landlady what was her 'charge'. She told him, mossa, an' said "I hope ye liked the tea." "Wisha" says Paddy "Gra mo chree" the Congo tay" but may the devil sweep the "sweeten to yere likin'". 'Twas worse with ould Nell Collin 'begorr'. Ould Nell bough a half pound o' tay from a 'tay-man'. They used be goin' round the country that time tryin' to sell it. Poor ould Nell never say 'tay' before, an' she didn't know no more than the man in the moon how to make it; an' another thing she was too 'damn' grand an' big in herself to ask the "tay-man" how to make it. She only pretended she had the 'devil' of a bargain an' that she knew more about it than the 'tay-man' himself. Well, why, she said to herself she wouldn't touch it till ould Sean would come in from work in the evenin' an' they would have it for their supper instead of the stirabout. So she got the 'skillet' ready, 'scrope' an'

There was a man be the name of Clifford going to build a shop above at the chapel gate where the curate's house is now and he had it partly built but some of the people didn't like it to be there at all. Wan night there was a crowd coming from the fair at Bartlemy and they half drunk and they went in and pulled out every board he had inside. Next day he put them in again, but they tore them out again, and as fast as he'd put them in. In the end he gave it up altogether

Wisha, 'tis long 'go ould Paddy Mickey went to Cork of a day. There was no trains that time, an' indeed the people didn't want 'em 'either' for 'tis they were able to walk. The journey from this to Cork wasn't much to Paddy Mickey, although he was ould at the time. But anyway when he had his bit o' business done, he felt hungry. An' in with him to a 'cook-shop'. He said to the Landlady he wanted something to 'ate'. 'Very well' she says

for a Druid'a altar. So you see we can trace our history from out pagan forefathers. The only games I ever remember or hear the old people talk about was running, bowling, an' cardplaying. Bowling an' cardplaying were the two favorite games. Yes, there was some good runners here too. I know the names of a lot o'fields in the townland. There's Markie's field, where the ould people said Bill Markie had gold buried. There's the Pedlars field, where they say a poor ould Pedlar was murdered long ago an' buried where he fell. There's "Páirc a Phíobhra" Páirc a Moll Fínín", "Páirc a Data", "Páirc a Luchtrun", an' a lot more o' Irish names but I can't think o' them now. Yes. Cill Colmáin was in the ancient parish o' Desertserges, 'tis Enniskean parish not. The last Parish Priest o' Desert Serges was

Sprain: The best cure for a sprain is to pull the persons foot by holding it by the heel and toes and while pulling the foot you say the following words : Leonadh é seo? Ní headh ach gortú' Leonadh é seo? Ní headh ach gortú' Leonadh é seo? Ní headh ach gortú' The person with the sprained foot lies on the ground while the other one is pulling his foot. Scab: The sap of the mountain ash is the best cure for scab. To be bathed in, and a cloth wrapped around it as a poultice. Miorror: The mirror or looking glass the people had long ago was a pot of clear water and to see their shadow down in it. Polish It is the polish they had was to scrape the dust down off the pot with a knife and holding a lid with the other hand under it.

be 'stirring' for the road, they'd 'gout' an' see what way would the wine be, for they'd never start off without having the wind to their backs. I remember wan morning they were starting off, an' the jennet had a shoe lost an' the same morning the smith was out. So wan o' the young lads gave under putting on the shoe. "Well," says the ould lad, "did ye put it on Paddy?" "Begorra, I did" says Paddy. "I drove four nails alright, but the fifth wan came out on me." Oh no. I don't remember to have the first National School be built. It was built between fifteen an' twenty years before my time. The teacher in my time was John Deasy. There was two teachers before his time. The "máistirín" was the first national teacher in Cill Colmáin. The next was the Humpy. The Humpy was the first to teach when the school was built. It was in an old workman's

it doesn’t happen in all cases, but it does in some cases. Small farmers in Meath don’t sell out their stock but Protestants that have big farms do.

After “the head of a house” died the cattle on his or her lands were said to pine away and die, therefore, when the owner of the place died all the stock were taken out and sold as soon as possible after the death took place. That is NOT so in this locality, but it is very common among “the PLANTERS” up in Meath. It is not so much in East Cavan, but in a number of cases in Meath they would sell out the whole stock and buy in new stock. It happens around Cavan town and parts of West Cavan, but it is not general in East Cavan. I mean

A raven flying near the home of a sick person was looked upon by the old people as an omen of approaching death.

the morning than at any other time. We call it “The Zero Hour,” in this country.

Can you give any information, or written guarantee towards selling the tobbacco. No said the tobbacco dealer unless this man produces the piece I gave him. Well said the high judge can you be able to get the piece of tobbacco this gentleman sold to you? No your worship said the man for most of it is gone in blue smoke by this, and when I haven't it all together it is no proof. Well I am sorry said the judge to the dealer you come under the leash and if you cannot get the amount of tobbacco he wants you must give him the value of it in money. The distance between those two places is roughly two hundred and eighty miles, and, a mile of tobbacco will amount to a big sum, let alone two hundred and eighty. Well said the tobbacco dealer I hope you wont be hard on me, as I didn't understand him right. I pity you said the high judge, but I have to settle the case, and being fair and reasonable with you I order you to pay two thousand pounds to your client, which is only a fraction

yourself was so bad-minded to think of it. Good and well brother of my heart, everything went off quietly until the day of the court, and the tobbacco dealer had him bound on each way by his solicitors as he thought, and sure he thought nothing of the other man. The trial was on by this and both men were present. The judge was silent listening to what they had to say, and who came in to appear for the Ballycastle man but Daniel O'Connell so he had no need to say anything except what Daniel would say. Well said Daniel O'Connell I have taken this mans case in my hands, and I have heard about the other man's case as well. Your worsip said Dan. This man came into this man's shop (pointing to the dealer) and he asked for as much tobbacco as would go from the thumb of his right hand to the toe of his right foot, and also asked him the price of it, and he told him, and then he gave him a receipt (which he can produce) paid for the said amount, and this man told him it wasn't long enough, and he (the dealer) said it was, and this man

O' Kate with Gods almighty help We'll set old Ireland free IV Then place my good scian in its shield Soon may its glittering seen Be stained with the blood of three who shamed our holy green. One kiss a stóir perhaps no more You'll see grádh geal mo chroidhe For I'm away to Sliab na mban To make old Ireland free.

Chorus:- For some the ash handle blade but the rifle brown give me For I'm away to Sliabh na mBan To set old Ireland free. II The boys from old Tipperary town Are tremping now thru' Cahir and Pad M'Guire and Seán Ó Duíbhir They surely too are there. And big Ned Casey of from Grange O Kate you soon will see On spite of all those Saxon laws We'll make old Ireland free. Chorus:- III The boys of rebel Cork why Kate They are camped beside Clonmel The Limerick boys are on the field prepared for shot and shell. And Wexford's best are on the road Led in by Seán McGuire

Kate hand me down my cóta mór for the wind blows cold and thrill and angry blows the winter blast Across the brown base hill. No more I'll wait for Tom M'Grath No beggard I will be While beasts and lands one wanted kate To make old Ireland free.

Many years ago a funeral of fairies came from some fort in the parish of Cloone. The party crossed Graffy hill and they continued to march on the "Fenagh road" until they came to Fenagh. When the procession reached the burial ground at Fenagh the last of the procession was only Cloone side of Graffy hill. The procession was four miles long. On their way to Fenagh they met a man and he said "God Speed Ye" and he got past them safely. When they were passing by a corn mill which was situated near the place where Pat Tiernan is living, a man named Sean Gasta was drying oats in the kiln and he stood looking at them without a word. They wanted to give him a fright and to put him from looking at them, so they laid down their

One night about nineteen or twenty years ago three young men were coming from a dance and about half a mile from Foxfield chapel they met a priest dressed in the clothes he dresses in when he is saying mass running towards the chapel. They became frightened and they never stopped running till they came home and from that day to this neither of the three men ever went outside the house after sunset. When they came home the three went to the same house and and the one who lived in the house lit a candle to get something for them to eat and when one of them saw the light he fainted and it was over four months before he was able to go out by himself.

Bhí fear bocht thiar i ndún chuinn fado shoin is do bhí lán tighe de mhuirear air is gan puinn aige le tabhairt le nithe dhóibh mara bhfaigdis plaidi nó bairnig. Ní raibh luid den éadach féin ortha ach giobail. Seadh bhí an nodlaig a déanamh air is gan aon trúil le haon fhoírthint is n'feadair sé ead ba mhaith dho a dheanamh. Aon lá amháin do tairrig sé amach a chapaillín bán is a shrathar fhada is d'imigh sé air síos amach chún contae luimnigh. Do caradh isteach i dtig lá é is ní raibh istigh riomis ach beann. Do bheannuigheadar fhein don a chéile. "Cad as go dtáingír anios," ars an bhean. "Do thánga ós na flaithis anios," ars an fear "Ó a chroidhe deoil," ars an bhean. Mhaise

Once upon a time, there lived a great king who had these cows. One day he called the sons around him and said, "whichever of you bring me the nicest bird I will give him my palace and dominions." The three sons started off to see which of them would get the nicest bird. They travelled until they came to a cross-roads. The two elder brothers went, one to the right and one to the left. The younger one, "Jack" started up a narrow path which led to a forest. He travelled through this for many fays until at last he came in sight of a great mansion. After a while, he arrived at the gate and went up to the door and knocked. The opnened and he was greeted with the words, "you are welcome, Jack,

There is a story told in the neighborhood, of how Prince Connla son of great King Conn the Hundred Fighter was carried off by a fairy from the western shore in a crystal boat to Moy-Mell. This story is about a thousand years old. One day as the store relates while the King and Connla and many nobles were standing on

2. To get a drop of water an put it boiling in a saucepan and get a pinch of tea and throw it against the water when it is boiling and give it to the person to drink as it is 5. Dogs If a person had a lump on their neck that they couldn't cure to get the first pup of the first litter and open the pup alive and put him to the lump and leave him to it as long as possible. To boil new-milk from the cow and put soap and sugar through it and put it to a boil as a plaster, it would cure it. 8. For children that used have a sorehead the used to get ivy leaves and sow them together in a cap and put them to the head. The só-feárna was used for a pain in the stomach or a bad stomach to make you throw up. You'd pick a big fist-full between your two hands and boil it in water until it would be only one bowel-full and then leave the water cool and drink it. 3. If you get the white clay in the bottom of a bog under the turf and take a handful of it and win it with new milk and boil them up and give them

2. To get a drop of water an put it boiling in a saucepan and get a pinch of tea and throw it against the water when it is boiling and give it to the person to drink as it is 5. Dogs If a person had a lump on their neck that they couldn't cure to get the first pup of the first litter and open the pup alive and put him to the lump and leave him to it as long as possible. To boil new-milk from the cow and put soap and sugar through it and put it to a boil as a plaster, it would cure it. 8. For children that used have a sorehead the used to get ivy leaves and sow them together in a cap and put them to the head. The só-pésrna was used for a pain in the stomach or a bad stomach to make you throw up. You'd pick a big fist-full between your two hands and boil it in water until it would be only one bowel-full and then leave the water cool and drink it. 3. If you get the white clay in the bottom of a bog under the turf and take a handful of it and win it with new milk and boil them up and give them

Nóta: The 'Bar' is a part of the sea that is very rough and is near Rossbeigh Strand, Glenbeigh, Co. Kerry, no boats ever cross at the 'Bar', because the people still believe of that great danger, which is supposed to exist there.

were the three loveliest little children that were ever seen on land or on sea. Every morning a Rón (seal) used to come to near the shore, calling, but the mermaid used to hear his calling, and she used to say, "Dia lem' chroidhe, seo Tadhg agus é im' lorg, agus marbháchaidh sé mé." The Rón used to go back again to his home when he could not see his partner or "wife". The people also used to wonder, or could not know what was the matter with the Rón every morning, but they thought that he was in trouble. In a few years later, O'Séaghdha was cleaning down a lócra, and of course he had forgotten about the mermaid's cloak. He was cleaning away all the dust, and he struck against the cloak, and down it fell in the kitchen. The mermaid snatched it immediately, and on with it went

So begor he said that it would be a great thing to catch her. So he went this evening at dusk to get at the woman at "Cloch na Brúch " and when he came to the place he saw no one. He waited on there for some time and if he did the Brúch did not come & he never saw her after. He told me that he had very good luck after seeing her on the bank & that he used to catch a good lot of fish & that when he used to be going along the river he used to hear sweet songs near Cloch na Brúch but he never saw the brúch from that day on.

I used to hear my father to say that when he used to be fishing along the banks of the Suir he used to see this woman and he used to be looking at her. She was half a woman and half a fish. The upper part of her was a woman and other part of her was a fish.

power was gone, as they lay all in the mantle. The man hid the cloak carefully and brought the lady home with him and they were married soon after. There were seven children born for them. One day, the man resolved that he would hide the cloak in a different place as he was always afraid that his wife would find the cloak and she would go into the lake again and desert him. The youngest son saw him hiding this gorgeous mantle and he was so much astonished at its wonderful beauty that he told his mother about it and where his father concealed it. So he made the little boy to bring her that garment, that it was hers, which he did. Then she said to her seven children that they would have a day's out by this lake so they all went with her. She stood with them on a hill called, "Cnoc-an-Cornia", struck them with her magic wand and changed them into seven rocks

Nearly every second townland in years gone by they'd have a half-tierce of there Patrick's Night and they'd have a dance all night and a supper. I suppose tis the half-tierce they'd call the Pota Naomh Pádruig.

They must have bloc na nodlag in the fire always on Christmas Eve, a good block of fir and where the fir wouldn't be they'd have a block of oak and where they wouldn't have oak they'd have ash. They'd be talking a week before-hand of the bloc na nodlag and getting one.

Bhí buachaill annseo an uair amháin, ar a bhaile seo, agus ní rabh aige ach é fhéin agus a shean-mhathair. Ní rabh talamh nó tráigh aca, ach bothán beag toighe. Ní raibh aon ghléas beo air, ach ag iasgaireacht. Smaoitigh sé lá amháin, go rachfadh sé go h-aonach Árd a' Ratha, go go gceannaidheadh sé sé líon, fá choinne gléasarthaí iasgaireacht a dhéanamh, sin dorgaí, agus líonta. Chuaidh sé ’un aonaigh, agus nuair a fuair sé an rud a bhí a dhith air, bhí sé a siubhal thart, agus ní duine ar bith dá rabh ar an aonach, a raibh aithne aige air, a labhairfeadh sé leóbhtha. Chuaidh cailín óg thart leis, agus dar leis go rabh

Is 'na dtig a deireadh a' sagart an chéad Aifreann gach ao' mhaidean Domhnaigh. Bhí ana-chlú ar Shéamas i dtaobh a nirt agus a réiceamhlacht, Ní dhéineadh sé pioc sa bhaile ach ag imtheacht gach aon lá ag iasgaireacht agus a' rás agus a' gabháil dos gach aon spórt agus cleas dá mbíodh ar siúbhal san áit. Bhí rás bád acu i n-Eochaill lá agus bhí Seamus ag iomar' i gceann acu. Bhuaidh muintir Shéamais a' rás ach deallraighean sé ná raibh ó fhuirinn a' dara báid é thabhairt dóibh. Dh'eirigh eadtora agus san argóint dóibh léim Séamus amach ar a' dtráigh, rug sé ar lomadh ar bhata rámha bhí 'ge. - agus bataí rámha fada, troma bhíodh sna báid sin acu - agus bhí 'á chasadh tímpal a chinn mar a dhéanfá le bata beag láimhe, agus dubhairt leis an ndream eile dá dtiocfadh gíog eile as a mbéal go sgiobfadh sé an ceann des gach aon diabhal fir acu. Bhí gach aon fear chomh ciúin le luich agus ar mh'anam gur b'iad a bhailigh leo go maol chluasach. Bhí Mac Aoidh lá eile agus bhí cruithneacht acu

Timpal cheithe fichid bliain ó shin bhí fear gur bh'ainm do Séamas Mac Aoidh 'na chomhnuidhe i nGleann a' Mhuilinn - baile fearainn athá i bParóisde Bhaile Mhacóda. Bhí mac a dhriothár san áit chéadna go dtí a bhfuil le dhá bhliain déag. Maireann sé sin fós thuas i n-aice le Caisleán ua Liatháin. Bhí feirm céad acra ag Seamas so agus ag a dhriothár agus daoine "móra" ab ea iad.

In the townland of Cornaroy lived a family named Devine, who were Protestants. An advertisement appeared in the Daily Independent for two shop assistants in the town of Roscommon. The two Devine boys replied to the advertisement and were accepted for the positions of shop assistants. Their boss was named O'Toole and a Catholic, so was his other four assistants. The Devines after a few weeks in their new position began to think that the boss did not want them, and that they might be turned home at any time. The boss used to call in the four Catholic boys into a private room every night, and give out the Rosary, whilst the two Devine Brothers used to wait outside. I wonder said one of the Devines to the other, does the boss and the four Catholic boys be talking about us every night when they go into that private room. One of the Brothers volunteered to remain concealed near the private room, to

There was a boy once and he was serving his time alone in the wild mountain where no human being was next or near him. This was a place owned by a rich gentleman and he had thousands of acres of rough land. The heather was so thick and long that you couldn't see a rabbit or a hare running through it. They were as plentiful in it that you would pass no notice of them.

Bhí fear bocht thiar i ndún chuinn fado shion is do bhí lán tighe de mhuirear air is gan puinn aige le tabhairt le nithe dhóibh mara bhfaigdis plaidi nó bairnig. Ní raibh luid den éadach féin ortha ach giobail. Seadh bhí an nodlaig a déanamh air is gan aon trúil le haon fhoírthint is n'feadair sé ead ba mhaith dho a dheanamh. Aon lá amháin do tairrig sé amach a chapaillín bán is a shrathar fhada is d'imigh sé air síos amach chún contae luimnigh. Do caradh isteach i dtig lá é is ní raibh istigh riomis ach beann. Do bheannuigheadar fhein don a chéile. "Cad as go dtáingír anios," ass an bhean. "Do thánga ós na flaithiv anios," ass an fear "Ó a chroidhe deoil," ass an bhean. Mhaise

The used do an awful lot of poaching after salmon around this place long along. They do it still, but not quite so much now, as about 30 years ago. They used have a torch and a spear after them. The torch was made from, a straight piece of deal timber, and a bag wound around the end of it, with plenty oil in it. The river there under TinnyCarrig, any amount of salmon come up there to spawn in the winter time. There was a crowd of fellows there at the Bridge of Ballynaboola wan night and the peelers come on 'em. But faith they didn't catch them. They threw the two of them in the river and then hooked it; and they were never found out. Then they used make weirs in the river. Build up across the river with stones; and they leave a gap in the middle of it. Then they'd put a net across the gap, and they'd try and hunt the trout down into it. Then they used have another plan They'd get a bag and put a round hoop on the mouth of it, and a long handle out of it. Then they would put it in by the bank; and wan fellow would have a long stick and start prodding in under the bank, trying to hunt the trout into it. Then they used throw line into the water in order to kill

trout, but 'tis seldom they used do that. Well about the month of July and August a whole lot of fellows used make dabs, and go dabbing for eels. The way they used make the dab was, they'd get a big lump of worms and son was thread in and out through them. There would be no hook at all used. Then they'd have a line out of that, tied on top of a long stick. When they'd leave that down in the water, maybe you’d get two or three eels each times, the thread used hey caught in the eel's teeth and he couldn't let it go. (In Cork they call that "bobbing" for eels. A "Bob" they call the bait) Then another way for catching eels, was what they called "niggling" - "niggling for eels." A fellow would fix a hook on top a stick, about five feet long. He'd go along and he'd prod that in under the bank, and into little holes and corners. Often I seen damn fine eels caught that way. (In Kilworth, Co. cork, when we were young we used fish for eel with forks. Under the eye of the bridge over the Funcheon, at Maryville mill, we used catch hundreds of eel. It was a general pastime then in the summer time. They also use the hook on the stick - they call it a "stroke-all" t.o.c.) I saw them wan time, down in Campile, and what I seen them fishing with was a

Duck eggs are hatched the same time as hen eggs, and in almost the same way. It is very seldom that people put a duck hatching her own eggs. It is mostly hens that hatches them. It takes duck eggs four weeks to come out, and in acount of the extra week, a hen should have good hatch before she is put down on duckeggs. It is believed that the blue duck egg is the best for hatching and for that reason people who are hatching eggs are very anxious to get blue eggs. It is not any harm to wash duck eggs before they are put under the hatching hen, in fact some people say it is very good to have them washed. But hen eggs should never be put into water before they are hatched because if they are, people say the germ is destroyed in them, and they wont bring out birds.

on the house for the year.

one of them; "We should get a SCRAPER and scrape some of the dist off him." "I'll go for it," said the second fellow, but when he went a little bit to stumbled across the keg of whiskey. "What's this?" said he, and when he picked it up he found that it was a keg of whiskey. He called his comrade and told him what he had found, and the two of them took the keg back to the stables. The pair of them and the fellow that was riding the horse in the stable, started drinking the whiskey, and they drank and drank away till the rider fell off the horse and the two guards lay "stupid drunk" at the stable door. When Jack got them all drunk he went to the stable; took out the horse; opened the yard gate, and rode the animal back to his home. Some time during the day the father took the horse

a chuid fola a' pléasgadh as a thaoibh, 'S a Rí ghil na cruinne nú 'n féidir An brón so do réidhteach gan mhoill? V Tiocfaidh Mac Muire 'na lonnradh Chun breithe do thabhairt ar gach sórt, S níl anam dár cheapadh ná . chúmfars Ná go gcaithfidh siad túirling i gclódh. Lasfaidh an fharaige bhrúchtach, 'S silfidh gach dubh charraig deoir 'S nuair a shinnfidh a' t-aingeal a' trúmpa Sin gach anam 'na chomh-cholainn chóir. Tá a seacht déag de bhlianta anois ann ó sgríobhas an t-amhrán so thuas. Ní raibh puinn ceoil a' gabháil le Muiris ach bhí alán des na sean-amhráin aige. Bfearr go fada chun na sgéal é. Ba chanta 'n sgealuidhe é Ní bhíodh oíche tóraimh sa chomharsanacht ná go mbíodh súil gach aoinne anáirde leis chun é dh'aireachtaint a' fianaidheacht. Ach dá fheabhas é ní raibh ao' bhreith aige ar a athair - Seana Dháth - Ní raibh a bharr san de sgéaluidhe sa pharóisde. Cé gur fada dho fé'n gcré thá ana thrácht fós air féin agus ar a sgéalta (M.Ó F.)

As Peig was driving the cows along the field, whatever look she gave there she saw a girl, and she milking a cow on the brink of the fort. She said to herself that the cow looked to be the dead image of Cocaí, but sure that it could never be her, as they had a good deal of her ate. So the following morning, Jer was going to Cill-Aila bog again cutting turf. AS usual, the two of them rose with the break of day. Peig went to drive in the cows to be milked, and there again she saw a cow on the brink of the fort, and a girl milking her. This time, she went nearer to the fort; and to her great surprise there she saw that it was their own cow Cocaí for she had a bunch of curls like on the top of her forehead. That was the reason that they used to call her Cocaí. Poor Peig was trembling with the fear of her life to talk to the girl, who was milking Cocaí, so she continued on home with the cows. That night when Jer came home from the bog, Peig told him all the news, and

I came here from Limerick, and no one did me bring I gave some cheers for the plan of campaign, which made the courthouse ring, The shout he gave in Bray, that day, was heard in Dublin town, For Father Ryan might well know, that he should go to gaul, Long like unto that policeman, he wouldn't me arrest, I know the country all around, will see him better dressed, He tendered in his arms, his cap and jacket too, He would not me arrest, or such dirty work to do. The Priest referred to was Father Ryan who was curate in Hospital, Co Limerick. He took part in the Plan of Campaign at Herbertstown, Co Limerick. The cause for the rising there was that the farmers wanted to lower their rents under the landlords. Con Hannon (Fear Siubhal) Feenagh, Co Limerick.

An old man was waking near the village of Boherbue on one occasion. The friends and neighbours were present, and some were sitting about the fire. The old man's wife was also sitting near the fire. After awhile one man threw in a few sods of turf. "That's right" said the old man's wife, bestirring herself, "Jack always liked a bit of the fire — mhuise, everlasting fire of his soul!"

rafters of their people’s houses offerings are made on Nov 1st to the priests for special masses for the dead. And each one gives according to their means. Nov 1st is an obligation and called All Saints Day. The second of Nov is called All Souls Day and tho not a holiday there are masses said in every church for the dead in general and also for the souls of the people for whose souls offerings were made by their friends. The “ Church” also grants special indulgences to or for prayers said on All Souls’ Day in a local church or cemetery. For every visit to a church or cemetery and for every prayer said on that day for the dead and with the intention of Our Most Holy Father The Pope there are very great indulgences. A “visit” on these occasions may mean, every time we enter a church or cemetery even though we only go outside the church precints to return again.

On all Hallow Eve night when we were young we had to stay up until Twelve o’clock to eat an apple. You have to eat an apple and keep looking up at the looking glass at the same time. While you’d be looking at the mirror, and eating at the same time, the man you were going to marry was supposed to come and look over your shoulder, and you’d see him for a moment in the glass. It was often said that the “ Ould Boy “ ( the devil ) used to come out and look over the girls’ shoulder. We need to have terrible fuss about it anyway.

About ten years ago my father was going to Kenmare fair with pigs. As he was about 5 miles from home - ‘‘twas about one o’clock at night - he met a funeral coming along the road. There were women at the front, about 4 women or 5, and a lot of people afterwards. As he was advancing about 3/4 of a mile of the road, he met horsemen and one man in particular he noticed, that he was a local man as he thought. He had whiskers. He asked this man: “ Where, in the name of god, are you going at this hour of night? “ “ We’re going home, “ said the man. Jeremiah Harrington ( 53 ) Drom Buachalla Tuaith Ó Siosta Told on Ediphone 3.1.45

St Martin was born in tours in France. In Ireland saint Martins night is honoured on the 10th November and his day is honoured on the 11th November. On that night a pig or cock is killed and its blood is spread around the house and its flesh is eaten by household. When a pig or a cock or animal would get sick the people of the house would promise if the animal would recover that they would kill it saint Martins night . On one occasion when Saint Martin was on horse-back he met a tramp who asked alms of him . St Martins having nothing to give him cut a big piece of his cloak a gave it to him and himself went half naked. Of true ,story is told of a farmer whose pig got sick and he promised that if it recovered that he would kill it Saint Martins night. Time went on and the pig recovered and became finer.

They was a poor widow there long ago and she had three sons. The first day the three of them went to school together when they came home in the evening the mother asked them what did they learn to day we three they said. They went to school the second day. When they came the second day the mother asked them what did they learn to day soon in the better they said. they went to school the third day. when they came home the third day the mother asked them what did they learn to day money we want they said. they went to school

If three magpies appear before you on the road, fence or fly from a hedge is supposed to be a sign that a wedding to which you will be an invited guest will take place in the near future. If you happen to fall backwards off a stool is a sign you will not be married that year. If you happen by accident to put on your dress in the morning wrong side out is a sign you will not be married that year. No girl should act as bridesmaid twice the same year for if she does, she will never meet her fate and die unmarried. Think twice before you refuse an offer of marriage for it is well known that he or she, who is hard pleased will surely be easily fitted.

the fair for the cow. "For Jack a gradh ghil will want it all. As he was going down the fair he met an honest jobber who offered him a good price for the cow. Jack not knowing whether the price was good or not would not take it. "In one word how much will you take." said the jobber. "I'll take the highest penny in the fair", said Jack. When the jobber heard that he knew that Jack was a kind of a fool or anyway he didn't know much about selling a cow. The jobber stuck the top of his stick into the mud. He turned up the stick and placed a penny on top of it. Then he lifted the penny high into the air. "Now a mic look around you and tell me if you see any penny at the fair higher than my penny." Jack did as he

mother crying in the corner. When he walked in the door she looked up and only said, "Wisha is that you" Jack was a kind of downhearted at the welcome he got so he guessed there was something else troubling his mother besides he being away. After a while his mother told him that she was summoned for the rent. She had not any mony, so there was no way out of the difficulty but sell one of the three cows. Next morning Jack was sent off to Knocknagree fair with one of the cows. His mother was advising him because Jack had not left the ashes with long and would not know a whole lot about buying and selling. Her last advise to him was to get the highest penny at

II 'S a pheacaidh, déin machtnamh 's musgail 'S glaodhaidh ar Mhac-Mhuire na h-óighe, 'S seachain-se peaca na drúise 'Gus mealladh gach dlúth-chailín óig. Beidh a' t-aingeal go minic ar do chúram 'S Banríoghan gheal, mhúinte na h-óighe, 'S go mbfearr iad mar charaid lá 'n chúntais Na cailín deas crúidhte na mbó. III Mo dheacair! mo dhanaid! mo thuirse! Cad a dhéanfaidh lucht drúise 'gus póit, Lucht masla do thabhairt do'n Úr-Mhac A' spalpadh na mionn 's ag ól? Mar a mheasaim ní slachtmhar a gcúrsa 'S is aindis a dh'Fhúigfears iad fós Gan dearmad i ngradam an Úir-Mhic Mar a gcasaid le dubh ghol 's brón. IV Féach-se ar an Sácraimint naomhtha Do fuair a' cine daona le roint, Sinn a shábháil ó sglábhuidheacht a'tsaoghail seo, 'S ar Ifrean saor sinn gan mhoill. Ar a gcrois do cheannuigheadh go daor sinn

into his own haggard and returned with a slashers. He made one might swipe and cut the starter clean through. Jack was only just started for home and at the swipe of the slashers himself and the started was travelling the air falling towards the end of the earth. Jack was a fellow who was not easily frightened and though he was falling he kept an eye on the country. When he was within a few miles of the ground he found out that he could wave the starter from side to side As he got nearer the earth he saw that he was falling into the sea somewhere between Europe and Asia. "The dry land for me" said Jack giving the starter a mighty pull. The dry land it was then but Jack hit the solid rock so

If You Watch To-day Yesterday lakelets of deep turquoise lay amid piled snowbanks of cloud, and drowsing winds scarce turned the last Poplar leaves so that the mellow sunlight might be shaken from their polished surfaces, and shore birds screamed their pleasure above the weed-strewn sands. It is St. Martin's Summer, mysterious period of sun and storm, of seas that are rich with fish, and land where grass and grain and tree are beginning a new year of fruitfulness. Before the first lamp of Christianity was lit here this date was an ancient Pagan festival, and though St. Patrick consecrated it to Christianity old superstitions and beliefs stir uneasily at its name. People were supposed to kill some animal as a sacrifice and sprinkle the door posts with its blood, and in Wexford no fisherman will dare the sea on St. Martin's Eve since a century ago a whole fleet was lost because it defied the old tradition. On withered potato haulm and sturdy green Borage the Autumn Gossamer - Old Lady's Threads - are again glistening, and a million tiny lives are on their aerial voyage to found new colonies. The long, lone call of the Curlew is heard above the moors in welcome or defiance of its migrant brothers, who are arriving from sterner climes than ours. - Fieldman. Sent in 15.11.39 By Mary B. Dunphy, ex.NT 69-70 Irishtown, New Ross, Co Wexford

was forecoming. Jack scratched his head and out jumped a flea. That was no wonder for Jack hadn't left the ashes until that day and when a fellow is all the time stuck in ashes there is bound to be one of those lads knocking around. Anyway Jack caught the flea and skinned him, he blew into the skin and made big enough to put the ten stone of potatoes into it. He put the bag over his shoulder and started off for Croghan. All would have been right if some else hadn't seen the starter. John Carmody was kening[?] and noticed the starter. "Be gor that's a powerful long starter, let me see if there any top to it. I'd like to know how far it would stretch if I cut it down." He crossed the field

Long ago, there was a gentleman by the name of Denis Keating, and he lives somehwere between Knockaderry and Rathkeale. He was very fond of horses and he used to ride to hunts. He always kept a good horse himself.

There is a blessed well in a field outside the graveyard in Clouncagh, and it is called St Patrick's Well. The pattern on feast is always held there on March 17th. Long ago, the ould people had a great faith in Holy Wells, and they used to pay round for headaches, toothaches, and all kinds of pain. It happened that my grandfather paid rounds at this well for my mother, who was ill at the time. This was a round he

it hanging in its place on the wall. He brought them out and harnessed the horse. The cart was there too, and he wheeled her out and put it under the horse. Everything was ready now but to go up on the house, and start throwing down the slates. So he moved on the horse until he came to the big house. He got a big plank and leaned it up agin the house so that the slates would slide down on it and wouldn't be broken. The plank was set firmly by this, and he went up on the house. A mhúirnín mo chroidhe thú the second slate wasn't slipped down when an old witch came out, and she looked around to see what cause the noise, then she looked up and saw the man above on the house. He didn't let on himself did he see her at all but kept on sliding down the slates. Come down here said she until I tear you to pieces, havent you the neck to go up on any person's house and taking of its slates. But he took no heed to her. When she saw that he didn't, she began throwing up the slates again, and every slate

bring a cart of slates from Beelzabubs house. There is an old woman there and she wont let you to bring them, and if you could kill her you can bring all you can. And what is my reward if I bring them to you said the man? I will give you a bag full of gold said the King, but on condition that you will roof my castle with them same as it was before. Very well said the man, and how am I to bring the slates? where is the horse and cart? You will get a horse in one of my stables and you will get the cart at Beelzabubs' house and also the harness. There is only one big stable in it, and you will have no trouble in finding them. Very well said the man I will bring you the cart of slates without difficulty. So off he went to the stable, and brought with him the horse and mounted her and sped over fields and hills until he came to Beelzabubs' house. He saw the big stable, and he went in to search for the harness, and he found

He came along and stumbled across a dung-hill, staggering all the time as if he were a drunken man, and finally he fell from the top of the dung-hill and "sprawled in a heap" on the foot. When falling, he let the keg of whiskey drop and it rolled through the yard. The guards saw the "drunken fellow" falling and they could smell the whiskey before they went near him at all. "who is he." said one of them to the other. "Oh," said the other fellow, "he's some poot drunken devil that staggered into the yard before the gates were shut, and he fell asleep in some corner and is only after 'waking up." The two guards went over to where he was lying and saw that he was covered with muck and dirt. "He's in an awful state," said

The father went home crying and told Jack what he had to do. "I'm afraid you're finished this time," said the father as he sobbed till you'd think his heart would break. "Don't worry yourself," said Jack. "It will be no trouble to me at all." He went into a neighbouring village and bought a small keg of whiskey. During the night he disguised him so well that his own father or mother wouldn't know him. He saturated part of his clothes with some of the whiskey so as to make the guards who were minding the house, think he was drunk and that he had a considerable amount of drink taken. He set out for the castle, taking the keg of whiskey with him. There wasn't an inch of the premises that he didn't know, and it was an easy matter for him to get into the yard where the stables were situated.

He waited till the plough-man had gone some distance down the field with his "SCORE", and then he let out one of the lame rabbits. The man who was guard at the head of the field saw the rabbit and pursued it. It ran into the next field, and the man ran after it. Jack slipped along by the butts of the bushes till he came opposite to where the ploughman was proceeding with his score. He then let out the second lame rabbit, and when the ploughman saw it he left the handles of the plough and tried to catch it. The rabbit went into the next field and the ploughman went in after it and chased after it through the field. Jack stole along towards the foot of the field and when he got close to where the second armed man was on guard, he let out the

and another with the stolen valuables and put them on the back of one of the horses. He then got up on the other horse and rode home with the two horses. When he arrived home he took in the sack of gold and the sack of valuables, and said he to his mother: "We have as much gold now as will do us for the rest of our lives." Next day the gentleman who owned the castle, drove up to the grand gates, and when Jack's father opened the gates for him he said that Jack was home again. "Has he learned his trade yet?" asked the gentleman. "Oh, he has," said the father. "Oh, well," said the gentleman, "we'll have to test him. On tomorrow he'll have to steal the horses out of the plough where the ploughman is ploughing in my field. There will be a man with a loaded gun at

The horses tied to a tree a short distance from the hut, and he recognised them at once. He stole up to the hut and peeped in on the window and saw the two thieves counting a big heap of gold inside. They appeared to be dividing it between them. He went to the door and gave it a punch with one of the horns. One of the thieves looked at the other and said: "who is that?" "maybe it's the devil," said the other fellow. Jack gave the door another bang, and one of the thieves took courage and went to the door and opened it a little bit. When he saw the man with the horns on him he gave a wild roar and dashed out and away as fast as his two heels could carry him. The other fellow fainted, and Jack had the place to himself. He filled a sack with gold.

up the sack, and when they had that done they'd let the rope down again for himself. Jack filled the sack with gold and silver valuables, and when he tied the rope to the mouth of the sack and gave a pull to the rope the two boys at the top of the chimney drew up the sack, but they didn't let the rope down again for Jack. They went off and left him in the castle. He made his way from one room to another, and when he came to the kitchen he saw the servant girl sleeping in the settle-bed. He picked up the fire-irons and started flinging them through the kitchen. The noise 'wakened the girl, and she began to scream and shout: "what's that?" "I'm a spirit," said he, "and if you don't get up and let me out I'll bring the side-wall of the house on

The father was crying, and the two horseman stopped and said one of them: "where are you going with the lad?" "I'm lookin' for a master for him," said the father. "what kind of a master?" said they. "I'm goin' to apprentice him to a thief," said the father. "We'll take on with him," said they. So the father turned back for home, and Jack went off with the two thieves, for that was what they were. They took him to a castle, and the three of them got up on the roof and came along to one of the chimneys. They gave him a sack and let him down the chimney by means of a rope. They told him that when he had the sack filled with all the valuables he could find, to tie the rope to the mouth of it, and that when he gave a place to the rope they'd pull

on to Bailieborough where the procession was formed up. They marched on to Shercock where they were joined by contingents from Kingscourt, Shercock, and elsewhere. They turned round at Shercock and came back by KNOCKBRIDE to Bailieboró. It was a wonderful sight and every man wore a green sash. I was five or six years old at the time, and I remember my father taking me to a crossroads where some of the contingents were meeting. My father was wearing a green sash and joined in with the parade. This was not a Home Rule meeting - it was a Green Walk. On the day of the Green Walk a catholic man named Reilly - I think his name was Phil - was working with two Orangemen in a bog. Two fellows jumped across the fence and sad to Reilly: "Get up out of that MUD-HOLE, and go

He continued to roar all the way home and he could be heard a long distance away. He died shortly afterwards, and there was a stench from his body that "would stifle the air." He was buried in the lawn near his place of residence.

He sat down but soon jumped up again to renew his appeal. The landlord again ordered him to sit down, and he sat down, but after a time he jumped up again and once more started his appeal on behalf of his needy flock. The landlord then said: "If you don't sit down I will be obliged to have you put out." The priest continued to speak, whereupon the landlord called on a few hefty Orangemen, and they seized the priest and threw him down the steps leading up to the place of meeting. After a short time and while the business of the meeting was still going on, the landlord started to roar and he roared and roared, and they could do nothing to stop him. His head started to swell and he appeared in awful agony. He was carried out and put into his carriage and driven home.

ballad created great indignation at the time, particularly as there was no justification for them except that Dick had the whim to enlarge “his parks extended bounds”, or perhaps to prevent the “mere Irish” from living too near him and thus “coming between the wind and his nobility “ Flecton was boycotted during the Land agitation in the early Eighties and when he died in Liscolaean No hearse could be obtained to take him to his burial ground in Donard, so that a gun-carriage had to be requisitioned from the Curragh to bear him on his last lonesome journey. The Dr Gowing mentioned was the Rev George P. Gowing. D.D, afterward

[*Contibution for Béaloideas from Edward O’Toole, Rathvilly, Co. Carlow. 16.2.29] The townland of Fedden is situated near the village of Kiltegan, Parish of Rathvilly, Barony of Upper Talbotstown, County Wicklow. The county road divides it from the demesne of Humewood Castle, the residence of the Hume family who took the name of Dick in order to inherit very valuable property in England. The Fitzwilliam Dick mentioned in the following ballad was the grandfather of Walter Long, afterwards Lord Long, who was at one time Chief Secretary for Ireland. It was to an ancestor of Fitzwilliam Dick’s - the Hume of Humewood in 1798 - that Michl Dwyer surrendered The evictions described in the

brought him into the fort. When they noticed the hump on his back one of them said that they should give him the hump of the man they cured so that he should have two humps. They then left him home and the man was pleased enough to get away with his life. This incident happened about one hundred years ago. A man named Casey was cutting oats one evening. His wife was helping him as she was binding it. It grew dark and they still kept working. In the same field was a fort. They worked as late as this on various nights but on this very night a black dog came out of the fort and lid[?] down on a sheave. Casey's wife saw the dog and as a black dog was considered to be an evil omen they gave up the work. This happened about 60 years ago.

were of a pink colour. They used cover the wooden frame and all over witch the coloured cones and corks and put the uncoloured ones in between. When it was finished it was very nice. no. 3 In olden times how they used feed their cattle and horses was: They had'nt much hay on account of their farms being so small. They used cut a lot of furze ; when it was cut they used collect it together and make an 'ochtaóge' When five of these

oil. The doors of the houses were made of heath how they were made was to get two sticks one on top and one on bottom and find the health on the sticks with a 'súgán.'

cording and some times they used dye the the wool in order to put different colours in the flannel, because it was the only cloth they had to wear at that time. Every day they used to wear the plain grey flannel and for Sunday they had suits of the different dyes. They did all their work by night from the light of the bog-dale for they had no lamps or

Saint Martin's night falls on the tenth of November, but his feast day is held on the eleventh. He is supposed to ride a white horse on the sea that night. There is a yarn about that. This is it. A certain fisherman on St. Martin's night had to go out ifishing but he did not like to do so. While he was so engaged a great Storm arose and he was afraid of being drowned so he said that the only thing he could do was to shed some blood for St. Martin. He got out his penknife and cut his finger. As soon as the did so a white horse ridden by St. Martin came beside the boat. The Saint offered the fisherman to get up behind him on the house. He did so and was brought safely to land. fishermen do not like to go fishing on Saint Martin's night or at any time near this date because there is always a storm on our near St. Martin's night. This sotem is known as "St. Martin's Storm." There is no place called after the Saint in this district. John O Byrne Bridid Morrissey Aged 50 Dunbratten

Just then a knock came to the door. The man went out and saw a horse and rider outside. He was asked to mount the horse and having done so soon found himself at his father's farm in Hacketstown. He was then told to fulfil his promise but on inquiring what he might kill was told that there was only a litter of bonhams in the place that were not fit to kill. He killed a fat pig. The marks of the horses hooves were said to remain on a flag stone at the threshold of this door and the rider was thought to be St. Martin. After living for some time in Hacketstown the man died and was buried in Newcastle near Carroll's Cross. The stone was removed from the threshold and laid at the foot of his grave and people say it is still to be seen there. Nellie Walsh 7th. November, 1939 Maurice Walsh aged 60 Rathanny Carroll's Cross Kilmacthomas

offerings and living them to have on Sunday and he would do whatever he had to do for her love on sunday. anyway Eoin officiated at the funeral. The funeral started from Scallan and went to Kilskerry graveyard around 5 miles away. About a quarter of a mile on that journey Eoin told the camin to leave her down on the top of this big hill 'Leave her down' says he till she takes her last farewell of Scallan. When she took her farewell they lifted the Coffin and proceeded on their way & at last they come as far as Kilkenny at that time there was a public house at this place and here the funeral stopped and Eoin got out a table and lifted the offerings. He called them all out not by their real names but by their names in the County. The first name he called out was Eoin Miller Mc Grade 1/6 Owen's fealy was the [?] with 1/= Mickey the [?] 1/= Phil's Jerry 1/6 Eddie of the hill 2/= He called this very loud. When he had all the offerings lifted they proceeded to

was brought to hear on the Government to give them relief, and it was distributed to them. But in County Leitrim there was a landlord who was given charge of the distribution of the relief in his area. He held a few meetings for the purpose, but none of the Catholic tenants on his estate got any of the relief - it was the Protestant tenants that got it. The meetings for arranging the distribution of the relief were held in an old castle. The catholic curate heard of the way that the relief was being distributed, so he made up his mind to go to the next meeting and make an appeal on behalf of his people. He went to the meeting, and when he went to appeal for a share of the relief for the poor of his congregation the landlord who was chairman of the meeting, ordered him to sit down.

I remember wan time when we were young at home. We left the house we were in and we came on to another wan, about a mile farther on. Me father was sick in the hospital at the time. He was in ill health, We shifted on to this house, anyhow, and it bet all, all the noise, and tearaway that was in it the first night. There was three or four of us in it, and we were all young and soft. Twas so bad that we were all terrified. "ah children" says me mother if I can get the morning, I'll not stay another night here." There was chairs going, and boards sawing, and doors opening and slapping, and foot noise running up and down the stairs. The morning came on, anyhow, at last, and me mother said she'd take us away and sleep out by the ditch with. She made the remark to a passer by what she was going to do. "Don't me poor woman, do any such thing" says the person, "but go and acquaint Father Walsh of Terrath about it, and you will find that he'll do something for you." So she came in and put on her shawl, and she walked it to Terrath, about four miles away. She met the priest and she told him her story. The priest told her to go on home, and that he'd be [mistake] over after her. She walked it back again, and she was only just in when the priest was an the step of the door after her He took out his book and he read some prayers in

9. All kinds of sickness generally 10. Not applied externally. Carried away in bottles and drunk. 11. No. 12. Yes. 13 Coins, beads, images, vessels, medals, chains, buttons, pensils, nails, crosses of wood. No distinction between offerings of men and women. 14. On the stone shelf shown. 15. No. 16. One tradition is that a man once took away objects from the well, and he was punished by being stricken with a disease which ate away his flesh. Another person who took small objects found them later all turned into bees, which flew back. 17. Nothing known of antiquity of pilgrimage. No tradition as to suppression. 18. Photograph herewith 19. Marked on 6" map (see 2) 20. Jeremiah Desmond 21. Muine Cluic [?] (Mumiffuigh N. School) Carraig an Ime, Maghchromtha 22. Hannah Buckley, Maulnahorna, Ballinagree, Macroom 23. 29th August, 1934

1. Saint John's Well (called in Ordinance Survey Map "Mushera Holy Well") 2. Townland of Knocknagoppul, close to summit of Musheramore Mountain about 2000 ft over sea-level. No old church near, no tree nor bush. There is a rough protection of stones around and over the well (See Sketch) Marked on 6" Ordinance Survey Map, Cork Sheet 48, one-fifth mile SSE of summit. Front to Back Outside 7'-0" Height to this 4'-0" Height 6'-4" Total width in Front 7'-4" Width of Opening top 2'-3" bottom 2'-0" Opening, back to front 2'-11" Stone Shelf inside 2'-6"x11"x1" Height of Opening 3'-7" Opening at chamber over the well is semi-cylindrical. Wooden cross at the back. Stone shelf as shown on which are placed offerings (see 13-14). Photograph also herewith. Flagstones. 3. Saint John the Baptist 4. - 5. 24th June, Nativity of John the Baptist. On this day each year a Pattern is held at the food of the mountain, formerly, it is said, at the summit. Many people climb the mountain to the well and perform rounds there on this day, but people visit it for this purpose at all times of the year. 6. Fore cure of sick friends 7. Three times round above well and round well, each time 9 Our Father, 9 Hail Marys, 9 Glorias. Finally a Rosary (5 decades) is said coming down to the well, finishing at the well. No stones or pebbles used to mark rounds. 8. Prayers as in 7

Donoaghmore and Aghabullogue is a large circular mound. This mound is in the Donoughmore side of the stream, and in the lands of Mr. Michael Lane. It has about the same circumference as the ordinary fort or rath, and is about from 15 to 20 feet high. It is called Crocán-an- Cárac (the mound of the Winnowing ). Tradition gives us the following. St Eolan patron of Aghabullogue Parish, and Saint Batt Patron of Donoughmore arranged that they would fix the boundary between the two parishes. It was agreed on, that each would start from a fixed place in his parish and then go directly to meet the other Saint. Where they would meet should be the boundary. We are told that St. Batt ran, and St. Eolan walked, and of course the former had covered a broader strip - hence Donoughmore is the larger parish. It is also said that they argued at Crocán-an-Cárac, and that each cursed the other's parish. St Eolan said Donoughmore should never be without a mad dog - and St Batt said that Aghbullogue should never be without the bed of a thief. The Crocán in itself is rather an unsightly mound - composed of a dry, coarse reddish gravel, and totally devoid of verdure save furze and heather

There was fine desperadoes one time in Youghal, and they were very short of money. They hired with a French captain; he was an old man, and a weak crew. They were three or four deep out to sea when Roche, the ring-leader of them, when he thought the rest were asleep, he ordered his four or five lads, they handcuffed the lads - tied their hands behind their backs - and threw them out to sea, the captain and all of them! They turned at painting their ship and they painted her, and they cut off the topmast, and there was canvas repairs. They made sails, they coloured the sails different colours, that the ship wasn't known. They went into a port in Portugal and they brought a gun - a brass gun. They said they'd go painting, and they went painting, and they sailed away, and there was an American ship looking out for pirates. She was a man-of-war and they thought she was only a merchant

Bhí fear Ann fadó ages lá amháin churadh sé go dtí an aonach shun bó a cheannach. Do Cheannaig sé í agus nuair a bhí sé ag teach abhaile leí do chonnaic fear eile é agus dubhairt fear file leis nách deas an bó í. Annsan d'imig sé leis abhaile agus sar-ar chuaidh sé do dtí an tigh ní raibh an bó abalta ar siubhal, agus do thuic sí. Do chuaidh sé do dtí an fear file agus dubhairt sé leis bail ó Dhia air a rádh trí huaire agus dubhairt sé agus bhí an bó go maith airís. Pádraig Mac Gineadha, Líos-Deargáin Líos-Poíl Fuaireas é seo ó m'aithir Séamus Mac Gineadha

a week at the house and slept on the "settle bed" as usual. One night before she had fallen asleep the (dead) farmer, who had often befriended her appeared to her in tears and grief and said to her, "what a pity I did not leave your wish (about my term in Purgatory) go as you said to me twice; had I done so I would have ^only to spend in Purgatory, a time equal to that while I was handing you my frieze coat; but now, on account of the remark I ^ then made I must remain 7 years suffering in Purgatory". He then disappeared. John Wm. Fitzgerald: "Southern folklorist": I heard this tale from an old woman now deceased) who said she heard it from the poor woman named herein.

thanked him, and said; 'I hope that your time in Purgatory will be as short as while you were handing me your coat". He laughed and exclaimed. "If I escaped with a term of 7 years in Purgatory, I would be satisfied" The same thing happened a few years afterwards, and again came a similar reply from the farmer. The travelling woman went on her way as usual, forgetting all about the incident. Some years afterwards she revisited the farmer's house, and her surprise and sorrow were great when his wife told her that he was dead and xx buried; a fact which was corroborated by several of his neighbours. She stayed for

John Wn Fitzgerald ("Southern Folklorist") I knew this man Shawn Ogue Hannigan, well. He died about 20 years ago. I heard this story from one of his grandsons. (it is said to be true)

In a certain part of the Co Limerick there lived a farmer who was very kind to the poor. Among those whom he often befriended was a travelling woman. She often spent weeks together in his house and used to sleep in the "settle-bed" in the kitchen, One very cold night, before he retired to bed, the farmer gave his frieze coat to this woman as an extra blanket, for the night. She

all likewise crossed the road, and went after the fox and hounds into the fields on the other side of the road "Shawn Ogue" watched them for some time, and he also heard their barking and shouting as the hunt went along until it xx was out of range of his sight and hearing. He then remounted his horse, and the latter went off "as quiet as lamb Next day he came to the spot where he had met the fox-hunt the night before, and examined it thoroughly; but there was not the least trace of footprints of hounds, or ^ of fox, or ^ of horses, which always appear for weeks afterwards in a real fox-hunt (by day). 'Shawn Ogue" was never again out late at night after this adventure.

a cloth on the head (over the eyes) of the horse, and tried again; still to no purpose. The animal now seemed much frightened. Hannigan now began to grow afraid, as the hour was late: so he thereupon knelt down on the road took off his hat and exclaimed May the Almighty God, save me this night", at the same time making the Sign of the Cross on himself. He had scarcely done so, when a fox came out of a field at one side of the road, crossed the road, and jumped in and away in xx a field at the other side of the road, Reynard was soon followed by a pack of hounds; and they in their turn were followed by a great crowd of huntsmen, who

from my grandfather; and it is said to be really true.

A Folk Tale "Shawn Ogue" Hannigan was out one night in the month of June. He was on horseback and was going home xxx from Drumcollogher village to his house in Gardenfield, about a mile from that place. When he came to a certain part of the road called "Gardenfield Cross" his horse began to "shy". He did his best to get the animal to go forward but failed Then he dismounted and tried to lead the animal forward, but the latter could not be got to move. He put

and when he turned round again to continue his work of filling his pockets with the coins, both heaps coins) had vanished! Ned drove home his cow, a wiser (and somewhat richer) man than formerly. He had pocketed about £10 or £12 worth of the silver coins; and xx until the day of his death he was sorry for looking behind him when he heard the music, as it was in that way he lost his chance (nay certainty) of xx becoming a rich man. He likewise never forgot that the unknown woman had told him that morning he would be rich enough xx before the next evening, if it were not thro' his own fault. John Wn Fitzgerald (Southern Folklorist"). I have heard this tale

not lose it", Ned laughed, and asked her where the money was to come from. "Never mind that part of the matter", said she "you will get the money, if you take it". With these words they parted, and Ned saw this unknown woman take the road towards Drumcollagher, which is 1/2 a mile distant. Ned drove home his cow soon after and went to work taking little notice of the promise of wealth he got from the stranger in the morning .In the evening he drove out his cow on the road again and she was not long feeding thereon when she went in on a neighbouring farmer's land and faced down for the glen that is near ^by. Ned followed her as fast as he could. She had the start of him however; and she

was "minding" or "herding", his cow on the roadside, a short distance from "Matty Den's Cross", he saw a woman approaching him from the Tullyglen direction. As soon as she came close to him she bade him "Good morning asking him his name, his means of livelihood, etc. He answered all her questions. She then asked him for a smoke of tobacco, and he took out his pipe, lit it and gave it to her. She took it, and smoked away for some time. She then handed him back the pipe, and said that she should be going away Before she did so, however, she thanked ^him for his kindness, and said to him Ned Ryan, you will have plenty of money before this time tomorrow; if through your own fault you will (Tullyleose)

agus ba sine Úr na Artúr. Gach a bhfuil abhus adeir Úr, bíodh sé abhus agus gach a bhfuil shíos bíodh sé thíos. Goirim-se agus coisricim thú mar bhean agus mar céile dom féin go bráthach." Cuirim-se tusa faoi gheasa agus faoi mhór dhiomadh na bliadhna gan baint ná páirt a bheith liom go ceann lá agus seacht mbliana," ar an bhean. "Ní acar fada é sin" adeir Ur, nó dá mbéadh nó dá mbeadh sé an fhad agus an fhad eile". D'fhág sé shíos Lándearg. Casadh ceann seanchapaill ar an mbealach dó ar bhain sé trí fhiacail as le cur in-áit fhiaclaí a athar. Nuair a tháinig sé abhaile chuir sé fiacla an chapaill i gceann an athar in áit na bhfiacal a bhain an Ridire Uaithne as. Is aige féin a bhí chuile ghaisgidheacht. Ní raibh tuairisg ar bith ar Lándearg aige. Níor fhág sé fiacal ar bith dá chuid féin i gceann a athar. Ní raibh ag Landearg a fágadh thíos ach toisiú ag tóruidheacht cé ngabhfad sé agus gan fios aige cé raibh sé ag dhul. Is gearr a bhí siubhalta aige nuair a casadh gaisgidheach leis ar a tugadh an

cuireadh goirim sgoile amach ar bheag agus ar mhór na ríoghacht ar fad teacht ar fleadh [fuaim fly] agus ar féasta bainse go ceann seacht n-oidhche agus seacht lá. Bhíodar ag teacht go raibh seacht gcéad ridire an bhoird bhig agus ocht gcéad ridire an bhoird mhóir, agus naoi gcéad ridire boird na bochta agus aon chéad déag ridire an bhoird fhada, bhí húdaboys ann agus bhí hawdaboys ann, bhí tú féin ann má bhí mise ann ach ní rabh agam-sa ach bróga páipéir agus stocaí bainne reamhair. Sin a rabh a'm-sa. Nuair a phós gaisgidheach na falainge fliche agus dreithiúr Bútais Óir. Nuair a bhí an bhainis caithte dubhairt Cod go dtiochfadh sé go ríoghacht na Firiu [?] Áille ag tóruidheacht a mhná féin arís. Chuaidh sé síos go dtí an soithín agus chur chun seoil í. Nuair a bhí trí lá caithte a' seoltóireacht aige chonaic sé caisleán eirighthe as lár na fairrge, dubhairt sé nach ngabhfadh sé thar an gcaisleán go mbeadh fhios aige céard é féin. Nuair a tháinig sé gar dó chonaic sé preachán

cuireadh goirim sgoile amach ar bheag agus ar mhór na ríoghacht ar fad teacht ar fleadh [fuaim fly] agus ar féasta bainse go ceann seacht n-oidhche agus seacht lá. Bhíodar ag teacht go raibh seacht gcéad ridire an bhoird bhig agus ocht gcéad ridire an bhoird mhóir, agus naoi gcéad ridire boird na bochta agus aon chéad déag ridire an bhoird fhada, bhí húdaboys ann agus bhí hawdaboys ann, bhí tú féin ann má bhí mise ann ach ní rabh agam-sa ach bróga páipéir agus stocaí bainne reamhair. Sin a rabh a'm-sa. Nuair a phós gaisgidheach na falainge fliche agus dreithiúr Bútais Óir. Nuair a bhí an bhainis caithte dubhairt Cod go dtiochfadh sé go ríoghacht na Firiu(?) Áille ag tóruidheacht a mhná féin arís. Chuaidh sé síos go dtí an soithín agus chur chun seoil í. Nuair a bhí trí lá caithte a' seoltóireacht aige chonaic sé caisleán eirighthe as lár na fairrge, dubhairt sé nach ngabhfadh sé thar an gcaisleán go mbeadh fhios aige céard é féin. Nuair a tháinig sé gar dó chonaic sé preachán

de léim ann. Tháinig sé aniar agus an chulaidh ghaisge air. "B'fhéidir adeir sí "go ndéanfá rud eicín." Gabh siar anois adeir sí agus cart a bhfuighfidh tú de shean chlaimhthe faoi'n leabaidh agus an ceann is íoctaraighe b'fheidir go mb'fearr duit na maide é." Chuaidh sé siar agus bhí sé ag cartadh claimhte go bhfuair sé an ceann ba íochtraige. Bhain sé creatha as agus bhain sé seacht mbairile mairge dhe. An darna creatha bhí sé chómh glas agus dá dtugadh sé amach as a siopa é. Nuair a tháinig sé aniar agus an claidheamh ina láimh aige. Tá súil agam go n-eireóchadh t-aisdear leat agus go bhfuighfidh tú an bhuachtáil. Gheobhfaidh tú each chaol bhan san stábla annsin amuich agus tiubhradh sí go dtí an Domhan soir tú. Mara bhfágha tú a thuairisg annsin níl fhios agam cá bhfuigfidh tú a thuairisg". Tharraing Lándearg amach an teach caol bhán agus chuaidh sé de léim cos uirthe [chuaidh an bheirt dreathár ar a chúl]. Luath go leor sa lá sheas an t-each caol bán ar an tamhnach bán sa Domhan Shoir. D'isligh sé

Baron Purcell of Loughmore Castle [Luck ma an ainm a bhí aiges na seandaoine an Loughmore] wanted a message sent to Dublin on a Sunday morning. He had a servant Denis Deegan who was to hurl in a local match the same Sunday. He started off to Dublin on foot and was back in time to strike out the ball for the match. This same Baron Purcell came on a number of Revenue men for the Kings service as there was no police at the time. Denis Deegan was sent on a message to the castle. The revenue men could not let him pass as they did not know him. He attacked them & knocked out a number of them before he was finally

dussed himself up like any tramp. So he was travelling around the city and did n't he see two more tramps like himself and they selling tin- cans and canteens and saucepans, and everything that could be made out o' tin. "Good morrow men," says Daniel. "Good morrow kindly brother," says they. "Are ye doin' much trade with the likes o' them?" says he. "Oh we are doin' a great trade," says they. "And are ye married? says Daniel. "Oh you may but your oath we are," says they. "And have ye a family?" says Daniel. "More than we can count," says the two tramps "Well ye are the very men I want," says Daniel. "Let ye bring your wives

The last bit was called the Luidheachán and was cut by the stongest man in the party who generally had cut the most of the field. The honour of cutting the luidheachán was reserved for him. Obtained from Jas O'Brien Shanrahan Clogheen Age = 67 years The last bit left to be cut was called the Cailleach and before cutting it the reapers gave a bit cheer to let all the neighbours know they were not the last. It was regarded as being degrading to be the last in the district to cut the corn. The best reaper cut the last cailleach.

felt the bottle in Jack's pocket. He took it out of the pocket and found to his amazement that it contained a quart of whiskey. They proceeded to drink this each man in his turn. Jack was watching what was going on all the time and did not pretend a thing. He knew that his trick was working all right but nevertheless he knew that the men had not enough whiskey. He started to roll himself into the fire and one of the men went to save him. While doing so the man found some more whiskey. When they had this drank they were all mad drunk and fell asleep. Now was Jack's opportunity to work. He got up from his position near the fire, untied the horse and went away with it unnoticed by any of the men in charge. He arrived back with the horse and had his task completed. The gentleman again told Jack that he had not his trade fully learned and that he should still do another bit of robbery. This time Jack was to steal a sheet from under this said gentleman and his wife as they were in bed at night. The man himself was to keep guard on the room with a loaded gun and was to shoot Jack if he should

and standing in front of the statue, she enquired of it, what was the best trade for Jack. Of course Jack answered for the statue and said a robber. The poor woman asked this question three different times and Jack answered on each occasion. She thought the statue was answering her all the time. When she went home she found Jack before her, as he had come and gone the nearway. Jack let on to be innocent of what had happened. She told him that she had finally made up her mind that Jack should be a robber. He needless to say was over-joyed at her mother's decision and made all the preparations for his new duties. The mother was crying and lamenting because of her sons departure but he told her that he would be back on the morrow. Jack set out on his journey and began to look for some master robber. On his way he met two robbers. These asked Jack where he was going? He told them and they said that he was just in the right place. The three went to a cave in the woods where the robbers lived and made preparations for the night. On this night they were to rob a rich Protestant's house. They came

In this neighbourhood there lived an old woman who had an only son who was the pride and light of her eye. This son was known as "Seán Ó Cúla Bhuachaigh and although being a simpleton, his mother tried to impress everybody that he was a very clever man. She sent Jack out with balls of flannels one day to sell. She told him not to sell the flannel to the first or second buyer so as to get a good bargain, but to sell it to the third and to get a shilling a "bundle". Jack did as his mother commanded and went to the

Carl. Carl went about the farm and did his daily work in the best manner possible. The result was that the farmer took a great liking to Carl and began to have the idea that he would make a good son-in-law. During all this time Carl had neither done nor said anything that would prove his real person. He lived and worked from day to day like any ordinary person. Neither had he shown any love to the farmer's daughter even though he often thought of doing so. The girl seemed the same way inclined towards Carl. She was an exceptionally fine looking girl and was supposed to be the best looking girl for miles and miles. Finally a marriage was introduced between Carl and the farmer's daughter. Both parties were willing and they were married. On the night of the marriage there was big celebrations and all the local people were invited. The people were entertained in the best manner possible and there was plenty for everybody to eat and drink. At that time it was customary that the party who had good married presented themselves to the people at the party and walked amongst them. Carl and his wife did so on this occasion and as they were walking about

Twas an awful day here the day Father Ferris was evicted for not paying the rent. They all said they wouldn't pay, but the farmers got afraid and they paid it, and who'd blame them, but Fr. Ferris wouldn't pay and he was put out. There were soldiers in plenty here that day, to put out poor Father Ferris. There was a man here be the name of Murray. He was a nailer and so was his father. They used to be making nails in an outside house and shoe-makers and everyone used to come to get nails from them. Young Murray

That's a grand chapel we have now God bless it, tis a lot nicer than it was. They raised the roof and put seats in it in my time. Long ago the top of the chapel was just where the roof starts now, and twas only an earthen floor was there, except a few sides down by the wall at the side, and if you didn't get wan of them you'd ayther have to

old woman sittin' in the corner, all bleedin'. He called in a few neighbour women, an' she was sent off to bed, an' she was so badly wounded that she died that night. From that day onwards they had plenty butter in their churns around Fintona.

Once upon a time in a place called Fintona in the Co. Tyrone, there lived a farmer and his mother, the name of Bairds. They were very ugly lookin', especially the old woman. For a mile or so around this place when the people churned their milk they never had any butter, an' the got very suspicious about these people. They lived in a townland called Glashagh about two miles from Fintona. So this particular mornin' this man was out lookin' for rabbits. He had a dog an' a gun with him. He saw a hare rushin' across the field. He fired at the hare an' wounded it, an' where did the hare run but straight into this house. The man was surprised at where the hare made for after being wounded. He followed the hare into the house, an' when he went in he was shocked to see the ugly

Here, Nana is the important place. We had the law an' the workhouse there and a famous one they used call The Spike. Some used to call it the Poorhouse. Nana workhouse was burned one time an' Jimmy Murphy a man they used to call The Fennet saved three out of it. [They were patients (aside)]. No they were paupers. Nana Workhouse was there till twenty two and the paupers were removed to Thurles. They call Thurles Workhouse, The County Home now.

Father McKeogh said mass in Réidh (Rearcross) and he built the chapel there in eighteen eighty eight. Before that was built some of um used go to Toor to mass. Flannery hadn't the license there for a few years after the chapel being built. He had only a small house there. The Flannerys were from the County Limerick. Father McKeogh lectured in the States when they were collecting for the Thurles Cathedral. The local magistrates had the granting of the license when Flannery got it an' Flannery went to a man called Friend near Nana (Nenagh) to use some influence and he got the license an' what Flannery said after to Friend: "A friend in need and a Friend in name." Cook in Borrosoleigh, he had estates there. His wife was a Kerry woman and Cook was of Cromwellian descent. There was a man in Borrisoleigh who used to walk to and from

There was a curate in these parts and he was the best man I ever knew for making out. He'd drop into this house for his dinner and that house for his tea and turn up at the third house in time for his supper. There was one house he used to frequent very often because it was a good house. He used to turn up shortly before dinner and he always knew what they had for dinner as soon as he went in. " You have a nice roast today" or "That's a nice bit of mutton you have down". He used to know by the smell what

Dan Breen spent a good deal of his time around here. He was a great soldied but he was a terrible man. Non'd never knew what he'd do and he'd face a whole army. Some of the people were never happy until he was gone. Whenever he'd be stopping there'd be revolvers and ammunition and bombs all over the place. They had a meeting in the offices one night back in Tarbert at Father McCarthy's house. It got very late and them and father McCarthy decided to put them up for the night. It fell to the lot of a young local officer to go sleep with Tom. When they went up to the room, Dan pulled the table across the door and laid a fully loaded revolvers, and two hand grenades on the table. This young officer was not noted for his physical courages and when he saw Dan making all the warlike preparations he suddenly developed a call to the rear and did not return. How he walked home that night in the heigh of the trouble was a great joke round here for a long time. Little wonder if he was nicknamed Felix. Father McCarthy C.C of Tarbert was the great

Below in Gleanncurú, there are Gleesons, they call um The Gleeson Helpers. They say they helped Cromwell up Cruiseána Hill.

The night o' the Big Wind, me father often talked of it. 'Twas the Twelveth Day. Outside the hill here in Cam na Leghn where you'd think 'they'd be shelter, 'they' were stacks an' never a trace seen of um. 'They' was a house beyond here at Jim Russell's an' they was a man in the house, a friend, he used be comin' an' goin' there an' he was in a room down from the kitchen. He was Jimmy Ryan an' they heard the cadhráns fallin' an' they got up an' they told Jimmy Ryan to get up an' they were only up when the house was knocked. Any ole person that remembered that night were in dread

They were goin electin a Mayor in Limerick one time and they could get no one that would take the job. The chairman that was over them stood up. "Well;" says he, "the very first man that ye'll meet coming in to Limerick let ye bring him here and we'll elect him Lord Mayor o' Limerick" So they just a guard all around Limerick, and the first man that they met goin in to the city was a poor man from the blare side and he goin sellin' brooms. Seán na Scuab he was called. They arrested Seán and brought him into the City Hall and they made him peel off all his old rags, and they put on the Lord Mayor's suit on him and the big gold

of their life of wind while they lived. My father, he said no man was able to stand on the road again' that wind. I heard a fellow saying, but jokin' he was, they were talkin' o' wind, "'tmust be, "says he, "bad, for 'they' was a ship blown to this hill beyond." 'Twas unnatural wind.

Then a fool went for tay an' sugar to a shop in Gortahoola one time, that happened [aside] an' when he was comin' home he et the sugar an' threw the tay away with the wind. When he came home they asked him where was the tay an' sugar. "Té go gaoch," says he, 'an' I et the sugar.

"Wouldn't you go up" says the farmer "and ask the daughter of Walsh to do us a tirm in the world and to have you marry her and when you'd marry her then we'd be safe because we couldn't die of he hunger." So the son went up the next day and asked the daughter of Walsh her father formerly his workman get the dogs at him and told him to gather himself off. So the little cow was stolen and put into the barn and match makers came to the workman's house to get the daughter in marriage and the fine place. The men below were day and night looking for the little cow until they gave it up. "I'l tell you" says the farmer to his son "Donald Ruadh lives in such a place, so there in the morning and if the little cow is under

Smith was a landlord's agent, and on a Cahirmee-Fair morning, in July, he carried out an eviction at the house of a poor unfortunate woman in the district. She cursed him and asked that he might not see the sun setting that evening. Smith's steward had gone to Cahirmee Fair, and when all was over Smith also went to the fair. The steward had Smith's horse and soon after reaching the fair Smith mounted the animal : but it reared and fell back on Smith, pinning him to the ground and killing him! So the poor evicted woman got her wish, because he didn't live to see the setting sun!

3. St Gobnait's (Abbey's) Well 4. None 5. There is no tradition as regards Pattern Day, neither is there any special day to do the Round. The Rounds were generally done on Fridays or Sundays, and on three successive days i.e. two Fridays and one Sunday, or two Sundays and one Friday. 6. For cure for ailments or diseases - no disease in particular. The round has not

14 (contd) number of years but I take it that they were placed on the edge of the bank over the well, as it is there the bottles, and other lasting offerings are to be seen. Other articles have of course crumbled or decayed. 15. There are no pieces of cloth to be seen on the white thorn bush 16. There is no legend as regards origin of the well, neither is there any foot impression, and there is no mention of a trout or other fish having been seen. My informant told me that it was always an indication for a cure, if the water boiled up in the well in the presence of the pilgrim. The following is the only traditional nan alive regarding the well The well is situated in the lands of Mrs Carroll Rylane. The husband is now dead for a few years. He related that while standing at the front of his house on Whit Sunday (the day of the Pilgrimage to St Abbeys Well at Ballymourney) he say a lady in white approach the well from the south or South West (Ballymourney is roughly west) and disappear into the Well. He called other members of his family to see the figure. Across the stream, called the Glassia, already referred to, and which divided the parishers of

14 (contd) number of years but I take it that they were placed on the edge of the bank over the well, as it is there the bottles, and other lasting offerings are to be seen. Other articles have of course crumbled or decayed. 15. There are no pieces of cloth to be seen on the white thorn bush 16. There is no legend as regards origin of the well, neither is there any foot impression, and there is no mention of a trout or other fish having been seen. My informant told me that it was always an indication for a cure, if the water boiled up in the well in the presence of the pilgrim. The following is the only traditional nan alive regarding the well The well is situated in the lands of Mrs Carroll Rylane. The husband is now dead for a few years. He related that while standing at the front of his house on Whit Sunday (the day of the Pilgrimage to St Abbeys Well at Ballymourney) he say a lady in white approach the well from the south or South West (Ballymourney is roughly west) and disappear into the Well. He called other members of his family to see the figure. Across the stream, called the Glassia, already referred to, and which devided the parishers of

on the giving an undertaking not to keep any more whiskey about the place which she promised to do. But still after all this was Biddy finished with her misfortune the very evening of the court she was confronted with another summons from master Wests pupil whom her grandchild had stuck with a pin when master West was about to slap her. So now Biddy left all her misfortune on the cards the devil of something not wright is in these cards. So she now made them quit the cards at night. Now this court Biddy was not let off so light as before she was now deprived of her grandchild as the Judge made an order to have her sent to a reformatory. Biddy was no left without clock foul pig [?] Grandchild

This big field (lying between the Cabhailt and the clump of trees known as Rock Hall) is called the Racing Field. It's on the Knight's demesne (see map p37) WHY?

This spot here was always called the Cabhailt or the old Cabhailt. No there were no houses here at that time. Cabhail means a house for cows. There was a big house for cows here long ago (Map p )

An ice-house consisted of a deep conical hole dug in the ground. About 20 - 24 feet deep. Diameter at top about the "diameter" of the kitchen. They were always "built" on the top of a hill. Access to them obtained by means of an iron ladder. The ice was stored in these pits - "covered over with straw & clay" (?) and the top of the pit covered with thatch, same as you'd thatch a house, the eaves of the roof being on a level with the ground all round and the nothing to be be seen above ground except the thatch: Mrs. Dove (p ) "We often climbed up on the thatch when we were children. Of course we'd be killed if we were caught. That would be about 45 years ago". PROCURING THE ICE Mrs. Dove (p ): - Everybody would be ready when the hard weather would come all the horses and donkeys in the parish would be busy next day drawing the ice to the pits. They used to sell 1/6 for a horse load 9D to 1/1 for a donkey load and about 6d for the full of a slab: carried on the back.

Limerick Junction: The big shop and hotel at the gates of Limerick Junction Station is known as "the ice house". Property of Ryan (Bulleen): I'll [?] at Bulleen's" but most common: "I'll meet you at the ice-house". I could never find out why it was so named. Do the explanation follow (infra)? GLIN. About 40-50 years ago, when fishing was carried on "at full steam", there were at least five ice-houses in this district: 1. Kinard 2. Ballygoughlan 3. Cillíní (between Glin and Ballyhahill) 4. Baile na nGall, on the knight's Road between Glin & Tarbert 5. "At the (lower) end of the town" (Glin) behind where Tom Hayes' house now stands All in Borough of SHANID. Ice was stored in these 'houses' to cure the fish. Local supply of ice depended on amount of frost experienced each year. If the supply ran out late in the year (Summer or Autumn) Norwegian or Swedish vessels brought supplies to the quay of Glin.

Gall-Luachra. "It's bad land. It's only Gall-Luachra land. Nothing in it but gall-luacra. (i.e plenty of rushes and coarse land). It would take a lot of time to reclaim it. Reviving it from 2 or 3 miles S of the town (Glin)

Those priests didn't want to be going anywhere except the people had money hidden in the thatch. (Before banks were common, I suppose, or when banks were shaky - reliable to break any minute, moment, day, & men in Co. Tipp at the present day and for umpteen years [?] old farmers would not trust their money in the banks. They have it hidden 'in the thatch', or buried. Hence pollóg (?). "The bank might break (close)" They don't yet forget Sadleir & Keogh (see "New Ireland" by A.M. Sullivan). Many of them have their money lodged in several banks. If one breaks, they can call on the others, etc. This "forced" keeping of the money at home, has led to local money-lending in many cases & many a farmer & shop-keeper has earned for himself the unenviable name of gaimbín-man (Tipp)

Those priests didn't want to be going anywhere except the people had money hidden in the thatch. (Before banks were common, I suppose, or when banks were shaky - reliable to break any minute, moment, day, & men in Co. Tipp at the present day and for umpteen years [?] old farmers would not trust their money in the banks. They have it hidden 'in the thatch', or buried. Hence pollóg (?). "The bank might break (close)" They don't yet forget Sadleir & Keogh (see "New Ireland" by A.M. Sullivan). Many of them have their money lodged in several banks. If one breaks, they can call on the others, etc. This "forced" keeping of the money at home, has led to local money-lending in many cases & many a farmer & shop-keeper has earned for himself the unenviable name of gambling-man (Tipp)

About 3 miles from Glin on the T. was an abbey in former days. The ruins are there still. There is a fine big gentleman's place near it. It was a public burial place long ago but now it's only used for premature children. mise: are little children that have been baptised buried there? no. There' s nobody buried in it now and for many a long day except those that are born premature and children that didn't get baptism. "Strangers used to be buried there about 50 years ago. People from the Co. Clare or from the EAST (i.e over about [?] Limerick)"

"3 slanes of turf and one hundred (local measurement). A slane of turf is as much as 3 men will cut in one day: one man working the slane and the second man {forking/pitching} from him and the third man pitching out further still" "Ré-turf is the best, i.e. turf out a ré-bog, this is a bog only about two sods deep".

Whistling with finger or fingers in mouth. In Glin the sound is produced by inserting the points of the two little fingers in the mouth and blowing hard. Never saw this method used anywhere else. In Carlow whistling is done by inserting any one finger into the mouth, generally the lúidín, or by making a "key" of the little finger, inserting in mouth and blowing (Carlow) 'Whistling' also done by using two adjacent fingers or by placing the two thumbs side by side and blowing through the slit between them. (Carlow)

"Don't mind him. He's ignorant. He wouldn't know H in (or on) the side of a bog" (Common) "Ar leath ar gach taobh ar nós aonaigh a' Gleanna" (known by a few old people) and "Split in the middle like the fair of Glen" (Common) On fair days they keep the cattle in near the houses on both sides of the wide street and leave a passage in the middle. This was always the rule

the bed. Up jumps the old hag and what was it but an old cailleachín. They jumped on top of her and tore her asunder. They then went to Páidín's house and brought home the baby and reared it up and when she was reared up didn't Páidín marry her and they reared the most beautiful family in the Parish of Foxford, but the fairies never again middled with Páidín Ó'Ceallaigh or trusted him with anything in this world. Críoch Fuair mé an dá scéal thuas ó Tomás Mac An Ultaigh. Caladh Béal-Éasa Béal-an-Átha Co. Shligigh

certain hour. On hearing this Páidín Ó'Ceallaigh made it his business to march over to Seán's house and tell him what happened at this certain hour the night before. "Its not your child that's dead" said Páidín, "I have her beyond with my mother". "Nonsense" said Seán, "whats coming over you at all Páidín or is it mad or out of your fuling you are, come in isn't the child over board." "I will go in" said Páidín so in he went and over with him in the bed. "That's not your child my good man" said Páidín again, "put down a good fire there and a pot of water and I'll soon let you know whether she's yours or not." Seán put down the fire and water and sure enough he got a saucepan and filled it with hot water and threw it in over the corpse in

of um. The following days the affairs he had borrowed he went to return now, to send em home and when he went to the field there was a black cow in the field before him, a black cow with stuaicí horns. He missed a six-foot crow-bar and she had the six-foot crow-bar chawed and an axle as well in as for as the collar. He didn't mention was she an enchanted cow or no but she must be an enchanted cow for the lake is near the place. She must have came from the lake. It was James Cotter that told me that. She was one of the men that was in the crowd. He lived at Caolchoill. He's dead fourteen years now.

There was a man telling me one time, he said there was a faction of men turning out stones in a place by the name of Shiplough. They call it Cuan Luinge in Irish. 'Tis near Dunmanway. The day before the faction of men came the owner of the place borrowed crow-bars and axles of ears and picks from the neighbors for the following day. The following day they went for the stones and they turned out a heap

This night very late Paidín Ó'Ceallaig was coming home from his visit and passing this house he noticed a baby in someones hands and it being handed out the window as if someone should be outside to take it. On seeing this Paidín walked over took the baby in his arms and brought it home. He explained the whole matter to his mother and she believing him put the baby to bed and cared it until next day. However the story went out that Seán De Burcás youngest daughter was dead that she died last night at a

Well that was a king of a time and he had -- only daughter, and he would not give her to any man but a man that would kill swim at a blow. Several men was gone for to get the daughter but they was all put to death. So Be Gor there was a tailor by the name O. Jack Barry, abs he was sitting this day above in the table, and he spared leg on a trousers making it. So thus was a bit of a newspaper thrown on the table mean him, and before he picked it up and he started to need it. Be for he saw it given down in the paper about the king that had a daughter and would give

"we'll take Ireland with wasted apples so long as we are able to buy the Irish for money".

" I heard me mother sayin' they'd have a man for three pence a day an' his support working in the rough bog an' making land of it and glad to get it. We used to have another man, an' his wife an' son id come after him to be supported" Note. It would be interesting to know how the youth of de present day would bear uh against such abject poverty. They have lost the faith and forbearance characteristic of the post.

To quarrell for riches I ne're was inclined The greatest of misers must love is behind I'll purchase a cow that'll never run dry And milk her by twisting her horns Join Daimes of Fronhill had plenty of gold Devonshires measure had twenty-times more There laid on their backs among nettles and stones Is féigamid súid mar eathá sé. Now for the future I mean to be wise I'll send for more women who acted so kind I'll marry them all tomorrow [?] by If the clergy agrees to the

bargain When I'm laid on my back an my soul is in peace Those women will crowd and cry at my wake Their sons and their daughters Will offer me their prayers The Lord to give rest - to their father

The bruthóg was prepared and she ate the spuds. that occurred in the morning. But soon afterwards her mother got a bad turn and the priest was sent for. He came about ten o'clock. He did not think there was any immediate danger of death. Informant had dreamt that she had been called out of her sleep by her godfather, whose name was John McCarthy. She also dreamt that two rings had been handed her. Her mother expressed a desire to sit up in the kitchen for awhile. She came up and was quite comfortable. Two Marys came in soon after that: one, a first cousin to informant, and the other a neighbor. They told informant that their minds had been a little troubled during the morning, and they could not explain the matter. They had decided to come over and find out if all were well. Quite suddenly her mother collapsed and died in the chair. It was a good thing that the girls had come.

One of the most important of the castles owned by the O'Keeffes was situated at a place called Drom Socáin, not far from Mill Street. This castle was known as the Bóinn. Rinuccini, the Papal Nuncio, spent a night at the Bóinn and was lavishly entertained there by the O'Keeffes. He was surprised at the great hospitality extended to him. They killed several oxen. Rinuccini questioned the people of the locality

In olden times when a farmer killed a pig, the sausages were filled and some were given to the neighbors. That was a custom. Usually, there were only two meals in winter, in the course of the day. The dinner was taken very late in the day and that also served as supper. The days of course were very short.

Nation was the Landlord of all this place one time years ago I don't remember it. He was married and had six daughters and no son He had no money for them when they came of of age to marry. so he made six divisions of his land and gave them a part each This is how he divided it He gave Billerough to to one of them and she married a man called Moreland. He gave Billerough to another and she married a man called Cotter. To the next he gave Baillinamadock, she married Sherlock. The next got Lyreen

Farmers kept a close look out for witches on May morning. The belief was that witches went out on that morning before sun-rise and gathered

they saw smoke coming from some other chimney first. People did NOT strive to be the first to light a fire on May morning - it was the other way about.

A coal would not be lent to light a neighbour's fire on May morning. You mightn't ask for the like, for you wouldn't get it. Fire was regarded as symbolic of the luck of the household. It was not considered wrong to put out the ashes on May Day. It was considered wrong for a neighbour to light his pipe on a coal in another person's fire on that day. The old people were careful of the fire, the water, and the dew on the grass.

they saw smoke coming from some other chimney first. People did NOT strive to be the first to light a fire on May morning - it was the other way about. MAY DEW: - Farmers kept a close look out for witches on May morning. The belief was that witches went out on that morning before sun-rise and gathered

"tá an lios le thémidh". D'imigh na mrá amach agus iad ag gáireidh. Dhruid an bhean an doras ortha. Tamallt 'na dhiaidh sin tháinic siad go dtí an doras arais agus d'iarr siad fágáil isteach. D'iarr an bhean ortha imtheacht leó, nó, nach bhfuigea... siad isteach. Dubhaird siadsan: "caithfidh muid fágáil isteach ags an stólar chúl a chinn". Dubhairt sise nach rabh stól ar bith ar chúl a chinn anseo, agu imetheacht agus a thógáil. Ansin sheas siadsan amuig ag an doras go dtí gur scairt an coileach ar maidin agus ansin d'imigh siad.

passing her by, and, she said that put spatters on her silk dress. She summoned him to the next count and timed him 10/- About three weeks after Casey's cow went in trespass in Riordans land and as luck happen 'twas Egan caught them. Egan urged on his boss to summon her, an he did. to the next count. Egan, to have his own back went an swore on her an she was fined thirty four shillings. Everyone could make rhymes that time and Egan was as good as the best of them. He made up couple a verses about her. this was

There was a labouring boy below here at Riordans about fifty years ago. He was from some back West, Mick Egan was his name. Well Coreys were living in Coolmohan that time and and their land was boundsing Riordans when ever the cows would be in trespass in Egan would be always sent to put them out. One day he put them out and drove them down to the house, he met Johanna She was an awfull barge an she abused him, she said they weren't trespassing at all. That was alright, the Sunday after he was going to Mass. an she was at Mass too Coming home, he was

churning, as already described. If a hare was seen sucking a cow's udder, and and if that hare was a witch in disguise, it was said that no dog could catch her except a dog that was completely black and hadn't a white hair on any part of it's body. It was said that a witch could skim the dew on the grass on May morning - she skimmed it with a rope or a thread, and in that way she was able to get the farmer's milk or butter. The witches were also said to tie rows of threads between BOUGHALANS - this being another method of stealing the milk and butter from the man that owned that particular farm. (Writer's note:- There were stories of a witch using a "dead hand" when marking up

A good remedy for colic in a horse is three ounces of spirits of Turpentine and one ounce of tincture of opium. Put them into a pinto of ale - warm ale;

Thimpeall Sliabh Challán bhí comhnuidhe air Conán Maol. Bhí fear a lorg eólas a thígh lá, gairid don Sliabh. Casag fear air agus thuig sé in aigne gurbe Conán féin do bhí aige do réir an tuairisc do fuair sé air. Mar d'airí sé ins an túirisc sin go mba duine Conán do bhíodhach a trácht go h-olc air ghach naon. Bhí Conán a shiúbhal an bóthar dó féin nuair do thosnuig Conán a caoinnt go h-olc air gach duine a tárnuíghag anuas. Ní raibh aithint air bith roimhe sin aig an bhfear seo air Chonán. Ins an deire d'iarr Conan air an bhfear: "Cá bhfuil tú a dul!" "Tá mé a' dul go dtí tigh Conan Maol na Mallacht" d'fhreagair an fair. "Sin é tá anois agat air an mbóthar mise an fear sin" (d'fhreagair) dúbhairt Conán. D'aithin mé air do chaoinnt gur tú bhí agam" Cén nós air aithin tú mé?" d'fhiafruig Conan. "D'aithnios" adubhairt an fear "i dtaobh thú bheith trácht go h-olc air ghach uile dhuine." Fuaireas ó Seumas Ó Donnachadh , Sliabh na Cnocán, Murraíoch. D'airigh é aig na sean daoine. Roinnt ceartú air na focaile.

One day on my rambles Through Inchaconn village I strayed And not being embarrassed With any thing there I Delayed I heard two young warriors contesting in fierce Debate And their funny pastime With candor I now Relate Then Butler insisted by improper rules Are there the manners you formerly thought in your schools If you lay hold on my Pegin I'll certainly break your face Sure that the bottle will end at your own disgrace

There was a little hunchback livin’ in a part of Kerry long ago, an’ his mother was dead, an’ his father was out workin’ all day; an’ his brothers an’ sisters used be killin' the poor little hunchback so one day what did he do but put his bags on his back, an’ stole out of the house — he said he couldn’t stand it any longer, or he wouldn’t stand it any longer! He’d go out an’ make his fortune for himself in the world, an’ maybe his oul’ “block of timber” — the name they used to call his hump wasn’t as bad an’ as funny as they thought it was when they’d be gammin him about it out. He went on all day anyway, an’ never let up till the dark was beginnin’ to come down; an’ then he began to think where ‘d he find shelter for the night; or what would he do at all; an’ he began to get sorry he ran away, for no matter how bad ‘twas, ‘twould be worse to be devoured by some wild animal, or

Any kind o’ cock is lucky but they used to say that there was nothing to bake (heat) the march cock. Any house that there 'ud be a march-cock in they used to say that there was no fear o’ the devil comin’ near the house. People used to go all over the country before now to get eggs that a march cock would come out [?]. There ‘isnt as much thought about them now as there was when I was a girl.

I knew a man used skin dogs, red dogs, yes, setters, an' he used make a mat outside his bed with um. He was from Ileigh.

Seven generations ago Cureenee was an untenanted plain and one woman came there from Emly an' she's the mother of them in Cureenee. She had three in family and you have The Ryan Tadhg Óg, The Ryan Tadhg Géags and the Ryan Rogers in Cureenee since and around the place.There was an established fair in Cureenee by her on the commonage there, it is nobody's land. They call it "The Fair Green."
(1) A townland in parish of Templederry.

Maggie (1), we didn't think of Davey Conway in Jack Collin's bog in Knockbrittas (2) His son is living yet. Ole Davey had a school there ad he used tach there in his own house. Rody The Schoolmaster that was in Doon, he had a son an' they used call him Rody The Master too but he was atin' in a house one day an' 'they' was a tool in the place an' he came in an' the fool says:
(1) Maggie sin í bean Phearsaí. (2) Townland in the parish of Kilcommon.

I heard of a boy who was livin' here an' his mother was dying an' the boy went for the priest for his mother and he met the priest at The Cross (Kilcommon Cross) an' he told the priest an' the priest said he could't come that he was goin' to Réi' (now called Rearcross)"'Pon my sowl (soul), "says the boy, "if you don't come to anoint my mother I'll strip the jacket off you".
Do something for th' ole aingiseór

how it went.
I am an airy Rambler The country men do know Trambled to Coolmohan The chapel for to go An' I returning home again Behold I did espye She swore I walked slowly But indeed she swore a lie She had a fine silk dress The spatters it did stain She never wore that dress Since with spatters it was stained She fined me ten bright shillings I had to pay down on the nail But I fined her fine and thirty All on the next court day.

There was a [?] boy with a farmer down at Inchaconn. Inchaconn is about a mile and a half from Anglesboro down towards Galbally.
Anyway a teacher, a school teacher used to stay now and again at the farmers place 'Twas the custom then that the teacher go home every night with some one of his scholars. the teachers had no house of their own. This teacher, Walsh was his name was coming too often to this place and they were fed up of him. They said, however they'd manage it that they would get done of him When he came first he was very shabby and unshaved but after a bit he was a

'Twas a 'droll' name. Twas in his own little house he used be teachin' and 'they' was a little hand-bridge goin' across to the house over the strame, only one boord (board) in it. He was 'pock' - marked an' some of the scholars used say he had an oaten-male face but the cuttlins fell out of it.John Kelly of Gortahoola was a small bad-lookin' little man. 'They' was another school in Reenavanna, 'Tis in the parish of Doon in Limerick. That's where Dan Breen was from. 'They' was a school there, they called the master Rody The Master. He as better than Kelly whatever an' Hanna The Mistress, she was his wife. I suppose she used be tachin' something.
(Mrs Patsy Devitt) (I spent till I was eight or nine years of age goin' to Faill a' Ghabhair school an' after lavin' Faill a' Ghabhair I went to Turraheen to Jerr James, Ryan, to the national school.) Conny The Bog, I suppose he was Ryan. He had a school in Currach Mairce. I remember a girl who was goin' to his school an' what his daughter used say to um was, "Cock your eye on your book, dear." The daughter was helpin' him in the school. My father was very good to write an' the way he learned to be good, didn't there a writin' - master come round to

That saw is a part of a cross-cut but the smith made that handle for it in the forge and 'tis the only saw we have.

One day in December I nee'r shall forget
A charming young lassie I first met. Her voice was like the rippling rill Twas slippin' and thrippin down Highwood Hill Me fol the dal doodle dam Fol the dal doodle dam Fol the dal doodle dam Bumble um bum. II Sez I me fair damsel you must me excuse To partake of me arms she did not refuse Her arms slipped in mine, an' we felt a love's thrill Twas slippin an' thrippin' down Highwood Hill chorus. III And now we are married and children has three Bur me and me wife can never agree. She called one of them Tommy and the other one Jill Sez I call the other buck Highwood Hill Chorus

Twist was a landlord near Birdhill. He had two dogs, "Parnell" an' "Davitt" and one morning when he went to open the door there was a terrible weight on the door and the two dogs, "Parnell" and "Davitt", were hanging on the door dead.

A poor scholar was travelling along. He came to this house where he knew a confinement was about to take place. The neighbors were all gathering in and the house was full.
He asked the owner of the house for a night's lodging "You can't get it" says the man. "The house is full of relation of the wifes', and neighbors." That would not do the poor scholar. he said he would lie anywhere if they let him in. they did. The poor scholar knew the Birth was about to take place, but the people of the house didn't know that he knew it. He said to delay the Birth, that it was an improper time. they said they couldn't and questioned the poor scholar as to why he made the remark. He replied that the child was coming to the world at an unlucky hour. that it was born under a planet and would commit suicide before the age of 21. The child was born by this time, a female child. The father was in great trouble

and he asked the poor scholar if there was any remedy or any way of preventing it. He said there was, by bringing her up in the fear and love of God and makeing her do everything in the name of God
She did this. everything she would be doing. She would say "In the name of God." They took her to mass every Sunday She was nearly 21 when, however it happened she was left inside from mass one Sunday. The father and mother went to mass and didn't think of the planet until they were in the Chapel. they came home straight away to the house. they couldn't find her. they heard a noise in the barn, and went out. there she was throwing up a rope. Every time she'd throw up the rope she'd say "In the name of God." The rope wouldn't stay up and she was saved. She was 21 a short while after.

Holy water, and two blessed candles
He should make a ring close to the road with holywater and blessed candles to stand in the ring then and watch for the second last horse a grey, there would be a grey horse second from the front but not to mind that one. on the second last grey she would be up behind wan he should whip her straight in to the ring or all would be lost The husband was waiting at the spot the following Thursday night and on came the crowd all on horses He watched the grey and caught his wife as she passed. he pulled her into ring. there was an awfull uproar, but they could do nothing to him or his wife no one of them could come in-side the ring He took her home and they were very happy. they had three or four in family after. That happened at my Grandmother place in Kilcoroon near Ballyporeen.

This is the remainder of the story entitled "Herosia", which I didn't finish in the last book.Then Herosia and the king's youngest son went off to the chapel in a coach to get married. As they were going along the road, Herosia spied another woman on the roadside, even more ugly-looking than herself, and she said to the prince, "this is an old friend of mine, that often helped me as I went along, so I must give her a ride now in the coach."
So they stood and told the old woman to come into the coach. After a while, the prince got disgusted looking at the two ugly women, so he came out and walked. When he arrived at the church, he went to the carriage and opened the door for Herosia to come out, but to his great

one evening we fell asleep on top of the rock. When I awoke I could hear voices down below me snd right enough there was one of the boatmen named______ & an American tourist.
"This is the spot now, Sir. Just listen to me I'll tell about a man'll hear a wonderful echo" He hollered at the top of his voice: 'Are you there, Paddy Casey?' As quick as lightning I replied "I am, I am" snd destroyed the real echo. I thought Kal Larry would get nonplussed. Not a bit of it, man. He turned to the Yank as cool as a cucumber & said "Now, where would you find an echo likethat?" "Well, I guess I have travelled the whole world but this is the first time that I have heard an echo like that. I wouldn't have missed it for the world" and he gave poor embarrassed Larry a half-sovereign on the spot. That Yank was half-way back to the U.S.A before he saw the joke.

You needn't go as far as Kal for an echo.
There's a great echo at the Carlow Bán Rock. Favourite haunt of ours in the summer. We row out, get up on the rock and spend the day fishing. The boatman make a lot of money out of the echo. They bring out tourists to hear it. The usual words used by the boatman is Are you there, Paddy Casey? These words are supposed to evoke the best results. Father Prendergast and myself were out fishing

one evening we fell asleep on top of the rock. When I awoke I could hear voices down below me snd right enough there was one of the boatmen named______ a an American tourist.
"This is the spot now, Sir. Just listen to me I'll tell about a man'll hear a wonderful echo" He hollered at the top of his voice: 'Are you there, Paddy Casey?' As quick as lightning I replied "I am, I am" snd destroyed the real echo. I thought Kal Larry would get nonplussed. Not a bit of it, man. He turned to the Yank as cool as a cucumber & said "Now, where would you find an echo likethat?" "Well, I guess I have travelled the whole world but this is the first time that I have heard an echo like that. I wouldn't have missed it for the world" and he gave poor embarrassed Larry a half-sovereign on the spot. That Yank was half-way back to the U.S.A before he saw the joke.

Just the same as in the case of caul the old people would go to a lone bush at 12 o'clock at night, and get some of the clay beside the bush and bring it home with them and rub it to their houses. This was supposed to save them from the effects of the "evil eye."

grease or greasy oil, such as sweet-oil to the animal's skin. The beast would have to be rubbed two or three times with greasy stuff or oil. No fly will light where there is greasy oil.

Bots come in this way. The flies lay eggs on the horse's legs - they are yellow eggs - and the horse licks them and takes them

into the stomach. The bot grows in the stomach till it as big as a grub. They feed on the stomach and eat it away till it is as thin as as veil. All the bots do not come to maturity, but some of them do and they riddle the stomach. If they are got in time there is a medicine that kills them but I don't know what it is. I saw them taken out of the stomach. The eggs are yellow, and they should be cleared off and deadened. They should be scrept off.

(From Miss Finnerty, N.T.; heard it as a child from her mother and from Jude Regan).Once upon a time there lived a wee wee woman and a wee wee man. One day the wee wee woman made a cake and put it in a pan on the fire to bake. When the cake was ready the wee wee woman said: “tis time to turn the cake”. And the wee wee man said: “No, let you”.
So the cake got up and ran away as fast at it could out the door and the wee wee man threw his chair after it, but he did not knock it down. And away went the cake, away, away — until it met a woman and she bittling in a can. “Where are you going?” said the woman and she bittling in a can. “I’m going away,” said the cake, “from a wee wee woman and a wee wee man, and from you if I can.” “Well, you won’t go from me,” said the woman, and she bittling in a can, throwing the bittle after the cake, but she did not knock it down. And away went the cake away, away — until it met a pigeon in a pan. “Where are you going?” said the pigeon in a pan. “I’m going away from a wee, wee woman and a wee wee man; A woman and she bittling in a can, and from you if I can”;

I'd get into a 'hoult'.
I don't read any papers, an' I'll tell ye the truth, I don't have time. The bit o' time I have after my days work is spent getherin' a bit for the fire an' a 'turn' o' furze for the donkey. Then we have the Rosary an' off to blanket street. The best way for a poor family to live, is to buy only what they can pay for on the spot. 'Tis no use for a poor man to be takin' things on 'tick', for I tell ye small things wouldn't be long risin' a bill, an' a poor man can't ever expect to become rich to pay it off. If we want a things badly we must try an' spare up every penny we can till we have the price of it an' then buy it. That's the only way for a poor man to keep his head above ground.

May. But you see they'd not like cows o' grass after that.
Well when a cow comes in calf an' dries off of course I must keep her till she calves agin'. We can't expect to have a cow milkin' the whole year round. Oh yes. we do, we keeps three sows sometimes we have four. We don't fatten any pigs. We sells all out 'bonvies'. They are proftiable sometimes. We couldn't make a livin' out o' the cows alone. pigs an' fowl will help. Oh. to the 'creamery' we takes the milk. The work o' the farm is done by the owner. 'Tis his horses an' men must do the ploughin' for us. I must provide the seed oats thats all. The owner must get all the grass an' cloer seeds. I must get the mangold an' turnip seeds too. but the tillin' for 'em must be done for me. The straw an' oats are my property too an' the hay an' turnips an' mangolds. They are all wanted for the winters feedin'. All the manure made in the yard in the winter must go on the farm for the crops

In an article in the Belfast weekly News by an unknown writer describing the Mannot of Artva and its orange Lodges same Ten years ago, it was wound up by a declaration that the writer never knew how the Mannot came by its name. In coming home from the fair of Yalleshandra on the 22nd of June 1908, I got into conversation with an old man named Ne Kevrman, who gave me the following traditional history of his people with such earnestness and with deep effected feeling that I still believe it to be True. He stated that his forefathers owned all the land around Killeshandra, and on to Aova, but that by their taking the part of king James against King Welliam in the war at that time, they were hunted from their homes, chased into the country Longford where they were surrounded slaughtered and buried in a place named Galdragh. He knew the very place. I learned that not one Catholic man or woman in the parish of Drumard know anything about who are buried in that unconsecrated grave ground, or from whence they came. There is a mearing running through the plot of ground dividing it between a protestant and a catholic former, and human bones are dug up whenever any of those two fields are laboured. I heard a labouring man telling 50 years ago that while he was labouring close to those graves he was turning up mens' shin bones. I would never know who were buried there only for having met with that old mean. P Sam Duffy. Febr 22nd 1929

A cow is considered old at twelve years, but it has been known of cows to have given milk for fifteen years. Old people when discussing the age of a cow often remark, "Tis long still she'll be as old as Applebe's cow that had fifteen bull calves, and an udder dragging the ground." This cow was taken to a show where she won a prize, but died a few days afterwards. Old superstitious people remarked, "that's what he got by showing off his fine cow, didn't he know well that somewan would overlook her." Farmers like to dispose of their old cows when they fetch a reasonable price at the fair either in calf or any. A very old cow is "thrown away" for little or nothing. She is also unprofitable on the farm, as her milk is "poor," not in quantity, because they often yield more than heifers, but it is devoid of butter

I heard this story from an old man one time as a crowd of us was sittin' around a fire of a night in a house where I used tohave a danein' school. An' this is the way he told the story as good as I can remember it: In that parish, long years before, of course, there was a small farmer livin' alone with his two sons - two twins, but you'd never think they were twins, or brothers at all by lookin' at them, because they was as different in every way as a camel from an ass. Their mother died after they was born, an' the farmer never again married, although he was a strappin' young man at the time. Well, as I say, the two brothers, although bein' twins, was the opposite of each other in looks, an' manners an' everything else. Their names was Patrick an' Joseph. Paddy, as he used to be called was a grand out of a young man before he was twenty years of age at all. She was very fair-complexioned an' he had dark-brown hair, shinin' like red-gold, an' all in curls on the top of

There are only two ways in this district and districts adjoining, in which cows are given names. Some prefer such names as Daisy, Buttercup, Cowslip or the most appropriate name of a wild flower to suit their colour. In other herds we find cows named as "coffee cow" "murphy cow" "ONeil cow" and so on. These cows are cows that have been bought from men names coffee, murphy, and ONeil. There is much of the old time superstition still to be found in choosing a milch cow: It is considered by some to be very unlucky to keep mother and daughter in the same herd. When they need a cow to replace an old, or unproductive one they buy at the local fairs. In other herds we may find mother daughter, and granddaughter, and those people will tell us, they find nothing unlucky in keeping them. Their selection of a herd is a heifer out of the best milker.

The time for 'putting' cattle out at night varys. If a plentiful supply of hay and mangels is in store, cows will not be turned out until well into the month of May, When grass is more plentiful, on the other hand if the 'haggart' is empty, cows must be turned out often at the end of April. With those who have not a very plentiful supply of grass, and whose cattle feels the pinch of hunger in the lean months of March and April, the custome of leaving their cows out at dawn is very common. The cows are housed during the dark hours of the night; and some member of the family will rise at dawn and turn them to the new pasture until milking time in the morn. They are not allowed feed in this pasture for the rest of the day nor until it becomes more plentiful. Often a field reserved for hay had to be given over to feed hungry cows in Spring months. When cows have been fed on pasture

a chual i seo, agus chaidh i gu laighe
she heard this, and she took to her na leapa, is i ‘g radh rithe fhein gu ‘m bed, saying to herself that she would b’ fhearr leatha gu ‘n tigeadh am bàs gu’ prefer death to come for her, rather h- iarraidh seach gu feumadh i toil a than be compelled to comply with her h- athar a dheanamh. Thuit an oidhche father’s request. Night fell upon agus bha i anns an t-seomar as she lay in her dark dhorcha, agus ciod e chual i ach strathail chamber, and what did she hear but a fo ’n uinneig. Thog i an uinneag, agus chuir noise under the window. Lifitng the window, she i mach a ceann, agus choimhead i , agus put out her head, and looked about, and ciud e bha fo ’n uinneig ach gamhain donn what should be under the window, but a brown stirk “Tha thusa sin a chaileag bhochd” ars’ “You are there, poor lassie,” said an gamhain donn, “gu dubhach, bronach, the brown stirk, “in gloom and sorrow, agus thainig mise gus do thoirt air falbh and I have come to take you out as a seo. Tha ciste do mhathair ann an of here. Your mother’s chest is in the oisein an t-seomair, agus cuir ropa oirre corner of the room, tie it up with a rope, agus leig a nuas agamsa i, agus thig fhein and lower it down to me, and come yourself as a deigh, agus feir mise thu gu àite after it, and I will take you to a place anns am bi thu saor o bhoidean t athar where you will be free from the vows of your father’s

When the farmer wished to buy a cow for his stock, he never bought am aged cow, or a cow milked previously, his choice was always an "incalf heifer". There was always a dread that a cow milked previously was being sold for some fault, therefore to avoid any ill luck a heifer "in her first calf" was chosen. As a heifer after calving was always 'slow' to take drinks or warm mashes, the purchase of one was delayed until the young grass was plentiful in late April or early May. Although she may not "take her drinks" the grass would be a very good substitute, and would give her ample nourishment. The woman always accompanied the man to the fair when they were about to purchase a cow, and it was one of the womans choice that was always driven home. Although the mornings in early May are long and bright, they were active before the dawn. The woman busied herself boiling the kettle, with the dry bushes she had stored

There is a well in Bandon district known as the 'Surfiet Well'. People come from all parts for the water to cure surfiet in cattle. In this district when a beast gets sick, and the ailment is supposed to be stomach trouble, some member of the family will go immediately to the well for a bottle of surfiet water. It is a certain cure, and all that is required to get it, is to leave some object, such as a coin a button or a piece of cloth near this well, when taking the water. It is said it will not boil, but no one ever puts it on the fire. A protestant who did not believe in it tried to boil it, but failed, the pot broke on the fire.

(Heard from a butcher in the same village. He afterwards worked in the Royal George Hotel, Limerick)

The same Yank after spending many months in Killarney and doing all the sights was about to depart when a jarvey said to him: "You shouldn't go, sir, till you see the Deaf Stream." He described the virtues of the stream: a man could stand at one side of it and shout for all he was worth and the man at the other side of the stream would not hear him. The Yank agreed that it would be a pity to miss such a marvel and made a date with the jarvey to bring him to it the following day at the usual rate of so much per mile or so much for the day.
They left the town in great form next morning. The old Yank was full of buck and beans but when they had 6 or 7 miles he began to get impatient. "Not far now, sir," the jarvey would say keeping his eye out for a stream that would suit if the Yank started to kick over the traces. At last he drew reins and hitched his horse to a gate-post. "Here we are now, Sir." This was a little stream running through the middle of the field. It was only about 2 ft. wide. "You stand on this bank now, sir and I'll just step over the stream and shout for all I'm worth and I'll bet you anything that you won't hear this one." The Yank bet a quid he'd hear him. So the jarvey,

jumped over the stream and made the most extraordinary contortions with his mouth and movements with his arms as if he was shouting at the top of his voice. Finally he flung his hat in the air and gave a jump out of his body and gave, as it appeared to the Yank, three unmerciful roars. He jumped back and asked the Yank if he had heard anything.Not a syllable! It's the most extraordinary thing I ever came across in my life, but we'll have another go at it. Go back to where you were and I'll bet that you'll hear me when I shout. "All right, sir, doubles or quits!"
The poor Yank nearly put out his bundún rooting. Paddy on the other side with the inscrutable countenance his mouth open, his knees bent and one hand to his ear. Then he changed position and put up the other hand. At last he jumped back. "It's no good, sir, if you were shouting and bawling till morning I couldn't hear a sound from you." It's the most extraordinary thing I ever came across in my life. See won't I have the story when I get right home. Here's your money, Paddy. Remember I ain't the man to refuse to pay a bet won honest. I wouldn't have missed this for a thousand bucks. Hurry back and we'll have a drink on it."

Casey, the blacksmith from Oola, was one hard man. I tell you he's a tough client. He had a forge in Toem for years before he went to Oola. He wasn't long there when he said: I'd rather have a dog from Toem than a man from Oola.He was going into Limerick & he was fairly screwed. He waited at Grove's (the Yank's pub) until the last minute & nearly missed the train. The 'Sixes' were on in Limerick the same day & didn't my bold Casey hop into a carriage where there was a tall greyhaired

gentleman with a pair of specs cocked on his nose. This gentleman objected to the blacksmith's language and said "Do you know where I am? I am a K.C." " Arrah 'put it there,' says Paddy spitting on his fist, 'I'm a Casey myself!"

He was in Thurles at a horse fair on another occasion when he was a young apprentice. He got very drunk as usual and I suppose got into the wrong carriage. It wasn't a "Smokey" in any case. Paddy pulled out his ould durdun and lit it. A gentleman sitting in the corner objected immediately but Paddy put no more heed in him than he would in a child."You'll pay for this, you rascal. You don't know me?" and he took out his card-case and passed a card over to Paddy. Paddy never as much as glanced at the card but stuck it into his coat pocket. That drove the old gentleman frantic. He jumped up and started pacing up and down. When the train stopped at Dun-drum Paddy hit him at the turn and got out before he could stop him. The gentleman called a porter and ordered him to arrest that fellow: "He has violated"

the company's regulations. Stop him, man. I am a director and if you do not do as I tell you I'll have you sacked." The poor porter got afraid and ran after Paddy......
"That's alright, my man" says Paddy, "Here's my card" and he handed him the card the gentleman had given him. He nearly dropped dead when he read: "The Rt. Hon. Peter Paul O'Brien, Lord Chief Justice of Ireland." The gentleman at the window of the train shouted at him to come on: "What's keeping you". "You can go to hell" says the porter giving the green flag for the driver to start: "That was our Pete the Packer and he can do what he likes on this line and every other line for that matter as far as I know."

This story was current in Dublin and districts when I was very young:It was the last visit of Queen Victoria to Ireland during the International Exhibition, I think. One compositor on one of the evening papers was fed up with the royalist tripe which he had to dish up evening after evening.
He was handed "copy" one evening including the following:

"Half Dublin looked on in amazement as H.R.H. Queen Victoria etc drove down Sackville St and passed over O'Connell Bridge."
He lost his job but there were 7,000 copies of the paper in circulation before the error was detected. He got a job from Arthur Griffith. You see, this compositor thought the situation was rather delicate and accordingly used a slender vowel in the last word."

Michael Hartnett of the "Limerick Leader" was in charge of the "plat-card" during the Great War. He got fed up with announcing the capture of thousands and thousands of the "enemy" evening after evening. So he decided to prepare an announcement of his own. Weren't the people of Limerick amazed when they read on the plat-card of the capture of "483,792,643,942 Germans!"

My father (Pat Duilleog p)
Long ago when any member of the Royal family came on a visit to Dublin, all the imperial statues "got a card". On this particular occasion about the time of Fenians, a man was engaged to polish up "KING

BILLY", who saved us from Pope and popery, brass money and wooden shoes. He made a tip top job of it but continued to work until after dark. Then he came down the ladder and left his outfit in charge of two members of the committee, who were attending him. Before he slipped away, he spoke: "Watch and keep an eye to the Bucket for, faith, I'm not done with him yet."
He was never seen again but when the citizens of Dublin awoke next morning the "beautiful" statue was "ruined". His final dressing had been a liberal coat of vitriol (H2SO4) and that "played cock to tail with the brass or copper".

Talking about Paddy Casey of old reminds me of a story I heard about another smith. I heard this story when I was working around Emly. The smith's name was Supple. I don't know whether that was a nickname or not. He was just going to go to bed one night when a knock came to the door. He asked who was there and the voice said he wanted a shoe put up. The smith started grumbling about the queer hour of the night to be calling, but the man outside said he'd hurry and that he'd make it worth his while. Supple put on his boots and opened the door and

There was a big tall man standing there dressed in a red coat and high boots. He was holding the horse by the bridle.The smith kindled the fire in the forge and put up the shoe where it was wanted. Then the gentleman turned to him and said: "Would you like to see a good hunt?" Sure Supple would go to the neck in the Shannon to hear a hound yelp not to talk of seeing a hunt. So he said there was nothing he'd like better than to see a good hunt. Alright! says the gentleman bring out your horse.
The poor smith had no horse but the gentleman told him not to let that worry him. He brought him out behind the forge where there was an old plough waiting for repairs. He gave it a blow with his riding-crop and made a fine horse of it. "Get into the saddle now" says he to the smith, "but for your life don't strike the horse and don't open your mouth to him. The smith got up on the horse and jogged along behind him until they reached a fort. There was a whole field of horsemen waiting there, every one with a red coat and jockey cap and a pair of high boots with spurs. When all was ready the "whipper-in" let 1 We distinguish between "high shoes", "low shoes" and "high boots" i.e "boots", "shoes", and "riding boots" in mod. English.

on the Tullow-Carlow Road is called
gleann na muice duibheThe Valley of the Black Pig. When a great black pig appears there, the end of the world is at hand. A stray sow caused mild consternation there about 10 years ago. An Sruthán Between the Yellow Ford and Carlow there is a row of houses near a stream. This little hamlet is known as the sruchán . We dreaded the sruchán lads when we were going to school - wild, rough and uncouth. Between Tullow and Tullow Hill there is another little hamlet known as the sruchán . Bad name, also. That part of Tullow lying between the Bridge and the Fever Hospital is (or was) Teampall Bán. The graveyard [is on the] right hand side of eastern continuation of Mill St is the Mullán

The old people (and the young folk, likewise) imagine that the echo is the voice of the good people or else of some soul in distress speaking from rock, wood or deserted house. "Sure don't the good people speak out of the fort, too, sometimes, especially if you make too bold a shout near the fort. The fairy queen of Munster was banished to a white rock (on Carrig Lea) and she will cry out in reply to you if you call to:
There were 3 women from the Lane in Cappa that went down to Greenfield to gather a braisine when they were all away. They were gathering away around of the forest sticks until the voice spoke to them out of the wood and they left ropes and all there and ran for their lives. If they hadn't gone fairly lively it would be worse for them." (Miss Ryan Ref Duilleas p. The mission in Cappa closed last night in the Fair Green owing to the great throng. The empty chapel gave a perfect echo of the missioners' words as likewise did a neighbouring farm-house. "The fairies were there tonight" says a child to her mother. "I heard them talking after the priest from the chapel at McCormack's".

She / was / to / go /
for me and I pulled the leg & it gave a shot & went back into its place. I got a splint then & my bit of resin & bandaged it up & let her go. When I took off the bandage in about ten days she was as right as the mail. That goat got drowned after in the pool below the house. Omnes: She was to go! (Predestination: See page 111 lines 7-10) "Yes, she was to go. Nothing could keep her back. No use in wasting time or money on her when she was to go" or sometimes we hear "Twas to happen."

give you some ideas of your future. e.g. a ship. You will have to cross the water to seek your fortunes.

Told by Mrs. Murphy, Ballyrue, two miles from New Ross.
As long as Mrs. Murphy can remember her father used to tell the following story for 'fact truth' as she said: There lived at Rathgarogue 5 mils from N. Ross neighbours of Mrs. Murphy's father, named Denn. Two girls and a boy formed the household. The boy kept a pair of game cocks, cockfighting being then in vogue i.e. about 80 years ago. St. Martin's day came round and there was no cock at Denn's only the two 'games'. The girls made up their minds to kill one of the cocks - St. Martins day had to be honoured at all costs. So unknown to the brother the cock was killed. When he was in the pot boiling, the brother came in from the haggard for something or other, and if he did (to use her own words) "the devil such crowing and crowing as took place outside on the roast". Out they all went to see what was wrong and there on the roost was a cock the exact same as the one in the pot. "I thought you let out the cocks" said the brother, and he never knew the strange cock. He won all before him everywhere he was brought to fight. M.B. Dunphy.

I remember when this village was three times as big as 'tis now, when there was people living in all them broken down houses you sees there on the road. That field on the south side of the chapel inside the footpath. There isn't a house at all in it now. - well I see a row of thatch houses there along where the footpath is
(Bridesbridge - Paróiste Caisleáin Uí Liatháin)

There was a man from Tipperary named Hayes. I think he was known as the gallant farmer Hayes and he shot a landlord at his own door and then he left Tipperary and made for Ring and he was put out from Helvic of the Ring fishermen and put out to a boat that used to be waiting in the ocean for them and he was shipping off to Australia. Delaney killed another landlord in Tipperary and he came along to Ring for shelter and was in Cudding's House for a night or two. He escaped too. During the time that Father Matthew was giving the temperance pledge in Tipperary a certain man was asked to introduce the speakers and when he began to speak he meant to say something about drink itself so he started off. "Twas drink that put down Ireland." They all clapped. "Twas drink that shot the landlords!" They all

clapped again and "Twas drink that missed them." He had to be taken down from the platform.

I used to hear the old people say that in the old times Dungarvan was a great fishing port until the fisherwomen went into the sea and made muca marbha of themselves. They swam over to England and back again. There was a woman there and her husband was a fisherman and when he came home this night she was not satisfied with the catch and she began to abuse him. The woman next day was deaf and remained so for ever after until the day that she died. That is why I used to hear that the dish is not so plenty now as it would to be but I suppose the travelers are the biggest cause of all.

I used to hear them say that there was a great man in Ring called the saighdúir. He used to fight on the quay and was a noble man. He served in the army and I suppose that is why they used to call him the saighdúir.

The Casey's of Tallacoole that is near Clonea outside Dunganvan began to wake up the house. They tore down the thatch and they rooted up the flags and under the fag near the pine they found a cow's horn and it was full of gold sovereigns. That is how they got so rich. I knew the man that was working there and he told me.

I love my father and I love my mother,
I love my sister likewise my brother. I love my friends and relations too. Id forsake them all and go with you.I travelled Munster and Leinster Round, Dublin City and sea port towns, In all my ranging neer could I see, The curling looks of you grád mo chroidhe. The colour of amber was my loves hair, Skin far whites than the lilies fair, The honey drops of the morning dew, I sent half as sweet as a kiss from you. Come all fair maidens who hear my song never believe in a false young man. Now all fair maidens who would pity me See how my heart is breaking for you srád mo chroidhe.

“Talking about ships,” said Denis, “I never got such a fright as when I saw that quare ship off the Blaskets. We were fishing one night when all at once this ship came along all lit up she was and as she passed within hailing distance we all hailed her in turn till…”

roimhe. Ged bu riomhach gach maighdean
Though each maiden present was a bh’ anns an lathair, cha robh aon cho beautiful, none were as beautiful as maiseach rithe-se, agus bu mhòr eud gach she was, and great was the envy aon te dhiubh nuair nach tugadh mac of each one of them when the king’s son an righ sùil orra aon uair ’s gu ’n do nochd would not glance their way, once she had ise. Nuair bha uair aig a’ chuideachd appeared. When it was time for the company sgaoileadh bha esan a fuireach cho dlùth to go away, he was keeping as near her as dhi-sa ’sa b’ urrainn da, ach bha ise possible, but she was a feitheamh fàth, agus mu dheireadh thàrr awaiting her opportunity and at last she i as. Ach mhothaich an dorasair dhi, agus disappeared. But the door keeper noticed her as a deigh gu ’n tug e, agus cha do rug and after her he went, but was in time e ach air sàil a broige òir, agus dh-fhalbh to catch only the heel of her golden shoe and ise ’s dh-fhàg i a bhròg as a deigh. Bha’ n she vanished, leaving her shoe behind her. gamhain donn ’ga feitheamh, agus nuair a The brown stirk was waiting for her, and when thiodhlaig iad gach ni ’sa chiste, thill ise they had buried everything in the chest, she air ais do’ n chitsin-dubh, agus bhi i aig returned to the black kitchen, and was

when she gave the second laugh. The next thing he began to play his musical instrument and out with the bee and the mouse dancing. She gave a hearty laugh entirely when she saw them. "I have your daughter King" says Danielín "Yes Dan said he but there is one agreed that I must get. "Do you see the forest above?" said he. He pointed out at a tree he should bring him down to the great house. Well he got a saw and an axe to bring the tree to the king, there was a lion there and that's the reason the king sent him. So Danielín went off with his axe and saw to cut the tree and he carried his musical instrument with him for he'd go nowhere without it. So when he was just coming to cut the tree what came roaring but the lion.

Captain Burke that lived at Armagh was a bad man.
He had an illigitimate child with this lady, and the parish priest O'Kilbecarty asked him to marry the girl, and not to cause a scandal. When Burke got the priest's back turned he laughed and grinned at what the priest was after saying. The priest got a side-glance of him and caught him grinning. "Burke," says he "the one that'll live yet will see your grinning after your death!" Thanks be to God the priest's words came true. There was a grin on Burke's face after he dying, and anyone that wants to see the grin on the skull, can see it

The Lord with him did comply
He was reconciled to die And the supernal sent did all admire In his brother's arm locked [?]ire each mortal would be shocked [?]. To see this comely young man expire.Finis

I knew a rich farmer that used to keep about forty milkiy cows.
In the making of his butter he was always troubled with piseogs. One day he was cleaning his cow house he found a big lump of butter behind the cows in the wall. He brought it in and put it in the heart of the fire and he found the fire wouldn't melt it. It turned like a clinker. May Eve the piseogs wen supposed to be made so he put all his cows in the house that night and he put a man at every door with a pike to guard it. About eleven o' clock

When the corpse was being prepared for waking, her mother's two rings were handed to informant by a neighbor. He said "Take these and put them on your finger for safety." It happened exactly as in the dream and thoughts of the dream came back to her.
But some good influence had been guiding informant during the days previous to her mother's death because she had prepared everything - and yet she did not think her mother was in danger of death. Three members of her family died in the course of eighteen months: her father, her mother, and her sister. Her mother also used to rave. She said she had been in a fine house in Williamstown (a few nights before her death), and said the furniture was very nice. She also said that informant's father visited the house. (He has been dead for some time). Informant, of course, did not take it seriously.

Informant's mother was ill and informant slept in the same room, so that she could give her brother attention. Informant did not think there was any danger of death at the time. But one morning, as she lay sleeping in a bed close to the one occupied by her mother, she thought somebody called her by name and she sprang up. She asked her mother if she had called her, and she said she had not, and that nobody had done so. She went to sleep again and the same thing occurred a second time. She sprang up again and said somebody had called her. But her mother assured her that nobody had done so.
The jackdaws had been building a nest in the chimney and some of the little sticks fell down. Informant's mother said she would like to eat a few roast spuds and said that a nice little bruthóg could be made with the sticks.

An old woman in Kisceam was raving before her death. Raving was usually the sign of approaching death. Informant went to see her. (Informant's father was dead then). She said to informant: "Indeed they came for me last night and your father 'defened' me!" It affected from what she said that the fairies battled with informant's father. They were trying to carry the old woman and he defended her and won! The old people always paid "defened."Informant's father raved a little before his death. He mentioned the names of several of his relatives and said he had just been speaking to them. They were all dead then. Of course he had been just raving. He died soon afterwards.

little pigs, an' ye wouldn't believe how they helps us on. Only for 'em an' the price we cam make o' out little lambs we couldn't ever keep a 'rageen' o' clothes an' a little 'paireen' o' boots on the children.
We were able to buy a little donkey an' car after a while too, an' ye wouldn't believe but how handy he is to us now. The children can drive him to Mass or to the shop for their little messages, mossa, an' the woman herself can drive him. I have to work, mossa, from seven in the morning till seven in the evening. Wet an' dry tis all the same. Tis often when I comes in home o' nights my clothes do be soaked wet. I tried to dry 'em to the fire some kind o' way, but God help us, we can't have a very good fire. Mossa, fair as true as I'm tellin' ye tis often I put the wet clothes on me again in the mornin'. I can't affor to have a change o' clothes. I must try an' keep some 'dacent' bit of a suit for to go to Mass. I have only 'wan' pair o' boots for

Processes 1.At one time they would’nt be buying their scythes until 15th August.
2.Dagging i.e. (a) Mowing the side of the ditch (here always a bank) (with an old scythe-used to use reaper/ or hook. (b) or clearing away round edge of fields for mowing-machine. 3.“Turning the swathes” with a rake to let sun at under side. 4.Then “tedding” the hay or shaking it out. 5.If Rain threatens at this point the hay is ‘win-now’ed i.e. raked back into rough swathes. 6.Lapping - making “grass cocks” or “laps” i.e., little piles about size of a big foot-ball. There is a knack in the making of these. Hay in this form is fairly safe over a period of rainy weather. 7.Come a fine day, it is tedded again. 8.Next it is ‘gathered’ to make “rucks” (W. Fer-managh). A foundation of branches where the ground is

There was a man in Dingle-dee
Who (sot) set a garden full of seed When the Seed began to grow Like a garden full of snow When the Snow began to melt Like a man that lost his health When his health began to fall (fail) Like a bird against the wall When the bird began to fly Like an eagle in the sky When the sky began to rattle Like a man in bloody battle When the blood began to spill Like the winding (grinding) of a mill When the mill began to stop Like the pegging of a top When the top began to roll Like a nice chaney bowlper David Cantwell, N.T. Croom, Co. Limerick Taken down from Miss M. Finnerty, N.T. Croom, Recd. 19/6/39. [Original unfit for binding]

The old people knew a lot o' things that the young people today know nothing about. Its many the thing they used to do when they used to be

I often heard my mother sayin' the Lord be good to her I often heard her sayin that you should not use the band of a spinning wheel for anything else only what it was for or that was awful unlucky. I know when we were small an' she used to be spinning that sometimes when we'd get a chance of her that we'd

An' this is another thing that my mother used to do, the Lord be merciful to her. Always when she had the

There is another thing that people used to do as well when they used to be charming and I

I know that we were often told by the old people that if we were walking the road at night, that we

The old people used to say as well that the house should never be without someone in it or you

This is another thing that I heard my mother saying often. She would never let anyone of us to spit on the hanger. Of course maybe you would

Sometimes a dog leaves the house that he is in an' he is in an' he wanders about from place to place. Sometimes maybe a dog like that would come to your house

When the people used to be gathering corn in the harvest my mother used to say always that it wasn't right to gather the corn well, that you

That is another thing that my mother was terribly against, sowing on Sunday. She would be mad

They say that there is no bird as lucky to come an' build a nest in the wall of your

cannot come into any house that there is a horse shoe in. But you must always have the horse shoe pinned upside down. They say that it is unlucky to have it turned the other way. The ol' people used to say that anyway.
Nóta Seo mar bhíonn an crúdh capaill crochta ar na ballaigh san áit seo.

They said that if you were dreaming on Friday night, that you should not tell that dream on Saturday morning or that it was unlucky to tell it. I heard my mother sayin' often that if you were dreaming of the dead you were sure to hear from the living soon. They said it was lucky enough to be dreaming of the dead than to be dreaming of the living. Thats what the ol' people used to say an' thats all I know about it.

The ol' people used to have great faith always in dreams. They knew what was to come out o' the dreams always. If you told then that you were dreaming during the night they would be able to tell you what was the meaning of your dream

The old people would'nt like to be dreaming o' priests atal. They used to say that it was awful unlucky to be dreaming o' priests. I was dreaming of priests

When I was up in Achill I often heard the ol' people tell of a priest who opened the bridge there with

Ara isnt it many the thing the ol' people used to be saying when you think on it, they used

Some people when they are going to bed on Hollow Eve they pull out the ashes on the hearth over

stable as the swallow. It is the same thing if he builds a nest in the wall o' the house. You should never try to banish him out of it. You should be very careful not to make any noise that would frighten him out of it. It is very unlucky for you they say the swallow to leave your house if he has a nest in it. If he has a nest in it one year an' not to return the next year to build a nest in the same place, they say that it is awful unlucky. Some people would be as pleased the swallow not to come atal in ease he would have the luck with him if he left you again.

They say that horse-shoe is very lucky to have in the house. They say that the devil

of anyone that was dead that the first thing that you should do when you wakened up was to say a prayer for the one that you were dreaming of. They say that that is why they say that they come to you in a dream atal. They want you to pray for them. They will take it ill of you they say if you don't pray for them if they come in a dream like that to you. I know that I always pray to anyone that comes in a dream to me like that.

They used have a vessel deeper than a bucket, and they used melt the tallow in it.
They used have a double wick then and dip it down into the tallow with a bit of a stick, a straight bit of a stick, and draws it up again. When 'twould cool they would dip it down again and they'd keep dipping it until they'd have the size of the candle. Then they'd make another the same way; and they'd make as much at the wan time as would do

It's many the time one he's dreaming of the dead. They say that if you were dreaming

they do be getting married. They always go the long way around. It is the same way coming home, they will not go a short cut. They do come home the same way they went. Since they cannot go a short- cut now for they have a car employed but before now there was no talk o' cars atal an' the people had to walk it an when they had a long way to come to the chapel maybe sometimes they could make a short cut across but they wouldn't.

I used always hear that the fairies used have to have a live man - some man from this world - with them, to lead them on their rambles at night.
There was an ould man living in maeroney and he was supposed to be going with them at night, Ould Morooney was his name. They used to be harliy in the night time down in the cuckoo's nest (name of a field) near the Little Bridge.

you have to marry him look at him carrying the lion and the tree or he'l kill us all. The minister was sent for and they were married. 'Twas the usual thing for the minister to spend a week at the house after the marriage. Do that night when they all went to bed Danielín sent the bee up into the minister's stomach and he was buzzinf away inside in him. The doctor and another minister were sent for to see could they get him out and one thous and pounds were offered to anyone who could get him out. Well if failed them all but Danielín went up the night and he gave a wisper to the bee and out he came. So faith was it hat after a night or two

Beauty fare thee well'Tis the hour when happy fares
Smile crowned the taper light Who will fill our vacant places Who will sing our songs to-night Through the mist that float above us Faintly sounds the vesper bell Like a voice from those who love us Breathing fondly fare thee well

They say it is unlucky to be dreaming of silver atal, especially if you were dreaming that you were getting silver or that you were in danger of loosing all you had. That's what I heard.

the butterfly they say. I often heard that if a butterfly an' to lie on you that it was a sure sign that you would get a letter with good news in it. There would be money or some good news in the letter. The money itsel' would be good news.

his head. This mouth was always smilin', an' he was very pious an' religious, although he was a great dancer an' singer at the same time. Joseph, or Joe as he used to be called by everyone except his father, was as black as a shoe, an' as big an' hefty as a blacksmith. He was a terror for work, an' a terror for money. He'd rather cut off his hand than spend a ha' penny more than he could help. The father was very close, too, about the money, an' that's why Joe was his favourite of the two; because Paddy had no hoult in the money, an' he had no turn for farmin'. Just about his twentieth birthday, he got a bad fit of pneumonia an' pleurisy, an' twas by a miracle that he got better out of it at all. He was never the same again; his face was the colour of chalk, an' pure thin, an' he got very tall, an' thin - all round an' better lookin' than he ever was before in his lifwe - but not so strong. Well, people said that now or never Joe'd be his father's favourite, an' get the place after his death. A couple of years after, he got a stroke, an' he was given up for death. He called

Throughout this district cows are not 'housed' until the weather becomes very cold and severe. As a rule the week preceding Christmas is the time, this helps in a great measure to extend the winter's store of roofs, straw and hay well into the late spring months. Even some farmers, on mild nights in winter give their cows a 'run' on the fields, after milking at night; and gather them in again before retiring. Sunday night is the general night for "stalling", it is the luckiest night. On no account will they be 'housed' on Friday night for the first time. Farmers with little help feed their cows with straw and turnips immediately after their dinner. And drive them home as they return from their work in the fields. The farmer with help prefer to leave the ''finding' of the cattle' until their return from their work in the fields, 'a few gwauls' o' straw and a few baskets o' turnips wont take long at any time.

The curse of the 'evil eye' is still dreaded it is believed that a good milker can be made worthless by some persons wishing to have her or a cow as good as her. Should ill luck befall a good cow, such as sickness or a bad udder, this is certainly attributed to the "evil eye". A "good cow" or a cow with a "big stock" is never taken if at all possible, where too many will be looking for her. Their milk yield never boasted of among neighbours. She is only described as a fair milker. Cow houses too are described as lucky and unlucky houses. One farmer has permited out a house - an outhouse in which cattle have been found dead. It had been a dwelling house in early time, but no reason can be traced for the ill luck that befalls cattle that are housed there for a night. Throughout the district there are several

put that notion out og your head." Paddy said no more, then, only went over to the window lookin' out at the apple trees beginnin' to blossom. There was a high white-thorn hedge all around it, an' a few fancy trees alongside the hedge. Joe began to talk again, afraid of his life that he;s lose the land, an' thinkin' that if he had an chance at all twas to cut up poor Paddy as much as he could. "An'," says he, when Paddy was turned away, "wouldn't be half bad for him to spendin' an' squanderin' money, if he may work an' earn it. But, as I needn't tell you, he never killed himself workin' - an' isn't likely that he'll start now. Of course, if he had the place to himself he could afford to pay a boy to work it with him - but look at all the money that that'd waste. Look at what what would come to in a couple years if you put it into a bank to be gettin' interest out of it!" "That's two for youy," says the oul' man, "an' I can't give it to the two of ye, so I suppose tis you'll have it. But, remember, so long

Ailments and their treatment. When a beast becomes ill, it is very difficult for the average farmer to diagnose its ailment. The first noticeable signs of ailment in a beast are the slackening off in the milk yield and the refusal to take food or any fluid. The local 'quack' was immediately called in and he, too, often had difficulty in finding the cause. "Turlach" was the name given to a very common ailment, with which the cow suffered much. It was an inflamation of the "bearing", and old, experienced men were quick to find it out. Once found, the treatment was simple and effective. Some salt was places on the fixe shovel. and dried over the fire, until it turned a dark, brown colour. It was then rubbed off hard all over the inside of the bearing. The cow was tied while this operation was being performed, the dried salt was

I used to hear the old people say that it was Sir John Keane who had the first engine. He ran it from Cappoquin to Dungarvan.

I used to hear from the old people that the best cure for a tooth-ache is the eyeball cure. It is some herb and I don't know it.

There was a woman who lived here on the Quay and she was a bean feasa. She was known by the name of ould Margaret and she often told my people many things that came true.

Daniel O'Connell one day met a minister and they fell into a chat and the minister asked Dan what a miracle was. So Dan thought of himself for a while and he said nothing. After some time he got the minister turned around and then he drew and gave him a good

There was a priest one day going along in his horse and that and he met a boy on the road and he had a hold of two goats and they were a bit wild. The priest passed him on slowly and he looked at him and the young fellow saw him and just shook his head at him. The priest became angry and he stopped the horse and he asked why didn't he put his hand to his cap for him. "Oh I would father" says the youngfellow "If you would come out and hold those goats for me." The priest drove off very quick and after he began to laugh over the answer.

The Barony of Forth
Excerpts for the "Past"The Barony of Forth women wore within the memory of man a peeked beaver hat like that worn in Wales, and by Mother Bunch on the stage; and a laced dark cloth boddice, with skirts of brown stuff, trimmed with rows of red galloon. M. le Gouz, who was in Wexford in 1644 noticed the napkin worn as a 'coif' in the manner of the Egyptians. Maidens were distinguished by having their tresses bound up by a simple riband. The French traveller observed the short bodices and the gathered - up petticoats*, which thrifty women when at work girded up with their sashes. He also mentions the women's hats and says their mantles were very large, of a brown colour and of which, says he, the cape is of a coarse woollen frieze in the 'fashion of women of Lower Normandy.' He adds, 'The people of Wachefort (Wexford) came principally from France.' (N.B.* Up to 20 or so years ago i.e. previous to the 1914 war the writer saw the S. Wexford women at work with their gathered-up petticoats which they had a peculiar way of knotting or twisting; the device never used open of itself so that work was uninterrupted or unimpeded by garments. M.B.D.)

My informant Michael Walsh lives in Ballinalecka officially known as Coolagagh. In former days he says this townland was just a dense hazel grove. The presence of the hazel or Coll gave the first part of the name Cool, which up to recently used to be pronounced Cull. The relief of the townland is very rugged and uneven. Hence the latter part of the townland lagach meaning "bounding in hollows" from log or lag meaning a hollow.

The Barony of Forth - South East Wexford.
Excerpt from "The Past," dated from Wexford 8th Sept. 1764."The gentlemen of the Barony of Forth keep up the old Irish hospitality to a greater degree than any people I ever was acquainted with. Their houses are open to all strangers... The plebeian sort live better than (any people I eve) the generality of any of their kind I fancy in the kingdom." The reason he gives is that they dwell with those who will reward their labours, and use them as fellow creatures."... These poorer sort of people have all snug and commodious cabins, good doors, but no locks; you may travel all over this barony and not see one, either on door chest or cupboard. They like those of the golden age, depend on the honour and honesty of each other, and scorn to surmise or suspect that their neighbours would be guilty of such unmanly and ungenerous actions as to steal. Here he mentions the "Mountain of Forth" as part of the bounds of the Barony, and says nothing can induce them to pass it, or stray from their own country, even a furlong.* (N.B.* Not even for a wife or husband do the 'Barony' people roam outside, with the result that all the families are related and it is said that nearly in every house there is a mentally defective girl or boy. But now this is being slowly mended by outside marriages. M.B.D.)

the falling sickness they call it. It is a kind o' stroke that they get and they fall with it an' they be's working themselves on the ground in a kind of a fit. Some people say that there is no cire for it but I heard the old people saying that it could be cured easily enough but there was one condition. They say that the first time ever that a person gets that sickness if he is caught before he falls to the ground that he can be cured but if he is let to the ground the first time that he cannot be cured or at least that it is very hard to cure him.

They say that the butter-fly is a very lucky thing to come an' to lie on you. There is nothing bad in

the falling sickness they call it. It is a kind o' stroke that they get and they fall with it an' they [?] of working themselves on the ground in a kind of a fit. Some people say that there is no cire for it but I heard the old people saying that it could be cured easily enough but there was one condition. They say that the first time ever that a person gets that sickness if he is caught before he falls to the ground that he can be cured but if he is let to the ground the first time that he cannot be cured or at least that it is very hard to cure him.

The Lord save us all from harm, that is an awful sickness that do come on some people

They used to say that if the first Teeth that a child got if they came in the lower gum, they said that that child would grow up to be a kind do (of) an amadán, that he wouldn't be as evil as another one. Of course the first teeth that a child get always come in the upper gum an 'any one that gets the teeth above first will be alright. Thats whether it's time or not but all the same I believe that there is some thing in it.

There was a Soup Field there in Newtown near Bantry. The protestants were giving it out. There was a house there at Godfrey's Cross where they used give out the soup. The Soup-house Field", There was a lot of the Sullivan Hurraigs turned that time.When Mister Barrett came here to Carraig an Eas, when he married one of the Sullivans there was no cattle in the place that time but what was in Caolchoill. 'Twas all sheep and crates in the middle of the fields where they used sleep and wool falling from them. (That was in Sullivans property in

The Buckleys were in the mountains in the bad times. They were from Killmichael. I had an aunt living east there and she said there were two big men in the bar times and 'tis the top of the hills they'd keep till the smoke of the dinner id come out of the chimneys. They were Buckleys and they were wild she said and they used bate their own legs with a stick so that they'd be able to run better for the dinner.

There is a fort in Cathair Muicí and crowd went down in the passage on time with candles. The fort is in Cathair Muicí Sullivan's land. They went down there with candles and they met a wall, the simplest wall they could meet and they couldn't stir a stone in it and they went and they got bars, short little bars they could use down there and they struck the wall and the biggest thunder they ever heard they heard it and they ran out and no one ever went there since.

He was a very hold man and they used be all surprised in the chapel when he'd go in a sunbeam id come in the window and he used throw his coat across the sunbeam and the sunbeam id hold it up.
One Sunday he threw it across anyway the coat fell to the ground and he wondered what had he committed I have no more of it.

I heard about a woman and every Sunday she'd have Mass she'd put a stone in the box and one Sunday she was late for Mass and she knelt down and she fervently said the rosary and she in a stone and when she got too old to go to Mass she opened the box and there was only one stone in the box and seemingly that could be the stone she put in the day she said the rosary.

it wasn't lucky for a person to meet a copper coin on the road if he was going on a journey. They used to say that it would be better for you to return home again an' postpone the journey if you met a copper coin. But they say that it is lucky enough to meet a silver coin if you are going anywhere. I know people mysel' an' they'd return home again if they met a copper coin on the road. Other people take no notice of it. I know that mysel'.

This is another thing that the oul' people used to say an' I believe that it is true as well

it wasn't lucky for a person to meet a copper coin on the road if he was going on a journey. They used to say that it would be better for you to return home again an' postpone the journey if you met a copper coin. But they say that it is lucky enough to meet a silver coin if you are going [?]. I know people mysel' an' they'd return home again if they met a copper coin on the road. Other people take no notice of it. I know that mysel'.

You know Baile Múirne. The place belongs to a minister, the burying-ground and where they give the rounds and where the well is.
The minister came and he closed up the stile going in there and when he had it shut up he sent his servant for the water of the well to boil some fish and after a space when the ought to be boiled he told her to look at it. The servant was a Catholic girl and she didn't

The Danes were in Ireland till Brian bórú banished um. The Irish for Brian bórú is Mara-Dá-Danadá. They used made the finest drink in the world off o' the heath. They had the whole of Ireland and I suppose you saw in the mountains a stone stuck here and a stone stuck there,

I knew Seán Crón well. He was a poor farmer that lived in Doire Uí Bhriain. Seán had a pig- a black

I knew Seán Cro=án well. He was a poor farmer that lived in Doire Uí Bhriain. Seán had a pig- a black

I went in to Jack Sullivan's where you're staying and he says "Dia Duit,"
And " Dia's Muire na Glóire dhuit," says I. Jack couldn't go any further.

The weasels were the Dane's cat. The weasels were the cats they had.

There were wild cats here. What we called the wild cat was cat cruínn. There is a gaff on the top of their tail. If you cornered um off they'd slash you with that and sweep so much of you. I see one of um. He'd be a lot larger than any ordinary cat. Some of um were black and some were 'speckled'. They had various colours like the home cats. There was a big flat mallet of a head on um.

did that", says he.
He gave um tho good spuds from that out. He'd gave servants to pick the praties, girls, but they'd (the diggers would) have to remove um though. The servants would have hampers picking um. You'd have to remove your own praties and I'd have to do the same as fast as the kish was full. I make the kishes and I have five of um down there in the garden and they are very handy in wet weather. You can fill um with praties and throw a sop down on um and they'll dry there. I don't use many sacks at all.

There were wild cats here. What we called the wild cat was car [?]. There is a gaff on the top of their tail. If you cornered um off they'd slash you with that and sweep so much of you. I see one of um. He'd be a lot larger than any ordinary cat. Some of um were black and some were 'speckled'. They had various colours like the home cats. There was a big flat mallet of a head on um.

fear that he might not carry out St Martin's order right! The young boy of a neighbor came in for his full halve o' the pig!

and she had not seen a stim for thirty years before her death. No one ever heard one word o' complaint out of her mouth on account of she being without the sight. You'd pity her to see her going around the house and her two hands stretched out from her and she trying to be feeling her way before her. Every day that the sun would rise on her she used to say the three Hail Marys in honour o' the Blessed Virgin Mary.
A young woman married into the house them, and no one ever heard a cross- word between the young woman and the old woman. If the dinner was ready at the table the young woman would nottaste one bite until the old woman would be sitting beside her at the table. They had a great nature for one another. Whenever the young woman would have

There was a man living near Kenmore and he used always were short breeches. When he got old, he got on ordinary long pants, and one day, soon after making the change the priest met him and he asked why was it that he gave up the breeches.
"Oh, well Father," says he, "I'll want a suit in the next world, and sure no one would wear these breeches for me." He was afraid anyone wouldn't wear the clothes for him, after his death.

If it so happens that the clothes will not fit this friend, then he'll put on so much as will fit anyway comfortably or respectably, and he (or she) puts the rest in a parcel and brings them to mass under the coat or shawl as the case may be for the three Sundays.

Termonfeckin a village situated in County Louth north of the R. Boyne and about 5 miles from Drogheda is famous for one Holy Well called Trinity Well.
It is situated in St. Fechins Valley at the foot of a hill called Laney Hill. The new Catholic Church which was built in the year 1883 stands on a hill opposite to the well and is separated from it by the Boyne Rd., which leads to Baltray and Drogheda. It can be plainly seen from the road as it is whitewashed and the stone structure over the well has a cement cross. At the back of the well is an immense beech tree and to the left is a large horse chestnut. In front, a few yards away from the well stands a hawthorn bush. It was first an ordinary well and about 30 years ago the village people built the stone around it but it has no protecting well. The stone cross over the well was one of the crosses that was broken when the new church was being built. It is not whitewashed. Outside the well are a number of large flat stones for walking on as this is generally very soft in the winter. There is a long path from the well to the road. B.O. Plunkett used to baptize children at this well and baptizing

Jack was wan day an the fair an the Dane cum up to him an' he axked him who honded him. Me mother do said he. The next timt said the Dane I'll meet you I'll give ye money. Jack run after the Dane: "Well ye promised me the next time ye'd meet me ye'd give me money, an' what have any man but his word, ye may as well (mayzwell) give me the money now." So he gev Jack the money. When he was so smart he took him entirely.
So this day they were goin' to hunt sum flaet - Jack an' the Dane. Ye'd better polish me boots Jack, he says, today. I'd have no use polishin' 'em, said Jack they'a get dirty again. Well so Jack wouled his breakfast an' the Dane toul Kacl he'd have no use atin' id when he'd be hungry again. So they got up on the two horses an' they were drivin' away. The Dane was prayin' an' Jack was fartin'. He met a man on the road. Where art ye goin' today Jack se he. We're goin' to Heaven said he. How could ye be goin to Heaven that way, surt ye never see anywan goin' to Heaven an horses. Sure we couldn't be goin' to Heaven, said Jack, a better way - wan

The Gabawn Saor he was a great masoner entirely an' at that time he was the greatest masoner in the world - he was able to draw out fishes on a castle, birds and all kind of fashions. But whatever they got a letter over from London from a gentleman - they should grier to build a castle for him. An begor they/she had a sheep skin this day an' they toal the son to gwoff an he was to bring home the money an' the skins. The son eum home whatever an' he couldn't sell it at ael. They'd only buy the skin an the Father wanted to have money an' the skins cumin' home. So they axked him why didn't he sell. An he said he couldn't, that there was two or three theyll to buy the skin, but he'd only have the money cumin' home then. "They'll buy the wool from you," she says, (the wool ill be on the skin.) An then he'd have the money an' the skin cumin' home (dee yee understand?) and the next day they sent him off wud the skin again. An they bought the wool from him that day, an' then he had the skin and the money cumin' home.

About ½ mile outside Carrigaline village on the road
to Shanballymore a small lane called Bóithrín an Muillinn leads down to a sea-inlet to the right of the road. On the left-hand side if the main road just opposite where the lane joins it is a stone (brimstone) set in the fence about 4 feet from the pathway level. The stone is worked as if it had been shaped and smoothed with a chisel. It looks like this:The Cross in the centre is worn to a depth of c. ½" into the stone by passersby. They used a small pebble which was kept in a niche beside the stone. People rarely make a cross on the stone now, I was told, tho' the grooves look as if they had been used fairly recently. Years ago people going to funerals queued up when they came to this stone and waited their turn to mark the cross. They then knelt on the roadside and prayed. Funerals did not (nor do they now) halt when passing. All casual passers- by marked the cross and prayed.

Fig. 1 Shows the old method of tying cows, the long spar with chains fastned in
In Fig. 2 we see a stall made of timber with little iron locks. This make of stall was considered very safe for young stock. once stalled they cannot in any way cause themselves injury, but said to be unsuitable for old cows, owning to the difficulty of trying to rise. Fig 3, is the more upto date stall, two cows are chained in each division, six feet being allowed. With some the uprights to which chains are attached and timber with timber seperations, others prefer concrete uprights and concrete seperations. This type of stall may be found in many places at present, but some of the older types may be seen also.

Here I am the Grandseignior known by the badge I wear

Here I am the Emperor of Russia, in costly robes I'm dressed
A terror to the Grand Seignior and a glory to the rest The Christian Standard I displayed , the Turk I did dispel And with my mighty fleet blocked up the Dandarell My royal arms such conquest made three marshals I laid low Which caused Mahommet's rapid flight from his great seraglio Those infidels I did subdue and ancient Greece restore And now the cross most brilliant shine the crescent is no more Proud Wellington you speak too much on Bony's cruelty Since I do find you aid the Turks against Christianity Your greatest efforts I defy, the Turks I will upset. And if I am provoked my sword to draw, you will not stand a whet When my subject-Poles rebelled, how dare you interfere May England mourn, and ne'er return and homward message lean So genteels all I must conclude though more I've got to say So enter in the Grand Seigniors and meet me on the way.

the neighbour id give them an new milk. To ate three praities and plenty of the cabbage was a feed. I used to steal the praities out to Gorman's that lived beside us."

wall, and the calves fastened to them with shugauns of either hay or straw
As years went by, and the fear of being penalised by the landlord for erecting new autoffiees was a thing of the past, staffs were improved or new ones built and a house for the calves erected All information go to show that this very old plan of stall was extremely dangerous for young cows, tied for the first time. When tied the first night, they were sprinkled with Holy Water, and allowed to remain tied until the family were retireing for the night, they were then unloosed and turned to the fields. This was repeated for three or four nights in succession before being left tied the night through

Cill Micíl (continued)
From con Dennehy.Church land - The Globe. There was a bit of landgoing with the old church at Cill Micíl. This piece of land was called "the globe". It is now divided up into the different forms. The islanders held that it was the worst fertile strip of land in the whole island. This Globe was bounded by four stones which bear the following names ; Garraidhe Árd, Crathach, Gort na Cille and Leadhb na Gabhar. (Rather there are the names of the places where the stones are). The stone at Crathach has been removed and the other three are there yet. The above rocks were about 300 yds. apart and the total area of the Globe was about 30 acres. The Church was at the centre of the space enclosed. In later times this land became the property of the land lord who had as its Ceithearuach or care taker one of the O'Sullivan family who built the tomb at the Abby burial ground.(I will speak of this later)

allowed taste of cola drinks for at least nine days after calving.
Another old custome that still survives, is the giving to poorer neighbours a share of the boisty or 'beastings' when cooked it is relished by young and old. When the vessel that it is taken in, is being returned, a little salt or an egg is placed in bottom. This serves to show that the receiver is grateful, that the person has no desire to cause injury to the new milch cow or her milk yeild. The custome of blessing and giving away of the 'beastings' is followed as every cow in the herd calves. There are others who bless their cows only with Holy Water, and others who place a silver coin in the bucket when the first milk is taken, this is supposed to ensure a good milk yeild for the season.

The milk taken from the cow at the first three milking is called "boisty milk" by some "beastings" by others, but the first milk is the most important.
The cow is given three pints of her own first milk. It is most essential that the calf should receive its first drink of its mothers first milking. In the case of a heifer, her quantity of milk may not be suffecient for herself and her calf, her own share is then curtailed, and two or three raw eggs given instead. The eggs are first slightly broken on the cows horn then put into her mouth, and she is forced to swallow then shells and all The milk or eggs is given as a stimulant after the agony at calving time, and to help the passing of 'cleaning' or after birth. Her mash of bran or oats is then prepared, it is given warm, in fact she is not

and with it the Sign of the Cross is made, first on the cows head, then over the shoulders, over the back, and over the shoulders.
As she makes each Sign of the Cross, she repeats, "In the Name of the Father, of the Son and of the Holy Ghost" She then turns to the udder and takes the lighted Candle around it three times, again repeating the words, and last all hair around the paps is burned off, learning the udder clean and bare. The pulling of loose or stray hairs during milking may irritate a cow and cause her to milk, and perhaps spill her milk. When this little cermony is over the candle is put before the cows' nose, that she may quench it with her own breath. It is the woman that will do the first milking, while a man will stand by, to soothe the cow. She being naturally restless at being seperated from her calf. At the first and second milkings, the udder is not completely dried out, a little milk is left, this helps, it is stated, to prevent "milk fever"

The Maybush, the last lingering survival of the days when the Maypole in the Village Green was the hub of festive May-day celebrations, was prominently displayed in many parts of the district on Monday. Although dancing and merry-making no longer play a part in local May-day celebrations, the survival of the Maybush shows how slowly old customs die out.

FISHING.—A slight improvement marked the opening of this week's salmon fishing on the Slaney, almost every crew netting one or more fish. A continuance of the improvement would be warmly welcomed by the netmen on the various stretches of the river.

her and the alarm was given to the barrack and the peelers couldn't track her was the four shoes was turned on the horse. She took back again, she didn't marry the man who took her she was married in Cúileceára after.She was all on cryin' when she was goin' on here and they didn't give her time to put on her clothes. I was young at the time. She was in a car, held there.
I'm thinking 'they' was somethin' about it by the peelers for they was gone five of um in five or six days. she was left in a friend's house by the man that took her.

In my (Kennedy's) time if a go-the-road came the way and he stopped in a house at night and if he had too much talk the lads would take him out and "elevate" him, put him on someone's back and prick him with pins.The quillin' they called the borders of the women's caps.
Old people used wear a "tommy" (dickie). The "half-door," old Brian Kennedy used wear it, the flap reach over to the hip and it was fastened with a button there. Barriggint was the leather in a breeches so that the saddle wouldn't wear it.

What is the difference between a flea & a train? They both run over sleepers.What is it that goes with the train it is of no use to it & the train can't go without it? Noise.
Red & yellow parabled green the king can't come at it or either the queen? A rainbow.

There was a parish priest one day in his own home & begot there was a beggar came to the door to him. The curate was with the parish priest & they both came out to him "what have you in the bag?" "Nothing Father." says the ould man. "What's that?" says the priest "What God made the world out of." says he then

"Lime an' lime without manure,
Will make the farmer poor."(1) In Cuiríní

The best quack cure for burns, the Farrells of Knockacappul (1) used make it, 'Twas a plaster an' it would lave no mark. I (Kennedy) called for a plaster there one time and I got it, the full of a match-box and I paid ten shillings for it. It would also cure tethers, you'd get them from cattle.
They used sell seagrass at the fairs around here and cockles an' periwinkles.

two horses in the funeral. So when he was buried they drank a share an' they gave drink an' the people started talking between themselves an' one of the boys said when he had a share of drink in, they were talking about his sister.
"who'll put her out?" says he The publican's son was there an' he said: "I'll put her out," says he. A fight started and a crowd gathered an' they bate these two Hogan men. They got their horses then and' they rode their horses and one of um had a young horse and the other man, he had a share o' drink taken he was on a mare. They pulled up at the Quarry bóitín an' there was a short cut to Ballinahinch and they were only a small bit up when they crowd from Killoscully waylaid um an' 'they' was one of um killed an' the other escaped, he had the young horse. The other went to the barrack and told it and his brother was buried an' the woman was evicted an' the publican's son got the place an' they were buildin' a new house for him an' they were just roofin' it when a little man passed."Foolish men," says he, "ye'll never rise smoke in that house".

This was a game which young men and boys used to play some years ago. It is all but forgotten now. Though it was a very rough and noisy game it was frequently played at wakes.
The boys used to sit closely together in a ring on the kitchen floor, keeping their knees drawn up. One had to stand in the centre. They got a short straw rope or a belt and passed it around very quickly from one to one, under their legs, all the time crying out, thart, thart, thart, Everyone in the ring had to keep up the pretence of passing it on even when he had not got it The boy in the centre tried to catch someone actually having it, and sometimes while struggling with one who appeared to have it, he got a blow from the opposite side of the ring. When one was caught, he was taken from the ring and beaten with the rope or belt (Sometimes too severely.) He was then obliged to stand, and the other was allowed to take his place. Note. My father says that they used to say tharra, tharra, tharra very quickly when passing the rope, because it was easier than thart.

There were two men coming home from the fair o' Ross wan night an' when they were comin' over Ballyshannon Brudge, they spotted a morkel big black cat wud a pair of the reddest eyes they ever saw. When they were passing by the cat he jumped off ov' the brudge on to the car, an' says he to wan o' men that was frivin the horse says he "When you go home tell Alexander Moll Flanders is dead." Alexander was the name of the cat belonging to the man that was drivin. When

The farmers used devide the farm between the sons and get them married in the place. Paddy Rodey (Ryan) devided his farm between his daughters in Foylnadragh and the Rock of Foyleduv was sub-devided that way too.

Ireton came to Limerick and died there. When Ireton was goin' up Shilleigh Hill he got the Gleason Helpers to help up the waggons an' they had "Crush-on - Crush on", an' that's the reason the place is call Cruiseána.They say there is gold hidden aboout Munya by Cromwell's troops. They say the Irish were pressing on um there and that they buried the gold.

At the sight of the Coffin there were lamentations from friends present who now gathered around the bed. About 30 minutes before the time appointed for funeral to start the Same three Women who dressed the remains enter the room accompanied by the man who assisted.
The appearance of the three women creates a comotion. The family of the deceased and the others present leave the room. The three women assisted by the man raise the Corpse from off the bed and place it in the Coffin. This done the family re-enters the room and heart-rending are the cries that are heard. Their grief is no longer restrained as they gaze on the face of their loved one for the last time. Each one in turn moves to the head of the Coffin, stoops and lovingly imprints a last kiss on the forehead. The three women steps to the

At the present time 1938, Coffins are sold in shops in the towns and are purchased by the friends of the deceased when required. From about the year 1911 all Coffins whether they be for the Young, persons in middle age, or advanced in years are painted Oak Colour.
The material and fittings of the Coffin depend on the means and social standing of the deceased. Prior to the year 1911 Coffins varied in make, colour and fittings. A few hours after the death of the deceased three men, relatives of the deceased, drove on a horsecart into town for the Burial Charges, which included three white planed boards and fittings for the Coffin- During the night of that day while the wake was held in the dwelling house a local Handy man

during all that time so at the end of the seven years they were house-cleaning and the mermaid came across her cochaillín and when she did she put it under her arm and made off for the sea and all her family went after her. From that day on all the luck that came to the man before went away from him like the froth of the river.

I used to hear the ould people saying that there were mermaids there and that you'd see them on a sunny day on the rocks and they combing their hair and they'd have a cocallin laid behind them on the rock. This mermaid had brown hair and begor this day a farmer was going to the strand and he saw the mermaid and she combing her hair on the rock and beggar he saw the cochaillin and he stole out behind her and peeked the cochaillin from her when he had it took away with him she went after him and followed him home. So beggar he married the mermaid and had a family with her and he put the cochaillin up under the hatch in the loft and left it there. She spent seven years with the man and he was very lucky with everything

They used be given to frightening people long ago. There was an ould man living in Toor and he used to be going home late at night and some one put a cross on the road before him to frighten him. A short time after the party who did it all the family died. I saw the cross and knew all the family and the ould man.

If a person is in Hell no prayer is any good to him. If he is in purgatory he himself will come out after a spell and if he is in heaven he needs no prayer therefore I needn't pray for the dead at all.

If any one of the Stokes or O'Sheas ride a horse a light comes from the ears of the horse and when at the gate they may change the piece.

begor they came to the spot and they began to dig and then a huge big gust of wind came and Pat gave the cock a squeeze to wake him crow and he killed the cock there and then and then begot they ran home and left the crock and the cock after them in in Colligan. [I heard a similar story in West Limerick about Rollions Poridge where Pat Hough, Bob Madigan and Jim Riedy went for the gold and they were foiled in the same way. In Barnagh wood also the same thing occurred and a bull came and they fought the bull and carried away the money. That is the only tale I heard of where the seekers succeeded in bringing off the gold with them. A man by the name of Cake that owned the wood. Mr Foley of Monagea told me that legend.]

At present there are no travelling tailors around the country. About twenty years ago tailors went around from house to house wherever a job was to be found.Now all tailors live in a village or town. There was a tailor living in this locality long ago by the name of Smyth.
When he was young he was taken out of the County Home, when he was a little boy and was taught his trade by another tailor. But one day a strange lady came to him dressed in fine clothes, she inquired of him if he was James Smyth. He said he

Flax is cultivated in good heavy soil. The ground has to be either dug or ploughed, and the flax is shaken or spread there, and harrowed lightly.After a month's growth it is covered with blue flowers. The flowers fade away and then the stalk turns brown.
Then it has to be pulled from the ground and tied up in small sheaves. It has then to be taken then to a pond, it must be covered over with water and left there for a fortnight. It has then to be taken to a clean field and spread out, it has to be left there for two or three weeks to be bleached by the sun and dew. It then turns white.

The first school in Ahiohill was in the old Chapel and the master there was Jeremiah O'Driscoll
He was very fond of the "dropeen" and every morning when the scholars would come in to school old Jerry was sure to be absent, having a drink in the public house. One morning he was later than usual coming in, so one of the scholars trying to make fun for the rest, went to the masters' desk and took out

There was a poor widow and her son lived in Kilrush long ago. She was called Shelia Grady or more commonly she was called "Shelia Muintire," and the son was Paddy.
They had a little house from wan of the gentry who lived in Kilrush he was Nickleson Shelia used to do odd jobs around the big house for her diet and payment for her little house, and she used to get a jug of soup and some bread to take home to Paddy. Paddy was a half witted poor lad

Tis a long, long time ago, there was a wake above there at Pike.
He was a poor man, he came into a little 'housheen' belonging to Baltimor as a 'labouring man' He wasn't too long there when the poor man died. I don't know now because I only heard the story, whether the man had many in family, or any family at all, but I know his wife who was living with him when he died She was a "mohaolach" sort of a little

it is taken from the cow to its own 'liohogue' and the cow tied up in her stall.
While the man or male members of the family are attending to cow and calf outside, the woman o' the house is away inside preparing her first drink. A kettle of water she boils to 'scald' a 'mash' of either bran or oats. When the boiling water is poured on it, it is allowed to stand 'softning' for half an hour or perhaps longer. The next little cermony is well worth recording. When the 'mash' or 'mess' is prepared, the woman then prepares to do the milking, but before doing so, the cow must be blessed. Holy water and Blessed Candle she brings to the stall, also her milking vessel. First she makes the Sign of the Cross on the cows back and head, then sprinkles Holy Water on her, then on the other cows in the stall. The Blessed Candle then she lights

When the calf is 'dropped', the 'bit' is first looked for. This 'bit' it is stated drops from the calfs mouth when it comes into the world. when it is found a 'pinch' of salt is put on it, and it is put aside in some 'hole' in the stall wall. where several 'bits' have withered in years gone by.
The "cloak" or 'covering' is then taken and hung on a peg in the wall, but salt is not put on this. The 'bit' and 'cloak' were supposed, in years gone by, to cure certain ailments of milch cows, but they are not made use of today, they are put aside, just to keep up the old custome. Whether it is night or day when the cow claps, she is allowed and encouraged to lick her calf all over. She is encouraged to do so by sprinkling salt on it. the salt also helps to make her thirsty and makes her take her drink with more relish. When the calf is thoroughly licked

There was a man lived around here long ago, - Donal Mor or Big Dan, he was called
He was a noted card player an' no matter where he was going out in the fields to work or out 'sgoriacthing' by night he always carried a deck in his pocket He was wan day cutting firing furze with a billhook and gouloge, a fine, warm summers' day an' he stopped to take a rest. So soon as he sat down he pulled the deck out of his pocked, an' dealt out

There is a place down here called "Ahaun a island." It is on the boundary of two ploughlands. Cill Colmain and Cappa.
There is an old tree there called the "crowneen dearg," a very old little knarled oak it is. I often heard my father to say there used to be an old women seen sitting, spinning on the top of this tree, long ago. There is another three in this spot also

The farmer is most careful when the "cows time is up." he will , if at all possible be with the cow at 'calving time' He has various signs. by which he can tell, but not too accurately, when the time is drawing near.
The :paps: or teats become stiff. the cow becomes restless in her stall, or if in the field she will roam apart from the other cows. If a cow is "likely to calve" during the night, the farmer and some members of his family will sit up to watch during the night. not in the stall, but beside the kitchen fire, from which they will pay occasional visits to the cow in her stall, sometimes a farmer, may remain watching for two or three nights in succession. The more up-to-date farmers, have a house set aside for this purpose. When a cow is 'likely to calve" she is shut into this house, she is not tied up. as there is no other beast in the house

are rare, a "story gap: or a 'stick an' a sqeach" are the fastenings to most fields. The freshly calved cow, in winter is not allowed out in bad weather, neither are they put on bare pasture with dry cows. They are fed on hay. a 'gwaul' or a "durn" is given by the man twice daily. and she is put on a 'sweet pick' when weather is suitable.
Cows are not managed in this way by all farmers. The winter calver is allowed to graze as usual with the other cows, and will only recieve the usual ration of straw and roots as the other cows

The cow due to calve around the Christmas season is considered a very valuable cow. Milk and butter are both scarce and dear at this season. A few "snuggers", enough to keep a "drop to the house". is the general run among the farmers in general during the winter months.
Her milk yeild when milk is so scarce is only one reason. why the early calver is so valuable. her calf is valuable also. The calves of late Winter or early Spring will not be ready for sale until the following Spring, but the early Winter calf will be fit for sale in the following Autumn. It is the woman that will do "dhuracth" for both cow and calf. When the fine day in Winter comes, she will be "left out in the sweet bit o' grass in the feild behind the house, we'll put a 'sqeach' in the gaps before her. an' if we'll see the rain coming we'll bring her in" gates. as entrance to the fields on such

Danilín lived with his mother and there were only two there and they had there cows; in the finial he said to himself "Mother I'm old enough to get married." The king's daughter was advertised for marriage and they had to knock three laughs out of her to get her. So this day Danilín said to his Mother "Mother" says he "I have no money to go courting and I'l have to carry one of the cows to the fair. "Dan don't" says his mother "two cows are no good take the three and make something out of them" So Dan got up in the morning and looked East and West told God to direct him and if not, not to mind

Kirby visited the top of Glencaloo, there were evictions there. My mother saw Kirby. I believe he was a very dacent man even though he'd shoot you! There was a song made about him. He used to to where "they'd" be evictions, he used specialise in that.

gave him her shift and someone put his ear to the door when he was getting into it to hear him cursing

Evicted tenants, they used call um, "the wounded soldiers, the time of The Land League.

Johnny Gormon was a knacker in Newport. He used get dead cows an' sell the beef and if there was a mission on he'd prop us the dead cow in the car and go through the crowd and if you pulled the props she'd drop.

When the hour appointed for the funeral procession to start from the Chapel to the grave has arrived the Bells are rung by a Relative of the deceased and (the bells) keep ringing while the Relatives of the deceased 4 men (if possible 4 men of the same- Surname as the deceased) carry the Coffin on their shoulders to the waiting hearse and continue to ring until the funeral procession starts on its last and sad journey to the graveyard. The Male Relatives of the deceased walk behind Coffin, they carry their hats in their hands.

Three men- A member of the family of the deceased, a relation and a neighbour go into town for the burial Charges which includes, Coffin, tea, sujar, bread, [?] porter, Candles, soap- No longer are pipes tobacco and snuff seen at wakes. In another Chapter I will give a correct account of a Death Bed, Wake keening at funeral in the year 1888.
In the Mud Hut and Daub House the Remains were left "Over the Board" on

before visiting the dead ("Go to the Corpse House") is the expression used when visiting by day and the house wherein lies a dead person- And if the visit be made by night "Go to the Wake". Remain from Work
The next door neighbours through respect for the dead and sympathy for the family leave off work on their farm from the time the death occurs and the funeral takes place.

reached the age of twenty one years, which has been previously blessed by a priest is laid beside the dying, the sleeve of the habit is gently drawn over the right hand and arm of the dying- It being a pious belief, that the B. V. Mary watches beside the bed of any person that when dying is wearing the Brown Habit and that she is present at their judgement. Hold Water is constantly sprinkled on the dying person, around the bed and sick room, while the Litany of Dead is recited by those present.
No tears are shed in the sick room, nothing done to disturb the dying - A kindly neighbour close the eyes and stretches the body in death. The Clock is stopped and the room of death is closed for three hours when the remains are washed by three Women and dressed for the lying-in-state. or as it is expressed Laid Over Board. While the above is the general rule in 1938. Some Districts and families hold certain views- The members of the family father around

If there is seven sons in succession in a house the mother should put a worm in the seventh son's hand in the middle of the palm and leave him in it until he dies. This is to be done before the child is baptised. if you leave a worm in his hand ever after that you'll see that he'll die as soon as you leave him

There was lios in Colligan and my father dreamt that there was money in it so begor himself and Pat Casey and Bill Moylan went off one night to get the crock and they carried a match cock with them. They went off and they brought spades and grós and shovels with them and

In the ould houses there used to be a cliach put over the door and a cock-a match cock brought in to protect the house. You wouldn't see that at all now.

They saw that a gold ring to rub it to a stye on the eye that the ring would cure it.

The last bit was called the Luideachán[?] and was cut by the stongest man in the party who generally had cut the most of the field. The honour of cutting the luideachán[?] was reserved for him.obtained from Jas O'Brien
Shanrahan Clogheen age = 67 years The last bit left to be cut was called the Cailleach and before cutting it the reapers gave a bit cheer to let all the neighbours know they were not the last. It was regarded as being degrading to be the last in the district to cut the corn. The best reaper cut the last cailleach. obtained from Ellen O'Connor Garrymore Clogheen age 56yrs.

And he took off his over coat and laid it up on the riel of hay and the lad ceres in the hay so he got up out of it and took out his penknife and 'twas a big freize top coat and he turned up the collar and he cut a round bit out of it. So 'twas true[?] for him he heard the murder and they brought out the old man and buried him. So he started off for home next morning and didn't say a word to anyone about what happened. He didn't reach home until late in the night and he opened the door and went in and he had his cake and when he got the mead in the other place he didn't eat a bit of it so he lit the light and went down to the door where he thought his wife would be and the child was so big he was four years at this time that he thought it was another husband she was after marrying and he ran up to the dresser and got his razor to cut their throats

got a sugán and tied it rounf her. "Now" says he "let you raise her up on any back so he put her up on his back and they carried her her to the brother's house and put her standing up agin the door and when the brother opened the house in the morning she fall in again him and he nearly died. Jack and the Spalpeen were sent for and they were kept inside until the night and then they were sent to bury her and they had to get a load of money because the Spalpeen said they would not bury the spirit of a woman without being paid. So the same time the next night they went to the graveyard and laid her agin the door and she fell in again next morning when he opened the door. Jack and the

There was a priest in Toor and he had nephews and nieces and one of them got married and had a black dog. He was round and healthy. One day whatever one of them was doing he struck against the black dog. After that he complained and never left his bed. A short time after he died, the same thing happened Ellie another niece of his. Matt got fever

and Charles got embarrassment of the heart. They built a slate house then in one of the farms but they never lived there. A woman walked around one day in July & there was one of those sick in bed and the ould woman asked who lived in the house & she was told "Ah" says she "they will be misfortunate always because they built that house in the path of the good people." The old woman then went away & said no more.

him and away Dan drove one of the cows to the fair of Braff. He met three gentlemen and they asked him what did he want for the cow and he said three pounds, tin. "No Dan" says one of them but I'l give you a musical instrument" "That musical instrument is no good to me" says Dan. "I don't know how to play." They said they'd learn him and when he would play that anyone that would hear it should dance. So he turned home with the musical instrument on his back and his mother was out against him to know what did he got at the fair for the cow. He began to play the instrument on his back and there was the mother and she flying dancing about the house. "Stop Damielín" says she "I have enough danced"

Another priest lived in Youghal & he used to keep a large stock of horses and he used to ride them in the hunt sometimes. This morning when he got up he went out to have a look at the horses and they were all waiting and full of dirt and the stable door was locked that night.

to bed and if there's not a potle of it out through the key hole in the morning I'l give you back the cow. That was alright but he was carrying the third cow to the fair, the mother was going mad entirely then having no cow. Before starting out he looked East and West asked God to direct him and if not, not to mind him and away he drove the cow to the fair. He met the same three gentlemen. "What do you want for the cow Dan" says one of them "Three pounds tin the weed price" says Dan. "No Dan says one of them I'l give you a bee." "Oh" says Dan "We ould eatin if full of them and wer'e tormented from them." "Would they do what this bee would do?" says the gentleman "What would that bee do?" says Dan.

Never throw out the water that you wash your feet in. There is a charm in that water and it should be kept inside.

before sometimes during the night she used to hear queer noises in the kitchen. So one night she said that she'd get up and light the candle to see what was there. So she did and there she saw all the sops whirling around the kitchen. She went to bed again and then after a time she began to get afraid and said to the priest that she'd like to have someone sleep with her in the room. So he said that she could. So another pall of hers slept with her and after a few nights she heard the noise of doors opening the next morning. She told it to the priest "oh" he says the priest "that is a protestant that comes there every night to take the cap of my head and he can't do anymore." I put him from calling in this world so he carries a bit of it also now in the other world but can't do any harm."

When an O'Shea dies one of the Stokes family knows of it before he died. There were two families living near Youghal the Stokes and the O'Sheas. They were two miles apart and old O'Shea was dying. It was about two o clock in the morning & one of the Stokes awoke and said Billy O'Shea is dead. The second brother then awoke and said I know he is. They got up and went to the wake and O'Shea was dead. If one of the O'Sheas died those inside of the Stokes could see him passing the window and if one of the Stokes died those inside of the O'Sheas could see him passing the window also. [A tradition of this kind exists in North West Cork. I have heard it there].

Yankee. He almost came to tears when he heard it. "Do you intend going over to America and staying there?" says his friend to him. "No" says he not exactly but I shall remain there for about ten years, and then I will come home and settle down for good". Ten years said his friend seems to be such a long time, I wonder if you could come home in two years time and stay here for a few months". The Yankee thought for a few moments and then says he "That's what I'll do. I'll come home here for a few months exactly two years from now." "You're sure you will come now says the friend and I won't be disappointed. "Well" says the Yankee "when I say a thing I generally do it. Dead or alive I'll walk this very path with you then.

There was a priest in Toor one time and his servant used to sleep near the kitchen and

take out the knife that was in the young man's ankle. So she did and then she was going to put it back again & the old women would not allow them to do so. So they went off after some time. So in the morning the man felt very well and he got an hole and healthy & when the old woman came again they asked her how she cured him and she told them and says she "when you jumped your horse over the gap you jumped on a poor soul and that is why they stuck a pen-knife in your ankle and go around to your own gate every other time." [I heard a similar story in North Cork from a Mr. McMahon the location of the tale was at Clonfert between Newmarket & Boherbee]

May Eve they used to be staling water from the wells. There was a woman in Colligan and she used to be up all night watching her well on may-eve. A few years before she had very bad luck all through the years and the people told her to watch the well. Near morning she saw a woman coming for the water but she could not give it to her and that year

she had fair luck and she lost no cows or calf.

There was a farmer in Killossera and he had bad luck for many years and this was how he got it. The neighboring land had bad luck for some time before that and before the man of the land flung in a lead call into this man's land and said "the bad luck go with you" and from that day the other man had very bad luck and only lately that he is pulling up. He lost calves cattle and horses.

Well when he would arrive there probably there would be nobody up as it might be only about twelve oclock. When he would see nobody astir he would lie down in the stable on a bundle of straw. Perhaps the farmer himself would waken about half-past twelve, and his mind would be so much on the work and on the world that he couldn't content himself in the bed and would get out of it and go out to the stable to feed the horses. The first thing he would see would be the man lying down on the ground and he fast asleep. He would call him and he would soon get a job feeding all the cattle and horses and the farmer holding the light for him. Then he would have to slice a lot of turnips for the stall feeders. About four o'clock

There was a man in Ring some years ago and he found eggs in his shoes and begor didn't he track one of them and about a month after a fine cow died on him. [In the parish of Ardagh

in the morning they would be far advanced in the work and then the other men maybe would get up and the farmer would reprimand them for being so late. Then at about five they would all go in to breakfast except the man who was having his diet at home. Well he could either look at the rest of them eating or sit down and take a rest for himself. Well then they would all work away until dinner time and the men would be all called in to do it. This man who was dieting himself at home would be given boiled potatoes he used to get them but he would have to bring his own salt or his own butter, or whatever he was going to use with them. Well at the end of the week the farmer would deduct two pence a day out of the poor

A man in Kilmore had an experience with the banshee. It happened for an actual fact. He was at a house where there were people living by the name of Tandy. It is said that she follows this family. Well this man Edward Gaff, is his name was at this home and one of the people were in a bad way. He set out for home and when he was only had gone a few hundred

man's wages for the amount of potatoes he ate during the week. That is he was paying him six shillings a week, well he was deducting two pence a day out of that, that left it a fixe shillings a week to keep a wife and family.I heard my own grandmother saying says the man who tells me this story that she knew a man who used to walk six miles to his work in the morning and had to walk home of course in the evening. He had three pence a day and used to have to diet himself. He had a bottle of milk every night as well as the one and sixpence a week. He would be in the farmers' place at five oclock in the morning and would have all the work done at seven when the people themselves would get up. Well he worked in this place all his life and he

"My father used to tell me that a man named Riocard Tinney was taken by the fairies. He used by going in them and coming back, but whenever he used be gone there used to be someone she left in his place. Often I heard him saying that Riocard used be brought to babtism to stand for children while he was in them. One morning only Riocard's wife noticed that the want that used be on

A man and his wife lived in Dinybrien. They had one child. When the child was six months old, the mother became ill and died. Strange to say that mother used come to the home each night at twelve o'clock, and give breast-milk to the child. She used come every night, and in the long run her husband used have food on the table for her. This night her waited 'til she came in, and asked her why she was comin'. "I'm under the spell

People advanced in years and who have lived an active life and were keen at their business whether it be farm work or housekeeping, though they may appear to keep up their energy and bright out look- are noticed that- while they sit by the fire to rest during the day their heads droop and they doze. To some, this may be regarded as a good thing- while to those who have experience, when they see old people, who are active, doze they also notice a change in their colour- it becomes dark- flesh on hands become soft. - they speak of their childhood, their parents, brothers and sisters. In many such cases the

is a blue rum, the lips become blue, the hands are soft and limp,- a rattle in the throat- followed by death.

They used make their own frieze out of the wool. After the wool was clipped off the sheep, it was washed two or three times, and spread out to dry in the sun, take it then and card it, and after that comb it out, then spin it in a spinning wheel, every hovel had two wheels, one for flax and the other for wool. It should then be napped and dyed. They used dye it with bog water or Indigo blue or black. The black colour was got from the juice of the berries of the alder. Socks and stockings were also dyed in this manner, steep in bog water and chose your own colour. My mother was good at

Young people shudder at the thought of death and at the approach of death a change comes over them. They welcome death, speak of the B. V. Mary and their relatives who are gone before them and look forward to meeting them in Heaven. They seen to have an insight with regard to death and fortell the day and even the hour on which their death will occur. Taken down from a Social Worker.
"I have known thrive such cases," said a Social Worker- the dying girl sending a Messenger for me to bid me a last good bye. The sick person chatted me, took some nourish-ment, spoke of their near approach of death

old people become restless, desire to visit their friends who are married in homes of their own. These are recognised signs of approaching death.

making frieze. I am not able to give a very good account about it as I was young when it was being done at home.

There were many ideas regarding the struggle with death. That a person who suffers a long and painful death agony- is allowed by a merciful God to put his or her Purgatory over them here on earth.
That the person suffering is condemned to suffer, so, that by suffering their Will is broken and their heart softened and in their helplessness they call on God for mercy. That through the intercession of Souls in Purgatory and fervent prayers of friends and relations on earth the dying person's agony is prolonged until the soul is sanctified by the grace of God.

three brothers who died in middle life. The first young man aged 30 years was un-conscious for two days before death came as a release. Two years passed by and his brother aged 35 years took ill- a long lingering illness and he also lost consciousness, the death struggle lasting three days.
After a lapse of a few years the third brother, a powerful strong man, a member of the R. I. C Force took ill- After a long illness, he gradually became weaker- became unconscious and remained in this state for four days. His broken hearted Mother watched beside his bed and in her agony of mind prayed aloud that, "God in His mercy would take her son to Himself, and spare her from further witnessing his drawn out struggle with death." His good industrious Mother lived to advanced age and when her time came to die she got a lingering sickness and a long death agony.

In olden days, No Drug or Injection was administered to a dying person to lesson or shorten their death agony. Their parched lips were kept moist with Holy Water and a teaspoon full of brandy was given if the patient was able to swallow.

When referring to certain families it is frequently heard said of any of its members showing the near approach of death- "He or she will not die for another day or two- The members of his or her family always struggle with death.

When any member of a family takes ill their neighbours call at his house to offer their sympathy and may suggest to call in a Doctor. The Doctor is called in and he prescribes certain medicines for the patient- After the departure of the Doctor the neighbours call again to enquire what is the opinion of the Doctor regarding the sick person. If the Doctor should regard the illness as serious, and the patient in danger of death the priest is called in to administer the last Sacraments, when a member of the family or a neighbour goes for the priest. When a sick person is near unto death or in certain cases of illness a member of his family remains during the hours of the night in attendance on the sick person. A candle burns dimly in the room and in Winter

lá agus blíadhain go dtugfa trifle foghluim dá acht go b'é eagla orm" ar seisean "Go mbéadh fearg ar mo bhean!
"Ó ní bhéidh" arsa'n fear uasal "Dheanfamuid mar seo" ar seisean "Bí thusa annseo indin arais" ar seisean "fá chionn lá agus blíadhain agus béidh mise arais agus do ghasur liom" Bhí go maith agus ní rabh go h-olc. Fuaidh'n t-am thart go dtenaic a lá agus a bhlíadhain. Fuaidh'n t-iascaire go dtí'n talamh céadhna arais. Ní rabh se i bhfad a fanacht gur nucht a fear uasal isteach chuige ar bhárr na dtonn agus a dá ghasur leis. Thenaictheas do'n iascaire nach rabh "Dómhnall Beag" cómh maith leis a gasur eile amach. Bheannuigh'n fear uasal dó agus bheannuigh seisean do'n fhear uasal ins na bríathra bhí acu'n uair sin. Bhí aithne ní b'fheár acu ar a chéile an lá sin. "Tá se leat arais" arsa'n t-iascaire "Goide mar tá tú ag cur isteach, a Dhómhnaill Bhig" arsa'n t-athair? "Tá go maith" arsa Dómhnall "Tcíthear damh" arsa'n t-athair "nach bhfuil tú cómh maith leis a gasur eile go foill" "Is gann damh" arsa Dómhnall "Dá mbíodh se liomsa lá is blíadhain eile" arsa'n fear uasal "Bhéad sé lán cómh maith leis" "Bhéul, margadh e" arsa'n t-iascaire "Tabhair leat arais e ach bí annseo" ar seisean "fa chionn lá agus blíadhain agus casfa

away his oar. The men in the four other oars piled the boat. The man that put away his oar and the man that steared threw the scare in the water. The seine boat started to surround the fish. the man in the stem of the boat had a lot of stones near him. According as the boat was going along he was pegging a stone out side the fish. the meaning of pegging the stones was to keep the boat so as to set their seine in a bow. And to reach the other boat before they had it all thrown into the water. Very often the seine was in the water before they could

in looking around they saw the same object again.
They were about half a mile from land when a fierce storm rose. The boat was tossed about on the sea the fisherman got so frightened they used all their strength in pulling the boat to land. After a long and tiresome struggle in the sea they landed in Rosdoha [?] goleen. They pulled up the boats. When every thing was done it was about eight o clock at night. The men walk from Sneem to Bunaw on that night and left their boat and net

The horse is the most valuable animal on the farm. The cow is the most productive. The farmer loves his horse. It is his last task at night, to give his horse a few carrots or a mangel or two. and a 'rub-down' so that it may not 'run down' or loose spirit. that it may be able to hold it's place. When ariving home from Mass on Sunday, or to and from the market on market days. It is considered to be a sign of a "ran down" farmer to have a bad horse. The farmers' wife on the other hand loves her milch cow, and gives her all the car and attention she can.
In nine cases out of every ten it is the farmers wife that holds the purse. It is she will pay for the necessaries of the household. for boots, clothes, and all the requirements of the family. The money her husband recieves in the sale of his cattle, sheeps, or pigs at the fairs he hands over to her. The rent and rates the woman rarely pays

The cows' milking or earning period covers ten months from the date of calving. She is allowed two months prior to her next calving to nourish her body. After the milking strain of the year just past, and to fit her again for the calving time, and the milking season a head.
It is at this stage in the life of the cow that her car and treatment vary so much. We must assume that the majority of cows calve in the late winter or early Spring months. and are nearly always "going any" when they are housed in late Autumn. The careful farmer or farmers wife will see that once the cow is unmistakably dried off, she will be well nourished before calving time again. When 'housed' the cows are fed on straw and roots either turnips or mangels. but the cow drawing near her calving time will get crushed oats twice daily. This is given 'dry' mixed in her ration of turnips. it is given to each cow in turn as they approach their calving time

The good people are supposed to be around helping you and looking for help.

There are houses that are unlucky. I don't care what anybody will say to the contrary. I'm only a poor man, but I'm eighty two years of age, and during that many years I was compelled to shift about from time to time.
Times were hard when I was young, and it wasn't 'aisy' to get a good 'way' But about my story. This way before 'Lady Day' I got an account from a man that he would give me worth and a good 'way' if I was tired of the place

Long ago when matches were scarce the fires were never quenched. It was all tuf was burned in winter and forge in the summer.
I remember well the way the fire was kept red during the night. A sod of turf was put in and reddned just before bed time, it was taken out when red and put on the side of the hearth and covered over with greashach, and that sod would keep red until morning. It was taken off the fire place so that the

to let everyone know he had done him in. When the others saw that they went and did the same, so that was done all over Ireland except Dublin. That's the cause of the fires on St John's Night ever since.

Taken down from an Aged and knowledgable woman who during her life has been frequently called in to attend the sick. (a) In all cases the pulse and temperature of the patients tells the near approach of death.
(b) If the patient is weak, unconscious and rallies- they say, The improvement comes for death,

on the other hand if after the departure of the priest, the patient Sinks, the friends who watch by the bedside abandon hope and prepare for the worst- death.

in the big house and they sent it up here out of the way. "What's in it?" says the Spalpeen "Oh! I suppose nothing sure they sent it up out of the way" says she. "We must see what's in it any way" says the Spalpeen. He want out for his spade and opened the lid. "You're there" says he and that there was any amount of whiskey and eatables inside with her. She took out all the eatables. "bond[?] now" says he to the children "let ya all eat enough." and when one had a bone pricked he ran over and stuck it in her throat and choked her and they had all the bones picked he threw them in on top of her, So when the week was up they sent down from the horse for the chest and brought it up and

There was a man living here near Woodgraigue and he went out to America. He was in America for a long time and he came home again. He remained at home for about three or four years and he got very friendly with all the neighbours. But he suddenly took a notion to go back to America, and live there for a long time before coming back to settle down in Ireland for good. There was another man in the neighbourhood and the Yankee got on very friendly terms with him altogether. They were walking along the river bank this evening and the Yankee said that he had taken the notion to go back to America again. This nearly broke the other man's heart for he was very fond of the

It frequent occurs that a patient after being anointed and receiving the last Sacraments shows signs of improvement which is maintained, consequently the priest is called in to pray over the sick person. But

And again it is remarked - A sick person is very seriously ill. The Doctor holds out little or no hope of their recovery and advises the friends call in a priest to administer the last Sacraments to the patient. After receiving the last sacraments and the departure of the priest from the house, the patient falls into a slumber, sleeps from which he awakes refreshed and takes nourishment. His colour changes, and in his eyes there is a restful look- He does not speak much, nor, does he mention his business affairs, nor death. And becomes more patient in sickness.