The two weeds which do most to the ground are pirl grass and coltsfoot. The pirl grass is bad for the crop, but the coltsfoot smothers it. The weeds that grow in bad land are crowfoot, docking, gill-gowan, mugwood, reeds, wild mint-thistle. The benweed grows in rich land. Heart's ease is a weed with a blue flower on it, this weed is good for hearts disease. The people boil the week and drink the juice of it. Nettle is a weed for cows. Gill-Gowan is another and milk thistle another. A day

These are the weeds that grow. Dockings, Faraban, Yellow gawns, ben weeds, thistles, Nettles Garkin. Crottle, Coltsfoot, Bachran. Scutchgrass. Burrs. Wildsage. Black heads, Red shanks.
The Dockings and Burrs and faraban do the most harm to the ground. The faraban grows in ground that is not well manured. The Dockings grow in any ground. The reason that the Dockings are so plentiful is because the wind blows the seed away everywhere and where ever the seed falls there is sure to grow Dockings. The Garkin grows on a gentle place. The Bachran grows on loughs. The Crottle grows on rocks. The Coltsfoot grows on ground that was not cultivated for a long time. There are certain weeds that people use as cures. They use Garkin as a cure for pains. They use wildsage for colds. The use Bachran for colds also. There are weeds for dyeing too. They use Crottle and Red shank as dye.

Herbs.

The most harmful weeds growing near my home are Benweeds, Chicken weed, Gilgowns, Praiseach, Coltsfoot, Yarr, Nettles, Thistles, Dock leaves, Pirrel, Sullugs, Ox-eye-daisies, Foxglove, Sheep [?] Birds-Foot-Trefoil, Yarrow, Horspipe[?], Groundsel, Redshanks, Cratac, Common Fumitory, Dandelion, Seven Sisters,
Some of the weeds spread rapidly and they are bad for the soil. Chicken weed spreads rapidly and destroys the potatoes. The yarr destroys the young turnips, Thistles and gilgowns are bad for the corn. Benweeds and

The most harmful weeds growing on our farm are - pirl, thistles, coltsfoot, dey nettles, ground yare and nettles.
These are all harmful because they spread rapidly and impoverish the soil.
Benweeds are supposed to grow on good land, and the old people say that they are very bad for horses to eat.
Geelgowans, pirl and redshanks are to be found on poor land.
A good cure for measles was believed to be - nettles stewed and the juice drank.
Chickenweed was used for sprains. It was put in boiling water, and when it was in the water a little while it was taken out and put round the sprain.
The leaves of coltsfoot burnt on coals and the fumes inhaled was believed to sure a cold.
If anybody got stung with a nettle they got a dock leaf and rubbed the sting with it and said "Dock in and nettle out."
a "dey nettle" sting is very dangerous and it may cause blood poison if it is not seen to in time.

The following herbs were told to me by Con Melly, Tullycleave, Ardara aged 50 years.
Good Herbs Bad herbs
Caísearaban Redshank
Farban Yellowgaban
Darcan Spirry
Nettles Benweed
Chickenweed Hemlock
Coltsfoot Mugweed
Burdock

The most important herbs that the people of this district know to damage the land are: thistles, nettles, docks, red-shanks, garkan, slanlus leaf, fearbán and chicken-weed. Chicken-weed, fearbán and red-shanks generally grow through crops when they are not properly manured.
Thistles and dandelions (gerall) generally grow on good soil. The principal ones which grow on good or bad soil, spinny, cliúne dearg, and brioseán. The following are a few of the herbs which cure diseases and which are used in the form of tea. Nettle tea is a cure for the whooping cough, balm for fevers, coltsfoot an effective cough remedy, feverfew and golden rod cure diseases of the stomach, home hound useful for colds, meadowsweet is good for kidney trouble, peppermint for vomiting, sorrel for fevers, clover for coughs, lady's slipper for headaches, and fairy thimble leaves are used as poultices for purulent tumours.

In olden times the old people used herbs in many ways. Amongst the herbs generally used were the following; docks, nettle, horsethistle, briar, whin, buachlinn buidhe, bog cotton, coltsfoot. Some of these herbs were used as poisons to kill pain, such as stings and cure bruises. In other cases a mixture of herbs was used to cure headaches, diarrhea, jaundice and even consumption.
In addition to these herbs were also used as a dye for colouring cloth, wool, yarn, leather and other materials. These herbs were also used for curing diseases in animals such as dogs, horses, cows, sheep and goats. At present herbs are used to cure cancer, but the name of these herbs used in curing of cancer is a secret which is only knowing to one family and his name is Patterson and he lives a few miles outside Letterkenny.

Wine made of cowslips was believed to cure a pain in the head.
A mixture made of lump sugar, rind of three lemons, a gallon of yellow petal rings and a gallon of water. Then put into a barrel and stir every day for a week was also a cure for a pain in the head.
Sweets made of coltsfoot were considered a good remedy for coughs.

Dockens and Benweeds are the most harmful weeds which grow on our farm at home. There weeds are harmful because they spread rapidly over the land [sic] Where the land is very wet these weeds will not grow.

The most common herbs in this district are dandelion, nettle, dock, redshank, geel, thistle, benweed, yarrow, mugweed, pirl, cratae, daynettle, skellig, peppermint, coltsfoot, chickenweed, houseleek, and groundyarg.
The thistle, dockweed, and nettle spread mostly in land where potatoes and corn are growing. They often grow so thickly as to smother up the crops. Geel and yarrow often grow where corn has been sown, and they make the ground poor and the crop very light.
Bogbean is used in the springtime for medicine. It is gathered and stewed, and people take half a glass every morning. It purifies the blood and is very good for the system.
Chicken-weed roasted is an old cure for sprains. Parsley is stewed and drunk is a splendid cure for kidney trouble.

"Coltsfoot," thistles, "pirl grass" and switch grass" are the most harmful weeds that grow on our farm. They spread rapidly and impoverish the soil.

Plants that grow in good ground only:- The benweed, the dockin the thistle.

You can eat a few of them and they will do you no harm. They are called sooroges locally.

The herbs that are found in our district are, Benweeds, Hemlock, sorrel, pyril, coltsfoot, red shank, yar, thristle, ribbon grass, milk thristle, fairy thimbles, ferns, crow foot, dockens, mug wood, Prasha, nettle, dandylion, biller, bogbine, chicken weed, rushes, butter cup, daisie, clover, celindine, stitchwort, primrose, blue bell, violets.

In olden times the people had great faith in herbs as cures.
The milk left behind by a ferret was believed to cure chin-cough.
By crawling under a donkey three times, in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, a person could be cured from the whooping-cough.
A rash on the face could be cured by getting bunch of young netteles, boiling them and drinking the water. Relief might be obtained from a nettle sting by rubbing the affected part with a dock leaf. Warts were cured by putting a fasting-spittle on them for nine days.
Children, whose father and mother had the same name had the cure of the mups.
Elder flowers or rather the tea made from them, will rid a person of a bad cold in twenty-four hours, and also cure kidney complaints.
Dandelion gathered in Spring made into tea or wine is a wonderful tonic.
Colt's foot another common plant. Colds and coughs disappear when taken as tea. Coltsfoot put on a plate, lighted, will gradually smoulder away and the smoke inhaled will heal sore and inflamed throats and lungs.
Yarrow, also most useful and if people

In olden times, instead of going to a chemist with a doctor's prescription, people used to make medicines from herbs. Some of them are :-
(1) Ash leaves are useful in cases of gout.
(2) Blackberries are an excellent tonic for the blood.
(3) Blackcurrants are useful for hoarseness, sore throat, coughs and catarrh.
(4) Bogbean is good for liver troubles, scurvy and skin diseases.
(5) Wild carrots are used for curing dropsy.
(6) Celandine is useful in cases of jaundice.
(7) Chestnut leaves are useful for coughs.
(8) Coltsfoot is also useful for coughs.
(9) Cowslip tea is good for insomnia.
(10) Clover is used for coughs.
(11) Comfrey is put to swollen joints as a poultice.
(12) Dandelion is a laxative and a tonic. It is useful for liver and kidney disorders.
(13) Elder leaves are good for epilepsy.

(1) Caissearbhan ghlas: (Green dandelion) Tá seo in a léigheas ar guiríní a thigeas ar agaidh nú ar chorp duine. Bruithtear an caissearbhan glas seo ar feadh leath-uair nó mar sin. Annsin cuirtear amach ar soitheach go dtí go reamhochaidh sé. Cuimlir é ar an áit in a bhfuil na guiríní ar feadh trí lá agus i gcionn an ama sin deirtear go mbéadh na guiríní uilig ar shiubhail.
(2) Caissearbhan Dearg:- (Red dandelion) Tá seo mar léigheas ar fiabhras croidhe. Bruithtear é ar bhraon uisge, annsin cuirtear amach é ar soitheach agus óltar é nuair a fuarann sé.
(3) Crádan (Burze) Tá seo mar léigheas ag daoine chun fola a ghlanadh. Bruithtear iad ar braon beag uisge go mbéidh an súgh uilig asta. Caithfear é a fhagail go bfuarann sé. Oltar annsin é.
(4) Crúb Clibeóige: (Coltsfoot) Duilleógaí a thiormú agus iad a chaitheamh mar tobaca fá choinne aicideacha na cléibhe.
(5) Brioscán Caorach:- (Sheeps' festo) Tá súgh na preamháca maith fá choinne aicideacha na sgamhan.
(6) Flaith:- (Chickenweed) Deirtear nach bhfuil alt sa luibh seo nach bhfuil léigheas ann. Róstar agus cuimiltear ar ghortuigheacha
é mar léigheas.
(7) Capóg (Dock-leaf) Tá súgh capóige maith fá choinne cuimilt ar dhóghadh coll-fáithce.
(8) Bataí Dubha (Bachelor Buttons)
Séosamh Fiadhain (Wild George) Nuair a bhruithtear an dhá luibh seo tá a gcuid súgh sar-mhaith ag casáctach.
(9) Biolar (Water-cress)
Frachóg (Mulberry) Tá duilleógaí an dhá phlannda seo ithte