which is nearly like the colour of a fishes eye. The reason why he selects red red for the body of the fish is because the fish that the bigger fish eat is the perch and he is of a fairly red colour and when he sees this image he makes a bite at it and so he is caught. At the top of this there is a hook and when he swallows it the hook catches in his neck and so he

that it would be whiter. Then a brush is got and is diped into the lime water.
More of this is slack lime. This lime is no good for whitening houses but is good for land. this lime is good for raising crops out of the land. It is scattered all over the land. Some times this lime is put on the top of the ridges where potatoes and it takes the place of artificial manure. Mostly all the lime is used for white washing purposes. When the lime stone is put into water it boils up and the cold water becomes tremendously hot and all the stones of lime brake into slack lime. When every much lime is put into the water it takes it a very long to dry up on the wall but when a little lime is put on the water it is far far worse because it would make on change on the colour of the wall and it would fall down off the wall again and it would not stick to the wall. The way it is used is first there is a clean bucket got and it is half filled with lime. Then about a half a ball of blue is added to this to make the colour of the lime whiter. Then a thick bit of a stick is got to keep the lime stirred up from the bottom. Then about a half a bucket of water is added to this and it is kept continually stirred. then a white washing brush is got and it is left steeped in cold water for about a half an hour. The lime is left steeped in the water for about an hour and then it is stirred up. First the brush is dipped into the lime water and the brush is rubbed up and down against the wall and so on until they have the whole wall white washed. Lime water is very good for a person to drink for his or hers stomach the first thing in the morning. First two small lumps of lime is got and

Lime kilns were a very common thing in this district in the olden times, but they are not so common now. There were two in this townland and there in the townland of Currabarick and there was two in the townland of Cornavad. These lime kilns are not used now in this district. They did not use this for whitening houses as they do now because it would not be good enough or it would not be clean enough to use for this purpose. They used to scatter this lime on the land to take the place of manure and here is the way they used to burn it. First they used to dig a very deep hole down in the ground and they would throw up the lime stones up on the bank of this hole. This lime kiln would be on a bank where these would be a slope down along one side through which there was a hole, which was very wide. Out through this hole the lime used to come out through. First they used to put down a big fire down in this hole. This fire was made of coal and turf and sticks. Then they used to throw the stones of lime down into this hole. Then they used to throw up in this lime and it would still be in hard stone. This lime is very good for white washing and here is the way it is used. First a wash tub is got and it is about half full with lime. Then it is filled up with clean water and left for about one hour to melt. During this time, it is kept continually stirred so that none of it would rest on the bottom of the tub and not melt in this way. There is sometimes blue put into this so

put around their necks or as crowns on their heads. Lanterns were made from turnips. this is the way they were made. A turnip is got and it is scooped out till there is nothing left but the skin. Then eyes and a nose and teeth are cut in this skin. Then a candle is put in and it is lighted. Then this is put on a bush in some lonely field or lonely lane to frighten some certain person. Wire men are also made. They are made from wire. The wire is made into the shape of a man with arms and legs attached. Then another man is attached to this one. Butter-fly cages are also made. They are made from rushes. This is the way they are made. A rush is put in between each finger and another rush is put beside those and each of them are turned down over this one. Then another rush was put beside this and the ends of the first rush are turned down on this one. This is continued till it reaches the tops of the fingers. Then this is pulled out off the fingers and the bottoms of the rushes are clipped evenly. Then the back is filled in with rushes and the bottom is tied with a long rush. Bird-cradles are also made from rods. Four rods are got and they are bent in two. They are then set in the ground in the form of a square. Then the rods are brought together at the top and they are tied with a string. Pieces of string are tied at intervals on the rods to keep them steady and firm. Then rods are got are are tied to the frame. The

of the country could be seen going off every Thursday carrying baskets of butter on their arms. If the people were going to keep the butter for their own use they made nice little prints out of the butter. the reason is the people made nice prints out of the butter was so that the butter would look and dilicious on the table and also when people would be hungry it would help them eat a good meal. Once upon a time a woman went to a graveyard not verry far from where this woman was living. When this woman reached the graveyard she went into the graveyard and cut off the hand off a dead man. Every time this woman started churning she would put the dead hand into the churn. While she was churning she would say "dead hand" dead hand' gather all my neighbours butter come on my milk. Once upon a time a certain man went to a graveyard and cut the hand off a dead man. He brought the dead hand home with him and he rolled some paper round the dead hand. Then he put the dead hand into a box and he put the box up on the back of the couple in the byre. When this family of people left this house and when an other family of people came in to the house they found the box at the back of the couple. When they opened the box they found out that it was a dead hand but the hand was all rotted and there was nothing left only bones

way they tested the tempeture of the milk in olden times. The people put in one of their fingers into the cream and lifted a drop of cream on one finger and hit it against their cheecks. In the winter time the people put about a kettle of boiling water to raise the tempeture for churning and in the summer they put hardly any water. The churning took about an hour and a half in olden times before it was finished. When the milk was churned the people took off the butter by means of the dabbler. Then the people put the butter into a gallon and sometimes the people put the butter into a wooden dish in olden times. Then the people put some water in on the butter and they drained it off. The reason why the people put the water in on the butter was if there was any milk in the butter the water would take it all out. Then the people got the butter spades and the people clapped the butter between the two spades. The reason why the people clapped the butter between the spades was if there was any milk left in the butter the spades would take it all out of the butter. If the people were going to sell the butter they would make the butter into big bars. Then the people put into the tub and rubbed the salt round the sides of the tub. The reason why the sides of the tub were salted was to prevent the butter from rotting. Then all the women

The man shut the door and barred the door so that t he woman would not get in the house. The man put the coulter of the plough in the fire. The wife and himself started to churn the woman started to kick the door to get in. She told the man to give her out the coulter. If the man did not give her out the coulter she would die. When the coulter was getting red the woman's house was burning. The woman of the house gave out the coulter through the window the woman out side. At that verry minute the dash was so thickened with butter that the people of the house were not able to lift the dash up out of the churn. Once upon a time a certain man was on the bog cutting turf. This man went to a house near hand for a coal to light his pipe When he went into the house the people of the house were churning. The man took a coal off the fire and he left the house and he forgot to take a Brash. He brought the coal along with him. When he reached the bank where he was cutting he sat down to take a smoke. When he sat down of number of his neighbours came and sat down along with him to take a smoke. When the men the men had their pipes kindeled the man that brought the coal out of house threw the coal into the bog hole. At that verry minute the people who were sitting along with the man saw the butter swimming on the top of the bog hole. Here is the

woman and she used to come out like a hare and she used to suck the cows. On a Sunday morning a man caught her sucking his cows. This man had a hound and the hound followed her around three fields but at last the hare got the better of the hound. Then the hare went home to her own house. There was no window on the house only a hole in the wall for getting in. Just as she was going in through the wall the hound caught her by the tail and cut the tail off her. The people of that district gathered round the house and opened the door and went in. When they went in the people found her in the middle of the floor sitting on a pot bleeding. She told the people to lift a flag and under the flag there were numerous miscons of butter. Any one who though she took their butter could take a miscon with him. When the man died the hound was cut on the tombstone over his grave to commemorate the action. Once upon a time there was a certain woman was accused of taking certain man's butter. One night this man went to her house and when he was leaving he pulled a few straws out of the thatch and brought them home with home. The woman followed him to a corn field near hand the house. All the stooks were knocked down except one. The man went in under this stook and hid himself. The woman searched under all except the one that was standing but at last she did not catch him. Then the man went home and the woman followed him

people lost the butter they went to the priest and they brought with them some milk in a bottle and the priest blessed the milk. He then told the people to go home and bring the milk home with them. He also told the people to put a drop into each crock and when they would churn they would have the butter back again. Once upon a time a certain man lost the butter and he went to the priest. The priest gave him blessed salt and as long as the blessed lasted he had the butter. When the blessed salt was gone the butter was gone. He got a cure to have the butter always. Here is the cure. This man got twelve rushes in honour of the twelve Apostles. Then he peeled the rushes leaving a little bit of a back. Then he dipped the rushes in oil. then he got an old tin and he put the candles into the manure. On the sixth night of January these candles were burned. When the candles were burned the man put the remainder in the byre at the back of the couples. Once upon a time when people were churning a certain woman went into a house alone. When she left the house there never came a bit of butter on the milk. Then the people went to the priest and told him about it. The priest told them if they had anybody accused that he could do nothing for them. Then he told them to go out at a certain time in the night for three succeeding nights and milk a drop from each cow. He also told them to bring the drop of milk home with them. He also told to put a drop into the first crock in the name of the Father in the second crock in the name of the Son and in the third crock in the name of the Holy Ghost and to throw the remainder behind the fire. Once upon a time there was a

There is a churn in my house as long as I remember. It is about three feet tall and it is one and a half wide. The sides of the churn are round. It is thirty years old and made of oat. The chief parts of the churn are the "Neck", the hoops, and the Laggen. There was the sign of the cross in red on the bottom of the churn. The reason why this mark was on the bottom of the churn was to prevent any person who came in while the people were churning that he could not bring the butter with him. The people in olden times churned twice each week in summer and once each week in winter. in olden times the people did the churning themselves. After strangers came in while the churning was going on. The person who came in used to say "God bless the work. Before the person left the house the people of the house made him take a Brash. The reason why the people made the person that came in take a Brash was because he or she would not bring the butter with him or her. the churn dash was made of oak and sally. The round berry gad was put on the top of the lid. Here is how the round berry gad was made. On May eve the people went out and cut the round berry rods. Then the people peeled the rods and then they twisted the rods and made a gad out of them. What was left the people put it in the byre at the back of the couples. In olden times the people did the churning by hand and sometimes they did the churning by foot. When

out on younder window. I saw the worlds wonders four hundred pots a boiling and not a fire under them. Lime slackening. What is it that is deeper than the sea. A tailor's thimble. What is it that is bigger when the head is off it. A pillow. What is the three things money cannot buy. A sheet for the bed of a river. A lock for an elephant's trunk. Buttons for a coat of paint. Why is the clock the shyest thing in the house. Because it has it's hand on its face. There is a cow and she is tied to the wall. She would eat all the hay from here to Donegal and if she got a drink she would die. A fire. As round as an apple. As plump as a ball. Can climb the church over steeple and all. The sun. What never was not never will be put out of your hand and then you will see. None of your fingers are the same length. Two fat under three over head the head of the living in the mouth of the dead. A man with a pot on his head. Niddy, noddy, round body, three feet and a wooden hat. A pot. What is divided round the table and never eaten. A pack of cards. There is a thing in every house and it is neither within or without. The jam of the door. In a flock of fifty crows. Six were shot how many remained. Six remained. A black as silk. As white as milk and hops on the road like hailstones. A magpie. An old grey horse on a pile of stones. When he eats a bit he always groans. A gun. What goes

get me a cherry without a stone. A cherry blossom and an egg. Through the wood and through the wood and never takes a bit off the wood. A nail in a man's boot. I went to the wood and found it. I sat down and fought with it and against my will I brought it. A thorn. Little Genie Ruddle sat in a puddle and a green gown on her. A rush. As I went into a field of corn. I met a thing and it was neither fish flesh feather nor bone. I left it there till it walked alone. An egg. Trough the wood and through the wood and never touches thee wood at all. A knife in a man's pocket. Why does a hen pick a pot. Because she cannot lick it. What is it that God cannot do. To make two hills without a hollow. Black and white and red all over. A paper. As I looked out on yonder window. I saw the dead carrying the live. A train. As I went out on yonder gap I met my uncle David. I knocked him down and cut his throat and left him lying easy. A black betty. What is it that gets bigger the more is taken off it. A hole. It is in the mill and cannot be ground. It's in the shop and cannot be sold. It's in the water and cannot be wet. The sun. What is it that stands out side the wood and eats inside it. A pig eating out of a trough. What is it that is all holes and holds water. A crook. What is the shyest thing in the house. The clock. As I looked

Purple, yellow, red, and green the princes cannot touch it not yet can the queen. The rainbow. Lepper of ditches. & clipper of thorns. A hare. I cannot see it and you can see it and it is nearer to me than to you. The back of my head. Round the house and round the house and lies at the back door. The broom. What goes from house to house leaving a loaf in every window. Snow.
House full room full and would not get a teaspoon. Smoke. What word with eight letters when five letters a result [?] ten is left. Tendency. Under the water and over the water and never touches the water. A egg in a duck. Why is a horse never hungry when he is going on a long journey. Because he is always eating something. One foot and two hands against the apple tree it stands. A pitch fork. Which part of the fish weighs most. Scales. As round as an apple. As deep as a cup. All the men in Derry would not lift it up. A spring. What roof covers the most noisest tenant. The roof of the mouth. When is a cow not a cow. When she is turned into a meadow. What goes between two woods and never gets into the wood. The bark of a tree. What goes up the ladder with its head down. A nail in a man's boot. Hairy in, Hairy out, hairy in to hairy's mouth. A man putting on his sock. Will you get for me a bird with out a bone will you

Purple, yellow, red, and green the princes cannot touch it not yet can the queen. The rainbow. Lepper of ditches. & clipper of thorns. A hare. I cannot see it and you can see it and it is nearer to me than to you. The back of my head. Round the house and round the house and lies at the back door. The broom. What goes from house to house leaving a loaf in every window. Snow.
House full room full and would not get a teaspoon. Smoke. What word with eight letters when five letters a result [?] ten is left. Tendency. Under the water and over the water and never touches the water. A egg in a duck. Why is a horse never hungry when he is going on a long journey. Because he is always eating something. One foot and two hands against the apple tree it stands. A pitch fork. Which part of the fish weighs most. Scales. As round as an apple. As deep as a cup. All the men in Derry would not lift it up. A spring. What roof covers the most noisest tenant. The roof of the mouth. When is a cow not a cow. When she is turned into a meadow. What goes between two woods and never gets into the wood. The bark of a tree. What goes up the ladder with its head down. A nail in a man's boot. Hairy in, Hairy out, hairy in to hairy's mouth. A man putting on his sock. [?] you get for me a bird with out a bone will you

Rev. Father Forde was P.P. in Penal Times - date unknown.Rev. Pat Magawran (Mc Govern) 1820 - 1847. Buried beneath Station I.
built Drumella Chapel in 1824 and Carrigallen Chapel in 1846. Both are still in use. Rev. Charles O Reilly P.P. (1847 - ) Buried beneath Station XIV. Rev. Patrick Galligan P.P. (- - 1879?) Buried in native place. Rev. Terence Murray P.P. (1879(?) - 1894) Died 2-1-1894. Buried in front of main door Rev. Edward O Reilly P.P. (1894 - 1914) Transferred to Drumreilly Rev. Martin Kelly P.P. (1914 - 1919) Transferred to Killasnett Rev. Philip Smith P.P. (1919 - 1933) Transferred to Killeshandra Rev. Thomas Bradley P.P. (1933 - 1937) died 4-11-'37 Buried in angle at N.W corner of chapel near small door Rev. Patrick Mc Cabe P.P. (1937 - Present) Cornaughy old thatched Chapel was blown down on the night of the "Big Wind" 6th January 1839. Fr Pat Magawran said Mass in his own barn for 7 years until the present Carrigallen Chapel was built in 1846. In 1847 his house was accidentally burned down and he was smothered in the burning building. He never recovered and was buried inside the Chapel beneath the First of the Stations of the Cross. He was born in Corglass, Carrigallen Parish. May 1862. This was the date of a great Dominican Mission held in Carrigallen. the Parish was then seething with factionism and many people had lost their lives in faction fights. The missioners restored peace. Their names (Over)

No one seems to know when the present PROTESTANT CHURCH was erected but it does not seem to have been devoted to Catholic worship at any time. In the graveyard adjoining it are the ruins of THE OLD CATHOLIC CHURCH. Catholics continued to be buried there up to 30 years ago and about 10 years ago a Catholic named Pat Dooladdy - Townland of Dohern Parish of Drumreilly was buried there. Another Catholic was buried there about 3 years ago but it is not expected that any further burials of Catholics will take place
In the graveyard is a MONUMENT with the following inscription:- "This monument is sacred to the memory of Catherine Galbraith late wife of Humphrey Galbraith Esq who died 19th Day of August 1748 aged 33 years." [note in margin - about 200 years ago Wife died in 1748] This Humphrey Galbraith lived in Carrigallen and it was he who brought a colony of PROTESTANT SETTLERS to Aughavas Parish (next to Carrigallen) and settled them in the townlands of Drumgunny, Corroneary, DrumeKane, Corduff &c. The descendants of these are still in possession. They were so numerous that a Protestant Church was erected in Aughavas for their use. The Church still exists and a small Protestant School is there also. The present Protestant clergyman ministers in both Cloone and Aughavas.

accomplished by placing the hand, back downwards, on the ground with the first and second fingers of the hand around the spike. By giving the spinning top a little tip of the first finger it was shot into the middle of the hand and continued spinning there. Some boys never could learn to do this and often the revolving spike took off the skin of the fingers on the inside."The Ring"
After spinning the tops like this and lifting them for some time the boys agreed to "peg a ring". A ring about 3 or 4 feet in diameter was drawn on the road, and the object of the game was to get some boy's top into this ring by the following means. First it was agreed how many "hoaks" this boy's top would get from each of the other boys at the end of the game. Now "hoaks" were holes or indentations made on the head of the top by the spike of another top. No boy liked to get "hoaks" in his top as its appearance was thereby very much spoiled. So no boy wished to have his top enter the ring. The method of giving the "hoaks" will be explained later. They agreed upon 3 hoaks, 5 hoaks or 7 hoaks - generally 5. To decide whose top would go down on the ground first they took aim at a coin, button, or small stone by "pegging" the top at it. The

little hole made by the spike decided the nearness of the aim. Whoever was farthest away had to leave his top on the ground as the spot generally about 15 or 18 yards from the "ring" previously made. Each of the other boys "pegged" his to at the one on the ground and tried to drive it towards the ring. If he failed to drive the top even a little bit forward, he had to lift the spinning top on his had and from that position hit the top on the ground with the top spinning in his hand so as drive it forward. If he failed to drive the top on the ground forward in his manner he was obliged to put don his top and the other boys whose top had been on the ground joyfully lifted his and joined in the sport. If a top failed to spin when pegged it had to go on the ground and the one on the ground was lifted. Each boy continued "pegging" "lifting" and "hitting" forward the top on the ground until finally some boy's top was driven into the ring. Some boys could "lift" a top while spinning, hit the top on the ground, lift the spinning top again and hit again. This was done 3 or 4 times by a boy who had a good top and was expert at "pegging" "lifting" &c.
If the top on the ground was driven just on to the circumference of the ring but not inside this top was thrown back to where the game was originally begun and the game started all over again.(over

if one failed to say this much he had to place his "duck" on the "granny", and thus the other person got "relief". "We'll knock the horns off Doddy Keeffe," was only a local addition to the rhyme. As this man was a local "character" and boys were afraid to repeat it in his presence. Hence this portion of the rhyme went out of use. If one failed to knock down the "duck" off the "granny" he had to place his duck there and the other person took his place amongst the throwers. When a duck was tossed off the granny the owner was obliged to replace it immediately, for whilst his duck was lying on the ground, the person who had thrown could seize his own duck and return to his place. If he tried to return to the line whilst the other duck was on the granny the owner of this latter duck could "tig" him and thus her got "relief" and the person "tigged" or, as it was called "tug" must put his duck on the granny. Often it was very dangerous for a person to replace his duck on the granny as the other players kept throwing and sometimes the "ducks" came in quick succession. The game continued in this manner often for hours at a time. It was looked upon as a dangerous game was was a bit rough. Hench it was not so frequently played.

Finally when a top was driven inside the ring the punishment was exacted in the form of "hoaks" already described. A hole was made in the nearest "ditch" (N.B. the "ditch" is the bank of earth in which the fence is planted in this locality. The dyke inside is the "slough".). Into this hole the top was fitted, spike downwards, and with the wooden head appearing just above the edge of the hole. Each of the other boys came along with his top gripped firmly by the head in the finger of his hand and with the spike downwards. He struck the top in the hole with his spike as hard as he could so as to make as deep a "hoak" as possible. The owner of the top in the hole stood by watching "his poor top" being scarified by the "hoaks" administered by his comrades. Each of these gave the number of "hoaks" agreed upon at the start, unless, through good nature, or through being softened by the cries or tears in the eyes of the owner of the top, he relinquished his right to do so. If a boy ran home with his top rather than permit it to be "hoaked" her was an outcast and would not be allowed into the game again. Sometimes the "hoaking" process was carried out so well that the top in the hole was split in two. The owner grabbed the spike, went off and got a new top made.

1. "Round the green gravel":-Round the green gravel the grass grows green
And many a lady is fit to be seen, Dressed in a silk, washed in milk Last pops down. 2. Same game:- Ring a ring of roses A pocket full of posies, A, sha, a sha We all pop down. 3. "Tilly":- Tilly, go around the sun, Tilly go around the moon Tilly go around the chimney-pot The sun is as the moon. 3. "Draw, draw a bucket of water":- Draw, draw, a bucket of water, For my lady's daughter One in a rush, two in a bush Pity my lady, come under my bush. 4. "Nuts in May":- I Here we go gathering nuts in may Nuts in May, nuts in May, Here we go gathering nuts in May On a cold and frosty morning. (next page)

This game was played with what was called a "peg" top not a "whip" top. The top consisted of a "head" and "spike". The head was generally made by a local carpenter - Pat Mc Mamus of Bredagh and Francey Mc Manus of Carrigallen had "lathes" and these men generally made the tops (heads). The spike was made by Johnny O Neill, blacksmith. All these men are dead long since. The completed top was just like and inverted cone. Sometimes, when the spike was being driven into the head, the latter split. The work was generally done by the blacksmith who placed the wooden head in the forge "vice" and then drove the spike "home". There were "shoulders" on the spike to prevent its going too far up in the head.
The top was spun by rolling a piece of whipcord around the head from the spike upwards. A small piece of the cord was folded underneath at first to prevent the whole falling off, and also the wood was damped all around in the mouth to give the cord a "grip". A piece of leather was attached to the end of the cord which was held in the hand. This was placed between the second and third finger of the right hand and then the top was spun on the road. Most boys were expert at lifting the top off the road whilst spinning, and allowing it to continue to spin on the "heart" of their hand. ("i gcroidhe a dhear nán") This was

number of successful runs made by each side was counted and thus it was known which side had won. The game continued until all grew tired and then a reckoning up was made.
If a ball was missed by a person in the ring so that the ball entered the ring or passed to the back that side vacated the "town" unless someone of that side succeeded in getting the ball and striking any one of the opposing players (outsiders) before he had got into the town. If a player within failed to run after getting 3 or 5 (as agreed upon at the start) balls he simply went to the end of his row of players and the next one took his place. Sometimes failure to make a run involved evacuation of the town. Disputes often arose as to the penalty for failure to make a run. If one of those in occupation of the town was found outside it without "town dust" he was struck by the ball the the penalty was evacuation by his side. Also when outside the town and having town dust he must stand at one side but not behind the town. If found behind the town he was struck by the ball and evacuation of the town followed. A good well contested game of "towney" provided amusement of a group for a couple of hours and every moment was enjoyed. Hands, eyes, and limbs were trained and a sense of justice and fair play was inculcated. If a ball were considered to be

the ground more easily. The sharp angle was liable to catch the sod and so the blow on the "ball" was not so affective. The "ball" consisted of a simple spool got from the boy's mother or from some local dressmakers. Hardly a single spool went to loss in those days for they were treasured up for "playing commons". Goal "posts" were erected and these were simply short twigs stuck in the ground about 2 yards apart, but very often the boys' coats did service for goal "posts". Two boys next "called a match". This was done in football also but the impression seems now never to be used. Two boys agreed to "call a match". They tossed a coin to see who would have the first "call" and if no coin was to be had, as very often happened, they agreed upon whom would have the first "call". He then called out the name of whatever boy amongst the remainder he considered best at the game. This boy walked up to his side and stood there. The other boy "called" next and the boy "called" went to his side. This continued until the remaining boys found themselves attached to either one side or the other. Generally the 2 boys who "called" the match acted as goalies but sometimes other boys, expert at kicking out "balls", were appointed. No one ever thought of such a person as "referee". He was introduced in later years. The

boys lined up in the centre of the field and one of those who "called" the match threw in the "ball." Everyone ran after the ball and there were no such terms as "full-backs" "forwards" etc. Fast and furious the game went on and many were the sore shins which were to be found when the boys grew tired, for there was no time limit to the game. They played away until all were tired and unable to play any longer. If the ground had any advantage in the way of a slope, the direction of the play changed from time to time. Often there was a "change over" several times in the course of the game. When going home the talk was "We got 10 goals and you got only 7" and so forth. It was only when night came and the body got rested over "home lessons" that one felt how tired he was, and how sore his shins were. A blow on the ankle was very severe and often had serious consequences. Of course there were no boots or shoes to save toes or ankles in those far off days. It is strange that the game never developed into "hurling" with the proper hurley and Sliotar in this district, seeing that youngsters in those days were so fond of "playing commons." The playing of football under G.A.A. Rules is the one followed nowadays. In the days of "playing commons" football was played with a ball made from a hay rope and platted in and out so as to make a a rough "ball." And the "Enjoyment" was delightful.

be boiling but almost so. It is well mixed together until it becomes a sticky mass. No salt is needed, but some add a little sugar to sweeten it. Most people prefer it without sugar as they say the oat meal in itself is already sweet enough. It is then shaped into a cake of about one inch in thickness and shaped like a plate. It is baked on a griddle or grid iron before the [?] turf fire, not on the fire. The grid iron is made of strips of iron got in a forge. Sometimes disused iron tyres of wheels are used for the purpose. The frame is bent into horseshoe shape and a few bars are welded across the opening. A piece of straight iron is hinged on to the back to act as a prop to keep the grid almost upright before the fire. The points of the "shoe" are turned down and the round part is kept upwards, the whole thing is kept in position by the prop at the back. If no prop is on the grid a bit of stick or board serves equally well. A clean piece of tin is placed in front of the grid and between it and the fire. The cake is placed on its edge resting on the bit of tin and with the flat side against the grid. It is then almost upright in position. From time to time the cake is turned round on its edge, for the lower part next the tin is liable to get too much of the fire. Also the cake is turned with the other side near the fire after a time.(next page)

Of all the foods used by the people none were as nourishing or "sustaining" as oaten bread. When people set out on along journey they took cakes of it in their pockets. Even alone it was very nice, but when take with a little milk it was still more delicious. It was a common practice with children in town schools, who bought loaf bread or soda bread to school, to "swop" this for oaten bread with children from the country. Everyone noticed that the longer one chewed it in the mouth the sweeter it became. It is said that mountain climbers always bring it in their pockets or in packs on their backs owing to its very sustaining properties. Long ago practically every child bought oaten bread to school, but when flour became common and the loaf bread (white loaf) was sold in the shops, the practice almost died out. Of late years all over the country the making of this bread has become common again and it can be seen with many children everyday but more especially in the Winter months.
When making oat bread a quantity of oaten meal is placed in a basin and a small quantity of hot water is poured over it. The water should not

formed between both hands. If the material was found to be too dry a little warm milk was added. Sometimes some "chives" (pron. shives) were added to the milk and also some cloves, or a little grated nutmeg.Margin Note
Narrator here confuses making of colcannon with making of boxty. "Chives " & milk are used in colcannon sometimes [?] On the fire was a large iron pot almost full of boiling water. The dumplings were slipped into the water, one by one, care being taken not to scald the hands while doing so. The lid was put on and the pot was left to boil until the dumplings were cooked. A test was made, from time to time, by taking out a dumpling with a toasting fork to see if sufficiently cooked. When cooked the dumplings were removed and heaped upon a large dish. Generally 10 or 12 dumplings were cooked and sometimes as many as 17 or 18. The quality was generally better when a small number was made. When the boxty had cooled somewhat tea was made, the dumplings were sliced up, some butter put upon them and a hearty meal was made. Very often the boxty was not taken till breakfast next morning. In its cold state it was sliced up and the slices were put on the pan where some bacon had been fried. Sometimes butter was put on the pan and the slices heated in the melted butter. When (next page)

in order to have a good yield.
When a baby was being brought to the chapel to be baptised, a lump of "tow" was brought. This was made into 5 or 6 little balls which were used by the priest to clear the Holy Oils from his fingers and from the baby's face, shoulders &c. Oatmeal was used also to help to clear off the Oil when the priest washed his fingers. The balls of "tow" were then burned. Small balls of cotton wool are now used for the same purpose as no one has any "tow" to bring.

Flax IndustryLong ago people made their own linen and used it for sheets, shirts, table cloths and various other uses. For this purpose flax was grown extensively and the "flax holes" in which the flax was placed to ret are still pointed out on many farms. But the industry has completely died out around Carrigallen and no flax is grown nowadays. A field of flan was a beautiful sight, every stalk having its small blue flower somewhat smaller than violets. The "pulling" of the flax when the crop was ripe was a tedious operation. Every stalk had to be pulled separately and they were then bound in sheaves and afterwards made into stooks. Later on the sheaves were placed in a "flax hole" which was a long pit generally about 7 or 8 yards long and 3 yards wide. When the sheaves were placed in the bottom side by side, large stones were placed on top
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There are not many COOPERS left in the country at present. The coming of the Creamery put an end to their trade and many of them turned to the making of log "trees". since coping by the plough was introduced the loy "trees". Since coping by the plough was introduced the loy is fast dying out so the coopers make rakes for hay-making for not many people can afford a raker worked by horse power. Rakes are now sold in shops also. So the cooper is left very little to do. Formerly her made churns, tubs, firkins, cools, and shallow pails for setting the milk to rest in until the cream has risen to the surface. As well as the churn he made the churn-dash, the lid and little bowl through which the dash passed. This was called the "joggler" A well-made churn was beautiful to look at. It was nicly bound with iron hoops and the staves were perfectly fitted together. The cooper had a sort of bent plane by means of which he made the churn perfectly smooth on the inside. Each stave had to be shaped and planed separately and when all were fitted together and bound by iron bands on the outside all rough edges on the inside were removed by the use of the plane. Sometimes the head of the dash was circular in shape and sometimes it was made square. Holes were left for the milk to pass through during the process of churning(next page)

A FIRKIN was a little barrel in which butter was collected after each churning and when full the firkin was sold in the nearest butter-market. The people around Carrigallen generally went to Belturbet with their firkins. Sometimes they walked all the way with two firkins, one in each creel on a donkey's back. When carts and cars became common these were used. The cooper was obliged to have his name stamped on the outside of the firkin and also the number 13. I think the number 13 means that the weight of the empty firkin was 13 lbs. This number 13 was branded on the outside of the firkin by means of a hot iron. This iron was shaped like a half circle, and first the cooper branded the figure 1 on the wood by running the sharp edge of the hot iron along the wood. Then he made a half circle, by resting the hot iron on the wood. He then made a second half circle, just underneath this other one. The figure 3 was thus made. The whole number looked just like 13. The cooper had his name cut out of a rectangular piece of tin. He placed the tin along the outside of the firkin and rubbed a brush containing black polish across the tin. When the tin was removed the cooper's name was plain to be seen. The best known coppers around Carrigallen were Tom Shannon who lived in Cloncorick just below the town and whose father was also a cooper, and Dan Kavanagh who lived in Kivvy where Pat Sweeney now lives.The buyer tested the butter by boring holes in the firkin with an auger. The auger drew out a small portion of the butter which was then tasted. Holes were bored at various places in the firkin to see if the butter was of uniform quality.

The making of leather seems to have been fairly common in olden times are there were tanyards in many places. The largest of these in this neighbourhood was in Cornaughy, near the residence of Owen Donohoe. The river was near at hand and as lime kilns were numerous, it was easy to get supplies of lime. The lime helped to remove the hair from the skins. It is said the leather made was very rough and the boots made from it were very strong. But in those days no one wore boots until he was full-grown and stories are told of how people used to carry their boots tied across their shoulder on the way to fair or market and when going to Mass. This was done because the boots were very heavy and also to make them last longer. When they came near the town or Chapel they put the boots on their feet againnext page.

2. People often notice the rich appearance of the grass and vegetation around Corriga Hall. They explain this by saying that Humes forced the people around to carry manure and even soil to enrich his own land. The people lived in fear and dread of his tyranny and carried out his commands no matter how unreasonable they were.3. The end of Humes was dreadful. People say that the flesh wasted away off his bones owing to some species of insect or worm which could not be eradicated.
4. A certain clergyman named Rev. Humes Fennor is said to have lived in Corriga some time after Laurence Humes. This clergyman was driven out of Drumlane Parish by his own congregation owing to his immoral life. It is told that in Corriga their residence was haunted by evil spirits and they had to call upon the Catholic Curate of the Parish to drive them out.

at Corriga Reilly accepted the invitation. It reminds one of what happened at Mullagh west and other places where Irishmen foolishly accepted similar invitations and were brutally murdered. Reilly set out for Carriga, passing through Carrigallen on his way. Here his friends when they found he was unarmed provided him with a pistol and bag of ammunition. Humes received him in a most friendly manner and invited him to dinner. The trap was well prepared. At Hume's camp a seeming idiot or clown kept moving around and everyone seemed to treat him as a sort of imbecile. He had been well trained for the work he was to do. Whilst Reilly was at table the seeming fool lurched up behind his seat and in the winking of an eye he placed a strong rope across the head of Reilly and around his arms, binding them fast to his body. Poor Reilly could not move a hand to get to the pistol concealed beneath his coat. The pistol was removed and Reilly strongly bound, and and accompanied by Humes and a band of his minions, was brought to Longford where he was executed.
The following verses commemorating Paddy Shan Bawn are still recited around Carrigallen.(song on next page)

I
You brave sons of Ulster I hope you'll attend, And likewise give ear to those verses I pen, Concerning one Reilly, a valiant young man Well known by the name of bold Paddy Shan Bawn.II Near South West fair Castle this young man was bred, His parents they reared him without fear or dread, For good education few could him excel, But his late desolation I'm sorry to tell. III It was on a May morning as I hear people say, To the sweet Co. Leitrim this boy took his way, When meeting with Humes and his bloody band, They opposed valiant Reilly and caused him to stand. IV Like a hero undaunted he did them oppose, He being far from his friends and in midst of his foes. And he being unarmed without sword or shield, Which caused valiant Reilly that day for to yield. V Like Hector undaunted they marched him along, While a large crowd of devils around him did throng. Till the old legislator, he gave the command, That O'Reilly should die by the law of the land.

There is probably no local hero whose memory has been kept so green as the famous Paddy Shan Bawn.
Paddy Reilly was his full name and surname and he was born near Killeshandra, Co Cavan. It seems he joined the forces of Humbert and took part in the battle of Ballinamuck, 5th Sep. 1798. Escaping after the battle he was making his way for Carrigallen and his home at Killeshandra. At Rossan in the supreme southern and of Aughavas Parish and within a few miles of Ballinamuck he was captured by a yeoman named Nicholls. Nicholls undertook to dispose of the captive by shooting him and got another yeoman named Isaac Williams to hold Reilly by the hand whilst he performed the deed. Just as Nicholls was about to shoot, Reilly gave Williams a sweep around with his arm and poor Williams got the bullet intended for Reilly. Before Nicholls could re-load, Reilly had escaped and poor Williams was burned where he fell. A tree marks the spot and some say that the bones of Williams were afterwards found and removed to a graveyard. Reilly was then "on the run" for a very long time. After Ballinamuck the English established yeoman

camps all over the country to capture those "on the run" and to terrorise the people into subjection. The largest of these was established on Corrga Hill. This is a very conspicuous eminence in the land of Aughavas and within 3 or 4 miles of Ballinamuck. A good view of the surrounding country is obtained from it and it dominates large portions of the parishes of Carrigallen, Aughavas, Cloone, Ballinamuck and Dromard. The commander was a Captain Humes and he seems to have been a cruel, blood thirsty scoundrel who knew no such thing as mercy. He was also a treacherous rascal as the following story shows.
He made many attempts to capture Paddy Shan Bawn but did not succeed as Reilly had become a popular hero and the men and women boys and girls of the locality were on his side and ready to do sentry work for him when he tried to get a short sleep to rest his weary limbs. When all Hume's efforts at capture by fair means failed he then had recourse to a foul deed. He had word conveyed to Reilly that he had given up the pursuit and now wished to be on friendly terms with him. Reilly's friends advised him to beware of the treachery of Humes but it seems poor Reilly trusted his word and when Humes sent him an invitation to visit him(next page)

The only Holy Well in the Parish is in the Townland of Aughawillan - sheet XXX.14 of the 25" scale. Tradition says this well was in Bredagh formerly, just across a fence and at present 99% of the people of the locality will say that the well is in BREDAGH. They never say AUGHAWILLAN. These old people say that woman washed clothes in the well and that next morning it had gone across the boundary fence. However this may be it is now in Aughawillan. The story of the washing of the clothes was told to the writer more than 30 years ago by an old man, James Quinn of Bredagh who was then over 70 years. He is dead now.
He also told me that St Patrick came from Tubberpatrick in the Parish of Dromard which is in North Longford and of which Fr Brody is the present Parish Priest. This Tubberpatrick is partly North west of Legga Chapel and not far from Rossan N.S. Between Tubberpatrick, in Dromard and Tubberpatrick in Aughawilllan WAS a holy well, now filled up with stones, just beside Beaghmore N.S. Parish of Carrigallen and on the lands of John Doherty. I taught for 8 years in Beaghmore N.S. but never heard the old people associate this old well with St. Patrick. Yet I am told that on an old map found in the residence of Patrick Brody Tully Carrigallen it is marked as "St Patrick's Well". A very old man, Dan Kiernan,(over)

many of the family served England in many lands. A brother of Archibald was private Secretary to Mr Gladstone for a time and afterwards Governor of New Zealand. He was created a lord for his services and took the title Lord Kilbracken of Killegar. Kilbracken Bridge is the bridge with Leitrim & Cavan on the road from Carrigallen to Killenhandra. The present Lord Kilbracken (nephew of previous man) is Counsel to the House of Lords. He divorced his wife a few years ago and married a nurse. For so doing it is said he does not stand high in some ranks of "Society" in England and during the week of the present King's Coronation it was noticed he was in residence in Killegar. The Rev. James Godley of Druminchin was noted as being very charitable to Protestants and Catholics alike. His son Alfred Godley was Public Orator at Oxford and edited many Latin & Greek Texts. Another son was Major Francis Godley who took part in the defence of Mafeking against the Boers. He led a "sortie" out of this city but was defeated and driven back at Game Tree Fort. The only surviving member of the family of the Rev. James is Miss Maud Godley who lived in Killahurk quite close to Carrigallen Protestant Church where most of her family are buried. Her cousin Miss Anna Godley resides in the Rectory, near the ancestral home in Killegar. Lord Kilbracken visits Killegar 3 or 4 times each year.General Archibald Godley who took part in the Great War and was Commander at Aldershot and Chief of the Imperial staff for a time was a member of the Killegar family also.

many of the family served England in many lands. A brother of Archibald was private Secretary to Mr Gladstone for a time and afterwards Governor of New Zealand. He was created a lord for his services and took the title Lord Kilbracken of Killegar. Kilbracken Bridge is the bridge with Leitrim & Cavan on the road from Carrigallen to Killenhandra. The present Lord Kilbracken (nephew of previous man) is Counsel to the House of Lords. He divorced his wife a few years ago and married a nurse. For so doing it is said he does not stand high in some ranks of "Society" in England and during the week of the present King's Coronation it was noticed he was in residence in Killegar. The Rev. James Godley of Druminchin was noted as being very charitable to Protestants and Catholics alike. His son Alfred Godley was Public Orator at Oxford and edited many Latin & Greek Texts. Another son was Major Francis Godley who took part in the defence of Mafeking against the Boers. He led a "sortie" out of this city but was defeated and driven back at Game Tree Fort. The only surviving member of the family of the Rev. James is Miss Maud Godley who lived in Killahurk quite close to Carrigallen Protestant Church where most of her family are buried. Her cousin Miss Anna Godley resides in the Rectory, near the ancestral home in Killefar. Lord Kilbracken visits Killefar 3 or 4 times each year.General Archibald Godley who took part in the Great War and was Commander at Aldershot and Chief of the Imperial staff for a time was a member of the Killegar family also.

the fight and, standing out in front of the Parson, he exclaimed, "Well you must be either the devil himself or James Aegar." "I am not the devil" replied the Parson, "but I am James Aegar." The tinker was told to go on up to the house and when the Parson returned he had him given a good meal.Notes on Parson Aegar
(1) In the National Museum, Dublin is an old shoe, without a sole but with a wooden last within to keep it in shape. This shoe is beautifully ornamented. The attached card states that it was presented by the Rev. James Aegar, Druminchin Carrigallen and the date is 1854 (or perhaps 1859?) The shoe was found buried in the bog attached to the Rector's land. (2) He was buried with full choral service in Christs Church Cathedral, Dublin. (3) The Parson who succeeded Aegar in Druninchin was the Rev. James Godley, brother of Mr Archibald Godley of Killegar House, Carrigallen, Co Leitrim. Killegar was the ancestral home of the Godleys and evidently they were of the planter stock, for to this day they have kept up the connections with England and

many of the family served England in many lands. A brother of Archibald was private Secretary to Mr Gladstone for a time and afterwards Governor of New Zealand. He was created a lord for his services and took the title Lord Kilbracken of Killefar. Kilbracken Bridge is the bridge with Leitrim & Cavan on the road from Carrigallen to Killenhandra. The present Lord Kilbracken (nephew of previous man) is Counsel to the House of Lords. He divorced his wife a few years ago and married a nurse. For so doing it is said he does not stand high in some ranks of "Society" in England and during the week of the present King's Coronation it was noticed he was in residence in Killefar. The Rev. James Godley of Druminchin was noted as being very charitable to Protestants and Catholics alike. His son Alfred Godley was Public Orator at Oxford and edited many Latin & Greek Texts. Another son was Major Francis Godley who took part in the defence of Mafeking against the Boers. He led a "sortie" out of this city but was defeated and driven back at Game Tree Fort. The only surviving member of the family of the Rev. James is Miss Maud Godley who lived in Killahurk quite close to Carrigallen Protestant Church where most of her family are buried. Her cousin Miss Anna Godley resides in the Rectory, near the ancestral home in Killefar. Lord Kilbracken visits Killefar 3 or 4 times each year.General Archibald Godley who took part in the Great War and was Commander at Aldershot and Chief of the Imperial staff for a time was a member of the Killefar family also.

his fleetness of foot. He was living in Druminchin while Drumella Chapel was being built in 1826. This chapel has been renovated several times but the walls are those erected in 1826. One day when the building was just ready for the roof Mr Aegar chanced to pass that way in his carriage. He dismounted to have a look at the work. He mounted the "scaffolding" and got to the top. He then went out upon one of the big stones at the top of the wall and just at a corner. He was then about 30 or 35 feet above the ground. Placing one heel on the corner stone he spun around three times and defied any of the masons or workmen to do likewise. They did not venture to imitate his action.
The following story is related about Parsons Aegar's great strength. In the Parish of Aughavas or Cloone lived a very strong man called Pat Rourke. Pat was know as "Pat the Bully" or "The Bully Rorke". One day Pat was coming to Corrigallen Market and took a "near cut" through the lands of Parson Aegar. On his way he saw a party of men - 10 or 12 - pulling a cow out of a pit into which she had fallen. All their attempts seemed to end in failure. Pat looked on for a while and then said, "If I had another strong man along with myself we would

soon pull her out." Parson Aegar was standing by and he said "Pat, would you call me a strong man?" "I suppose you are" says Pat "or at least you have that name." All the other men stood aside and the Parson and Pat soon had the cow safe and sound on the bank. The Parson brought Pat to the residence and treated him well along with the other men. He also gave him permission to pass through his lands at any time he wished.
Parson Aegar's skill as a boxer is dealt with in the following story. One day the Parson and a visiting gentleman were walking down the Avenue leading to the Broad Road. On the way they met a tinker with his "bridget" on his back. Attached to the bridget was a placard which stated, "I fear no man." The placard attracted the attention of the Parson and he stopped the tinker. He asked him was he as good a man as was meant by the words of the placard. The tinker said, "I fear no man." The Parson then challenged the tinker to a bout of boxing. The visiting gentleman did his best to prevent the fight, telling the Parson that he was "belittling" himself to fight with a tinker. It was all no use and the fight started. Both were very skilful boxers but in the end the tinker found himself getting the worse of the fight, a thing which had never happened to him before. Suddenly he ceased(next page)

whoever than St. Patrick has been at Tubberpatrick in Bredagh. He mentions the well in the pamphlet "Crom Cruach" which he read before The Royal Society of Antiquaries and which was after published by the Society. People sometime visit the well and drink its waters as a cure for toothache.

The only place mentioned by the old people as being a place where Mass was said in the Penal days is a rock near the present Protestant Church and known locally as Leonard's Rock from people named Leonard who lived in that part of Church St. and kept a small shop there.
James Whitney, Carrigallen aged over 90 years says he often heard that a Father O'Flynn was shot there while celebrating mass. The congregation fled on the approach of the soldiers who then shot the priest. Some say that Carrigallen means Carraig Uí Fhloinn from this Priest's name but the name Carrigallen goes back much farther than the Penal Times. It is more likely to be Carraig Alainn (Allen) same as in Lough Allen, Bay of Allen, [?] of Allen &c.

The pulpit
was erected in April 1938 and was the gift of Messrs Peter Dolan and Con Dolan of Churchill, Carrigallen, The present P.P. Rev. Pat. McCabe made a request that someone should donate a pulpit and the brothers Messrs Dolan kindly did so but anonymously.The Gallery. This was erected in 1929 by Rev. Philip Smith P.P. It was he who put the present roof on the building, erected the present large sacristy, and had the bell erected at S.E. corner of the chapel - on iron pillars. It had been previously in a small belfry over main door. New house for P.P. The present parochial house for P.P. was erected by Rev. Terence Murray who came to Carrigallan from Parish of Kildallon (Ballyconnell). It was he who erected its parish priest's residence in Ballyconnell, a much more substantial and commodious dwelling than the one in Carrigallen. The Carrigallen Parish Priest's house is now in a very bad state of repairs necessitating its erection of a new one. The present P.P. Rev. Pat McCabe is engaged in collecting funds for the purpose and its present intention is to erect the new residence almost on the site of the old one. Mr. Byrne, Suffolk St, Dublin is the architect and Mr. Pat Doherty, at present residing in Killahawk, and a native of the Parish has secured the contract. It will cost about £1,600

The only place mentioned by the old people as being a place where Mass was said in the Penal days is a rock near the present Protestant Church and known locally as Leonard's Rock from people named Leonard who lived in that part of Church St. and kept a small shop there.
James Whitney, Carrigallen aged over 90 years says he often heard that a Father O'Flynn was shot there while celebrating mass. The congregation fled on the approach of the soldiers who then shot the priest. Some say that Carrigallen means Carraig Uí Fhloinn from this Priest's name but the name Corrigallen goes back much farther than the Penal Times. It is more likely to be Carraig Alainn (Allen) same as in Lough Allen, Bay of Allen, [?] of Allen &c.

mother. Margaret and her mother then lived in the Townland of Tully (South) Parish of Carrigallen. They lived in a little hose along the lane leading from Michael Canning's house to the crossroads adjoining townland of Beaghmore. They kept a little country shop. The old house in which Bernard Briody, an old man, lived was almost on the spot where the little Guffney Shop stood. The place is noe in possession of Pat Brody, Tully. This Tully has been confused with Tully near Killeashandra, Co Cavan which is sometimes given as the birthplace of Margaret of New Orleans. Margaret's father was dead at this time and only herself and her mother remained. They sold out the remaining articles in the shop, packed their clothes &c in creels and set out with the creels on an ass's back. It seems they trudged as far as Freemore, Co Louth and there got a boat for Liverpool. All vessels had sails in those days and the passage across was very stormy. The journey from Liverpool to U.S.A. was also very tedious and dangerous and it was 3 months before they reached their journey's end. Worn out by fatigue Margaret's mother died in New York and Margaret later on made

to Drumsilla House then owned by Captain O'Brien who was also a magistrate. O'Brien immediately saddled the best horse he had in his stable and set out for Cloone. When passing Mulryan's forge Mulryan appeared at the door with a red horse shoe in his hand and shouted to O'Brien that his horse had lost a shoe. O'Brien would not wait but pushed on to Cloone which was close by. Mulryan was suspected of the robbery and was arrested and tried at a Courthouse near Carrigallen. This Courthouse was situated at Kivvy Cross just below the village. It was a large room attached to a dwelling house on the land of people named Rorke. This land was sold afterwards and the house was repaired. It is now in possession of a Miss Weir, a Protestant lady. O'Brien had to admit that he saw Mulryan at his forge door when he reached the forge. This fact cleared Mulryan, but everyone knew that he had taken part in the affair and he was so swift a runner that he had reached his forge, reddened a shoe and was standing at the door when O'Brien passed by. Corcoran had only about forty perches to go from the scene of the robbery to O'Brien's house and O'Brien made no delay in setting out. It was said that the other two men hid the money

Cloncorick Lake near Carrigallen is considered very unlucky and many accidents have occured there: A native of Carrigallen, named Paddy Magorahan was drowned there about 50 years ago and this added to the dread which people already had for the lake. A canoe hollowed out of a single trunk of a tree was found embedded in the mud of the lake about 40 years ago. The people thought at first that it was a coffin, and even when the true nature (boat) was explained many still maintained the belief that it was a coffin. The following story was related by John Sheridan of Cloughea (Stormy Hill) Carrigallen about 73 years ago.
A man named Tummons (local pronunciation for Timmins) went to cut bulrushes along the lake. He required those for thatching purposes and to get the rushes he went out in a boat with a large slash hook. When he was some time at the work he was amazed to see a man swimming towards him. On looking more closely he observed that the "man" had a large fish's tail. He became alarmed and prepared to defend himself. When the "man" came within striking distance Tummons drew the slash hook, took good aim and hurled it in

The lass heard of Mary Gaffney, the little teacher was the fact that it was she who sent the passage money to Margaret and her mother. When Rev. Philip Smith now P.P. and V.Q of Killenhandra Co Cavan was Parish Priest of Carrigallen he chanced to get her story from some of the old people around Tully and it was then the actual birthplace of Margaret Of New Orleans came to light.
Most of the particulars here related were obtained from Mrs Nellie Smith (formerly O'Rorke) 84 years Cloveconer, Carrigallen Mrs Smith was born and reared in the Townland of Tully (South) and within 100 perches of the Gaffney household. Mrs Smith's father whose name was John O'Rorke was a schoolmaster in Beaghmore N.S. until succeeded by his son Peter O'Rorke in 1872. A man named Conolly preceded John O'Rorke and the school was established in 1831. Mrs Smith often heard her father telling all about the Gaffneys and their departure for America.

to Drumsilla House then owned by Captain O'Brien who was also a magistrate. O'Brien immediately saddled the best horse he had in his stable and set out for Cloone. When passing Mulryan's forge Mulryan appeared at the door with a red horse shoe in his hand and shouted to O'Brien that his horse had lost a shoe. O'Brien would not wait but pushed on to Cloone which was close by. Mulryan was suspected of the robbery and was arrested and tried at a Courthouse near Corrigallen. This Courthouse was situated at Kivvy Cross just below the village. It was a large room attached to a dwelling house on the land of people named Rorke. This land was sold afterwards and the house was repaired. It is now in possession of a Miss Weir, a Protestant lady. O'Brien had to admit that he saw Mulryan at his forge door when he reached the forge. This fact cleared Mulryan, but everyone knew that he had taken part in the affair and he was so swift a runner that he had reached his forge, reddened a shoe and was standing at the door when O'Brien passed by. Corcoran had only about forty perches to go from the scene of the robbery to O'Brien's house and O'Brien made no delay in setting out. It was said that the other two men hid the money

The lass heard of Mary Gaffney, the little teacher was the fact that it was she who sent the passage money to Margaret and her mother. When Rev. Philip Smith now P.P. and V.Q of Killenhandra Co Cavan was Parish Priest of Corrigallen he chanced to get her story from some of the old people around Tully and it was then the actual birthplace of Margaet Of New Orleans came to light.
Most of the particulars here related were obtained from Mrs Nellie Smith (formerly O'Rorke) 84 years Cloveconer, Corrigallen Mrs Smith was born and reared in the Townland of Tully (South) and within 100 perches of the Gaffney household. Mrs Smith's father whose name was John O'Rorke was a schoolmaster in Beaghmore N.S. until succeeded by his son Peter O'Rorke in 1872. A man named Conolly preceded John O'Rorke and the school was established in 1831. Mrs Smith often heard her father telling all about the Gaffneys and their departure for America.

mother. Margaret and her mother then lived in the Townland of Tully (South) Parish of Corrigallen. They lived in a little hose along the lane leading from Michael Canning's house to the crossroads adjoining townland of Beaghmore. They kept a little country shop. The old house in which Bernard Briody, an old man, lived was almost on the spot where the little Guffney Shop stood. The place is noe in possession of Pat Brody, Tully. This Tully has been confused with Tully near Killeashandra, Co Cavan which is sometimes given as the birthplace of Margaret of New Orleans. Margaret's father was dead at this time and only herself and her mother remained. They sold out the remaining articles in the shop, packed their clothes &c in creels and set out with the creels on an ass's back. It seems they trudged as far as Freemore, Co Louth and there got a boat for Liverpool. All vessels had sails in those days and the passage across was very stormy. The journey from Liverpool to U.S.A. was also very tedious and dangerous and it was 3 months before they reached their journey's end. Worn out by fatigue Margaret's mother died in New York and Margaret later on made

mother. Margaret and her mother then lived in the Townland of Tully (South) Parish of Corryallen. They lived in a little hose along the lane leading from Michael Canning's house to the crossroads adjoining townland of Beaghmore. They kept a little country shop. The old house in which Bernard Briody, an old man, lived was almost on the spot where the little Guffney Shop stood. The place is noe in possession of Pat Brody, Tully. This Tully has been confused with Tully near Killeashandra, Co Cavan which is sometimes given as the birthplace of Margaret of New Orleans. Margaret's father was dead at this time and only herself and her mother remained. They sold out the remaining articles in the shop, packed their clothes &c in creels and set out with the creels on an ass's back. It seems they trudged as far as Freemore, Co Louth and there got a boat for Liverpool. All vessels had sails in those days and the passage across was very stormy. The journey from Liverpool to U.S.A. was also very tedious and dangerous and it was 3 months before they reached their journey's end. Worn out by fatigue Margaret's mother died in New York and Margaret later on made

her way to New Orleans on the Mississippi. Here she worked very hard and saw how difficult it was for the poor of the city to exist. She saved some money and married a man named Heagrey. There was one boy of the marriage. After a time her husband died and Margaret had again to work very hard to support herself and the little boy. Later on the boy died and Margaret was again alone in a great city. She seems to have courage and charity beyond the ordinary for out of her small savings she started a home for the waifs and strays of the city. Her good example touched the hearts of people with more wealth than herself and after a time a larger establishment was procured. She fed and clothed the poor orphans and had then taught dress-making &c. Her fame grew but she still remained most humble and God-fearing in her demeanour. Everywhere she went she was regarded as a saint and when she died there was grief all over the city. Thousands flocked to her funeral and her work in the home was continued by others. A statue to her memory was erected in a public square by the citizens. She is depicted with two little waifs clinging to her gown, one on each side. She has an arm around each. This statue is said to be the only one erected to the memory of a woman on the American Continent(Next page)

the "man's" shoulder. Immediately the "man" disappeared in the lake but something forced Tummons to jump in after him. Down, down he sank till he reached the bottom. Here he saw several "men" with fishes' tails just like the one he had wounded. One of them seized him by the hand and told him to accompany him. Tummons was too much afraid to resist so he went along. After a long journey across the bed of the lake they reached a cave which Tummons believed went underneath the big hill over the lake. This hill is known as Cullen Brownhill. After passing along way up the cave they entered a smaller one and here he saw stretched on a bed of san the "man" with the slashhook in his shoulder. Her told Tummons that he could cure him of his wound by pulling out the hook and rubbing his hand over the wound. He also told him that if he would do this he would be allowed to return to his boat. Tummons gladly removed the hoot, rubbed the wound with his hand and immediately the gap in the shoulder disappeared. The "man" returned thanks and Tummons was led back to the bed of the lake. Next he found himself in his boat, but he immediately rowed [?] and never again went to cut bulrushes or anything else around the lake.

There was once a man named John Gilleece who lived in Main St. Carrigallen. He had a farm of land and six cows. One some mornings two and sometimes three of the cows would be milked almost quite dry. On the next morning the other ows would be dry. He told the neighbours what was happening and they advised him to bring his son with him and sit up some night to watch the cows. The next night he and his son went to the field and concealed themselves behind a hedge (Narrator said "behind a "dtich" which in this district means a fence or hedge) They brought with them then two greyhounds which they(next page)

There was once a woman who lived in a little mud-wall cabin on Kilnama Hill. This hill is in Carnigallen Parish not far from Kilbracken Post Office. She was a widow and had a son aged twelve years living with her. Four gentlemen came from Dublin on a visit to(next page)

Killega House. They brought four big greyhounds with them as they had a great desire for hunting.
One day the men went to hunt and did their best to "rise" a hare for the dogs. They went into the same field in which the widow's hut was. The widow saw them approaching and she told her son to go out and tell them he would "rise" a hare for them. The boy went out and asked the men what they would give him if he would rise a hare for them. They said they would give him five shillings and he agreed. The boy went to the opposite side of the field and "put up" the hare and the hounds slipped after her. She slipped them round a field called the "Daisy Field" twice. She then went in the direction of the little hut and leaped through a window which was on the back of the house. Just as the hare was about to go through the window on of the dogs snapped at her on the leg but he did not catch her. The men and dogs went all round the house and some of the men said the hare must have gone inside. Some of the men went inside and started to search the house for the hare. There was nobody within except an old woman sitting on s stool in the corner. The men asked her had she seen a hare coming into the house but she answered "No". They grew(next page)

Toothache:For this the old people advise making a Station at Tobberpatrick well in the Townland of Aughavilla Carrigallen Parish. Various prayers are prescribed and the affected person is told to tie a rag on the bush adjoining the well.
Sore eyes: A sort of moss which grows on the blackthorn or sloe-bush is boiled along with tobacco and butter (some insist upon unsalted butter) for about 20 minutes and when cool the mixture is applied to the sore. Falling palate: This is cured by taking the affected person by the hair of the head and giving it a short quick pull. The roof of the mouth gradually goes back to the proper position. Swine fever (Locally called "the disorder") The cure is this case consists in burning the alphabet from a child's Infant Bk under the pig's nose. The procedure is as follows: Each letter is cut out separately and each letter is burned separately under the animal's nose, beginning with Z and proceeding backwards to A. Some prayers are said but those having the cure refuse to give the proper prayers. Swelling in cattle: This is said to be the caused by the animal's eating or drinking a small insect locally called a "dherib". The animal continues to swell to an enormous size and finally the body will burst if a cure is not affected. Every person named Cassidy is said to have the cure. All a person of this name has to do is simply rub down the animal with his had from head to tail. Any article of clothing belonging to a person of the name Cassidy will have the same effect. (Local cures continued on folio 21.)

28. As I looked through my Willie Winkers
I say the dead hurrying the live.Raking the fire. 29. I have a little red bull Standing against the wall And he'd eat all the fodder From here to Donegal. A fire 30. Who was the first whistler and what was his tune? The Wind - "Over the hills and far away." 31. Little Jinny Huddle She sits in a puddle With a green gown and white petticoat Clump of rushes 32. Chip, chip, cherry, all the men in Derry Couldn't climb chip, chip, cherry. Smoke in Chimney 33. Six by three is my degree No house is made without me Reverse my name and you will see That 40 perches make me. Door.

17. Four and twenty white cows
Eating in a stall Up comes a red bull And licks them all.Tongue & teeth 18. Headed like a thimble, tailed like a rat, You may guess for ever, but you'll never guess that. A pipe. 19. As I went out on yonder gap I met my Uncle Davy I cut off his head and sucked his blood And left him lying "Aisy" Blackberry 20. What is full and holds more? Pot of potatoes 21. What sleeps with its finger in its eye? Crooks 22. How may feet have forty sheep The shepherd and his dog? Two 23. Spell broken-down ditches in 3 letters Gap. 24. If I were on an ass's back where would I get down? On a goose's back 25. By struggling to live and working for death The fairest King of Terror allows me no ease That death so much annoys. Coffin-maker. 26. Long legs, crooked thighs, little head and no eyes. Tongs 27. What goes round the house and round the house and leaves a loaf in every window? Snow.

1. A leaper of ditches, a clipper of thorns
a bonny brown cow, with two leather hornsA hare 2. Tink, tank, under bank a noggin full of bunnies nest of wrens 3. Riddle my riddle my randy o, my father gave me a seed to sow, the seed was black, the ground was white Riddle me that and I'll give you a pipe Writing a letter 4. A kitchen full, a room full And you couldn't lift a spoon full. Smoke 5. What goes round the house all day and sleeps in the wood at night? Tea cloth 6. What part of a cow goes into a gap first? Her breath 7. Spell black and white in 3 letter. Mag 8 What's black and white and read all over? Newspaper

No matter where you see a chafer you are supposed to kill it because it was the chafer which told the soldiers the way the Holy Family went on the previous day.
When the Holy Family were fleeing from the cruel soldiers of Herod they came to an inn but there was no room for them. They came to another inn where they found shelter in a barn for the night. The woman of the house was afraid the Baby would get cold, so she brought Him into the inn. The inn-keeper's wife's had died the previous day. He laid the Holy Child on the bed beside the dead child while she went to get the dead child's clothes to put on Jesus. His hand touched the dead child's cheek and no sooner had it done so than the dead child came to life again.

Three cows, three horses, three calves, two pigs, a hundred hens, twenty one ducks, twelve turkeys, one dog and five cats comprise our stock. The names of the cows are Roaney, Big Cow and Heifer. When you are driving the cows to and from the fields you call "How, How" to the calves you say Pogue, Pogue, The cows are tied with chains around their necks. The cowhouse is built of stones with a wooden roof. The tyings are made of bought chains. The cowhouse is called a byre. St Brigid's Cross, a bottle of holy water, and a piece of blessed palm are placed in the byre to bring good luck on the stock.
In the stable there is a stone fixed for each horse. There is a manger for his fodder and a box for his oats. The horses' names are Dinah, Bess & Mattie. In the morning the horse gets a gallon of corn, and some hay or straw. The same is given at dinner time. At night he gets a mash which consists of boiled turnips and bran. At bedtime he gets a mash which straw for the night and a fresh bed. "Hus, Hus," is said when calling pigs. "Tuk, Tuck," is the call for hens. Nanny, Nanny brings goats to us. Pough, Pough is used for hens. Eggs for hatching are marked with ink. My grandfather William Boyce had a horse which was the same one which was drawing Lord Leitrim's carriage when the latter was shot. The animal which was very cross was afterwards supposed to have eaten a man.

(1) Once upon a time a man was going to be hanged. As the rope was put on his neck a man rose and shouted "Dont hang that man. That man's father was my father's son. What relation was he to him?
(His Uncle)3. If Teague's father was Donal's grandfather what relations were Teague and Donal? (Father and Son) (3) What is round and is all squares? (A riddle) (4) What can God not do? (Put a better man in His place) (5) If you went into a house and the fire out, no light lit. A box of matches and a candle with you and wanted to light a fire. Which would you light first? (The match) (6) If a candle is lit on Monday morning how long will it burn? (It will burn till the end of the week (wick) (7) What money does a man get who gets the change of a guinea in twenty one pieces without any gold or silver? (Sixteen half-pence, four pence and £1 note) (8) One head, one foot, and four legs

(1) What goes between two woods and comes between two waters?(2) Brown and Black went up the hill. Black came down and Brown stayed still.
(An egg) (3) As I went through a slippy slap I met uncle Davey. I cut his throat and sucked his blood and left him lying lazy (A bottle of whiskey) (4) Long legs came to the door stepless. Keep in your ducks for I am not afraid of your dogs. (A worm) (5) As I went through a jaggy slap I met a cross bull. He kicked and I flung if you had been there to see the fun (A jag in your foot) (6) Little James Yolk without either door or lock. If you dont break his wall you wont get in. (An egg) (7) What sits in the back and has an eye like a hawk. (A soot-drop) (8) Spell green summer and winter with three letters (Ivy)

(10) I have a little red cow. She stands by the wall, She eats all I give her but drinks none at all. (A fire)
(11) What is under the fire and on top of the fire but never touches the fire? (A cake in the oven) (12) A wee white house on the top of the hill. If you go round and round you wont get in. (An egg) (13) Long legs, short thighs, little head and no eyes? (A pair of tongs) (14) What goes round the house and peeps into every little hole? (The wind) (15) What goes round and round the house with the harrows after it? (A hen with her brood) (16) If Todd's father was Donnell's grandfather what would Todd be to Donnell? (His Uncle)

(1) What has two arms and four legs but never moves? (An armchair)
(2) When is a porter like an elephant? (When he carries a trunk) (3) What has lots of rings but no fingers (A doorbell) (4) As round as an apple, as plump as a ball. It can climb over the church, steeples and all. (The Sun) (5) What ship do most try to avoid? (Hardship) (6) Deep down in the earth is the place of my birth, I am as black as the night but your home I make bright. when I burst into flames. Who can tell me my name? (Coal) (7) What is it that is in every house and is not worth three half-pence? (A dish-cloth) (8) What lies under the bed every night and looks for its bones in the morning? (A pair of shoes) (9) What grows in the wood and sounds in the town and earns many a half-crown for its master. (A fiddle)

the tree. He took one off it, and left one on it.8. Why is a dentist a sad man?
(Because he is always looking down in the mouth) 4. King Moracco built a ship an in that ship his daughter sat, an tell me her name for I have told it to you twice. (Ann) 5. If there are one dozen black socks, and one dozen brown socks mixed up in a drawer how may will I take out to have an equal pair. (Three socks) 6. Long, long legs, short, short body, round, round head and feet like a penny (Pair of tongs) 7. Old Mrs Turtcher has but one eye, and a very long tail which she lets fly. Every time she goes into a gap she leaves a piece of her tail in a trap. (Needle and thread) 8. There was a man who went into a shop-keeper and said, If you give me as much money as I have in my pocket, I'll spend a sixpence. The shop-keeper did so. He went into a second shop, and said, If you give me as much money as I have in my pocket I'll spend a sixpence. He went into a thread shop and repeated the same. When he came out he had nothing left. How much had he at first? (Five pence farthing)

1. Black I am and much admired. Men and horses I have tired. Gold and silver I have made, and in the midden I am laid.
(Turf)2. Living in front, dead in the middle and baptised behind. (Horses plough and a man) 3. Black as silk, as white as milk and it hips on the ground like hailstones (A magpie) 4. Whether is it a black hen or a white hen which is the cleverer? (A black hen is the cleverer because she can lay a white egg and the white hen cannot lay a black egg) 5. As round as a ring; as flat as a pan. the whole of a woman and the half of a man? (Penny) 6. It is long and narrow and not very wide. It wears a green silvedge on every side? (The Road) 7. A big busy father, a wee lazy mother, and twelve black children on a white floor (A clock) 8. What does man love more than life, fear more than death, the well contended man desires, the miser spends, the spendthrift owes and all men carry to their graves? (Nothing) 9. Four stiff standers, four down hangers, two hookers, two lookers, a licker and a swither (A Cow) 10. Forty sheep went through a gap forty more followed that. The shepherd and his dog. How many feet were that? (Two)

An old woman named Browne from Knocknasna gave me this "Altar Notice" Sent to the priest in Douagh (Duach) concerning supplies for a wedding that were lost or stolen on the road from Douagh near the bounds (teórain) of the county. I jotted down this some years ago. It was composed for the woman by a poet named Shea and sent to the priest.Fógra
A phluir na sagart A's a athair ro naomhtha Tá nídh le fógairt as staídse dé dhuit le linn Sean mína ag aifrean léighe leat Adhbhar pósadh do chailleas i inaiche le téorain Ag teacht dom abhaile ó Sraíd Dubh áth liom go Cnoonasna aerach gan sonas ná ládh liom le píopaí a's tobach Ag só gluestí móra ann. Comnle as snoisín a's fuisgí go leór ann, le leann ó Ath a t-Sléibhe as poitín ó Cill mórn (Cill Mórna) I Má's méirleach malluighthe a ghuid mo

Some neighbours had come in to a farmer's house one winter night and began telling stories. One of the crowd said that he did not believe in ghost atall - that there was no such things there. "I have been out at all hours of the night, from duck till dawn" says he "and I never saw anything worse than myself. Another man said "I bet you that you will not go to the graveyard alone and bring back a skull with him. A accepted the bet, - the bet being that the loser should buy a gallon of porter for the house. He was not long gone when a few of the prime boys present got sheets from the woman of the house and set out for the graveyard by a path and at such a speed that they arrived there before A. On reaching the graveyard they wrapped the sheets around them and lay down in different parts of the graveyard, and placed a skull within a few yards of each. In the short space of time they had, they made sure that the only skulls to be see were the ones a few yards from each. Shortly "poor man" came along and made through the graveyard. He saw one of the skulls and made for it. Just as he was about to pick it up, he heard a lonesome melancholy voice saying "Leave that there, it belongs to me." Naturally he was more than surprised and frightened, so he left it be. Nevertheless, he went on again and found a second skull and was about to pick it up to take it

How many cuts of a knife does a well pointed scallop want?
Answer: None, because it is already well pointed.Whey does a hen cross the road? Answer: To get to the opposite side. Why does a hen pick the pot? Answer: Because she cannot lick it. What goes round the wood, and never goes into the wood? The bark of a tree. In a field there is a well and in that well there is a cup, and in that cup there is a cup and everyone must taste it. Answer: Death. Head against tóin and tóin against heel. Answer: A woman milking a goat.

There was a fidler in Limerick had a brother in Cork, who was also a fidler, but the fidler in Cork had no brother a fidler in Limerick. How was that?
Answer: It was a lady fidler who lives in Limk.Two dead men fighting, Two blind me looking on, Two cripples running for the police, And two dummies saying "Hurry on." Answer:- A man 88 years old had only 22 birthdays. How was that? Answer: he was born on the 29th of February. Long legged father big bellied mother, three black sons and a rosy daughter. Answer: A pot hanging on a fire. Tell me, ladies, if you can, Who is that highly favoured man, Although he marries many a wife, Still lives single all his life. Answer: A priest. In the corner with a hundred eyes on it? Answer: A pot of soup.

A man was about to be condemned to be hanged. The judge said to him, "If you can give out a riddle which no one hare can answer, I will set you free." The man was allowed out under the air for fifteen minutes to think. He returned and said:As I went out and before I came in
I saw the living living in the dead Five there are and six there will be, Answer by riddle or set me free." Answer: A bird's nest in a dead animal's skull. there were six eggs in it - five birds were out of the shells and the sixth was about to come out. The more you take out of it, the bigger tis getting. A grave. As I went up a steeple, I met three Christian people, They were neither men, women nor children. What were they? Answer: A man, a woman, and a child. It never was and never will be, Look at your hand and you'll plainly see. Answer: Your fingers were never the same size and never will be.

company.
Eily dispite the change in her husband's manner, still trusted him but not without pangs of uncertainty. Weeks went by without any visit from Hardress, and her situation became more alarming. She wrote to him, through Danny Mann, asking him not to leave her to spend the whole winter alone. "If Eily," says the letter, "has done anything to offend you, come and tell her so, but remember she is now away from every friend in the whole world. Even, if you are still in the same mind as when you left me, come at all events, for once, and let me go back to my father. If you wish it, nobody besides us three, shall ever know what you were to your own Eily." There was no answer to the letter, and Eily set out to her uncle, Father Edward, who received her kindly. He, good doggarth, chided her on her conduct for destroying her father's peace of mind and her own honest reputation. Eily answered:- "There is one point on which I fear you have made a wrong conclusion. I have been, I know, sir, very ungrateful to you, and to my father, and very guilty in the sight of heaven, but I am not quite so abandoned a creature as you seem seem to believe me. Disobedience is the very worst offence," she added, "of which I can accuse myself." She then, in answer to his question, declared she had been married before she left her father's home." The good uncle was deeply moved by this intelligence

big-nose. The-old-Sheep. The Sheep-with-the-black-nose. The-small-sheep. The-four-more-sheep. And the-cross-sheep. The-colt. Bob. and the-pony. Three - Cats. Two - dogs. The names - of the dogs are Spot - and Galtee. four pigs. Blue-tipperary got her name because she was bought in Tipperary. The big heifer got her name beacuse she is a big heifer. What you would say driving the Cows you would say how-how. When you would be calling the pigs you would say hurrish-hurrish. When you would be calling hens you would say tiuc-tiuc. When you would calling the ducks you would say feed-feed. When you would calling the geese you would say gee-gee. When you would be calling the horses youe would say preip-preip. When you would be calling the cats you would say sip-sip. when you would be calling the calves you would say siuc-siuc. When you would be

makes her in bushes. The nest is made of hair and feathers. She lays six eggs. The eggs are white. The Linnet makes her nest in ivy. The nest is made of moss and feathers. The Stone-chat makes her nest in a wall. The nest is made of hay. The eggs are white with brown spots. She lays five eggs. The lark makes her nest in the ground. The nest is made of hay and feathers. She lays five eggs. The eggs are brown with white spots. The Pheasant makes her nest in a glen. The nest is made of sticks. She lays four eggs. The eggs are brown. The Gold-finch makes her nest in bushes. The nest is made of hair. She lays five eggs. The eggs are white. The Wagtail makes her nest in a house. The nest is made of hair and feathers. She lays five eggs. The eggs are white with brown spots. The Plover makes her nest in the ground. The nest is made of feathers and hay. The eggs are blue. She lay three eggs. The Water hen makes her nest by a river The nest is made of hay. She lays four eggs the eggs are brown. The Hawk make her nest in trees. The nest is made of sticks. She lays four eggs. The eggs are white with black spots. The Tomtit makes her nest in a wall. The nest is made of moss. She lays four eggs. The eggs are brown. The Patridge makes her nest in the ground. The nest is made hay. She lay seven eggs

The names of the birds in my district, are Pidgeons, Robin's, Grouse, Swallow's, Crow's Black bird's, Thrushe's Jackdaw's, Wrens, Magpie's, Starling, Sparrow, Yellow hammer, Wood cock, Cuckoo, Snipe, Martins, Sea-gull, Corncrake, Curlew, Bull-finch, Linnet, Stone-chat, Lark, Pheasant, Gold-finch, Wagtail, Plover, Water her, Hawk, Tomtit, Patridge, The kind of a nest the Pidgeon makes is made of sticks. The colour of the eggs are white. She makes her nest in a tree. The nest the Robin makes is made of moss and hair. She lays five eggs. The eggs are white with brown spots. They make their nest in a fence. The Grouse makes her nest on the ground the nest is made of sops. The Swallow's make their in a hay barn or in the side of a house. The nest is made of mud and feathers she lays five eggs. the eggs are white with brown spots. The Crows make their nest in trees; the nest is made of sticks and mud. She lays six eggs. they are blue with black spots. the Black bird makes her nest in bushes the nest is made mud the eggs are blue. She lays six eggs. The Thrush makes her nest in trees the nest is made of mud. The eggs are blue. She lays four eggs. The Jackdaw's make their nest in chimmeys. It is made of sticks and mud. She lays four eggs. The eggs are blue with white spots. The Wren makes her nest in the side of a house. She lays ten eggs. The eggs are white

Big Jack's Cross: named after Jack O Donnell Griston. He was a very big man and lived in a farmhouse near the cross; now dead.The Milkwoman's cross: near Glenroe, Co. Limerick so named because a famous milkwoman lived there some years ago.
Mick Hayeses cross: Ballintubber Co Limerick named after a farmer named Mick Hayes while lived in a farmhouse near by; now dead. The Ball Alley: a kind of handball alley constructed against Ballintubber bridge the bridge and road being very high over the stream named the battery. A famous gathering place for the young men of locality for a game of handball on summer evenings. The floor was of earth with no side walls and many a hard game was played there in by-gone years. Lately falling into disuse owing to bad state of floor. The forge cross: Ballintubber, Glenroe, Co. Limerick so called because there was a smithy there some years ago. Now an outhouse for farmer named Reilly living there. St. Brigits Well: Situated in Patrick Hennessy's land Ballintubber Glenroe, Co. Limerick from which the town land gets its name. There are three

or stirabout of Indian Meal. Dinner was of Potatoes and salt and sour milk, and supper of potatoes also. The table used be drawn to centre of floor and the potatoes turned out of the pot on to a bag opened for the purpose for a table cloth. the table was often placed against the wall with the legs outwards.
Potato bread was made occassionally as a change and it was called stampy. Meat was eaten on Sundays bacon principally but a goose or chicken was killed off and on for feast days like Christmas or Easter. Vegetables used were cabbage, turnips, sorrel grass, water cress, nettles. Nettles were boiled usually in Spring on a fair occassion and were good for the blood. Fish was rarely eaten except a few trout taken from the local steam which is small. Eggs were eaten in large quantities on Easter Sunday and members of families often vied with one another in the number eaten. Goose eggs were the supreme test of strength amongst the men. Often over a dozen hen eggs, a few duck eggs, and finish with a goose egg or two was the "record" for the locality.

From Ballintubber to Glavins clover,
Athough you are tired you must be quick, Tom Clancys duffy, Bob Airey's duffy Mick Dwyer and dandy dick. To Kilymiff I will send you and the devil mend you For I got the tip from friend big Seán, Unless he is a liar you will have Jim Maguire, Mick Dwyer and John Marnane. Now Dinny Hogan must stop his mogan The best day his dog ever ran I bet my breeches for her to Fitzes, That you wouldn't take a turn out of May Anne.Now David Barry he came to carry, A big brown hare from Careys height, If you will jail him I would go bail him He should have got it if right was right

Our farm Animals are Cows, Horses, Sheep, Pigs, Dogs, Cats, Calves, Fowl. The names of the Cows are, Noonan, Regan, Duirke, Condon, Fox, Josie, White-back, Short horns, Thief, Jackal, Black berry, Football, Wallace, Tobin, Brian, Reilly, Daisy, White face, Black calf, Old Fox, The Horse, the Mare the Colt. The names of the Cast Larry and Minna. When you would be driving the Cows you would say How, How, How. When you would be calling the Horse you would say Pro, Pro Pro. When you would be calling the sheep you would say Ba, Ba, Ba. When you would be calling the Pigs you would say Hurrish, Hurrish, Hurish. When you would be calling the Dogs you would say Here, Here, Here. When you would be calling the cats you would say She-bha, She-bha, She-bha. When you would be calling the calves you would say Súck, Súck, Súck. When you would be calling the hens you would say, Tuc, Tuc, Tuc. When you would be calling the Geese you would say, Baddy, Baddy, Baddy. When you would be calling the Ducks you would say Feed, Feed, Feed. When you would be calling the Turkey you would say Be, Be, Be. When you would be calling the chickens you would say Chick, Chick, Chick. When you

cows you would say how - how - how. when you would be calling the calves you would say suck - suck - suck. When you would be calling the pigs you would say hurish - hurish - hurish. When you would be calling the dogs you would say here - here - here. Cows are tied by the neck with a chain or with a rope and Cows are tied from leg to horn. That is called a crownask, and cows are are fettered with a chain with two straps in each end of the chain to put around the cows leg in the way it wouldnt cut them. The way the horses are shod in the frost is, there are four frost nails put on each of the horses hind legs. The names of our sheep are the old ewe and the Hogget and the young ewe. When you would be calling the chickens you would say chick, chick, chick. When you would be calling the hen you would say Tuic, Tuic, Tuic. When you be calling ducks you say feed, feed, feed. When you would be calling the goats you say gen, gen, gen. When you would be calling the Turkeys you would say, Be, Be, Be. When you would be calling the geese you would say bodle, bodle, bodle.

45. It wasnt stick not stone nor flesh nor bone
I walked away and left it alone. (Ans.) An Egg.46. Elizabeth, Betty and Bess, Went over the sea to rob a bird's nest. There were four eggs, and they took one each How many were left. (Ans.) Three 47. What has a tongue and never eats. (Ans.) a boot. 48. What is always put on the table, Always cut but never eaten. (Ans) A Deck of cards. 49. As I looked out through my [?] window I saw the live carrying the dead. (Ans.) A funeral. 50. I washed my face in water, That never rained nor ran, I dried my face in a towel, that was never worn nor spun. (Ans) The dew and the sun. 52. Which one of the twelve Apostles wore the biggest hat? (Ans.) the one with the biggest head 53. Why is a black hen smarter than a white hen. (Ans.) A black hen can lay a white egg and white hen cant lay a black one.

36. I have a little Kerry cow,
She milks as much as any cow, She is always in the corner. (Ans) A Kettle.37. I have a little Kerry cow by the side of the wall, She eats all she gets and drinks none at all. (Ans.) A Fire. 38. Whats the last thing you take off going to bed. (Ans.) Your legs off the floor. 39. Thirty white cows standing by a wall Up comes a red one and licks them all? (Ans.) Your tongue. 40. Tis in tis out tis like a trout, It's slippery wet and greasy. (Ans.) Your Tongue. 41. What goes round the house and always stops in the corner? (Ans.) A brush. 42. It went to America and stopped there, Came home because it didn't go there. (Ans) A watch. 43. As round as an apple, As plump as a ball, Can climb the church over steeple and all. (Ans.) The Sun. 44. As I went out a slippery gap, I met a thing rolled up in a sop,

27. As black as ink as white as snow,
And it hops on the ground like hailstones. (Ans) A magpie.28. The bull bulled it the cow calved it, It grew in the wood, and the smith made it (Ans) A Bellows. 29. How many sticks goes to make a crow's nest. (Ans) No are. They are carried. 30. A man goes away between two woods, And comes home between two waters. (Ans) A man bringing two pails of water. 31. What goes round and round the wood, And never gets into the wood? (Ans) the bark of a tree. 32. What is always walking with his head down? (Ans) A nail in your boot. 33. Patch upon patch without any stitches Riddle me that and I will buy you a pair of breeches (Ans) A head of cabbage 34. What is it that dead people don't eat And if we didn't eat it we would die. Ans. Nothing. 35. How many feet have forty sheep, a shepherd and his dog? Ans. Two.

19 As I went out a slippery gap,
I met a little boy with a red cap, He had a stone in his belly and A stick on his back (Ans) A Haw20 Hoddy Doddy round body Three feet and a wooden hat (Ans:) A pot 21 How many thorns in a acre of furze? (Ans) One and the rest 22 Why does a cow look over the ditch? (Ans) She couldn't look under. 23 Big tall man in the middle of a field When you touch his tail it will bleed? (Ans) A Pump. 24 Betty inside the ditch Betty outside the ditch If you touch Betty she'll bite you. (Ans) A nettle 25 A head like a thimble, A tail like a rat, You may guess for ever, But you wouldn't get that. (Ans) A pipe 26 It's no use to cars And no cars can go without it. Ans. Noise

(197) You couldn't trust him as far as you'd throw him.
(198) A liar is never believed even when he speaks the truth. (199) He's as honest as a judge (200) He was stoterred (drunk (201) As drunk as a lord (202) As drunk as a walking stick (203) Blind drunk (204) Blind to the world (205) Full to the neck (206) He has enough in (207) He was well oiled (208) He's an awful leech. (209) He'd never leave that place until Iim's eve (210) He'd drink the River Shannon. (211) He'd stop out until the Lord would call on him. (212) They went in for a "wet" (drink (213) Must be ye'll wet the shamrock (214) He was well on it.

Once upon a time there was a man living in Morenane, Croom, Co. Limk. His name was John Lynch. He was living in a cottage and he was working in Croom. It began to rain one morning when he was going to work. He went into a fort belonging to Robert Comba in Liskennett and he went under the shade of a bush. He was not long there when a tall man came up to him to go in from the rain. The man was surprised and didn't know what to do. The tall man took him into the fort and took him down a hole. When they went down it was a beautiful palace. He did not know anyone there. But one man of them knew him and told him not to take anything from them for it he did they could hold him. He had such a good time he stayed there for a week and thought it only an hour, his wife had given up all hope of him when he arrived home.

They would start out from here the night before. They used to tell the time by the dreighdín.People had great value on a smith. It was said that he was the only man who, while dressed in his working clothes, could talk to the highest in the land. But he must wear the proper apron - a sheepskin one and when talking he must tuck a bottom corner of it under the waist band on the opposite side. That was the rule.
A smith, whose father and grandfather were smiths, was supposed to have some extraordinary power. One thing was that he could cure craos-galar by breathing into the mouth of the person affected

Forts
In our land in Ballylonagh there is a fort. It is called a liss. It is circular in shape and there is a mound of earth around it. There is another fort near it. It has an entrance in the side. My great grandfather found old weapons in it. He said the walls inside are lined with stone shelves. He could not go in for leisure of the bad air. It was built there by the Danes. There is a ivy around it where they used to tie their horses. My father was making a hole for a post on the top of it with an iron bar. The bar ran ran down through the fort a far as his hand. The entrance to the fort is now closed up.

Pronsius and Kay-dahMichael Tiernan of Mahanagh Drumshanbo says
Pronsius lived around here (Drumshanbo) and he was a noted robber. Later he gave up robbery and lived in a little house on the Furnace Hill. One day he went into Padraig More the payments of the Iron Works. Padraig owned the first public house in Drumshanbo. It was a thatched house and stood where Cooney's Hotel is today. Pronsius probably went in for a drink. Padraig was counting the money for the men's pay and he had the gold in a sieve. Once of your time Pronsius it would not be safe to let you see so much money or you'd do your best to have a few hundred of it. I could and yet says Pronsius You could not says Padraig. Pronsius has a "moueen" (maoilín) hand and with that he made a dive at Padraig with it. Padraig fell back to the ground in fear.

(189) He's growing out of his clothes
(190) He has a swelled head (opinion) (191) His hat won't fit him soon (192) He's getting too big for his boots (193) I wouldn't like to be in your shoes (in your place) (194) There's no mistake about him(195) He's swelling your head (joking him He's making game of him He's make a hare of him He's pulling his leg He's make a jack ass of himself He's making a Johney Dáh of himself He's making a cod of him He's make a opi of him He'd believe you if you told him today was Sunday (196) I wouldn't believe daylight from him I wouldn't believe today is Monday from him I wouldn't believe if he went down on his two knees before me You couldn't believe the 2nd word from him

(168) As yellow as a sovereign
(169) As juicy as a lemon (170) As round as a cup (171) He's like a teetotum (lively) (172) He can spin like a top. (173) He's as long as he's broad. (174) There's no show but him (175) There's no shame in him (176) There's no kick in him (177) There's no go in him (178) He's as rich as a dog. (179) As hairy as a stocking (180) As crooked as the heel of a stocking (181) As fast as a deer (182) As quick as the wind (183) As headstrong as a mule (184) As handy as a goat (185) As driving as a horse (186) As driving as an elephant (187) A quick as a sycamore tree (growing quickly like a stalk (188)

would bring in after a wet night
(154) You dirty thing the cat brought in a cold & frosty morning (155) He's as fresh as daisy (156) He's as fresh as a lark (157) That man has no toothache now (meaning he's dead) (158) That beats the band (means it beats all) (159) He ought to be ashamed of his shadow (159a) He's as soft as a loaf (160) He's as fit as a fiddle (161) He's as white as a lily (162) He's as soft as butter (163) He's as yellow as a primrose (165) I'll flatten you as flat as a pancake (fighting) (166) "As dirty as a sweep" (167) Don't be as green as your cabbage looking

(137) He's as thin as a herring (heron??)
(138) He's a bad pill (temper (139) He's a bad egg (temper (140) He's a good old trump (141) He's as good as gold (142) 'Tis worth a day in the bog (valuable) (143) The stones of the road know him (well known there (144) He's as dead as mutton (145) He's as lively as a bee. (146) The devil you know is better Than the devil you don't know (147) He'd stand on the top of his head for you (willingness) (148) He's as honest as a priest (Honesty) (149) You might be very well ashamed of yourself (150) He ought to be proud of himself (151) We get the palm today (Best) (152) He's as holy as a strainer (153) He's like a thing a cat

flies. The lark builds her nest on the ground it is made of withered grass and she lays five eggs. The starling builds her nest in a hole on a tree it is made of straw and hay she lays five eggs and feed her young ones with worms. The bull-finch builds her nest on a whitethorn bush she lays four brown eggs. The gold-finch builds her nest in a palm tree and lays five eggs she feed her young ones with seeds of Dandelion her nest is made of moss and lined with feathers and wool. The sparrow builds her nest in a hole in the wall it is made of moss and cows hair she lays six eggs and feed her young ones with worms. The stone-chat builds her nest in a hole in the wall and lays eight eggs. The magpie builds her nest on a whitethorn bush it is made of small sticks she lays about three eggs she feed her young ones with hens eggs. The crow builds her nest on the top of a tree it is made of sticks and hay she lays four eggs and feed her young with potatoes and eggs. The pigeon builds her nest on a tree it is made of sticks she lays two eggs she feed her young with cabbage. The plover builds her nest on the ground it is made of grass she lays three eggs. The snipe builds her nest in

The birds most common in my distract are the thrush, blackbird, wren, robin, lark, starling, bullfinch, gold-finch, sparrow, stone-chat, Magpie, crow, pigeon, plover, snipe, yellow-hammer, grey-linnet, hawk and tit-lark. The thrush builds her nest in a thick hedge the nest is made of hard earth and is lined with hay and wool. She lays about five eggs and she hatch them for three weeks When the young ones are hatched out they are fed with worms. The blackbird builds her nest in a whitethorn bush her nest is the same as the thrush she lays four blue eggs and the young ones are fed with worms. The wren builds her nest on an old root of a tree it is made of moss and and lined with hair the wren comes out at the side of her nest she lays about fifteen brown and white eggs she hatches on them for a month and she feed the young ones with small worms. The robin builds her nest on the side of dyke the outside is made of moss and it is lined with cows hair she lays five eggs and hatch on them for three weeks she feed her young ones with worms and

Hogan - The bard of ThomandOne night left 2 ½d on the dresser so as to have it for a pint of porter in the morning. His mother took it and Hogan said:-
I wished to God I was anointed For in this world I am disappointed I must leave this land and go to another For here a man can't trust his mother On another occasion when Hogan was returning from work in Limerick he heard 5 men playing cards in a house in a rowdy fashion. He said :- At 12 o'clock the town was silent Until a row rose in the island A table and a pack of cards Stood in the mist of five blackguards

It almost blunted his desire to part them Christmas night.4
He was servant to the servants and everybody's thrall. But to his master's kiddies he was king and lord of all. They thought his power unlimited unmatched they deemed his might. And in their presence none dared say he'd leave them Christmas night 5 Among the busy harvesters he always did his best. Though he ne'er mingled with them when they sat down to rest. Then he was sent to see the cows and told to count them right. And when his heart rebelled at this he thought of Christmas night 6 In September and October he longed for Hallow E'en. For of his time but seven weeks remained to be served then. Just seven weeks of scanty days and then of huge delight. Freedom and home and loving ones and good old Christmas night. 7 November came and brought the

The following poem was written by Dan Ronan of Monegay when he was young and about to go in service to a local farmer. Dan Ronan is living still.His father and his master on his wages did agree
From the first of March till Christmas his contract was to be. And though he was but thirteen years with spirit brave and bright. He started out on his career of toil, till Christmas night. 2 Glad was his untutored heart that he was done of school. That he no more need worry at his teacher's frown or rule. What knowledge need I more he thought when I can read and write. But that of horses, men, and cows and work till Christmas night. 3 The names of all his master's cows he knew within a week. He rode each horse to water, and he brushed them clean and sleek. When the dogs came to follow him so keen was his delight.

A cure for bloody milk in cows after calving is to throw the bloody milk through a white-thorn hedge into a neighbours field. A cure for gripe in calves is to make snaidhm-na-péiste over the calves backs. A cure for warts is to bathe them in a mountain stone which water would lodge in, you should find this stone without searching for it. A cure for lies is to blister tongue with iodine. A cure for a sting of a bee is to rub blue to stung part. A cure for sting of nettle is to rub a dock leaf to sting part and say "Dock leaf, Dock leaf cure my burn. A cure for a strain is to pump water on strain. A cure for pain in the chest is to apply tallow and brown paper to chest. A cure for cold in breast is to apply vinegar and brown paper. A cure for burning in throat is to gargle lukewarm water and salt in the mouth. A cure for chilblains is to rub paraffin oil and soap to chilblains. A cure for itch in legs is to rub water and salt to legs. A cure for

There were men hunting in Lios an uisge Clouneagh. They met a little boy and asked him if there were hares in the district. They told him that they would give him half a crown if he told them where there was a hare. The boy asked his mother if there were hares in the district. His mother told him to tell them that there was a hare in the next field but if they had a black hound not to tell them about the hare. The boy was so excited about the half crown that he did not look at the hounds but there was a black one amongst them. They went to the field and found the hare. The hare went to an old ruin which was in the neighbourhood. A the hare was going in the window of the ruin the black hound caught him but did not hold him. When the hunters came they found an old witch and she was bleeding.There was a woman who lived in a house and every night she was changed into a hare by rubbing a bone to herself. The servant boy of the house watched one night where she

grown-ups engaged in was making vessels of leather & horn combined. I saw a hunting flash of leather & horn, used for taking about 1 pint of poteen to the Hunt This also was found in a rubbish heap.
A line for hanging clothes on was made out of empty cotton spools. These were strung together on a piece of cord & they made a very substantial clothes line. Sixty or Seventy years ago, the children often amused themselves making cars, lorries, doll cars etc from card-board boxes & corks for wheels. The corks were holed through & a bit of stick driven through them to make an axle & a piece of cord attached to side of box made loops for axle. Often the wheels were made of cover of tin boxes, & often out of a bit of timber.[Drawing] - Cart - cork for wheel Often a saddle was made out of a canvas bag & two stray bits of rope. The bag was folded in four & the rope made into the form of stirrups & attached to it [Drawing] - Saddle - Saddle - Stirrups

Another toy made long ago but not so much in use now since Clay pipes became common was a pipe for blowing & making soap bubbles. A piece of timber was got & holed with a piece of iron reddened in the fire, one hole on top & the other at the side near the bottom.[Drawing] - Soap Bubble pipe
Into G. was put a piece of snowdrop middle of which was scooped out, & a tiny hole was made through [Drawing] This hole allowed wind to go through. A sauce was next got, and a drop of water put into it & a piece of soap stirred in it to make a small lather. When the pipe was made the head was dipped into this lather & upon blowing through the stem, a soap bubble formed. This was cast off by head of the pipe by shaking the pipe & then you could follow it around & blow it from place to place. If you blew too strongly you'd burst it. Boys make snares by getting wire & a piece of stick. They make a loop in the wire & at the other end they attach the stick, which is to keep snare in the ground. This is set at mouth of rabbit burrow & when the rabbit comes out he steps into it & is held fast. Often he pulls & pulls & pulls up snare & gets away with it on his head but he is sure to caught very soon after for the snare will be a trap for him [Drawing] - Snare

It was long ago & is at present a favourite pasttime for girls to make bracelets & necklaces & wreaths out of daisies, buttercups roses & the fruit of the "dog-rose" called "dog haws". These make a very nice necklace & the daisies when strung together make a lovely daisy chain or bouquet or wreath & the dog haws of a lovely scarlet shade.[Drawing] - daisy chain
[Drawing] - bouquet [Drawing] - wreath [Drawing] - dog haws In the olden days no one bought a doll but dolls were made out of rags & woollen thread. Rags were made into a ball to make a head & the body was also made of rags. Then the darning needle was got & thread of a bright shade to make the eyes nose & mouth. A piece of an old stocking was unravelled to make hair for the doll. Gollywogs were also made from ravelled thread. These consisted of bits of different colours threads arranged together & formed two "8". At "a" the thread was tied & also at "9" & the lower edge was cut with a scissors so that the gollywog produced was like this [Drawing] - Gollywog

It was long ago & is at present a favourite pasttime for girls to make bracelets & necklaces & wreaths out of daisies, buttercups roses & the fruit of the "dog-rose" called "dog haws". These make a very nice necklace & the daisies when strung together make a lovely daisy chain or bouquet or wreath & the dog haws of a lovely scarlet shade.[Drawing] - daisy chain
[Drawing] - bouquet [Drawing] - wreath [Drawing] - dog haws necklace In the olden days no one bought a doll but dolls were made out of rags & woollen thread. Rags were made into a ball to make a head & the body was also made of rags. Then the darning needle was got & thread of a bright shade to make the eyes nose & mouth. A piece of an old stocking was unravelled to make hair for the doll. Gollywogs were also made from ravelled thread. These consisted of bits of different colours threads arranged together & formed two "8". At "a" the thread was tied & also at "9" & the lower edge was cut with a scissors so that the gollywog produced was like this [Drawing] - Gollywog

all the "queens" except one & then play - a spade must go on a spade a head on a head & so on till all the cards are played & whoever had the "queen card" in the end will be the old maid.
Another game is "Beggar my neighbour". The "pack" is given out among the players one at the time & without looking at the cards, all play. If I play a knave, my neighbour must give me one card - if a queen - two cards, a king three cards & an ace four cards till all are out. Whoever has the greater number at the end is the winner & whoever is out first is the "beggar". This is geneally played between "two".

one who is to hide is:-Aban A baban a baby's knees
Wholesome holesome sacred-te Potato grows single toes Out goes she - out goes another one Out goes "she" & she is to be the one to hide. Another Game is "Colours" Two girls stand at the wall & take the names one "Hell" & the other "Heaven". the others take a colour each some brown & some blue - some green - yellow & so on. The "browns" go with the girl representing "Hell" & the "Blues" with her, who represents "Heaven" & the other colours are those for Purgatory. When their places are called out, "what colour" are you they take their places - some in Hell & some in Heaven & the people in Hell try to draw those in Heaven into their den - "Tug of War." & if they succeed the Purgatory people follow them. In Playing Cards they play a Game called "Old Maid". They throw out

There were many games played long ago which do not find any place now. One was "Duck and granny". It was something like "skittles" but a large stone was used instead of the skittles and a smaller one put on top and a stone was used to hit off the small stone from a marked distance [Drawing]
If the duck went outside the circle you got no credit for it. Jenny Jo was another "I came to see J. J. where is she now. This is played now in Irish. Another "Draw Buckets water for the young lady's daughter One in a bush, two in a thrush My young lady Come under the bush. While there was being sung all joined up & kept time to the music & when finished one who was in the middle joined in & then all jumped round singing "Sugar loaf. sugar lump " " " "

In the olden days, in this place, boots were not worn till the day of marriage & then if was home-made pairs made of rabbit & hares skins. Winter & Summer men & women trudged along without boot nor did they feel the need of them.
In later days, "clogs" were introduced & these were filled with hay or rags to keep the feet warm & in Summer they were discarded altogether. Tho old people say that they remember men & women who lived to ripe old age & never wore a boot, winter or Summer. Many children, though want, go barefoot in Winter time but now for the entire year. Some old "Casl" or other is worn. In Summer all children go without either boots or stockings from May to October. Even children of a year or so go without boots. Some wear sandals & some sand shoes to save the feet from glass & thorns. When a person washes his or her feet, it is a pious belief that the water should not be let inside overnight as it may insult the good people, who would wish to

There are some days considered unlucky. e.g. no one would dream of starting any business or work of any kind & no servant would go to his or her place on Monday, and Friday if the day to start if you mean to make a success of any undertaking.
"Saturday's start never ends" so says the old saying so if you begin any work on Sat. something will happen to prevent the completion of the work. It will never be finished. May is supposed to be an unlucky time to get married, & so are the days Thursday & Friday.N.B. There's an old saying here about colours & marriage - Married in black wished you were back. " " green ashamed to be seen. " " red wished you were dead. " " brown live out of town. " " blue sure to be true.

A man, in Ballingarry (R.I.P), dead 6 yrs, but was over 90 when he died - (Pat Sampson – a real tough skin who suffered imprisonment & was out at all hours of the night and was never frightened) was one night returning home between 11 p.m & 12 p.m when about a quarter of a mile from own house he was joined by a tall woman dressed in black. She walked beside him. He saluted her but got no answer. He said wasn’t it late for a woman to be out alone and got no answer.
She walked on, but tho' he saw her, he heard no footsteps, till he came to his own gate. He opened it & went in & let it open thinking that she would follow. When he got in, he told his son to go out & bring in “that poor old [?]” outside of the gate, if she only sat in the chair till morning. He went out but no trace or tidings of anyone could he see but the gate was closed & bolted. II Another poor fellow, who was in service in the next farmhouse to Sampson was joined by a woman answering the same description another night, at the same hour and at the same place. He made for Sampson's & when they opened the door he fell in a faint at the doorstep.

Another story is told of a woman who lived on the mountain side here & very seldom went to any of the neighbouring towns. When she died it was to Mitchelstown & she never wore a boot except on these occasions & then they were not put on till "facing the town", there is a little steam & there she always washed her feet & dried then in her apron.
One day, as she had finished her prepartions at the stream, a soldier came along & washed his hands & face in the water & asked her to lend him her apron to dry himself. she did so & remained looking on, and when he started to go she went too. Up the middle of the town she followed him & had eyes for no else. A friend of hers & of her husbands saw her & rushed after her & asked her what where was she going. She said she'd follow the soldier wherever he went. He asked her where did she meet him & did her husband Know it & so on. She told the story of the apron but still kept waling on. Upon hearing it, her friend told her to throw off the apron at once & she did & the charm left & she followed him no more. The old people here would not allow a strange to wipe his hands in the same cloth as themselves.

For Sprains or twists -keep injured joint in water as hot as "you can bear it" & have kettle boiling to keep up that temperature.
Burn of nettle cured by immediately applying juice leaf of dock leaf. For Pain in the ear, blow your breath into it. "Hives" or nettle rash is cured by bathing the body, in water, to which bread-soda has been added, or bran water may be added. This bran water is bot by pouring boiling water over bran between two cloths & squeezing the water on to the bath. Bread soda applied dry to the little itch eases it or another application to ease the discomfort of itching is ordinary ground starch applied dry. For Backache, they say that the seventh son of a family has a cure - to allow him walk on the back of the sufferer - a cure also for the lumbago. For tonsilitis, the ear of a black cat tied loosely round the neck gives immediate relief. For pain the back, in Ballingarry near Maguires on side of the road is a [?] & people say to go in & out under this three times is a cure for backache. [Drawing]

the wart every morning & as the snail will be withering so will the wart.
In a little field near by, grows a variegated thistle called locally the Blessed Virgin's Thistle" & when a piece of it is broken off, a milky fluid comes forth & they say that it too is a cure for warts.For colds, hot milk with butter melted in it to be drunk going to bed. Black Currant Tea - two spoons of black currant jam, in a cup of boiling water, is also used & is said to be very good to stop a threatening cold. Another cure for a cold in the head is to bathe the feet in very hot water & mustard. For Eczema in babies - Bath the Child in lukewarm water adding a teaspoon of bread-soda to every pint of water. Or soak 1 lb. bran in boiling water & strain the fluid into the bath water. Give child plenty butter & cream. For sleeplessness, boil an onion in milk & use it last thing going to bed.

On Easter Sunday morning a Cross made from a piece of "elder" tree was made and blackened in the fire and each member of the family had the sign of the Cross made on his shoulder by the head of the household. This cross was put up in the rafter till replaced the following year. It was considered very unlucky to burn the elder tree at all, as it was said O. Lord's Cross was made of one.
On St. Brigid's Eve, Crosses of rushes wee made and placed in the thatch and this was to keep the house free from being burnt or destroyed. On that night also - a piece of ribbon was measured and put out on the hedge and when morning came, upon measuring it was found to be longer it was put carefully away as a cure for a headache. It is locally called bath Bríd" Brar Bríghde. Some people still adhere to this custom and use the briar when a violent headache comes. Christmas Day sees every house quite green inside with holly, ivy and laurel, variegated and green. Christmas is

In this neighbourhood is a weed, which goes by the name of "cumphry" & that is boiled in water & the feet steeped in it
[?] sore feet called locally.There's a disease - swelling & tiredness of the wrist called "Traúlach" & for this a piece of elastic is sewn very tylitly round the swollen part. For Sore Eyes bathe them in tea water, made by putting extra water on what is left after the tea & straining the liquid. A cure for a "stye" in the eye is to look through a gold wedding ring. for a head-ache - bind the forward with the "bath Bríd" Brar Bríghde, ribbon put out on St. Brigid's night. For Warts, put your "fasting spit" (spittle on them every morning for nine mornings in the name of the F. Son & Holy ghost Another, go out of a frosty morning & the first black snail you'll see, rum him to the wart & stick him on a whitethorn thorn bush & rub him to

lime water, or of unsalted butter & lime water & applied to the wound.For Mumps, sore throat, tonsilitis, or any lump or swelling.
a stocking of hot bran. the bran is heated on the red hot cover of a pot & put into a stocking & applied to the throat or swelling. Another application is a slice of fat yellow bacon, roasted & applied between line clothes. For Thrush or lumps in the Throat, goose grease which is disgusting & badly smelling is stuffed down the neck. This causes immediate vomiting, which breaks the lumps & causes all matter to be got rid of. For tooth ache It there's a hole, put a piece of candle grease in to stop the wind from getting into it. Or if a sever pain, stuff the tooth with, as the old people say, "a caínín" of tobacco or put into the hole a small lump of salt petre, or rub tobacco to the gums. For tender feel, bath them in salt & water or washing soda & water & go without stockings during the Summer.

For stopping bleedingThe old people applied a cobweb or a piece of dried moss or the dust of the "moon copple" (This is a kind of ball filled with dust which is found out in the fields & which emits a shower of dust when you take it in your hand. It is said that if that dust got into your eyes, it would cause complete blindness)
For cuts wounds or bruises Salt was applied at first & Some pour paraffin oil on the wound. Then for drawing sores - boils ulcers or an matter from a "festering wound." a plaster was made of soap & sugar. They were both put on a ware vessel - a saucer or plate or cup & put on the fire till both had melted. This was put on pieces of linen & used as a plaster for above causes. For Burns there are various cures. some people apply flour, some paraffin oil, some sweet oil - some olive oil & many hold the burnt limb to the fire & bear the pain. They say this latter method prevents the burn from forming blisters. then a plaster is made of sweet oil and lime water on linen cloths or of unsalted lard &

33. What has an eye but cannot see?
Needle.34. What goes round the wood & round the wood, yet never touches the wood? Bark of a tree. 35. Patch upon patch without any stitches. Head of Cabbage. 36. I looked out the window & saw the dead carrying the live? Train carrying passengers. 37. Two grand ladies dressed in white Got the fever & died last night. Two lighted candles. 38. What goes up when rain comes down? Umbrellas. 39. There's a roomful, yet you can't take a spoonful? Room full of smoke. 40. As I was going up the hill, I met people - there were neither men women nor children yet I met people. A man woman & child. 41. Four legs up; four legs down - soft in the middle & hard all around? Bed. 42. What do people so often repeat & yet nobody has ever done it? Stop a moment.

21. What, standing on one leg, wear a hat?
A mushroom.22. What's the smallest bridge in the world? The bridge of your nose. 23. It is the beginning of eternity, the end of every time & place, it is the first of every end & the end of every race. Letter E. 24. What is full up yet holds more? A pot of potatoes. 25. What is a white hen cleverer than a black one? A white hen lays a white egg and black hen cannot lay a black one. 26. What key does a man like best? Whis-Key. 27. What has a head but no face? Match. 28. What has a face & no head? Watch. 29. What's always behind time? Back of a clock. 30. Where was Moses when the lights went out? In the dark. 31. Iddy, oddy round body, three feet & wooden hat. Pot with wooden cover. 32. Long legged father, short legged mother, ten little children, all the same colour? Clock.

1. Diff. bet: a Bill & a pill.
One goes up the other goes down.2. Why does De Valea use a green white and gold suspenders? To keep his pants up 3. It occurs twice in a moment once a month and never in a year Letter "M" 4. What has a dog that not other animals has. Pups. 5. You tell this little man when two go out, two more go in? Knitting Needles 6. What smells most in a Chemist's shop? Your nose. 7. How many yards of buttermilk would make a breeches for a bull? No amount of them. 8. Last thing you take off before going to bed? Your feet off the floor. 9. What most frequently becomes men? Boys. 10. Man that made it, never wore it & Man that wore it never saw it? Coffin. 11. Why can a man with one eye see more than a man with two?

Yes - there was a pedlar who used to come around. They called him "Little Jo." He always carried a little box wrapped in a black rap. In this was "blacking" used before instead of polish to blacken boots & shoes. I never heard that he had any occupation but he always carried the black parcel.
Another old dealer in feathers & rags used to come around. They called him "Paddy the Donkey." He had an old donkey with hair reaching the ground. A broken old car & harness - in fact was was rags that did the work of harness, and he was very ancient himself. Feathers rags, bits of bread meal & other alms were all thrown together into the car. Paddy walked beside the ass & was always heard approaching with his "Hup Paddy" to the donkey. He bartered odd cups & saucers & plates for rags & feathers. Any of these do not come now or any of their kind. Of course there are the "hawkers" who sell wares & clothes & such things & these are what we call "the black men" - Indians who sell ready made clothes frocks blouses, jerseys, mens' ties stockings handkerchiefs of foreign manufacture at exceeding [?] prices.

for certain amount of work. In the shops then milk & eggs were taken in exchange for groceries & the like. Farmers supplied potatoes, cabbages, oats & straw in exchange for meal & flour & other household needs. Borrowed money was often paid back by "wages".
In the bartering of foods - if any money had to be given & an article they'd say, "I must get "boot". This expression is still used. Getting goods on credit was called "getting tick" & this still holds. It was a great "swop" is another term used now to express the bartering of one article for another. Often the grazing of land was given in exchange for work done or as part payment of wages. The "grass of a heifer" is often given as interest on money lent. When fixing wages often a "piece of a garden". or the grass of a cow or a goat" is included in the bargain. If people disagree over price of an animal or price of a garden or of any article some one comes along to "make the bargain" & suggests to "split the difference" i.e. If there's a pound in diff. they'd settle for 10/-

In olden days, shops were not as they are now. The goods were on sale but unless you knew it, there was no appearance of a shop - no sign no big windows nor other indication. But for the buying [?] meal & flour & meat & tea & sugar & such things, the local people had to go to Bllylander or Kilfinane. Buying & selling of such things as cows & calves & pigs, cabbage plants - seed potatoes, [?] [?] - Whitethorn plant black thorn sticks harness & such things was carried on after Mass & generally an appleman waited the Congregation at the Church gate, selling apples & sugar stick of house manufacture This custom is now going out tho' now again in the Autumn an apple car comes during Mass on Sunday and has his car made into a counter showing off his apples.
Money was always given for goods except when there was what was called a "swop" one animal exchanged for another or hay may be given in exchange for turnips or a piece of a garden instead of wages. Often a poor person got a cow in return

There is a custom (belief) rife in this part that you shouldn't wear a new garment or boots (i.e. for the first time) when going to a funeral. Another belief is you shouldn't on any account visit a sick person when going to, attending, or returning from a funeral.
I have seen a person when visiting a house, refuse to leave except by the door she entered - deeming it would be unlucky to do so. Another custom if you enter a house where churning is being carried out you are supposed to take a turn "greas" at the work. In doing so you repeat "God bless the work", or God bless all here", or "God increase your store" Tis not right to lie on the grass May Day because the fairies would carry you is an old yarn to deter children from lying on the grass "not yet dry enough." If you sleep out a weasel would suck your blood another old saying to frighten children from sleeping in the open. You shouldn't eat blackberries after Michaelmas as the Pookas have soiled them. Another way of preventing children using these decrying over-ripe berries. Garments belonging to the dead are worn three Sundays at Mass by the new owner before he uses them constantly. When receiving those clothes from the people, whose friend to whom they belonged is dead, a certain custom is adopted. The head of the house (man or woman) takes the clothes, places them in a heap on the floor and allows the other person (new owner) take them then. They are not handed over at all, and they are liberally sprinkled with holy water.

over the fence and being free won the race. The other evidently disappointed, gave up, went no further, and returned. Later at breakfast the workman related the story to his employer and advised the woman of the house against using the water of that well on churning day that year.** The woman had no claim and never had occasion to come to the well in question.
Another story relates how a spring well was tampered with, and the owner suffered a great loss as they were unable to make any butter that year. The cream used to break but they could never gather the butter. Other stories reveal other methods of obtaining your neighbours' substance by similar practices which, silly as they appear are of course very superstitious. A certain widow was holding a wedding breakfast party on the occasion of her daughter's marriage. Every bit of cutlery, and practically all the ware for the occasion were borrowed. In broad day-light she sent a neighbour's child (not one of her own) to another neighbour's house for the loan of a candle at the same time warning the messenger to give it in the open window - not to bring it in the door by any means. Other practices such as putting a pinch of salt on milk which you give away belong to the same class, and give rise to great suspicion that evil is dreaded and must be warded off.

few and far between. One, two, or there were the most now and they were obliged to buy eggs from a patient who returned from hospital the day after the nocturnal visit of the hen.There were certain days such as May Eve and November Eve which were specially considered as the most suitable for these practices. Consequently is it very common to find people shaking holy water on themselves, their homes, their cattle and crops.
There is a local story about a May morning event. It happened probably about fifty years ago. A certain farmer was burning lime and had a neighbouring labourer employed to attend to the kiln. This workman understood his work very well, being an old experienced hand, and deemed his kiln required a lay (the amount of broken lime-stone and turf to be put into the bowl or opening of the kiln at each filling) on the next morning, early. Accordingly he was out earlier than usual and did not think the day or date be bad, until a certain thing came under his notice. He was surprised to see two women (farmers' wives) approach a spring well from opposite directions. When the spied each other off they started (helter-skelter to use the old expression) as fast as they could for the well. Such a race as they had, and were just head to head at the stile about ten yards from the well, and one flung her bucket in advance

another guesses Mickie, yet another tries Patsy and still another spurts out yourself".
The sharer then punishes those who guessed wrong, to the amusement of all. The receiver of the ring now comes to share it. The previous sharer takes her place in the class. The same method is followed. The questioning and slapping takes place. She gives one an unduly hard one to the great joy of the others. That one frowns, and perhaps gest angry and may attempt to leave the fun. However she is pervailed on to stick it out. The ring is shared once more and the sore one gets it. How she'll replay May Joe. She shares it and no fear Mary Joe with get it. The recipient gives the show away, Mary Joe guesses right and another break-up is avoided. Thus the game goes on and affords quite simple and harmless amusement.Jack is alive & alive still, If he dies in my hand a forfeit Ill give. [Drawing] Another merry pastime is the one bearing this title. The only apparatus necessary is a splinter of wood. The children sit in a class as before and one acts as master of ceremonies. He lights the end of the splinter and when there is a bit of the end burning, he takes it out blows out the flame, and twists it in the air repeating the words above. The glow makes a crescent shape easily seen by all. Immediately he has finished the words he passes the splinter to the next player who does the same. As the glow is dying out there is great excitement

The player who is penalised must place his Duck on the Granny and take up the watch. His duty now is stand convenient to the Granny lest his Duck be thrown off by the Ducks of the others when aimed at it. If it so happens he must at once replace it and then try and tip another player who has aimed and now must return to touch line between the boundary bringing his Duck with him. One behind Touch he is safe. Should a player merely touch his Duck (burn it as it is styled) he can be tipped which is simply touching him on his garment with the hand. The game may continue for a long time and the players derive much amusement from it. One a player is tipped to touched within the playing are while in possession of the Duck he must pay penalty, and thus the game goes on."Share the Ring"
This was a most amusing game for children for the long winter's night. They generally sit in a semi-circle or class. One gets a ring (button, small bit or cardboard would do equally well & also a light-cane). He or she places it between her tow open palms pressed close together. Each player holds her hands likewise and just opens them to receive the ring from the sharer, taking care nobody sees whether she gets it or not. Nobody gives the secret away. One may get the ring or the sharer may hold it still in her possession for another round. As soon as she has shared to each player she commences questioning commencing with the first one. Who has the ring? she asks, one says Mary Joe, another Katie

Ducks'-Down or GrannyThis was a favourite game by school boys & girls and often times by grown-ups in this part of the country about forty-years ago. Children now-a-days seem to know nothing about it. I have played it with the children and they agree with me that it is a lovely game.
It costs nothing and no apparatus is necessary for the pastime save a small stone by each player and a larger one for the "Granny" It is an open-air game and develops the limbs, ears and eyes, as well as giving universal sport. Any number can play the game but about half a dozen afford the best amusement. It is thus played. I The playing pitch either on the road or field is defined and any players who outsteps the boundary is penalised. A fairly large stone a few lbs weight is placed in the centre and styled the "Granny". [Drawing] - Boundary - Touch Line - Boundary - Granny II. The players take their places at the touch-line and each pitches his little stone or "Duck" at it is called towards the Granny. III. The pitch farthest away from the Granny is penalised. IV. He must place his Duck on the Granny and the others in turn from Touch line aim with their Ducks to displace the Duck on the Granny (each player taking care he repeats "Ducks' Down" when throwing his Duck). Failure of a player to do so calls for penalty. The penalty is all cases is the same name

Burdock roots boiled and the juice to which a little whiskey is added is a cure for boils and blisters.Camphrey leaves applied to fractures or diseased bones has the effect of helping to unite the parts and ease pain.
Linseed oil and lime-water mixed in equal quantities is an effective lotion for burns and scalds. Linseed meal poultices and Indian meal poultices were common to cure boils, etc. Sometimes a thin slice of bacon-lard or yellow bacon was placed on top of the poultice when applying it to the sore, boil or lump. A very effective drawing plaster for boils, or absesses or sores is made by melting resin-ointment and venice turpentine together and when melted adding a little flour and boil the contents for

(b) A drop of ordinary turpentine on a lump of sugar before breakfast.Toothache:- Rub a frog to the tooth or put the frog in your mouth until he roars three times.
Thrush :- White-lead, turpentine and linseed oil. Sore Eyes - Bathe them three times in Lady Well in Michael O'Briens lios, Barnagurraha, Anglesboro', Co. Limerick Pain in the back:- In Breigown Church yard there is a window in the old church and anyone who crawls through it is cured of a pain in the back. (Brigown Church yard is about ½ mile south east of Mitchelst There was an old man who lived around here called Jim Roche, a posthumous child and by rubbing his tongue to a cut, swelling or sore mouth could cure it. A child born between twelve noon and twelve midnight was supposed to be able to see spirits and fairies. This is proved by the fact that a

Bad Cold: Inhale turpentine going to bed. Put on a cloth & keep near mouth.Warts: piece of [?] buried in clay under Gooseberry bush. Say prayers by time 'twould be [?] and warts will be gone

The seventh son or daughter -is regarded as having a cure. I know a seventh son and when quite a young lad he cured me. This man is Daniel J O'Sullivan Stumble Mount Collins co Limerick. He is about 50 years of age. When about 8 years old I suffered terribly form boils on my neck. I was taken to a doctor who prescribed for my complaint but to no advantage. No sooner was one boil departed but another came on, and so on for months. I was in a very bad way. An old woman told my parents to take me to young Sullivan. He was the 7th son and that he could cure me. One fine Sunday afternoon my father took me to "Johnny Bawns" as the boy's father was called. Nothing was done for me that trip as his mother told me I should come fasting in the morning and Dan should be fasting also.
Early on Monday morning my father took me, and this is what was done as far as I remember, and I believe I am correct. He breathed three times on the sore neck, nest put his fasting spit on the boil, and finally washed his face, and washed my neck afterwards with the water. After that the good hospitable Old Mrs Sullivan gave me my breakfast before returning home. The same treatment was continued for three mornings. On my return home the first morning I was very ill, the boils were more painful than ever I thought, and continued so all day and night. On Tuesday I was very ill, but towards evening the pain abated and I

Their names (1) William O'Callaghan Cahill, (2) Creagh Harnett; (3) Nicholas Dinscomb. (4) Fitzmaurice (5) Ellis, (6) Colonel Deane (Landlord of Caher Deg and Sarbán and Secontglass); 7(1) lived in Knockulcare (2) in Craigh
(3) lived in ____ (4) lived in Rockchapel (5) lived near Abbeyfeale. (1) he was moonlighted (2) ____ (3) ____ (4) He was wicked - - Evictions (a) Paddy the Twins (Lenihan) grand father was evicted. His wife and children went to the poor house in Newcastlewest (b) John Begley from Slossha (between Cnocán, Knock-a-Margaid and Stumble. Creagh Hartnett that evicted him. (c) There were seven widows living in a cabin in Bolt Leahy's place. Two of them were evicted One of them went to where Jack Davy (Lenihan) is living now and the other went to where Jack Tom (Lenihan) is living now. Both

the milk.
Also another cure for jaundice was black tea (i.e.) tea without milk. Porter was also considered a cure for itRheumatism For muscular rheumatism mustard poultice was used to effect a cure. The poultice was made of equal parts of flour and mustard and wet with lukewarm water and then put on a piece of silk or muslin and applied to the affected part for 20 minutes or half an hour. The same remedy was used for bronchitis in children. For more acute rheumatism they used a lotion four parts linseed oil one part turpentine and a tablespoon of mustard. All to be mixed in a bottle and well shaken before being applied. The affected parts to be well massaged with the lotion. Herbs Lasaléen an herb found in coarse marshy places was pounded and the lower stem and roots then applied to swollen limbs was a very severe blister. It was used for sciatica and such ailments. Misameen - The white little flowers were boiled and given to the suffering from consumption. Red Dandelion - grown on poor land - The leaves were eaten raw as a remedy for stomach complaints. Garlic - boiled in milk and drink was considered a cure for colds, bronchitis and chest trouble.

A toothache- to meet a frog three successive mornings, and to make the frog scream.
- to paint the wrist with turpentine. - to paint the tooth and gum with iodine. If there is a hole in tooth and the nerve exposed - to plug the hole with a bit of cotton-wool steeped in safron. Chin-cough or whooping cough. The leavings of a ferret's meal (milk or bread) to give it to the child suffering from chin-cough was considered a good cure. To ask the first man you'd meet leading a white horse "what would cure the chin-cough?" and to act on his advice - do exactly as he'd tell you. Another remedy was to go under the donkey between his fore legs for three mornings. Some believed that donkey's milk was effective cure for the chin-cough. The thrush (Craog-ghabar) To get a gander and have him fasting for nine successive mornings, each morning his breath to be inhaled through the patient's mouth. Warts To rub a black snail to them was considered a remedy. Your fasting spit for 21 successive mornings. Castor oil rubbed on them. Corns To walk barefooted in the dewy grass before sunrise. Jaundice Sheep's dropping boiled in new milk and to drink

This name Meeing or Meen is applied to this part of the townland of Knocknasna in which the school is built. It means the marshy slope on the hill-side and is true to name. The termination Samhail was added from an old story wherein it is alleged a spirit was seen there once. The story bears a similitude to Seadhna and the Black Man. Seemingly a local resident was obliged to go for the priest, for his wife who lay seriously ill, in the dead of night. He was proceeding on foot along the pathway which was the short cut towards the town where the clergyman resided. The spirit or ghost came right across his pathway and wouldn't allow him proceed till he promised he'd go with him on his return. Telling his story to the priest on his arrival, the latter fortified himself with a bottle of holy water and taking the man on horseback behind himself they came along. The spirit met them, where he appeared and made a dive to take the man off the horse, but the priest was too quick and made a ring with the blessed water around them. Immediately the spirit leaped outside the ring. Proceeding on their journey they were attacked again and once again the clergyman was successful. A third and final attack was made with a similar result, the priest using the holy water to protect them, and the spirit disappeared and was never known to be seen there since.The story was related by the late J. M. Collins who owned the farm once.

Birds: The early arrival of the grey plover indicates an early winter.
Wild geese flying southwards indicates bad weather. Wild geese flying northwards you can expect a spell of good weather. Flies: Midgets very busy in the evening announce the approach of rain. Ants in the road and walls signify the same. The horse fly very busy and vicious attack at cattle show we are near more rain; and if it is bad weather we can expect a continuation. Sky A firy glow amongst clouds at night indicate approaching storm.

when the morning is dull with a clouded sky, and little windows (openings) in the western sky it betokens a fine day, especially if there is a little breeze blowing."Thunder"
A dull coppery sky laden with heavy clouds and murky air signifies thunder. Dogs sometimes display great fear and actually ran off miles from home at the first noise of thunder. "Fords" When the ford near the footbridge (Collins? Ford) was heard twas a sign of fine weather. If the ford at the high Bridge created a noise then rain was in the air. Fogs Fog along the western mountain brow indicates rain. Fog over river bank at early morn indicates fine weather. If the morning be dull & foggy but a little breeze blows (or as they express it if it is lively) the day will surely brighten up. Birds The curlews screaming indicate a change in the weather - it may often be for the better or worse. The rooks flying low and perching on sides of fences indicate rain. The rooks flying high indicate fine weather. The swallows soaring high you can expect fine weather. When they skim along the ground rain is approaching. The duck run & quack a sign of rain. The geese take sudden flight as if attacked signify a storm and rain When the day is bad and the cock crows its an omen the evening will be fine.

26. The Queen of England had a ship,
And there her daughter lies, And if her name could be found out, She would be hanged, And there 'tis told four times. AND.27. Between two hills there is a house, And in the house there is a dresser, And in the dresser there is a cup, And in the cup there is a sup, for everyone to take it. DEATH 28. As I went up a hill of wonder, And I came down a hill of thunder I saw twenty four blackbirds tearing up a field asunder A HARROW 29. Hoddy, doddy, with a round black body, and a big flat head. What's that? A POT 30. A flock of white sheep on a red hill here they go, there they go, and now they stand still. Teeth in your gum. 31. Riddle me, riddle me what is that over the head and under the hat. "The hair of the head" 32. As round as a marble. As deep as a cup And all the men in Kerry Couldn't pick it up. A WELL

19 What comes twice in a moment, once in a month and never in a thousand years?
The letter m. 20 What turns without moving? Milk 21 'Tis black, 'tis white and 'tis read all over? A newspaper. 22 Why is the letter I the happiest of all letters? Because 'tis in the middle of bliss. 23 What can you fill a barrel with and still can't make it heavier? Holes. 24 What goes from Cork to Dublin without moving? The road.

7. What has a head and no face?
A Match8 What has a face and no head ? A watch. 9. What is it that never asks questions yet requires many answers? A door-bell. 10. Why does a person go to bed? Because the bed wont come to him. 11. What has a head, a foot and four legs? A bed 12. What never goes long without winding? A Clock 13. Why does the hen peck the pot? Because she cant lick it.

(1) What is the longest word in the English language?
Smiles there is a mile between the first and last letter 2 What letter changes a biped into a drinking vessel? G it makes a glass of a lass.3. I am pushed about all day , and yet I never drop. I am in everbody's way and yet neer I stop. My four arms each day point in every way and my head is screwed on at the top. What am I? Turnstile 4. What's as crooked as a river? Its banks. 5 What is the difference between a school teacher and a Post office clerk? One licks with a stick and the other sticks with a lick. 6. If 9 horses draw each two of turf daily, at 9s a load what will it all come to in the end of the year? Ashes.

There are many stories told about Rathoran fort. This is one of them. Jeremiah O Connor who was living near the fort, had a dream that there was a nest of hen-eggs under a bush in the fort, and to go next day and get them. He did so and got them. The next night he had a dream that there was a crock of gold hidden under a big, flat stone a few feet deep in the fort, and if himself and his brother went to the fort a twelve o'clock in the night, they would get it. He told it to his brother next day and his brother said "I will not go with you" Jerry went to Dick Collins, whose nick name was "Restardín" and asked him to go with him to the fort for the crock of gold. "But manam an diabhal, I will," said Restardín, so off they went to the fort with a spade and shovel, and began to dig, and after a time they came to the flag. They were delighted and sat down to take a rest in order to be able to lift it. next thing a white hare jumped up on the flag, and Restardín drew a stroke of the spade at him and he disappeared. They rose up the flag, and the gold was gone. It is believed that if his brother went with him, he would get it.

got bad, and when he was an old man he was badly off. One night he could not sleep, and he was sitting up in bed, smoking, when a man walked into the room. He knew the man to be a relative of his who had been dead a number of years. The Vision sat on the bed, "Paddy" said the Vision, "you are badly off, and you need not." "Do you remember the bogdeal you found in the "inch" in Craig long ago? That was not bogdeal, it was a chest of gold. No one but and O Connell can ever find it, and you are the only man in this generation that can find it. You must go for it of a Wednesday night. From the time you leave home until you get the gold, you are not to curse, otherwise you will not find the gold. there are only two little dogs guarding it and they wont harm you." The next Wednesday night Paddy and his sons set out to find the gold, but one of the sons cursed, and when they dug down the found only gravel. My grandfather, John O Connell, of Clash, Abbeyfeale, was then a young man, and when he heard the story he went to look for the gold with a couple of companions. They carried Blessed candles and Holy Water, but some one of them cursed, and they found only gravel. The curate in Abbeyfeale at the time also heard the story, and when looking for the gold, but some one of his companions cursed, and they found only gravel. Any of the

A man of the O'Connells, a cousin of my grandfather's, who was living near Mountcollins was one day looking for bogdeal in Cahir mountain. As he was returning home he had to cross a little stream in the townland of Craig. He drove his log-spit down in the little "inch" and he found a log of bogdeal. He felt it along with his log-spit, and found it to be six feet by four feet. He marked it, but when he returned later he could not find it. Times

he hastened home and it was noticed that from that time forth he became morose and partly insane. The mound was never again touched, not even by the cattle, who, though they walk on it, were never seen to eat of the grass that grows on it.
As far as can be recorded, lights were seen on it only once. About ten years ago, on a winter's night, a light in the form of a wheel was seen there by my father - Patrick Hartnett, now dead. It consisted of lesser lights of many colours which leaped and sparkled as the "wheel" jumped around the mound. Then it lifted away up and disappeared in the clouds. Sometimes a huge, black dog, some three feet in height and with eyes that seem like balls of yellow fire, is seen on the mound. One night a man named Laurence Hartnett, my bother and aged twenty-one, who was going through the field, saw two, shiny objects on the mound. Prompted by some inner curiosity, he approached to ascertain what they were. When about ten yards from them, a dog rose, glared for a moment at the man, and then faded into nothingness. This man is normally healthy, and is sure that what he saw was not an illusion, as he saw the dog plainly silhouetted against the starlit sky.

About forty years ago a man named Walsh, now dead, started to investigate a mound on his farm situated in the townland of Dromtrasna, Abbeyfeale Co. Limerick. This mound is about fourteen feet in diameter and is circular in shape. It is now covered with toad-stools of a very unwholesome character, and some very slimy, dark-green grass and rushes. The man repaired to the mound, equipped with implements suitable for digging. Having excavated about three feet deep, he found a good deal of loosely-strewn stones, which soon resolved into more solid masonry. Then, suddenly, six white mice jumped from an aperture in the masonry, and in single file they made three complete circles round the mound. Without the slightest sign of hesitation or fear, they again returned to the hole and disappeared underground. Being of a superstitious turn of mind, the man at once started to fill in the hole and never stopped until the last stone was replaced and the last shovel of earth was packed. Then, sweating from both fear and exertion

A friend would be sent with an account of a match. When he'd go in he'd tell what brought him. Then he'd tell the fortune she had, so the number of cows, calves, pigs etc.
they would then appoint a day to make the match. It was making a bargain. Many a match was made between boy and girl and that boy and girl never before saw each other. A day would then appointed for the boy and girl to meet. If each were satisfied the marriage would take place. It was a custom that the man (that was to get married) would go to the girl's house and stay during the night of the house. He used generally take a friend with him and such a night's [?] as they used here. This man did not spend a night at the girl's house, for why, he had no fingers in one hand. He was born that way. At the rails when the marriage was on she was that he had no fingers in one hand. The priest noticed the hand too. He asked the girl did she know this before. She said she didn't. The priest was greatly put out. He asked her would she allow the marriage to go on.

hold out his hand (seller) and the other strikes it with his hand (buyer). they sometimes show their agreement by going in for a drink.
Animals are marked with tar or paint or puddle on the top of his stick or cart grease. To clip a bit with scissors. Pig buyers make three scars with a knife on pig's back. The halter or rope is given away sometimes. June's fair day and September Fair held in Abbeyfeale, re the two most important fairs of the year. There is a famous calf market held every Monday for six or seven months of the year in Abbeyfeale. They bring calves from Rathkeale Elin. Tarbert, [?], Castleisland and Rock Chapel there. The pig fair precedes the cattle fairs always. Bonhams are sold both on the pig market day and cattle fair day. Sheep are sold the same days as the cattle are sold

Local fairs are held in Brosna and Abbeyfeale. There is no local fair held now. Long ago there used a fair be held in Knock a' Mhargabh.

549"Forfeits" was a favourite game beside the fire in Winter and sometimes the punishment was an almost impossible one.
"Guessing" was another pastime beside the fire. Another game was to place a bit of a stick in the fire and light it and hold it up in your hand and say "Jack is alive and alive still. If he died in my hand A forfeit I'll give.". "Hide and go seek" was another game and that is still played, and to find who was to hide" All stood round and one started pointing to each one for each word and said "Iné míne mina mow. Catch a [...] by the toe. If he screech, let him go Iné míne mina mow." and she who was struck last with the word "mow" had to "hide" while the others ran into hiding holes. When the girl went to seek them if she touched anyone of them before she got into the place appointed called "In" she had to "hide" next time. Another vese said to point out the

There were many games played long ago which do not find any place now. One was "Duck and [?]". It was something like "skittles" but a large stone was used instead of the skittles and a smaller one put on top and a stone was used to hit off the small stone from a marked distance [Drawing]
If the duck went outside the circle you got no credit for it. Jenny Jo was another "I came to see J. J. where is she now. This is played now in Irish. Another "Draw Buckets water for the young lady's daughter One in a bush, two in a thrush My young lady Come under the bush. While there was being sung all joined up & kept time to the music & when finished one who was in the middle joined in & then all jumped round singing "Sugar loaf. sugar lump " " " "

We'll have long Daitheen and Seán Dinnagheen
From the top of Tureen Jack Nanó was the first to go He was the first that got the stitches He ran from Barrna na h Ab'ann Shitting in his breeches.---- Jim Mc Hugh (mentioned above) was a great swimmer and he made a kind of a boat. He was able to drive it over the water. When the people heard this they advised him to go as a sailor. (I asked him to change this and he thought and out came "and left it")

Pánach)
Tadhg Mearsh (Máire?) Curtain? in Knockalcare. It is said that his son was kept inside one evening for not knowing his tasks and the old master ( he had no memory sense the last year he taught in school) went home and left him in the school. The child was frightened and the windows were then much higher than they are now. And the child went to come out through the window and he fell and it seems the fall was the cause of his death for he died not long after i.e. the son died. He used be with Old Riathineae (Timothy O Callaghan O Cahill) They were coming from Tournafulla one night and Timothy who was landlord told Tady Marsh to go when he saw a crowd coming towards him to kill him Tadg Nearsh ("I'll never desert my master in the hour of need." He found great favour with Timothy from that on. It seems that there was an attempt made on Timothy's Life. He had Police Protection in his house for sometime after and they used have to convey him to the Chapel and to Abbeyfeale and everyplace he'd go to.

Diniseen Lyons has an extraordinary memory).
He made a song about the moonlighters and one also about the Grabbers. There were two Cahills there. They were lazy The Lanes (the present ones) grabbed? their land (re the Cahills) then the moonlighters came along but the Lanes held their grip through thick and thin. The Tailor Roche, Old Quirke and Uld Dan and Diniseen Lyons could have these songs. They were kept on for a long time by those who were able to sing them i.e. the songs. This Seán Nance had Irish. His mother brought him up and a brother of his and gave them a good education. He used go around to the neighbours and used do work and brought them up and reared them. HImself and Will Curtain had a race. Each tried to be into the school before the other i.e. the first day the first National School was built. He married Danaher's wife's grandmother. He was very old when he married her. He knew the Spailpin Pánach and Seán 'O [?] a' Gleanna Old Quirke sings this song too (Spailpín

Sean (Jack Nance). He was called the Bard or Bardeen People used be afraid to say anything what fear they'd bring him on them. He is now in the Home in Newcastlewest. John Collins is his name. He was the first scholar that ever went into that school outside (Mt Collins 1870) and Will Curtain was the second. He (Sean Nance) was a good scholar. He was the troublesome article. Even in the Home now he has to be put in a place by himself he'd kill the other poor old man if he weren't. He owned Danaher's Cottage which is at Dave Lyon's Cross.
He composed a song about a policeman whose name was Cash and who was going with a lady by the name of ____. He composed a song about the races which were held here the year Will Curtain married. The races were held above the Chapel in Con Tady's Place and over that way. That is the last time races were held here I think they were held once after that but they weren't much. In the song he had something to say about everyone and everything fixed nicely after each other. He had a name for every jockey and every horse. I don't think it is by anybody now save Diniseen Lyon's (this

Túirí na cúig:-The súil:-
- In Pat Brosnan (Cassan) Cnocán - In Paddy Mick Lenihan, Cnoc Cúl Cawn. The leacha:- - Lady Jacky's Leacha (RIP). In Billin Connor's place, - Cnocán Cud, Jack's Leacha - In Con Brosnan's place, Cnocán micín - Mikes Leacha - Michael Brosnan's place, Cnocán Tom Sheehans Leacha - Cnocán The Ban Field:- In every farm. The field outside the barn when nearly the cows do stand. The Réa:- Everybody has a Rhea. Rushy wet mossy, which gors heath. Túirín Finín:- Name of townland in Brosna parish. Verse They came in crowds from Barra na h-Abhann And all around Mount Eagle From Luirín and Ceap Pháidín And all around by Breanach (Draonach) The Black Field:- - In every farm almost The Lerbhs: A class of a course meadow in Denis Flanagan (York) Suiée [?] Pairc an Cabraigh:- - Cathair Leat - Mhaige:- Mr David D. Lenihan the Páircín:- - In many farms The Toppers:- - They cut Finán there. In Pilip Hanagan's farn, cathair beag. The Well Field:- - In every farm. The ha'penny haggard:- - In Micin Mike's Brosnan, Cnocán Sheas Field:- - In Raddy Mick's Lenihan's farms. In memory of an old man who lived there about 40 years ago. The Srafeens:- - In Johnny Lane's place, Cnoc Cúl Cior

chain is tied on to the stick. The stick is coming across the bellows. when you pull down the stick, the bellows will come in together and the wind will go out through the pipe to the fire.
The implements the smith use in his work:- Anvil, two sledges, big one and some one; pincers, three rasps, a file a knife, horse nails, rod-iron, three or four kinds of tongs, open tongs and closed in tongs for catching small light bits of iron, punch, cold chisel, machine for holing iron, a vice, a tank of water for cooling the shoes, small shovel for keeping the fire together, a poker for freeing the pipe of the bellows. A stand for putting the horse's leg up on it to rasp the nails and end of hoof. hammer, a big chisel, two dogs for putting on bands on wheels. An augor, a block head, a mallet a small wheel with a small little handle out of it. He'd put the wheel up in the block and go around with this small wheel to see is it level. Hack-saw. Iron for making gates. A certain small hammer for putting on the shoes on the horses.

No man would get a pair of shoes until he was able to guide a horse.
when they'd be going to the chapel they'd put on their shoes when they'd come near the chapel and when they'd come out they'd take them off again and walk home barefoot Everyone would have to give a year out in service before they'd get a pair of shoes. The children here (in Mt Collins) go barefoot in summer but not in Winter You should never throw out feet water after night fall If you threw it out you should throw it out sideways and pour it out easily. Some people would never throw out any kind of water after six oclock They'd gather it all together and throw it out in the morning. If you had not the water (spring water) brought in for the night before the sun would set you should carry some with you to the well. After eight oclock at night you should

If you set a packet of black pansy seeds and when they'd grow up the bees and butterflies would come and go from flower to flower and the following year when you'd set those seeds the flowers would be all different colours. It is said that the bees and butterflies changed them.
Herbs and plants that are eaten:- Fairy praties; Sorrow (Sows leaves), Mushrooms; Spineáns; Cuckoo eggs; Black Huts; Vetches; Haws; Sloes; Nettles; Honey Suckle and red Clover; the soft white part of a rush when you'd pull, also the soft white part of Canabhán when you'd pull it from the roots;

Thistles for asses and goats and when it is cut up cows eat it.
Castarbhán is picked and chopped and given to hens and ducks and pigs Young tender shoots of bushes eaten by goats and asses Furse (gorse) is given when chopped up to horses. When the mountain is burned Finncáin

and the back of a motor around the well. This night they remained up and about two oclock the car came and nobody was in it. the well was not kept properly at that time. There was no vessel to take a drink and the people had to stoop down.
They thought this was the reason and they prayed and kept the well properly ever since and put a vessel near it and ever since there was nothing seen there. James Downs went to the well every day for six weeks. Every he took some thing to the well and left it there. He used take home the water and used wash his face and hands. His face and hands were covered with boils. He used nearly be off the head with them. He got so sick that he couldn't go to the well. Then the woman of the house used bring him water from it. It was doing him no good and himself went again and he was only barely able to go. He dipped a cloth in the water and let the water drop by drop roll on the boils. They all soaked up and cured

Those that are harmful:- The Yellow Root; the Leaves of Rhuburb; Screen Broom; Fairy Mille. They Yew Tree. All these are poisonous.Marsh Mallows:- They cut up the Marsh Mallows and put whiskey or cream or sour milt with it and apply it to the sore instep.
Dock Leaves: Set a leaf. Put it on to sore lip. It will stick on to lip. Leave it there until morning. then apply young cream. Dock Leaf and Black Snail:- Go out early in the morning when the dew is on the ground. Catch the snail by his horns. If the horns break or if he pulls them in in spite of you he is no good. Rub him across you lip and then get a dock leaf and put it on to your sore lip. St Joseph's leaf cures cuts in the feet. Put the leaf up to the cut & it cures it. Dandelion:- Pull the dandelion from the roots (Roots and all). Wash it and then boil it with water and drink the water. Cures Yellow jaundice.

Names of Weeds:- Chicken weed; Crowsfoot, Yellow Root, Dog Leaf (Dock Leaf), Duacallán, Castarbhán; Thistles, Nettles Screen Broom, Fairy Praties (potatoes); Ferns; Noneens; Leaves of Rhuburb; Fairy MilleOnes that spread rapidly:- Chicken weed, (Crow Weed & Ivy Weed are the same), Nettles; Briars; Dock Leaves; Thistles
Ones that impoverish the soil:- Dock Leaves: Thistles; Nettles; Ferns; Duacalláns; On Good Land:- Thistles; Clover; Noneens; dandelions; Ferns; Duacalláns, Dock Leaves, Cowslips Castarbain; Moosrooms On bad Land:- Rushes, Felistrums; Chicken Weed; Marsh Mallows; Dock Leaf; St Joseph's Leaf; Cabbage; Potatoes; Nettles; Apples; Dandelion; Dock-Leaves and the Black Snail; See page 25 Marsh Mallows cure sore insteps, corns. They cut it up and rub it to the corns. They

of Cork it goes on to the Rock (Rock Chapel)
At the left hand side is Dick Dane's Cross. This takes on through Knockúlcare and Mileen & on to the Rock. On this road one comes to Diniseen Lyon's Cross. One turns here to the right and goes on up to the New Road (built some three years ago), and and on to Mileen. The New Road takes one to Second Glas and Sarbán and when you come to Serbhán Bridge (Long Bridge) Turn to left & you're on the Baile Beig Road & turn to your right & you're on the Sarbán Road. On the Baile Beag is Cahill's Road. This takes one to the road from Mountcollins to Tournafalla.Village Road: From Dave Lyons Cross through the village to Paddy Mose's (Hernet) Height and then to Paddy Cahill's Cross & on the Lower Caher Raod to Aabbeyfeale. The first cross is (Ned Dan's Cross or Paddy the Twin's or Bill Phil's or Moss Nocton's Cross - know by each of there names). This is the High Road to Jack Roche's Cross The next Cross is Slashia Mose's (Hernet) Cross on the Bog Road to Meen-a-h'lile.

four roads. One road goes to Sarbán. One goes to Abbeyfeale. One goes to Cahir. And one goes to Tournafalla.
The next cross is at the right hand side and takes one to Baile Beag. The next Cross in Nocton's Cross. A cross of four roads. One to Meen-a- h'lile. One to Sarbán. One to Mount collins. One to Tournafalla. After leaving this cross one passes through Knockna D'Aighthe on to Tournafalla.The High Road (from Ned Dan's Cross to Jack Roche's Cross). there is one cross road. [?] Connell's Cross. This takes one through Caherlevoy on through Knock-a Mhargaidh to Caroll's Cross. Here one goes to Meen-a-h'lile and the other road to Cahir. Knockcúlcare Road: From Dave Lyon's Cross to the bounds of Cork. Dave Lyon's Cross is a cross of four Roads. One to the village. One to the Creamery. On to the School. One to knockcúlcare. Part of Knockulcare Road is called Straoiléan. When it come to the bounds

The road from Abbeyfeale to Cork passes Feale's Bridge and Mountcollins' Creamery. The road from Feale's Bridge by Mountcollins' Creamery is known as the New Line. This New Line is the main route from Abbeyfeale to Mountcollins. One may also come from Abbeyfeale by the Lower Cahir Road. the Road from Abbeyfeale to Limerick. At Devon Road Cross on this road one branches off for Mountcollins. From New castle west one comes by Lournafalla to Mountcollins.School District: The Low Road from Dave Lyon's Cross (beside the village of Mountcollins( passing by the School on the Nocton's Cross and down Knockna D'arghthe to Tournafalla. Parts of this road are called "The Low Road" from Dave Lyon's Cross to Dinscum's Bridge (called after the Landlord, in whose time it was built) "The School Height" from Dinscum's Bridge to the School. "The Branch" near Nocton's Cross.
At Dinscum's Bridge one meets the first cross road. This road goes to the Rock (Rock Chapel). Part of this is called Curtains Road. Part called the Bog

road. Part called the Mileen Road. The Spur (a gullet) separates the Mileen Road from the Bog road. Part called the Rock chapel road.
The next cross road is Baile Beag Cross. (sometimes called Dave Roche's Cross) This road passes over Baile Beag bridge and is called Baile Beag Road. Then it passes over the long bridge. After that it is called Garbhám Height. Then it is called Garbhán Road from top of Height. Then it is called the Mileen Road. It passes by Mileen School. Then it branches off over to Tournafilla & the other to the Rock (Rock Chapel). The next Cross Road is Jack Roche's Cross. This likes one back Jack Fitz's Road across the Gate and Cnocán and down the High Road to Mountcollins Village. Part of this called the Barrack Road. Where it enters the village the cross is called Ned Dan's (O Connell) Cross. This Ned Dan owns a public house at the cross. The next Cross is at the butt (bottom) of the Branch. It goes through Caherlevoy, on up the Bog Road and out to Meen-a-h'lile & from them to Abbeyfeale. At the Meen-a-h'lile Creamery there is a cross of

The road from Abbeyfeale to Cork passes Feale's Bridge and Mountcollins' Creamery. The road from Feale's Bridge by Mountcollins' Creamery is known as the New Line. This New Line is the main route from Abbeyfeale to Mountcollins. One may also come from Abbeyfeale by the Lower Cahir Road. the Road from Abbeyfeale to Limerick. At Devon Road Cross on this road one branches off for Mountcollins. From New castle west one comes by Lournafalla to Mountcollins.School District: The Low Road from Dave Lyon's Cross (beside the village of Mountcollins( passing by the School on the Nocton's Cross and down Knockna D'arghthe to Lournafalla. Parts of this road are called "The Low Road" from Dave Lyon's Cross to Dinscum's Bridge (called after the Landlord, in whose time it was built) "The School Height" from Dinscum's Bridge to the School. "The Branch" near Nocton's Cross.
At Dinscum's Bridge one meets the first cross road. This road goes to the Rock (Rock Chapel). Part of this is called Curtains Road. Part called the Bog

A slow fire makes sweet malt.
A straw best shows how the wind blows. A wrinkled purse a wrinkled face. As the fool thinketh, so the bell clinketh. A knave is one, but a fool is many. A lie has no legs A man will never change his mind if he has no mind to change. Goods when list are valued most. Bend the twig, bend the tree. Do not ride a free horse to death. He that has a wish for his supper may go to bed hungry. As you brew, you must bake. It is good to begin well, but it is better to end well. Keep your shop & your shop will keep you. Little dogs rise the hare but great ones catch it. A place for everything & everything in its place

99. Decent people are never exact.
100. Beware of those whose eyebrows meet far in their hearts there is deceit. 101. A new broom sweeps clean. 102. The younger the chicken the sweeter the picking. 103. The longer you'll live the more you'll know 104. When all fruit fails welcome haws. 105. The nearest to the chapel the farthest from the altar. 106. Hurry died and Lazy buried him107. "Candlemas Day, Candles & candle-sticks throw away" 108. "Rippin' and sewin' will keep us goin' " 109. Throw Them up Here and Don't mind your miseriatus" An old man named William Hartigan lived in this locality until lately. He was a quaint character & believed that fairies inhabited the hill at the back of his house. Once when working in a farmer's house in the locality, the woman of the house asked him at dinner if he would have any more potatoes, whereupon he replied as about: " Throw them etc

67. Hunger is the best sauce.
68. He that goes a borrowing goes a sorrowing. 69. "I doubt it" said Croker when he left Ballinagarde. This proverb was used by a local Landlord named Mr. Croker. when he was dying he ordered his servants to take him to the highest window in the house so that he could take a last look at his herds and lands. Looking he uttered "O sweet Ballinagarde must I leave you" His parson told him that he was going to a better place. He replied "I doubt it." 70. God never closed a gap but he opened one. 71. Tis a bad wind that don't blow good for someone. 72. Dead or alive, the herring wants water. 73. Live old horse and youll get grass. 74. The old dog for the hard road and the young one for the puddle. 75. A fool and his money soon parts. 76. When it rains it pours. 77. A bird in your hand is worth two in a bush 78, The longest way around is the shortest way home. 79. Better a castle of bones than a castle of stones. 80. A friend in need is a friend indeed

21. Let the best horse jump the fence.
22. It is'nt the hen that cackles most that lays the biggest egg. 22. A Green Christmas makes a rich churchyard. 24. When you're down down with you. 25. The early bird always catches the worm. 26. Put a beggar on horse-back and he'll ride like the devil. 27. Tis a long road that has no turn. 28. There's miles between smiles. 29. Tis'nt the horse that earns the oats that gets them. 30. Better a castle of bones that a castle of stones. 31. Money is made round to go round. 32. Long threatning comes at last 34. The more the merrier. 35. Much wants more 36. Happy is the corpse that the rain pours on. 37. A nodd is as good as a wink to a blind horse 38. The more speed the less hurry. 39. There is no use crying after spilled milk 40. A good beginning is half the work. 41. A man without learning and wearing 42. fine clothes, is like a gold ring in a guinea pigs nose

"Leap-frog" is played this way. A lot of boys stoop down and place their hands on their knees. One boy then jumps over the first in the line. The latter then rises, and follows the first boy. Then those two boys jump over the next in the line; who immediately rises & follows their example. When the first boy has all the others jumped he stoops himself and is jumped by all the others.
"Blowing bubbles", is played this way. A child gets an old pipe. The mouth of it is covered with soapy water. The boy then blows into the stem of the pipe and up rises a big bubble. When he thinks it big enough the boy pulls the pipe away from it. Then it rises up in the air. "Marbles", are played this way. A circle is drawn on the ground; inside in which a number of boys have then to put a marble each. Then they sit on the ground a little bit away from the circle. Whoever is the first to shout "First shot" takes a marble in his

139. on my breast is a father to my brother.
Answer unknown.140. In a garden there lay a beautiful maid as fair as an April morn. The first day of her life she became a wife and died before she was born? Ans. = Eve. 141. Three-quarters of a cross, and a circle complete, two semicircles joined by a line, straight, an isosceles triangle standing on its two feet, two semicircles and a circle compete? Ans. = The word tobacco. 142. When does one and one make more than two? Ans. = Put them together and they'll make eleven. 143. A motor-cyclist started from Hospital to go to Limerick a distance of twenty miles, at sixty miles an hour. the same day it happened that another motor-cyclist left Limerick for Hospital at forty miles an hour. When they met which was the nearest to Limerick? Ans. = When the met they were the same distance

The birds most commonly found in my district are, sparrows, robins, wrens, hawks, wood-peckers, jackdaws, crows, blackbirds, thrushes, starlings (locally called "stares") magpies, finches (bullfinches, gold-finches, chaffinches) linnet (brown & green) yellowhammers (buntings) golden wren, water wagtail, plovers (golden, grey & green) curlews, snipe, wild-duck, tits, water-hens, cranes, scald-crows, field-buntings, cuckoos, corncrakes, seagulls, kingfishers, larks, (skylark and tit-lark), swallows, martins, owlBIRD | WHERE SHE BUILDS
Sparrows | under house-eaves robins | bushes, shrubs, banks, old utensils wrens | bushes, house-eaves, hedges hawks | on a high tree woodpecker | hole in trunk of tree Jack-daws | chimneys and ruins pigeon | wild crab trees

Then the pulp was mixed with flour and salt & baked on a griddle. This stumpy had other uses. It was spread out on a flat board to dry and used as starch. It was also fed to fattening calves.Gráinseachán:-
Grains of wheat were boiled first in water and then in milk. A pinch of sugar was added to taste, & then it was eaten. Bread was generally baked twice a week in the farmers' house. When a cake was kneaded a cross was cut on top with a knife. This was done for a double reason; firstly, so that the crust would not split & be irregular, and secondly to make the cake handy for cutting into four quarters. The bread was generally baked in a bastable. Bread was also baked in front of the fire standing against a support, but this was not done until the bread had become fairly hardened on the griddle. This support was made of iron. Currant-cakes were made at Christmas.

udder is burned off with flame from a Blessed Candle to prevent the cow getting a "start" in the udder.
Some cows here will not yield milk unless the milker lilts a song, and this practice is very common here. In the horse's stable there was a hay-rack and a feeing-box. A horse-shoe nailed on the door brought good luck (?) The floor was made of cobble-stones, covered with a bed of straw, or furze or heather. Horses were "half-clipped" every 1st of December A gamhain groidhe is the local term for a calf that was bulled as a yearling, and then calved as a two-year old - one year before her time. A farmer wold fatten eight or nine pigs in the year and kill three at the fall of the year for bacon The meat was cleaned, cut into blocks the length of the butcher's knife, and salted. There were generally eight pieces in a pig. The surplus lean was cut off, and used freshly. This was called "grishkins", and each neighbour was presented with a "grishkin". The meat was salted as follows:- Salt was shaken on the meat. Then a device consisting of a flat board with nails driven trough, and a leather handle, was used to scrub & scratch the meat well so that the salt went well in. This device was called a "Cróg". The meat was then put in a barrel, having first stamped each piece with a red-hot "tip" of a boot(continued on page 134)

animal, (b) from the person whom the animal was bought from, or (c) from the fair at which the animal was bought. Following are local examples of those names:- Magaide (from title of head) Broken Horn, Cocked Horn, Long Teats, Bottle Teats, Callaghan, Short Tail, Red Galbally (bought at Galbally) etc. etc. "How! How! is said when driving in the cows, or very often it is sufficient to say "Shep! Shep!} (calling the sheep-dog, which has the cows well trained) "Suc! Suc!" calls the calves.
In the cow-house, the cows are tied in a contrivance called "bails". See sketch.[Drawing] - Bails A & B are wooden posts. B is movable towards A when the cow's head is between the two. Then the hasp C is inserted in the ridg D, and the cow is secured. Cows are never tied by the horns or legs. On Palm Sunday, a piece of blessed palm is hung up in the cowhouse to bring good luck. Water blessed on Easter Saturday is sprinkled in the cowhouse on May Day, (the day on which farmers fear piseógs) Also their udders are washed in this water in order that the cows may give a good milk yield. After calving, the sign of the cross is made on a cow's hip with a Blessed Candle, and sometimes the hair on the

Here is a list of domestic and farm animals at any local farmers house:- From 5 to 30 cows and a bull, two horses, a donkey, often a jennet, calves, pigs, hens, ducks, geese, turkeys, a couple of guinea-hens, a cat or two, sheep-dog, and sometimes sheep.
The cows generally have names. The names are taken (a) from some distinguishing mark on the

across the line BD. His idea is to hit the ball so that no X can catch it first time. If the ball is caught "first time" by an X, the O in the small circle is "out"; his place is then taken by a team-mate, and he cannot come back again unless it is earned by this team-mate or another, as follows:- Let us suppose, the ball is "missed" by the opponenents. Then the "pitcher" runs around the large circle, and should be complete three rounds without being returned the ball, he earns the right to bring back a partner to pitch again, etc.Ball in the Cap:-
This game is played as follows:- The players place their caps, crowns downward, in a row at the bottom of a wall. A circle of about fifteen ft. diameter is made on the ground with stones. Suppose A has the ball. He stands back fifteen paces from the row of caps and rolls a ball towards the caps. Suppose the ball enters B's cap, B rushers to get the ball. A runs round the ring. B tries to hit him with the ball. If he succeeds, a small pebble is placed in A's cap. If the thrower of the ball misses the caps, a stone is placed in his own cap, etc. The

Rounders:-This game can be played by any number of boys and girls, equal sides of course.
[Drawing] - Rounders Accompanying diagram gives a rough sketch of this game as played by rural children. Dimensions vary as to space available for playing. Suppose two teams of six each take part in a game. The X's represent one team, and the O's the other. Suppose the O's take first "in s". Positions are taker as above. The O in the small circle hits a ball

The soft pith was scooped out from a straight branch, and the stone of haws were blown through by means of the mouth.
Elder cribs to trap birds were also made, as follows:- Four elder sticks were bound together as in sketch A.[Drawing] - Sketch A This process was again repeated, with each successive four sticks shorter than the previous four, so that when the crib was complete it looked like a little tapering house [Drawing] - Sketch B A gabhlóg was then placed supporting the crib with one side only resting on the ground. A sally rod was bent around the gabhlóg, and crumbs were scattered inside. The marauding robin or sparrow, or thrush, usually alighted on the little sally rod bow, which bent, displacing the gabhlóg, and causing the crib to fall flat on the ground, imprisoning the bird inside. Boys spent very much of their spare time at this hobby, and each boy had about a dozen cribs. Then they used "make a round" of their cribs each morning, set in concealed places, to see what they had caught over-night. Traps for rabbits and hares were made in the ordinary way:- [Drawing] - Rabbit trap - Light wire - Peg in ground Turnips were scooped out, two holes cut out to