never make it too hot. Your own common seuse should be able to tell you how warm it should be when it is going on. If there was a poultice put on any part of your own body and it was too hot you wouldn't like it. You know the way it would make you suffer, and it is just the same with a horse. A poultice is often put on cold. If you want a poultice to cool down whatever part of the animal that's heated up one of the best poultices that you could put on is bran and cold water. Get as much bran as you want; put it in a basin, and put as much cold water in on it as will make the size of poultice that you need. You'll want to put water on it now and then because its liable to get dried up, and it would be no use if it got dry. The water will keep it damp and soft.

There is one thing I want to tell you about pulling on a poultice on a horse. If you are putting it on the leg you should never tie it on too tight, for if you did, the blood wouldn't be able to get down to the foot. The way that I'd put a poultice on the leg is as good a way as any. I'd cut the "food" off an old stocking, and pull it in over the hoof and pull it up to the

There are cures for that, but you won't be told what they are.

A useful dose to give him would be an ounce of powdered Catechu, two drachms of Cascarilla Bark, an ounce of Alum, and as much Trestle and Liquorice powder as would make a ball. Give him a ball of that twice and day till he gets well.

melt the two together, and you put in half a drachm of powdered cantharides and stir it through the mixture when it is getting cool. Put it on as hot as the animal would be able to bear. Cover it over with pieces of tow. They will stick to it and keep it in its place. If you haven't any pitch you can use resin instead. Either will do. Some people, before they put on this plaster, rub over the part with two ounces of Canada Balsam - This is the pure Turpentine - and a half ounce of Arnica leaves. The two are melted and mixed with some spirits of Turpentine - not very much - just a little. They put on this rub lightly, and then they come on with the plaster that I'm after telling you about.

Sometimes you will see a horse passing blood through his urine.

strain is. You should give them all the rest you can. I wouldn't walk a horse till the strain was cured. If the strain comes in the back sinew you must get the black smith to put on a high-heeled shoe. The part where the strain is could be blistered or you could put on a rub. A good rub is made up from even quantities of oil and harts-horn. A real good think when you find them first is to put out a poultice of linseed oil. You should give him a change of feeding, and you should keep him idle for a fortnight or three weeks or a month or more if necessary. A yard covered with straw or a loose box would be a good place to put him till he gets well. The high-heeled shoe should be taken off when the strain is gone. There is an old remedy for a strain at the back of the sinew: - Five ounces of pitch and one ounce of yellow wax. You

Some people bleed a horse that is suffering from strains. They bleed them about the part where the

There is many a horse that's not doing well - it's not "Taking to its food," and you often put that doon to debility or weakness of the stomach. For the like of that you couldn't give much better than this dose: - Twenty grains of Calomel, one drachm of aloes, one drachm of powdered ginger, one drachm of powdered Cascarilla, mixed with three drachms of Castile Soap. You would have to add as much syrup as would make it into a ball. You can give one of these balls every second night, but if the horse isn't too bad twice a week will be enough.

If you can't get this soap in a medical hall they'll tell you some other thing that may do as well.

For staggers I would give six ounces of ordinary salt, six drachms of Barbadoes aloes, and one ounce of flour of mustard. This is mixed up in two pints of water. This is one of the best drenches you could give a horse, and it is used by a good many people that keep horses, and they all say it is very successful.

Horses often get sore-heels from one cause or another, and you would want to put an ointment on them. There is a couple of good ointments that I know to be used, and they were both successful. One of them is made up of one drachm of super-acetate of

put it in a bottle. Cork the bottle and keep it ready for use. And when you find a horse with splints mix a pint of it with two drachms of Biniodide of Mercury, and when you cut the hair short enough put it on the part where the splints are. You want to rub it in well. You should wash the legs after that every day till the animal is better. A good wash is tincture of arnica mixed with water - anything from a dozen to fourteen or fifteen ounces of water. This wash should be put on with a brush.

There is a good blister that is often used for splints, and it makes the horse sweat, so you have to make sure that he is in a warm house and that he won't get cold after it. Get a half pound of what they call Spanish Flies. This in a powder and steep it in olive oil - three quarts of olive oil for three weeks or so. Strain it off at the end of three weeks,

Some horses take gripes, and you can cure them with five quarts of gruel mixed with half a pound of Epsom salts. Or, if you like, you can put in a pound and a half of ordinary, common salt instead of the Epson salts. Have it 96 Fahrenheit, and syringe it into the beast.

You add as much syrup as will make sixteen balls, and give one of them every night.

is good for skin-disease. It is a half pint of oaten meal, a half pint of linseed meal, four ounces of powdered charcoal, all mixed with as much old ale and bran as would make as big a poultice as you need. Some people put on a poultice of linseed meal and a table-spoonful of yeast mixed with boiling water. You may use as much of the linseed meal as you wish, and if you haven't linseed meal you may use oaten meal. This is a good poultice. Some horse dealers use a poultice of seraped carrots, and more of them make a poultice of turnips. They boil the turnips first and then mash them up, and put this on as a poultice. Here is a recipe that I got for skin-disease: three ounces of powdered ginger; five ounces of emetic tartar, and an ounce of opium.

If you have a horse standing out in the winter time, and if the weather is cold, and you bring him and put him in a very warm stable, he will take greasy-heels, or if he is working or drinking hard and at the end of the day or the end of the journey you bathe or wash the legs with cold water, the same thing will happen. There are different ways of treating a horse that has greasy-heels. Some people treat them with a solution of nitrate of silver - eight or nine or ten grains to the ounce - in distilled water. You apply this to the affected parts, and if you don't find an improvement you may after a little time put on a

to send for a vet, and he'll soon tell you whether anything can be done for the horse or not.

If a horse gets a bad bruise, or a kick from another horse, you should also foment it. And when you have that done you should was it with warm water and poultice it. A good poultice can be made from bran and warm water. You use as much bran as will make a fairly thick paste, and you add as much linseed meal as will make it sticky. You then mix all together in one or two ounces of sweet oil.

the legs the same mixture may be used, and you'll have good results from it. A first class remedy for saddle-galls or galls caused by the harness is to foment it. If you find an abscess you should open it, and make sure that it is kept open till the last of the "badness" is gone from it.

it isn't what you'd call chronic, dissolve two ounces of gum arabic in a pint of boiling water; add an ounce of laudanum, and twenty five drops of oil of pepperment, and bottle it into him every night and morning till he gets better. If it is a ease of chronic diarrhoea put an ounce of gum arabic, an ounce of poudered chalk, and half an ounce of laudanum, in eight ounces of peppermint water, and give this night and morning till he is cured.

If a horse takes diarrhoea, and

Horses are liable to take fever.

of clay make a good "filling". Mix them well together and tick the mixture on to the hoof. If there are any wounds or pricks on the hoof you could add a little bit of tar to the clay and cow-dung. Another good "filling" would be two parts of hand grease and one part of oil of turpentine mixed together. In that case you get bits of tow and dip them in the mixture, and pack them into the hoof. And you tie them on firmly with strong strips of cloth or something that will keep them in their place. There is such a thing as fever of the feet, and in that case you apply a mixture made up of four parts of linseed meal, one part of tar, and a half ounce of white vitriol. This keeps down the fever.

The first thing to do is to wash them well. Don't delay. Wash them

Go to a Medical Hall and get two ounces of Nitric Acid and an

Carrots are good for a horse that has a cough. And they are also good for a horse that had fancy or skin-disease. They are mild as a purgatine and keep the animal's bowels correct. They keep to bottle him, and if he has either fancy or skin-disease I would rather give him carrots than oats.

mix them well through the ale, and give the dose as a drench. Another remedy is to get an ounce of Barbadoes aloes; grind it into a powder and dissolve it in warm water. Get an ounce and a half of tincture of opium, and three and a half ounces of Spirits of Turpentine; put these into the water along with the aloes and bottle the mixture into the horse.

A good remedy for colic in a horse is three ounces of spirits of Turpentine and one ounce of tinclure[?] of opium. Put them into a pinto of ale - warm ale;

They used to tie an old shoe to it. If it remains too long it decays.

get a pint, and a two-year old two pints. It is given according to their age. Some people would give them Linseed oil. Anything that would heal them inside is what is wanted. You give the proportions of Linseed oil according to their age.

For ordinary scour fast them, and give them a pint of castor oil. A six moths calf should only get a naggin; a yearling should

There are people have private cures for Ringworm but they won't tell you what they are. Sam Hall, of Bailieboro, has a private cure for it. I heard of powdered blue-stone being put on it, but it must have been very severe.

Some people say that Blood-murrain and Red-water is the same thing, but that is not correct. Blood-murrain comes out of the manure-passage, and red-water comes out of the urine-passage. Blood-murrain and blood-scour is the same thing. I would give a gallon of mulled porter, with some ground ginger in it, for Blood-murrain.

My experience is that what will

water. You might have to keep pouring on the cold water for a whole day.

An excellent remedy for hard udder is to rub it with liquid McDoodle's Dip, but not too much of it. It will cure any "Start" if it is got in time. Draw the udder as much as possible. Keep it well drawn. Don't let any of the Dip get down to the spius. Keep it up on the udder. A lot of people cure them with hot bathing. This has to be kept up for several hours. Cold bathing is the best. Have the cow near a water tap, and with the aid of a hose pour plenty of cold water on to the udder. Empty the udder out and continue pouring on the cold

changes it into milk, and if there is not enough of it in the chamber some of the pure blood gets into the udder and appears along with the milk. I don't know any remedy for it. We let them wait till they get better.

This is not a bad sign of the cow. All the milk is blood at first, and there is a chamber where it is changed into milk. There is certain stuff in the chamber that

Jey's fluid or lamp-oil is very good for destroying vermin or cattle you should sprinkle the beast with water before you rub on the lamp-oil or, else, you should add water to it, otherwise it would take the hair off. You have to repeat the application eight days afterwards.

turn it would put the potato out of her throat. Let her out and give her a quick turn' round, and if the potato doesn't go then you may get a tube to shove it down.

None of those things are real preventatives, but there is at present a genuine preventative give by Vots and injected into them. It comes in tubes. This stuff really gives them a mild dose of black-leg, and they won't take it for at least twelve months. If you keep giving them the doses of nitre they won't be very much subject to it after they come to be a rear and a half. It would be a good thing to make a little cut on them, for as long as the cut is there they won't take black-leg

I cured one cow of Blood-scour. I gave her about a half gallon of mulled porter (boiled porter), and it cured her. I put some ground-ginger in it - about a handful.

If you could give her a quick

There are people that tie a horse-shoe to it, but you would be better to let it alone and it will drop in time. The least quacking in that case the better.

this is often caused by some old stuff that is lying in them, and physics will get get rid of it and cure them. Some people get an old, rusty horse-shoe and put it in the fire till it is hot. And when it is hot they throw it into about a pint of sweet milk and let it cool, and when it is cool they take it out and give the milk to the beast to drink, and it will cure her.

make it into little balls and put them at the butt of the tongue, and let them swallow them. You would have to do this a few times till they would get soft. The butter will bring about a gradual softening.

should get half a pint. Some farmers give them one and a half pounds of treacle and a pound of soft sugar.

For red-water a good cure is a fistful of salt in about a mug of buttermilk. Any dose like that is no good unless you give them plenty of drinks after it. If they don't drink bottle it into them in about an hour and a half after they get the dose of salt and buttermilk. If you don't give them plenty of water the disease will go to their head, and they will go mad and they will die.

people put tobacco powder on the skin, and more people use heating's powder.

There are two cures for a "start." If you find it in time bathe the udder constantly with hot water. Some people say hot water is best and some prefer cold water. One remedy is to rub castor oil to it. Too much castor oil will blister it. Some people rub in lard and nitre. If you get it in time and bathe it continually for twenty four hours it will get well.

There is a difference of opinion about the way to treat dry murrain. Some people favour a half pint of linseed oil or a pint of it. It is given according to the size of the animal. Two or three year olds should get a pint and anything younger

The old people used to rub "o Sunday ashes" to it - that is the ashes that they collected from the fire-place on o Sundays. Some

I have a good remedy for that. Take three or four iron-spoonfuls of bead-soda; put it in a bottle; put water in it and shake it, and bottle it into them while it is phizzing. It gives them gread relief.

Give a half glass of turpentine through two glasses of linseed oil. Give it to them fasting every morning till they get well. Keep them in at night, and give them some hay or oats, and only let them out when the grass is dry.

I'd give her doses of linseed oil or ordinary salt. They should be kept away from other cattle as it is a contagious disease.

What I would do with a "tail-eater" or a beast that eats rags and old leather, is

they are pumped up with an ordinary bicycle pump. When you have the spines well pumped up you have to tie them to keep in the wind. It appears that the glands get closed up in the udder, and that the milk instead of coming down in the ordinary way comes through the blood. You would get a rag and dip it in cold water and put it "constantly" on top of the head between the horns. This would be on top of the brain and keeps the inflamation from rising.

Boil about a half gallon of flour in sweet milk, and bottle it into the beast every two or three hours till the scour has ceased.

Lard is rubbed to the spines and

There is a special tube for shoving down a potato that is choking a cow. It is put down into the throat and shoves the potato into the stomach.

For abortion they used to give half a spoonful of sulphur, two ounces of cream o' tartar, and half an ounce of nitre. This was supposed to be successful, and it was good for the blood.

They used to blow powdered alum through a quill into the eyes of the beast. This was a very good remedy. I heard of glass being broken up as fine as dust and mixed with the alum and blown into the eye.

In older times the bewitchment of cattle happened over and over again, and there were people that could "make a thread" to "cure" it. One way of undoing the damage was to get some of the clothing of the person that was suspected of "over-lacking" the cow, and burn it under the cow's nose.

when you give them treatment to clean the blood you should syringe them with a solution of bread-soda - just as much bread-soda as would slightly colour the water. Do that before they come in season again or just as they are coming in season.

We would rub them with Jey's fluid, dilluted with water.

When any of our cattle had worms in them what we used to dose them with was the male ferrin capsule or lime water, and dose them with either.

What they used to do 'round here was to tie an old boot or an old weight on it. Some of them would be able to take it out with their hand. It should be separated from the walls of the calf bed. Catch the "cord" with the left hand and separate it with the right hand. You pull it out by the "cord" when it is all separated.

The water forms up in the big bag.

The only cure that ever I saw for swelling in the stomach was they would chew tobacco and shove it up in the rectum. And, whatever would take place, it would put the wind out in two minutes.

of bulls is good in that case. Some people give her milk that was milked from another cow after coming from the bull.

They used to bring a sterile heifer to a different bull. A change

The ailment would be something like the blane. They cut the roof of the mouth with a pen-knife. They would put ordinary dirt up in the nostrils, and cut the roof of the mouth.

What I always gave for dry-murrain was two bottles of ale and two pounds of treacle and dose the beast with it. Next day I would give about a pound of salts. I would give it in a day for two.

The best cure that I know for red-water is a half-pint of lamp-oil poured into the animal. There is another cure, two bottles of ale and two pounds of treacle. Some people give them salts, and some do not. You give them one dose of the lamp oil, or one dose of the treacle. If the water does not clear give them five or six pounds of bad, salty batter. Give it to them in a couple of days after the lamp-oil or the ale and treacle. It is "a tick" that causes it.

There is no cure for a wind-broken horse. Too much hay of a bad quality will cause it. A good thing is to feed them on straw and give them good, healthy water. Don't give them bulky feeding. Give them very little hay. Oats is good for them, so are bran mashes, but don't give them too much water.

OTHER AILMENTS
Other ailments dealt with by same informant are referred to and recorded in previous note-book.

DIARRHOEA IN CALVES
A cure for diarrhoea in calves or pigs is two ounces of

CHOKING BY POTATO
Get a tube-there is a tube for the purpose-and "tube her"- put it down her throat and push the potato into her stomach if it can't be taken out with the hand.

BLACK-LEG (AGAIN)
The old people used to do a comical thing when a calf died from Black-leg. They carved off the quarter that was affected, and they put it in a bag and hung it from a peg that they had up in the chimney. They held the belief that as long as it was up the chimney no other beast belonging to them would have Black-leg.

morning give him an ounce of castor oil, and the third day give him another ounce. That is what we do.

Farmer Shoots a Woman
A woman entered a farm belonging to a neighbor, in county Limerick, probably for the purpose of placing eggs in his hay (as in piseóg). For any case it was for some purpose of the kind. He saw her and went to his house for a shotgun. He fired at her, and mortally wounded her. He was arrested, tried in court, and acquitted. It appeared that the law took a very serious view of the evil practice for which she was shot. He was rather common in that district and extended as far as Kanturk. In recent times it has extended to Boherbue and has been strongly denounced by the parish priest in a special sermon. In some instances the eggs have been found in a garden. One man who dug out of one of them (when digging potatoes) called another & said - "Look at the phenomenon I found!"

There was one of them who was unable to put one of his legs forward. Still he always walked about, and managed to move along at a surprising speed, considering his handicap.

Woman Mistaken for Ghost
A woman who lived at the eastern side of Boherbue parish some years ago had a daughter who was grown up, and the lady[?] wanted to go to Boherbue dance-hall on Sunday night. Her mother warned her not to go, or if she did, she would regret it. The daughter wanted to get her own way but failed. She got ready at the usual time and went off unnoticed. But she did not go to the hall; instead she went to her aunt's house and spent the night with her cousins. Her mother thought she had gone to the hall, so she dressed up and came along in the direction of Boherbue. She halted when about half a mile from the village, and remained near the fence, to await the arrival of her daughter. It was night, of course, at that time. After some time she heard some boys and girls coming along the road and, as she did not want to be seen, she hid behind the nearest gate. When they had passed by she came out again. Then an old man of about seventy years came alone, accompanied by his nephew. They had gone to a play in the hall and were returning home. She went inside the gate again and waited, to let them pass.

Fish-Curing at Inishbofin.
According to my informant, this island was ever the scene of huge fishing fleets. There were two large curing stations here- one at East End, and the other at the pier-head of Bofin Harbour, and yet another branch of the latter station operating on the islet of glacp-oileán (?) which stands in the centre of the channel between the pier and the opposite littoral. The curing and drying of ling was carried on extensively on this islet. Ling and other species of fish- mackerel and herring-

Lobstering.
This man says that lobstering was introduced here by a fisherman who was a native of Ennismore (a peninsula, south west of Clifden Town). This was about 120 years ago, his father being a young man at the time. [Patrick Scuffle (79), of bloonamore, Inishbofin, is the author of this; he was told it by his own father.]

Customs: On one occasion I accompanied a young man who was going milking cows; and this is what I saw him do:- as soon as he had finished milking each cow, he dipped his thumb in the milk and made the sign of the Cross with his thumb on the cow's thigh. [The foregoing are the result of personal observation, while in the island of Inishbofin, (Cleggan), Co. Galway.].

Superstition
a faint trace of superstition still prevails here. I, for instance, having entered a house occupied by very up-to-date people, was taking my departure by a different doorway, when the woman of the house intercepted me and bade me go out the door through which I entered. The superstition being, that one should always have the same door as one's only mode of ingress and egress for any occasion.

Little Doranne
There was a farmer long ago, and long ago it was; and he went to the fair. He left his daughter in the house; and when he came back, she was stolen. They searched high up and low down and in every place for her and couldn't get - until Doranne spoke. Doranne was the farmer's son, and he was always in the cradle; he never grew at all. And he said that he'd get her if they put a pair of shoes on himself. So they did. They dressed him up, and put the shoes on him and a stick in his hand; and he walked away in search of his sister. And the first drove o' cattle he met he asked who were they belonged to, and the men that was minding them said they belonged to Giant o' Canal (?), that stole the King's daughter he beats her, he bangs her, ten times a day, and there is no one to save her but Little Doranne that sleeps in the cradle ever so long. He walked away then, another good while, and he met a drove o' sheep and a man takin' care o' them. And he asked who were they belonged to, and the man said they belonged to Giant o' Canal that stole the King's

Funeral Customs.
The coffin is carried to the cemetery by placing two short posts underneath and fastening them with ropes: the ends of the posts are then held by four men, - two on either side of the coffin. Up to about forty years ago the following custom also prevailed on funeral days:- the grave was never opened until the corpse arrived at the cemetery; it is then that grave-diggers would begin operations. In the meantime the coffin was placed on a little elevation in the cemetery, which elevation was known as "Creuyeán a' Ćuirp"; so called because of the corpse being placed there, as it was the custom then, as now, to distribute clay-pipes and tobacco in the wake-house, amongst those present, it was at that time also customary for the occupants of the wake-house to bring all the remaining pipes and tobacco to the cemetery at a certain spot in which a fire was prepared and all the smoking population congregated around the fire: then the pipes and tobacco were