Recent changes

47. Mol an óige is tiocfaidh sí.
48. Bíonn ceann caol ar an óige.
49. Is deacair sean ceann do cur ar gualíní óga.
50. Cuir smacht i do leanbh in a óige.
51. Is glas iad na cnuic ibhfad uainn.
52. Tús na h-eagla umhan dé.
53. Bíodh eagla ort agus ní baighal duit.
54. Is fearr bhiadh ná ciall.
55. Tús maith leath na h-oibre.
56. Ní bhíonn saoi gan locht.
57. Ná mol is ná cáin tú féin.
58. Tá cainnt saor agus airgead ar tobac.
59. An té nach mbeidh ciall aige beidh fán air.
60. An té atá suas oltar deoch air, an té atá síos buailter cos air.
61. Is fearr teach beag agus mórán biadh ná teach mhór agus beagán biadh.
62. Milis glór gach fir ag a mbí cuid agus spré. Searbh glór an té bhíos lom bun ós cionn a labhras sé.
63. Ná creid fionn, is ná creid fiach is na creid briathra mná, más moch mall éireóchas an grian is mar lé toil dé an lá.
64. Más gearr ó indé go dtí indiu is giorra bhéas an (?) ag teacht.
65. Is deacair fuil a bhaint as turnipí.
67. Aitheannuigheann ciaróg, ciaróg eile.

47. Mol an óige is tiocfaidh sí.
48. Bíonn ceann caol ar an óige.
49. Is deacair sean ceann do cur ar gualíní óga.
50. Cuir smacht i do leanbh in a óige.
51. Is glas iad na cnuic ibhfad uainn.
52. Tús na h-eagla umhan dé.
53. Bíodh eagla ort agus ní baighal duit.
54. Is fearr bhiadh ná ciall.
55. Tús maith leath na h-oibre.
56. Ní bhíonn saoi gan locht.
57. Ná mol is ná cáin tú féin.
58. Tá cainnt saor agus airgead ar tobac.
59. An té nach mbeidh ciall aige beidh fán air.
60. An té atá suas oltar deoch air, an té atá síos buailter cos air.
61. Is fearr teach beag agus mórán biadh ná teach mhór agus beagán biadh.
62. Milis glór gach fir ag a mbí cuid agus spré. Searbh glór an té bhíos lom bun ós cionn a labhras sé.
63. Ná creid fionn, is ná creid fiach is na creid briathra mná, más moch mall éireóchas an grian is mar lé toil dé an lá.
64. Más gearr ó indé go dtí indiu is giorra bhéas an (?) ag teacht.
65. Is deacair fuil a bhaint as turnipí.

26. Ní féidir bheith ag feadaghil as ag ithe míne.
27. Mara mbí agat acht pocaide gabhar bí i lár an aonaigh.
28. Is fearr cinn na ceann.
29. Níl aon teinteán mar do theinteán féin.
30. Nuair a bhíonn an cat amuigh bíonn na lucha ag rinnce.
31. Giorruigheann beirt bóthar.
32. Más cám díreach an ród sí an bóthar mór an taithghiorra
33. Is giorra cabhair dé ná an doras.
34. Is maith sugh bó beo nó marbh.
35. Más gar dhuit do cóta is giorra dhuit do léine.
36. Is fearr leath builín ná arán ar bith.
37. An té nach cuirreadh san earrach ní bhainfeadh sé sa bhfoghmhar.
38. Briseann an duthchais tré shúilibh an chait.
39. Ní h-iad na fir mhóra a bhainfeas an foghmhar i gcomhnuidhe
40. Na trí rudaí is deacair a mhúineadh bean, muc agus muaille.
41. Buail an t-iarann an fhaid atá sí té.
42. Is fearr go deireanach ná go bráth.
43. Nuair a labhaireann an chuach ar crann gan duileabhar díol do bhó agus ceannaigh arbhar.
44. Níl satharn sa mblian nach soilsgheann an grian.
45. Comh glic le sionnach.
46. Éist lé fuaim na h-abhainn agus geobhadh tú breac.

1. Is fearr stuaim ná neart.
2. Ná comhair na sicíní go dteaga siad amach.
3. Ní théigheann cuileóg sa mbéal a bhíonns dúnta.
4. Níor dhún dia béarna ariamh nár oscail sé ceann eile.
5. An rud a sgraíbhann an púca léigheann sé féin é.
7. Ní thagann ciall roimh aois.
8. Is fearr aon i do lámh ná dhá ceann ar tor.
9. Níheadh lá na gaoithe lá na scolb.
10. Tráthnóna fóghmhar nó cloc i bpoll mhóna.
11. D'imthigh an t-ór agus d'fhan an óinseach.
12. Is fearr cóir ná dul gan dlighe.
13. Bíonn an fhírinne searbh.
14. Dubhairt bean liom go ndubhairt bean leí.
15. Is caora mhór an t-uan ibhfad.
16. Is geal leis an bhfiach dubh a ghearrcach féin.
17. Níl sógh gan an-sógh.
18. Is iomdha lá sa gcill orainn.
19. Ná cuir do corán i ngarraidh gan iarraidh.
20. Is milis fíon, is searbh é íoc.
21. Ná bí cruaidh, is ná bí bog.
22. Is fearr cinn ná ceann.
23. Saoghal maith ceatharnaigh trí cneadha lorgain.
24. Is fearr marcuidheacht ar gadhar ná coisidheacht ar abhas.
25. Ná caith amach an t-uisge salach go mbeidh an t-uisge glan.

99. Ná caith do saoghal díom aoi
100. Briseann an duthchas tré shúilibh a chuit
101. Is tréise dubhchas na oileamhaint
102. Eist le fuaim na h-abhann agus geobhair breac
103. Ní folamh an gleann na mbíonn an t-uisge
104. Ní tabhair breith ar an gcéad sgéal
105. Seashain teanga lom leath
106. An té na bhíonn láidir ní folair do bheith glic
107. Is fearr rith maith ná droich sheasamh
108. Is mairg a bíonn tíos do'n cead bulle
109. An glór na tuigeann an ceann
110. Is cuma é ann no as
111. Dá faid é an lá tagann an oidce.
112. Ní bhíonn an ráth acht mar a mbíonn an smacht
113. Tagann an grían i dhiadh na fearthanna
114. A sgéal féin sgeal gabh aoinne
115. Bíonn an fhéirinne searbh acht bíonn sé folláin
116. Ni'l tuile na trághann acht tuile na ingrás
117. Ní thagann an gobadán dhá traigh leis i n-einfeacht
118. Is trom an tulach aineolas
119. Ní ualach do duine an fhoghlaim
120. Is fanach an ait a bfuighfha glumach
121. Beatha duine a toil.
122. Aithnigheann ciaróg ciaróg eile.
123. Ní trimide loc a lacha ní trimide capall srian ní trimide caora (?) ní trimide ceann ciall.

There was another giant and he was as tall as the tallest tree. He was living in this district but he was to big to go into any house so he said he would have to go to the sea shore to get sand to build a house for himself. He had very large cleeve so large that four cleeves would build the largest castle in the world. He brought two such baskets with him loaded them with sand and was about five miles from his home when the cleeve burst and all the sand fell out and formed the sand Hills of Knockanorrow.
There was a witch living in her castle in Glynsh. She had an underground road to the castle in this parish. She kept an army an was very wicket and her name was "Nual na Mideoig". She invited the tired Spalpians into her castle to rest but did not go out alive. One day the neighbouring people gathered and followed and she turned into a hare but the hounds followed her. She went to Roscommon and there she ran up a tree. The men came along and killed her. She said if she was in wrong the tree would grow down and it did.

(2) There's no maan will get me & keep me but some one will come after him & scatter me.
(3) He said he didn't care who had him.
Nuair rinneadh an t-airgead, thug sé trí leabair
I. An te do gheabhfad mise & nach gcoinnéachaidh mé ní bheadh sé aige nuair a theasthear mé uaidh
II Níl aon duine a gheobhfear mé agas a coinneócfear mé nach d'tiocfhear duine in m'diaidh agus sgapfear mé
III Is cume lion cé hé a mbeidh aige.
(Mr Connell says these are strong firm and true like the sun to the Dial)

The greatest accidents that ever happened in this district was the drowning of a man and a priest. The man's name was not known. He lived near Dunmore and was working for a named Finney who lived near Lavally Lake. The man was a good swimmer and one day he swam into Lavally Lake to rob a wild ducks nest. When he was swimming out his hands and feet got caught in weeds and help could come he was drowned.One night a priest who was going on a sick call thought to make a short cut by going through the fields. In one of the fields which he had to cross there was a sand pit which was filled with water. The horse which the priest was riding ran into the hole and both horse and rider were drowned.The man called Finney was on agent for a landlord and tenants used go to his house to (his) pay the rent. He made a cross and

candles
The people long ago used get their candles made in a factory in Tuam. They used also have rushes steeped in parifin oil to show light like candles. They also used bog-deal to show light. They used cut it up in logs and burn it in the fire to show them light. There used also be soap made in the candle factory in Tuam. They were both made from tallow.
basket making
There is a man living in "bayde" who used make ass-baskets. The bottoms of those baskets were called "cléhogs." There are two sticks going up from the straddle which are joined on to the baskets. They are called "stoiricíns." There are two other sticks joining the the baskets on to the straddle. They are called sloidíns. There was nobody in the district able to make ropes. There was a man named Michael Goaley who lived in Forth brown who used make barrels. There were

Candles were made out of rushes. They were cut, left to season. Then they were dipped in resin, and they were left one side until required for use. Gúsach: Bogdale. The roots of trees got in the bottom of a boghole were brought home, split into strips a foot long, and dried by the fire. These were called Cipíní Geúsach and were used as candles or matches.
Another says- Pick thick rushes in daytime, make into candles and hang on crane to dry. Peel off green covering. Cut 6" long. Melt grease, dip rushes and leave in cool place to harden for use.

There was once a miserly old man whose name was Sean Mac Airgid. He had more money than ever he could spend and he was too mean to give any of it to the poor. He kept it locked in a box. As the days passed he began to fear that some thief might hear of his riches and break into the house. One night he carried his box of gold to a corner under a hill and buried it there under a yew tree. Day after day he would go through the field to the corner under the hill and would stand by the yew tree and talk to himself of all the wealth in money that was hidden under his feet. Little;e he guessed that a thief had watched him crying out to the hiding place and had dug to see what was hidden and had found the money and made away with it. One day old Sean having saved another pound decided to bury it with the rest of his wealth beneath the yew tree (under) in the corner under the hill. Imagine his surprise after digging for the box to find the hiding place empty. Trembling with distress he ran all the way to a big town in order to consult a lawyer. "Whatever can

Old HousesThe roofs of the houses were made of scraws and thatch. There used to be a bed in the kitchen one side of the fire. It used to be called the "camp bed. The one that would be putting down the fire in the morning that used to sleep in it. The fire used to be in the middle of the house and the chimney also. The chimneys were made of round sticks and plastered with dóib buidhe. Some houses two doors and more houses one door. Before the glass was used they used to have a bag of hay or straw in the windows at night. They used to have windows but they used to be very small. They could not be opened like the are to day. They used to burn turf. They used to have green rushes pealed and dipped in grease and that is what they had for light. It is not long ago since the candles first came in use.

46. A good clamp of turf it takes to mak a fire.
47. What is home without a mother.
48. It is a long road without a turn.
49. Liars ought to have good memory's.
50. Don't judge the book by the cover.
51. We know the worth of water when the well runs dry.
52. Cleanliness promotes the health of both body and mind.
53. Extravagance in youth makes want in old age.
54. Great designs with small means is the ruin of many.
55. When the cat is out the mouse can see.
56. On their merits modest men are dumb
57. Every thing has an end as well as man.
58. Hail fellow well met.
59. We get out of life what we put into it.
60. After a storm comes a calm.
61. Fools rush in where angels fear to tread.
62. The end must justify the means.
63. There are none so blind as those that cannot see.
64. Money is the servant of some men and the master of many.
65. Charity begins at home, but should not end there.

Bár Aoine, Caoineath Sathairn, Tionnlacan an Domnaigh. That is what the people used pray for long ago.

Bár Aoine, Caoineath Sathairn, Tionnlacan an Domnaigh. That is what the people used pray for long ago.

and eat them. They were arrested and transported to Van-Dieman's land. There was a little song composed of them. I have but little of it.Poor Michey Moran and,
Patchen Ó mo croidhe mo (?)
For the lands of Ballysheedy,
You will see no moreA Story
In the bounds of Ballysheedy there is an underground palace named Cathair Mughacháin. It was surrounded by big walls. The walls are knocked down now. When the walls were standing you could see the ships coming in to Gallay bay. The chief who lived there was King Ó hEoin. Intime of war he was fighting. He was killed in Dublin. The key is kept in Dublin. One of the Rosengraves of Lisheen was offered the key of the palace. But he refused it There is an under tunnel going as far as Lisheen about an Irish mile long. Dr. Fahy went to see it. There was a man living in Seehan. His name was Séan Úna Mahan. He was looking one day for rabbits at Cathair Mughacháin. A large weasel came

The farm and domestic animals we keep are, cows, horses, sheep, pigs, hens, ducks, geese and turkeys. We have no special names for the cows. When I drive the cows in or out to the field I say "How". I say the same to the calves and the cattle.
The stable into which we put the cows is called the cowhouse. There is a beam from one wall of the stable to the other and there are four chains attached to it. Each cow is tied round the neck with a chain. The space inside this beam is called the manger and we fill this manger with hay every night and morning for the cows.

177ContinuedHe walked a crooked mile
He got a crooked sixpence
At a crooked style
He bought a crooked cat
And he killed a crooked mouse
Them all lived together in a
little crooked house.Ena mena mina mo
Where did all my friends go
To the east to the west
To the old crows nest
hopping in the garden
Skipping over the sea
If you don't want to bully us
Out goes she.Abna babna babne buidhe
Holsem tolsem leig do sgith
potatoe roast single toes
Out goes sheEarl werl Ember lock
s mls ten oclock
she sprang she sprung
She early rung.

There was a man in Newcastle near Athenry one time and he got word that there was a pot of gold hidden beyond in the hill of Cnochán Dubh near Monuéa. He got a spade and went digging there, and under the final [?] he dug he saw the head of a black cat coming up. He ran away as quickly as he could, but the black cat got up to him near the gate, and he took a bit off his leg with his teeth. If he had stayed there any longer he would have had him killed.It is said that any black cat that is minding gold will not pass any gate or any river, and it was this that saved the man from being followed. The man was lame ever after.

There was once a man and his only companion was a faithful dog. While both of them were walking one day they met a gentle man dressed in ministers attire.The gentle man invited both to dinner. While they were sitting at dinner the minister rang the bell and a huge dog entered with a tray laden with eatables; then he disappeared and a while after the minister rang the bell again.The dog appeared with a tray laden with wine and other drinks and he disappeared then. Before he started for home he offered to buy the dog. The minister said he would not part (t) with the dog for any money.He started off for home and on on his way he met the priest and he told him about the wonderful dog the minister had. The priest went to the house and he asked to see the dog and the minister said he had no dog. The priest went into the room

In November 1852 there was a boat wrecked going into Slyne Head. There were six men lost including a lightkeeper. The crew consisted of Tom King, Mr O'Conner the light keeper, Martin Conroy, Edward King, Mark Welsh, Philip Stanton. The light-keepers on the island were watching the boat and when they were drowned they saw Mr O Conner come and go to his post. In the night Martin Conroys brother saw Martin come in to the room and get money for playing cards.

It is thought that a giant called "Micheál Gráine" was living in Tiaquin long long ago. One day he invited Fionn and his men to a feast. When Fionn arrived at the castle there was no one there but he went in all the same. No sooner were they within when they fell in a heap on the floor and then the whole house began to get small and a voice outside said that unless the "Fianna" could kill the 200 inhabitants of Tiaquin before sun rise every man in their ranks would die. The 200

In Costello's land in Toberroe there is an old fort which is supposed to be filled with fairies. Lights are seen moving from one fort to another all round. Great music and crying the noise of rolling barrels and churning are heard.
One night John Keaveny then living in Oughta was one night coming home from a wake in Cloonfaughna at about two o' clock A.M. Just as he was passing by Costello's fort a big hound. He looked in and saw the whole fort in place blaze. The hound then disappeared but an old woman appeared in its stead. She ran behind him as far as Johnny Mac's and there disappeared. Then he heard the noise of of barrels rolling behind from there to the school. Then the old shappy dog again appeared and accompanied him to the bóithrín his own dog came to meet him there the fairy disappeared.

for pigs and they are given to them during summer months when potatoes are scarce.
Ivy is used to dye clothes green. "Sgrac Loc" a hard kind of moss which grows on stones is used to dye flannel brown.
"Laub" which is a kind of mud got in boggy is used to dye wool black.
Holly berries, wood-pine berries, corell berries and Green-Elm berries are poisonous.

knowing he was a protestant held back his hand Kelly asked him to shake the holy water and so (he did) told him that he had come to give the site for a church and also to give help and he kept his word. That's where the Church now stands. This Denis Kelly and Marcus met together in Ballygar. Kelly wished this poet to say something about his good actions. The poet said he didn't like to do what he asked that he might be vexed at what he'd say. Kelly said go on I won't be vexed. The poet spoke and said:-
The chapel is built and the
Church it may fall
And kill Denis Kelly, his
jumpers and all
He gave him 5/- or 7/6 even this he got the rub.

Ta na Francaigh istigh agus i gCillala atá siad is tá an tarm galldha i mbéal an atá Caithfidh siad díobhfa na cótaí dearga
'agus iopáchaidh siad le
Ví va le the boys are coming

Pelting old shoes after the married couple and also oatmeal was a great game.
You should have a married man and woman at the ceremony.
Its right to have some hen manure and a grain a salt in the corner of some of the clothes of a pregnant woman.
And its also right (to) for such woman to wear part of her husband's clothing such as a waistcoat. This is done to prevent the fairies taking away either the child or its mother.
If people were well off long ago and the priest to think lot about them then he would go and baptise the child or (ch) as the case may be in their own home.

playing in the room. Two men who had been married first asked the third man "how do you like your wife"? Bedad I like her well. I bet she's as obedient as any of yours. Well, we'll make a bet. The first man called his wife - "Mary come here." She answered "Wait till I deal the cards."
The next man called aloud "Kate, come down here" Kate replied "Wait till I play this game." The third man - that man who took a chance on the wild cailín - called on his own "Sara" come. Immediately, the cards were flung on the table and away Sara goes to her husband.
The bet was won. This was the result of the good training she was given by her husband.

Mumps:Long ago when a person would get this disease some leaves of glorium used to be applied to the throat. This herb is supposed to have the effect on lessening the pain and reducing the swelling.Cuts:In former times when a person would a cut a cob-web used to be applied to the cut to prevent bleeding.
Salt used to be applied also for the same purpuse.Sore-eyes:Buachaillí an tighe, as the herb is called, is capable of curing sore eyes.The eyes, when bathed with black tea, are supposed to be cured.

21. The most haste the less speed
22. A watching pot never boils
23. The longest way round is the shortest way home
24. A good hurler is always on the ditch.
25. A good beginning is half the work
26. Talk is cheap
27. A barking never bites
28. A a burnt child dreads the fire
29. The darkest hour is the nearest to the dawn
30. Pride comes before a fall
31. Silence gives consent
32. Wait for the fine day and you will get it
33. The hills far away are very green
34. Early to bed early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise.
35. Rather death than shame
36. A mean man is always the poorest
37. A blind man is a bad judge of colours
38. Season thoughts are the best
39. Saying and doing are two different things
40. Don't count the chickens before they are hatched
41. Tis a bad wind that doesn't good for someone
42. A new broom sweeps clean
43. A bird is the hand is worth two in the bush
44. One fools makes one
45. A slig of the tong is no fault of the mind

There was once an old woman named Biddy Early who resided near Scariff in County Clare. She was supposed to have a charm. Many people got cured of sore backs and indigestion by means of her power. It was said that anyone who went to her would get a bottle from her and in the interior of that bottle she had the charm. If any other person touched the bottle the charm was gone.
When a person would go to (to) her she would look through a bottle and tell one who they met on the road and also what they had at home.
One time a boy got crippled and his mother went to Biddy. She gave her a bottle and told her to mind would she fall going out a certain gap so that she would not break the bottle. When the woman was going home she fell going out the gap and broke the bottle.
Next day she went to Biddy again and got another bottle. When she was

mighty Finn so much that he picked up one of the huge stones on which they had eaten and flung it in the direction of Slíabh Bán. It slipped through his fingers and only reached the village of Curragh where it may be seen to this day with the marks of his fingers on it. This stone is called Cloch Breach.
In order to show he could do better he picked up the second stone and threw it into the river Suck where the village of Athleague now stands, beating his first mark by about three miles. This stone is called Laigh Finn and it is from the rock in the fort that

Long ago the people never wore shoes until they were twenty years. The water they washed their feet with they threw it out
The people that used to wear shoes used to leave them off from St. Patrick's Day to the first of October
There was a woman named Peggy Flynn and she did not throw out the water she washed her feet with and the farmers came in that night and they told her they would not do anything to her if she brought them in a
siddle of water. She went for the water and according as she was filling the water it was going out through the bottom of the siddle. She did not know what to do.
There was a man near her and he told her to plaster the siddle with cow dung. So she brought the water to the farmers and when she went in she told them that the hill of the Cnoc Háige

are very busy, and cross. A blue flame in the fire also tells of bad weather coming. The early arrival of the wild goose means a hard cold winter, as the early arrival of the swallow means an early summer weather. Bubbles on rivers and lakes mean heavy rain.
When thunder is near the sheep come down to the valleys from the hills, and the cattle seek shelter; the weather is "close". A clear starry night is a sign of frosty weather.
The east wind is cold and frosty: the north wind brings (slo) snow and hail, the west wind is warm.
Rheumatism and corns trouble people when rain is approaching. It is also a sign of rain when the far-away hills look near, and when the whistle of the train seems near though it be a good distance away. Soot falls down the chimney, ducks cackle, donkeys bray, beetles come out from their hiding places, spiders travel about and the

Béaloideas
Another old Story
There was once a man living in Kilchreest who was very fond of getting drunk, and the Parish Priest, Father Cassio was always telling him to stop drinking, or the devil would get the better of him. One night he was out very late and when he was coming home he fell asleep in the car. The jennet walked straight up to his door. The young boys took the jennet out from the car and brought him into the kitchen. They took the wheels from under the car and brought the car into the house and put the wheels under it again, and put the man up on the car. When the man woke up in the morning he found himself in the car, and he went to the priest and told him where he

Béaloideas
Bird Lore (continued)
The magpie is a familiar bird. It builds its nest high up on an ash or oak tree. Its nest is made of twigs and lined inside with wool and hair which the magpie procures by pulling off the sheep's and cow's backs. It lays about six speckled eggs which it hatches. It, too, is a thief; it steals hen and duck eggs as well as the eggs of other birds. It kills young chickens. It is considered to be unlucky to meet, or see, one, magpie on the road while it is lucky to meet two.
The little robin with his red breast is known to all. It makes its nest in a small bush or in an old wall. It lays six speckled eggs. Stories are told about how the robin got its red breast. The most well-known is that when Our Lord was hanging on the Cross the robin tried to pull the nail from His Sacred Hands and Feet. It got smeared with blood and ever since it has a red breast. Because of the belief in this story nobody ever injures this friendly little bird. (The wren)
The wren is also well known. It lays about eight eggs in a nest which has the opening in the side of it. It is caught by mummers on Saint Stephen's Day because it is said that Saint Stephen, the first martyr, was betrayed by

by putting forward their most popular Catholic Landlord to fight them in the expectation that they would not face eviction. Sir Henry Burke of Marble Hill was chosed to do their dirty work. Five tenants were picked out from different districts and after much resistance in the face of hundreds of police and emergency men they were ejected from the homes. These extreme measures only excited the Country the more, and the determination to press their claims for reduction became more general among the tenants. Munster meetings were held in the towns to condemn the evictions and the people of the surrounding Country, when called upon turned out and built houses for the evicted families. After a six month's struggle Sir Henry Burke yielded, and came to a settlement with all his tenants. He reinstated the evicted families and compensated them for all their losses, and the value of their crops.

(1) When a cow can take 3 daisies in one bite off grass you have real summer and vegetation
(2) Tá sé riabhach dry and cold day, ghlas cold bitter sharp day
(3) Is leathta an lá é cold wet perishing day
(4) Tá an ghaoth anoir andeas beidh an lá leathta is fliuch
(5) Tá cúl a cainnte air - Saying the wrong thing. tactless
(6) Dá dtrian galair san oidche - Sickness worse at night
(7) Brighid agus Máire bruighin go láidir
lámh in-iochtar lámh in-uachtar gach ré seal
'M'anam do Dhia' dubhairt Máire
'Gur breágh deas é an cíor a cas.

Once upon a time there was a family living in a lonely place. One of the daughters died when she was very young and some people thought that it brought in fairies she was about four months after her brother died. And they were all very lonely for him. Some people said that they saw him after he dying. In a year's time another boy died. He was the eldest of the family, and the mother and father nearly died after him. All the neighbors pitied them. The house was filled the night he was (died) dead, and they were all crying. They were all silent, when they heard a knock at the door, and they opened it. A man came in, and he was dressed as a gentleman. He had a horse with silver shoes. They were all crying, and he asked them why they were crying. He asked them why, for the man of the the house. The man down from the room to him and he was crying.
The gentleman asked him could he make fun. He said he did not care for fun, but he would not refuse him. He seven of the strongest men out for seven bags of turf. They put a fire in the middle of the house, and then he put seven

There is no use in crying for spilt milk.
Wilful waste makes great want.
A wrinkled purse a (w) wrinkled face.
Tell me your company and I will tell you who you are
The mill cannot grind with the water that is past.
Never put off until to-morrow what you can do to-day.
For the want of a nail the shoe was lost.
For the want of a shoe the horse was lost
For the want of a horse the man was lost
And all for the want of a nail in a shoe.
Strile the iron while it is hot.
You'll never miss the water until the well runs dry.
Too late to spare when all is spent.

any roads then.
When the man saw the cloth he knew it was dinner time and he put the crish of the cliab around his neck and started off to Cacey's house.
When he was passing the plank he was not used to it and he slipped and the cliab went one side and he was choked. Then Mrs Casey went to look for her husband when he was not coming to his dinner and as she went down the path she saw whom she thought was dead.
She told the neighbours and they came and brought him into the house and awaked him. That night Tom Casey's wife was weeping and a man that was very friendly with her told her he would marry her so they buried the man and next day they got married.
They had no money and they promised the priest they would give him a fat pig they had so they came home and went to

Long ago they used to get the thick ruches and peal off the skin. The (p) bit that would be in side they call that the wick. They would dip the wick into tallow. They would leave that out in the sun until it would be dry. At night time the would bring it in to the house and cut bits of it around the house. It would give light as good as a candle. They used to peal the rods to make the baskets and then they used to cross the rods and shape it into a baket. They smith makes fire cranes out of iron then he shape it. They get hay and cut it on top of the house and get rods to fasten the hay. The boil the rods to make baskets. They rooggers is the best. Long ago they used to get they horses shoes and leave them in the fire untill they are red. Then the take them out with a tongs. They (hamme) hammer it into bits when it is red then they make the nails.

5. Churn-Making
A man named Willie Forde used to make churns. First he would get a bitt of a tree and saw it out in boards. Then he planes the boards and made them smooth. After that he would put the timber together and shape it out. Then he roofed it to keep it tight. After this he put a hole in it to hold the handle. Then he made a dash and out a cap on it. Then the churn was ready for use
(This business is carried on by his son Tom Forde)
John Power , Fohenagh

The names of the animals we have at home are horse, cows, sheep, and pigs calves and dohkey. We have three cows at home and when we are driving them we say habra mo huaint amase. When calling the calves we say "bett." The house where the cows are kept is called a cow house. The cows are ties with a chain around there necks. It is done like this, there is long y stick put across the cabin and there is a ring of iron fastened on to it. The the chain is put into the ring and ties around the cows necks. The calves are tied the same way but instead of a chain it is a straw rope that is made and put around their necks called a ceannasc.
There is something kept in the cow-house for (lo) luck called the drum duel, this is what is in the calves mouth when calved. The druim duel is kept in the cow house behind the rafter. It is kept there so that the cow would

Lives in Winter dies in Summer
And goes away with its roots upwardAs soft as silk, as white as milk
As bitter as gall, a strong wall
And a green coat covers me all.As I went over Lincoln bridge I met Mr. Rusticah
Pins and needles on his back a going to thorney fairRead my riddle I pray
What God never sees
What the King seldom sees
What we see every day.
There is a cot beside a hill
Where thousands live at ease
Myself or half my clothing
I could not in it squeezeAs round as an apple as plump as a ball
Can climb the church over steeple and all
(The Sun)

Cloca Óir." It is thought that in this the remains of Ferdinad is buried. If anyone stirred the stones it is thought he would die. There was a priest in Attymon about year 1837 he was called Fr James McDermot. He did not believe that if anyone stirred the stones and threw them in to a field near by and he was found dead a half an hour later. Near the village of Temple there is a field in which there is a heap of stones. It is thought that every child that died during the famine 1846 was buried there. A head-stone is written in ogham writing and the people never know what it is.

There was a woman long ago. Herself and her son they lived in a little house. Her son was an amadán. They were very poor and had nothing but a little garden of cabbage and an old sheep so they had nothing to eat one day and she told Tim to go out and kill the sheep and he did and when he had her washed and cleaned she told him to put down a small bit of it with a head of cabbage and to count the rest of the cabbage and to leave as much meat as there would be cabbage. For out he went and left a bit of meat in top of every head of cabbage and next morning all the meat was gone. The dogs and everything took the meat that night so when they got up in the morning they had

The names of the roads in this district are Bóchairin Feamuinn and Bárr an Bháile. Bóthairin a' mine leads to the shore at Aillebrack. There were men making it in the bad times and they used to get two stones of meal every week.
Bárr an báile leads to Aillebrack beach. The men that made to get two stones of meal also. There were men and women working on the road which leads from the Iron Gate to Bunowen crossroad. The men used to carry stones and the women used to spread them.
They used to get two stones of meal also.
The old boreens were in use during the time of the Famine. It is said that a man died with the hunger during the time Famine at Goura Gill, which is west of Boreen a' mine. His name was Gill and the place was afterwards called

They were called "Cailleachaigh bodhaí because they were deaf. One of them used to go always about one hundred yards before the other.

The first sign of the (po) Famine was the failure of the potato crop. Before the blight came there were good crops of stalks but no potatoes. The district was thickly populated before it and some ruins of the houses still remains. The people had to live on porridge. Many people died on the roadside. The people on their way to Mass on Sundays had to eat the green raw vegetables with the hunger. In Famine time there was a funeral which many people attended. These were so hungry that they ate a full garden of cabbage that was near by. Later on there was an allowance made and the poor school children got cakes. These cakes were called "Gataí". The government relief reached the district also.

There is a holy well in Templetaghan. It is called St. Patrick's well. The people do stations after the 15th of August. When St. Patrick was in the West he passed through Templetouhar and he kneeled down to pray there and left the track of his knee in a stone there. There is also a tree there and a statue of St. Patrick. It is said that the Blessed Virgin Mary apeared to a woman when she was doing her station there. There was a servant girl working for Mrs. Egan and she did not know the well they used, so she got the water out of St. Patrick's well to boil potatoes and it was down all night and at last the people of the house asked her where did she get the water. and she showed them and it was in St. Patrick's well so they took up the water and it was as cold as ever and they had to throw it out and get the water out of the right well. The people also drink the water that is in the well. It is said if there were warts on a person if they go to the place where St. Patrick left the track of his knee, three times and bathe wherever the warts are, they are cured.

nuair a tháinich se abaile bhuail pian é agus bhí faithcíos air go bhfuigheadh sé bás agus b'fhágh sé mar úcta é nuair gíobhaid sé bás an mála a chuir foai na chloigheann sa giónra. Fuair sé bás agus chuireadh na cnó leis. Bhí beirt ghadaidhe ag eisteacht leis an oidhche sin. Chuadhadar go dtí an reilic agus thógadar anios an mála cnothaí agus tóghadar cad agus thosuigheadar dá mbriseadh ar an leic. Annsin dubhairt fear aca leis an bhfear eile gur ba bhreagh an rud caora a goid. D'imthigh duine aca agus d'fhan an duine eile af briseadh na gcnotaí
Tamhall na

There was only one tailor in every town long ago. They used to go from house to house making clothes and they had no machines only needles. The cloth the tailors had long ago was woven.The clothes the people wore was woven. They made the material out of flan. The tools the tailor uses are a thimble and a needle. They used to make shirts and sheets of linen. Long ago the people used to knit their own stockings, because they had no money to buy them. Nearly every house had a spinning wheels long ago.

The (leipreacháin) little fairy man is known in this district as the "Greasaidhe leipreacháin". He is about four inches in height and he has a long grey beard. He dresses in a red jacket , white trousers, and a tall green hat with a tassel on the top of it. He wears funny little shoes with long crooked tops on them.According to the old people he lives under a mushroom and he is always shoemaking. It is said that he has a pot of gold hidden under some tree. But if you catch him you are not to take your eyes off him until he tells you where the pot of gold is.There was once a women who caught the "leipreacháin" in a field of oats. She put him into her apron, and was bringing him home. He shouted and said "Look at that house of fire." She looked back and as she did he jumped out and ran away.

them are made from boards and coated with tare. There is one fire in each of the forges and a bellows to blow the fire. The bellows is made from timber and leather. There is a board nailed around the sides of it.
He makes tires for wheels and fixes ploughs and shoes wheels and a lot of other jobs in the open air. The names of the owners of those forges are Patrick Mac Loughlin Moneen Patrick Connaughton Derfyode[?] Patrick Ganly Kilinalay and Martin Mac Dermot Williamstown. Patrick Ganly's forge is near a crossroads and Patrick Mac Loughlin's forge is near a big stream. The fathers and grandfathers of these blacksmiths were blacksmiths too.

Here are some of the marriage customs I have heard of.
It is said that if anyone was getting married it is an old rule to break a cake of oaten bread on the couples heads. This is another marriage custom I have also heard of.
It would be very lucky for the married couple to meet a man riding a white horse when they would be going home from the church after the marriage.

out of the blood is to apply a herb known as (bomfry) to the knee, also the feathers of a hen. If you get a bump on the forhead by falling, press a penny against it and it will disappear in a very short time. A cure for boil is to get a snail and hang him on a thorn bush and as the snail will be rottening the boil will be going also. A cure for warts is to rub a slug of them. If a whittle or a stone bruise on your foot the usual cure is to rub a raw piece of bacon of it and to let the cat lick it then. A cure for a nettle scorch is to rub a dockleaf of it. A cure for a pain in the ear is to get a wad of cotton, warm it put castor oil on it and to put it into the ear then. If you get Thrálac in the

9. As I opened my Christmas box I found my uncle Thady. I pulled off his head, drank his blood and left his body easy.
Answer: A bottle of porter.
10. Two brothers we are great burdens we bear by which bitterly pressed the truth I declare. We are full all the day and empty when we go to rest.
Answer: A pair of boots.
11. It grows in the wood, it sounds in the town and it earns its master many a pound.
Answer: A fiddle.
12. As I went out a guttery gap I met a horse with traces, a hundred needles on his back and he ready for the races.
Answer: A Hedgehog.
13. A little round house and it is full of meat but has no doors or windows to let me in to eat.
Answer: An egg.
14. Little White Maggie has a red nose the longer she lives the shorter she grows.
15. As black as ink and ink it isn't; as white as milk and milk it isn't and it hops on the road like hailstones.
Answer: A magpie.
16. What is it that is smaller than a mouse and has more windows than King George's big house?
Answer: A thimble.

3.
One day a man went to the fair. It was dark when he was returning, he had a cow. A leipreachan came out across the road and asked the man to sell the cow for a bottle. The man passed on and did not mind him. The leipreachan was about two feet high, he had a big yellow hat and yellow clothes on him. He had yellow shoes with turned up tops. He is usually making shoes. One day a man head the leipreachan hammering shoes. He had not time to look for him.4. The leipreachan is usually called the gréasuidhe. He is a small man with a very old face. He wears a white coat and a tall red hat. He lives in a small hillock near trees. He is supposed to sit on top of the hillock every night making shoes.
It is an old tradition that a man caught him once. He made him show him where the gold was. The leipreachan showed him a spot in the middle

An fóthanán, bóthalán, gleórán, carabán neanntóg caoch, cupóga sráide, agus, an t- (?) iad na fiadhaile is díogbhála.
These weeds are harmful because they both spread rapidly and make the soil poor. The thistle and the wild clover grow where the land is good. The roots of the wild bluebell when boiled cures red-mourn cattle by giving them the juice of it to drink.

Long ago the olden people made ropes of bogdeal. Only Hickory was used. They used to split it up with axes. Then they used to take it and tear it up into strings. They took one first and twisted it. They used to hold it between their legs then, when they had that done, they twisted a few more around it. They used to stand down on it when it was made and pull it. Then they put a knot on each end. They also made ropes from flax. They used is make blankits out of the best of the flax. Then they made ropes out of what was left. They used to scitch it first with sticks. Then they used to tie a piece of it to

The Hoose1) To give them a spoon of turpentine every morning.
2) Give them flaxseed.
3) Mix a half-pint of linseed-oil; half an ounce of ginger and a couple of spoons of turpentine and give the mixture to the cattleFoot-rot in sheep1) Tallow or grease and ground blue-stone and a little branding tar mixed together and put to the rot.Sore eyes in sheep(Tobba) Tobacco juice cures itWarts in cattle1) Tie them with a piece of end and put Nitric acid on them.
2) Melt some blue-stone and mix it with butter-milk and put it on them.

There is a road leading from the Lought to Ballydonlon cross. It is two miles long. There are fourteen houses on that road. From this road there was a short cut leading to the village of Cappatagle. It was supposed to be a mass path long ago. It is said that the Lought got its name from a (old church) man that was buried there. It was the custom that who ever passed by the cross would get a stone and throw it on on top of the grave. After a while it go bigger and it was called the Lought.
At Ballydonlon cross there is a big gate formerly the entrance to Ballydonlon Castle. The avenue from this gate leading to the castle is a mile long. The castle is now in ruins. In this castle the Donlon's

There was supposed to be an old witch woman living in Bengarra long ago. I don't remember her name but she is buried in Templemoyle graveyard and there her remains still repose, there is a kind of headstone over her grave and its called "Chailleach Féarach" it can be seen in Templemoyle graveyard to this day. There is a story told that the seven churches of Glendalough were going to be built in Templemoyle by the angels. When they were going to start work the old witch looked out her door and as soon as they saw her looking out they flew away and built their churches in Glendalough. Its about 100 years ago that this witch lived in Bengarra.

a heifer. Long ago they wouldn't go to mass or any place until the second sunday after they getting married. And they wouldn't go to mass the sunday before they get married ag déanamh bróin.

to cross the hill making across to the house Pat stopped behind the others to light his pipe and the other three were chatting away for themselves never minding a bit till Jim stopped all of a sudden and said "I wonder what's keeping my father so long" and back he looked at that minute. They all heard poor Pat and he screeching "save me lads, save me". His voice seemed to come from a good distance away across the fields where there was a short cut. So the three lads followed Pat's voice god help us and every now and then they would here it going farther and farther away. Till at last they found him and his face the colour of death. They were hard set enough to bring him down home and all they could get out of him was that minute he stayed behind them a whole crowd of people swept up to him and they shoved him up the

Once upon a time there was a man named John Mannion and he was very poor. An Angel came to him and gave him three wishes. The first wish was he would like to go to heaven. The next wish was to be happy. And the last one was he would like to be buried with his father. The Angel said it was granted because he did not ask for riches.

On the 13th December 1853 Allen Pollock and his wife Mary Pollock purchased from the Burkes of Glinsk the property known as the Glinsk estate. This included all the land from Ballymoe to the top of Mount Mary and from Aughagad to Ballyhard.
The property was not long in the hands of (Pollocks) the Pollocks until wholesale evictions began. The people were still suffering from the after effects of the famine. They were poor and disorganized and were powerless to resist the activities of the crowbar brigade engaged by the landlord. In turning the country-side into a cattle ranch whole villages were wiped out in the course of a day. Children who left their homes for school in the morning sometimes found their houses levelled to the ground on their return, and the floor being ploughed up in preparation for grass seeds.
Amongst the villages wiped out in this locality were Cuilnacappy, Park, Moneenrue

Sore eyes = to wash them with cold tea was supposed to be a good cure. To wash them in cold water (a) or in new milk is also a good cure.
Warts = to find water in a stone and get a pin and dip it in the water, and then rub the pin on the wart three times, and leave it back again, and whoever will get the pin will get the warts. Another cure is to let someone count them with a pin.
Cough = to drink syrup (in) which is made from vinegar, sugar, and treacle
Biles = to go early on three Monday mornings to where the waters of three different properties meet(s) and wash them in the river.
Chin cough = any cure that a man riding on a white horse would, and do what he would tell you was supposed to cure the chin-

Once upon a time there were two men working in England. One day they had neither money, bread , meat for a meal. Then one man said, "Ill get the bread if you get the meat. All right said the other man I will get the meat. The two went off and one man stood by a shop after a while a bread car came along and stood by the shop. Then the bread man went into the shop. While he was within the man took two loaves of the car and held them one in each hand until the bread man came out.
What are you doing there said he. Ah said he I bought a loaf there within and I was trying was [?] heavier than your's. Take your load and be clear said the baker's man and the fellow walked off and had the loaf free. When he met the other he said "now I got the bread let you get the meat." All right said the other man. Ill go to the butcher's shop and let you come along by and by. The fellow went into the shop and told the butcher to get two pound of beef. The butcher cut the beef [?] felt it down. It's beef I want said the fellow and not bacon. Isn't that beef said the butcher. It's not said the follow. Well it is said the butcher.
Well it's not said the fellow. Well if there is a man in town that says that's bacon, you can

a wand and turned Jack and his horse, hound, and hawk into (three ston) four stones.
Next morning Tom went to the well and there was blood in the water. Then he said to his wife that he would go in search of his brother that something must have (ha) happened to him. So he set off and he brought a horse, hound, and hawk with him also. He also came to the forest and lost his way. He came to the hut and brought in his horse, hound, [?] and hawk with him. He was not long inside when the old woman came again as before. She asked for lodging but Tom said that he could not give her lodging that his horse, hound, and hawk would eat her. she begged him to let her in that she was a poor woman who had lost her way in the forest. Then she gave him three ribs of her hair and to tie his horse, hound, and hawk with them.
Tom threw the ribs of hair in the fire. The witch thought that he had tied his horse, hound, and hawk with them. Then she came in and asked him for some

1. Seán Canning 2.PortumnaAbout 10 years ago there lived on the banks of the Shannon (lough to) at Kylnavalley Rossmore about five miles from the small town of Soodford a family named Heageney. There lived in the household the mother and three sons. The eldest of the boys was a keen sportsman by way of the gun and spent the greatest fort of his time boating and fowling.
It was one early morning in the harvest time of the year that John Heageney took down his gun to go in quest of game. His mother joke to him [?] [ ?] and said- "John my boy, dont you know that our wheat is now rife and is for cutting", "also the hay in the Black Meadows is in [?] cochs and is fit for trimming."
"dont worry mother" said John "ill be back in a hurry I wont delay" John called his dog Dash and with his

1. Never take a book by the cover.
2. Share the rod and spoil the child.
3. Look before you leap.
4. One man's meat is another man's poison.
5. On our deed we shall be judged.
6. Too many cooks spoil the broth.
7. Many hands make light work.
8. Speak not evil of one another.
9. Bruelty seldom needs courage.
10. Youth is the proper time to learn.
11. So much of one thing is good for nothing.
12. Nip evil in the bud.
13. A shut mouth catches no flies.
14. A rolling stone gathers no moss.
15. A stitch in time saves nine.
16. A long road. that hasn't a turn.
17. Loming events cast their shadows before.
18. A little help is worth a lot of pity.
19. Strike the iron while tis hot.
20. Lows fas away have long horns.
21. Gods mercy is nearer than the door.
22. A bird in the band is worth two in the bush.
23. Practice what you preach.
24. A barking dog is slow to bite
25. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
26. A burnt child dreads the fire.

198
Long ago the old people that died, were laid out on a table. The table would be drawn out in the middle of the floor. The people from far and near would have to cry for the dead person. One time two had a bet, which of them would take a skull from a grave would get a hundred pounds. One of the men said he would go, and the other man said he hadn't courage enough. Early that night one of the men went hiding in the graveyard, until the other man came. When the other man came he started looking for a skull, and every skull he would get was belonging to the other man's sisters or brothers. The other man said "You don't own every skull here. he brought home the skull and he got his money.This man and his wife had many children, and they lived in a very backward place, and his wife wanted him to get a bicycle for the children. The answer he made her was "me deacent woman if they had a bicycle no one would know their address"A crowd gathered ina house one night and they were talking and chatting about everything. When someone else went in, on his courths. Someone inside asked his what was the night doing, they meant to ask him was it raining or snowing, and he said "Passing away"Two men were very great, and one of them died, and before he died he said he would come back. He came back one night and the other man asked him could you get married and the other man said you could. Are you married, he said he wasn't, Why. their is no priest in Heaven.

3. There is only one forge in the parish of Kilconnell. John Dooley is the smith's name, his son works with him also. John Dooley's father and grandfather were blacksmiths also, his father came to forge over fifty years ago. The forge is situated by the side of the road about a quarter mile from Kilconnell. The forge is a small low building roofed with felt. There is a large door with one small window. There is one fireplace, he has a large bellows to kindle the fire. There is a large anvil in the middle of the floor on which he leaves the red iron when he is making horse-shoes and other things. He has a place fired outside on which he leaves wheels of carts to shoe them. There was an old superstition that forge-water would cure warts. The smiths were always considered strong. 4. Smiths knew a lot of things. "I heard it at the forge" was a common saying.5. In former times the smith was always chairman of a local meeting.
6. The blacksmith had a lot of news and information in the Fenian times.

3. In Seanbaile there is the ruin of a little castle. It was built by a landowner named Lowe in the year 1797. It was not occupied by soldiers but at that time a lot of hunts were held and this was used as a stand or watch-tower. The date-stone (1797_ is till to be seen in Lisnascreena. In Glenbrock there are the remains of a very large castle. It is about six storeys high and the walls are still in good repair. There is a bell in the castle still and it is used to call the men to work. There are alcoves in the wall inside with little windows for firing through. There the remains of a tower about twenty yards from the castle. It is knocked now but but the wall is still about ten feet high. It was about nine feet in diameter. There is a well about three miles from my village. There are stones there, one with the image of our Lord crucified on it. There are others with writing on them. The land is owned by Sir George Mahon and one of his ancestors had the stones taken away but the stones kept shouting "bring us back" and they never stopped until they were brought back. One time water was drawn from the well but it could not be boiled. The name of the well is St Cuan's Well and every year in the month of October and do Stations. The 15th October is Pattern Day

field and a family of the Fleerick down near McGahs who were also evicted. about the year 1985.They emigrated to America

The man who was the principal character in the last story was a descendant of people who, for generations had some strange "Fios" concerning deaths in their native district.
This man Costelloe and his father and grandfather could tell to the minute when anyone young or old in the village would die. |(that is of course people that were ill).
One one such occasion, there was a young woman named Burke very ill after having given birth to a young baby.
Costelloe, who was only a lad of about fifteen, or sixteen years of age at the time, accompanied his father to a neighbour's house for a pair of "cleeves" (baskets) to put out manure. They stayed at the neighbours house and made a visit. On their way home - it was "meadhaon oidhce", the father said to the son, as they were crossing a stile each of them carry "a cleeve" on his

Weavers of Long Ago
Long ago there lived a weaver in this parish named Cunningham. He owned a loom to which the people used to send their wool or thread. He used to weave it into flannel out of which the women made "báiníns" for the men. Báíns were flannel jackets with sleeves, they are now extinct save in Cunningham. The women made petticoats for themselves which they dyed red. No country women then considered her wardrobe complete without a few red petticoats. The colored the flannel red for it possessed more warmth

Our churn at home is a dash churn. It is about three feet in height. The sides of the churn are round and it is about fifteen years old. The parts of it are the [?] dash, churn cup, butter-dish. There is a mark on our churn to correspond

The water that is blessed on Easter Saturday there is a special blessing attached to it and that it cannot get that blessing any other time of the year, all the people bring home a bottle of it and each person drinks one mouthful of it. If a thunder storm came this holy water would be shaken against the windows and doors of the house so as to keep the harm away and the same is done with Whitsuntide water.

The people made Boxty long ago out of raw potatoes they washed them and scrape them and mixed it with flower and backed it on a ban. They got a board and fasened a ten on it and board holes in it. The people liked it very much with milk and butter.

Long years ago there lived a man and his wife in the Wicklow mountains. They had two sons. One of them was Jack and the other was Tom. After a while the father and mother died. The two brothers lived together for a long time and then Tom got married. Then Jack said that he would go to seek his fortune. There was a spring well near the house which they used to keep very clean always. Before Jack went he told Tom that the well would turn as red as blood if anything happened to him. Then he started off and took with him a horse, hound, and hawk.
After travelling for a long time he came to a great forest. He lost his way in the forest and after a while he (was) saw a light. He (wh) went to where the light was and there he saw a small hut. He went in and brough his horse, hound, and hawk with him. after a while an old woman came to the door and asked him for lodging.

There are five forges in this parish. The smiths are Calanans, Conaways, Minog's, Cahanan and Egans in Woodford. there are two in Anash, one in Derryoobev and two in Woodford. They are near a cross roads. It has a thatched roof. The door is of no special shape. There is only one fireplace within. The fire is on a high table of stone. There is a pipe in the side of the fire. The air goes in that pipe under the fire. The smith uses a hammer, a pinchers and nails. The smith shoes Asses and horses. Conn Tully of Kylenamally drew turf with a bullock. The smith makes gates. He repairs ploughs and grubbers. The smith shoes wheels in the open air. The forge water is said to cure warts but you have to steal it. Mrs. Fahys father in Clonoon had a forge in Rossmore. He lived where Joe Saunders is living now. The stone on which he used shoe the wheels is on the side of the bog road. His name was Rooney.

They sowed flax seed in ground like corn, grew green like corn high. When ripe turning yellow picked by hand in single shaws in bundles + burned in a log hole to make it tough for a certain time. Taken up + spread around then rows carefully turned occasionally for a few days to save it. Gathered and in large bundles + put in a hay loft [?] winter is in. Taken down and broken up with [?] to take rough skin off with [?] tongs, a long round stick with [?] up middle of it. Flax was put through [?] to knock coarse skin off it. It was first scutched with something [?] about 2' long. Flax was beaten by scutching stick. Flax hanging from table - both sides of flax was scutched with stick - which was thick on

room where she used to enter is always closed even to the present day. This house is still in Kilreekle and it is owned by a family named Kelly.

Keep your shop and your shop will keep you.
Hills are green far away
Foreign cows have long horns
Half (Haly a loaf is better than no bread.
If you rise late you must keep running all day.
Debt is the worst kind of poverty.
Look before you leap.
He who slings (in) mud is losing ground.
Better late than never.
Children and fools should not handle sharp tools.

called ointment. The fringe of a towel was put into a cut to close it. Linseed to cure coughs. Black tea to cure sore eyes, and also visiting certain wells. To cure a toothache was to put salt into it. A dock leaf would cure a swelling. Blood root for curing worms. If a dog licked a cut it would cure it.Sprain was cured by washing it in a stream. A bruise washed in spring water would prevent blackening. Garlic was used for curing asthma. They also cured a corn by boiling it, and putting vinegar through it. A lead called St Patricks leaf would cure a sore, if it was warmed.For warts they stole a piece of fat, and rubbed to the warts, and then hid it under a flag. A cure for a sore throat was to gargle it with salt and hot water. They got roche lime which was fresh lime, and water on it, then they skimmed the scum and mixed it with sweet oil, this was the cure for burns. For a pain in the ear they warmed coarse salt, and put it in a stocking and put it in the ear.
Maighréad Ní Dubhgáin
Leath Dhuithche
Loch Riach

The Shops of Olden Times
During the days of my grandfather there was no shops at all in this place. And he is now eighty three years of age. If the people wanted any goods they would have to go to Loughrea for them. It was often they used to carry home a half a cwt of flour on their backs. At that time money was very scarce in this country.
They used to get as much for one shilling as you would not get now-a-days for five shillings. There used to be a woman going around selling tea, sugar, and many other articles. She used to give them tea, meat and sugar in exchange for butter, eggs and milk.
Her name was Maura Ní Aithe In this parish it was seldom they used to be selling goods outside the chapel. They used to be selling tea and other things. Long ago the people used to buy only one ounce of tea for a penny and a half pound of sugar for two pence.

Care of the feet
There were many people in this village that never wore a shoe either Winter or Summer but even so they were a far healthier race than their descendants. There was a woman in this village about fifteen years ago that never wore a boot any time in the year. She did not know how to put them on or take them off. Her name was Brighidh Mach Leadhe. She lived in a small house about a quarter of a mile from our school.
In this place many people wash their feet before going to bed. It is said that if anybody of the family was out, the water in which the person's feet

A horse with one white foot
keep him but one dayA horse with two white feet
sell him quick awayA horse with three white feet
sell him to a friendA horse with four white feet
keep him to the end.A red thread tied of a cow's tail after calving. Pat Mckeran Aged 80 says he found eggs buried in his land when ploughing He was foolish enough to eat them as at the time he thought a hen laid them there - the result

the shore of the island. more about seven miles away. Every day that John Heageney got out of bed hard luck and trouble followed him about. He held on to the old homestead for about 12 months but the local priest advised him to go to Australia. He went there alright but never returned to his beloved Kylenamelley.This district [?] in fort. They are known by different names and are so situated that more of them may be seen from the 1 top of the other. The names of the fort are Ramore, Rahyconnor, Lisduff, Coolbawn, Lisdeligne, Cooeagh (? fort) These is nothing of interest know about any of the fort in the district (?) Coolbawn. There supposed to be and entrance to the western side of

Great walkers. Granby Burke of Marble Hill cousin of the late Sir Henry Burke left Dublin in the morning and arrived in Marble Hill in time for dinner at 7.30pm after walking all the way across the country. Next morning he got up and walked to Waterford.
It was a common custom with people to walk to Limerick. Even women left the townland and walked to Limerick coming back next day carrying a big bag of meal during the famine times as there was none to be got in the district. Men often walked to fairs in Athenry and Ballinasloe with horses and cattle.
Our grandmothers often walked to Galway in their felt and back in one day and carried bags of fish in their shawls as fish was a great treat in those days. When their people would be going to America they would walk with them to Galway and bring eatables such

Then the girl left Ireland heartbroken by the death of her parents. She landed in America and after a while she began to gather money for the Franseiscians in Abey and Mount Bellow. After some years she became very famous When the famine was over in Ireland she joined the nun in America and came to Ireland. She died at an age of one hundred and four years.

About a quarter of a mile from my house there is a field called Ganoade Lohan. It got this name from a man by the name of Lohan that is buried there.
About half a mile from my house there is a village called Ganoade. It got this name because it lies within a bog and there is hardly a sod of good land in it.
About a quarter of a mile from this school there is a very long hill called Isgir, and it is said that it is part of the ditch that was built from Dublin to Galway to divide Ireland into two parts.

About fifteen years ago there was a shop in this village named Butlers. He used to sell tea, sugar, tobacco, meat and many other articles. Every night the people of this place used to go down to him cardplaying. It was like a public house every night with all the people that used to be drinking in it. He used to make the drink himself.
This house was burned by some person unknown. Long ago there was a man named "Skerry" and he used to have tents set up outside the church on Sunday selling things very cheap. It was a custom for the people to carry most of their goods on their back. And even to this day there is a woman not far from Loughrea and she would carry a bucket of water on her head and would never spill one drop of it.

and catch them, then bob twas fling up one stone and leave down two and fling up another and catch them. Then bob ones fling up one and leave down one then bob nothings fling up one stone and tip the back of your hand against the ground. Then bob four stones strike the breast fling up one stone strike your breast and leave down four fling up another and catch them. then bob scatters fling up one and scatters them out fling it up again and catch them one by one, then bob scatters two and one fling up one stone and scatter them out fling it up again and catch two then fling it up and catch one, then bob scatters two and two fling up one stone and catch two fling it up again and the other two. then bob scatters three and one fling up one stone and catch three fling up another can catch one then draw home the cows put down four stones in or row fling up stone and draw them intogether then catch them for milk the cows leave down four and fling up one stone and catch them, for back of the hand milks leave down four and fling up one stone and turn your hand and catch them. for tap the ground leave down four fling up one and tap the ground.

and catch them, then bob twas fling up one stone and leave down two and fling up another and catch them. Then bob ones fling up one and leave down one then bob nothings fling uo one stone and tip the back of your hand against the ground. Then bob four stones strike the breast fling up one stone strike your breast and leave down four fling up another and catch them. then bob scatters fling up one and scatters them out fling it up again and catch them one by one, then bob scatters two and one fling up one stone and scatter them out fling it up again and catch two then fling it up and catch one, then bob scatters two and two fling up one stone and catch two fling it up again and the other two. then bob scatters three and one fling up one stone and catch three fling up another can catch one then draw home the cows put down four stones in or row fling up stone and draw them intogether then catch them for milk the cows leave down four and fling up one stone and catch them, for back of the hand milks leave down four and fling up one stone and turn your hand cand catch them. for tap the ground leave down four fling up one and tap the ground.

Classes held yearly in Butter Making, Egg Production and in the various named National Schools, Session being approximately 6 weeks duration.One Class First Aid 12 weeks
duration held in Portumna and Gortanumne Schools Winter 1930 and 1931.Occasional lectures on agricultural given by Organisers of Agricultural Department.Lectures given by Mong Joyce - his travels to Chicago Eucharistic Congress. - his travels to Passion Play ober amerqua year Summer 1930

Under the fire and over the fire and over the fire and never touches the fire? A cake in an oven.
What would make more noise caught in a gate than a pig? Two pigs.
How many shirts could you get out of a yard? That would depend on what yard you would go into.
Which part of you goes out a gap first? Your breath.
Where was Moses when the light was quenched? He was in darkness.
Over gravel I have travelled, On a branch I did stand, I rode on a mare that never foaled and I caffied the bridle in my hand? A train.
If a hen and a half layed an egg an a half in a day and a half, how many eggs would she lay in a week? Seven eggs.
If a herring and a half cost 1 1/2 how many herrings would you get for 1/=? 12.

Long ago they used to leave the corpse on a table in the middle of the floor. They used to get snuff and leave it on the corpse. They used to get clay pipes and smoke them at the wake. Clann Rickardes put a poor woman out of the house long ago. She cursed him that he would die on sand. He died in Loughrea and when they rose him his mouth was full of sand. If bought a gallon of porter in a public shop for the wake. The next day one shutter would be up on the shop. If you bought two gallons there would be two shutters up on the shop. I you bought three one of the horsse would go funeral. If you bought five of the house would go to

One day, a crowd of men were cutting oats, and three or four hares ran out of the oats. All the men fired their hooks at them. One of the men fired the hooks with his left hand, and hit one of the hares in the leg. One day, the man was going to the fair about seven years after that. They had no (clok) clocks in olden times, and they did not know what time it was. When this man was going to the fair, he saw a small house on the side of the road. He went in to see if the man was going to the fair. When he went in he was welcomed by the other man. The man that was going to the fair. He said that he was not, because he had a sore foot. The other man asked him what happened to it. He asked him did he remember the day he fired the hook at the hare, and he said he did. He took down the hook and asked him was that his hook, and he said it was. He told the man that was going to the fair, to measure the hook with his foot, and that he would be alright. He did and the man was alright then. Then, and he gave the hook to

My home is situated about a half a mile from Loughres on the Ballinasloe road. It is a very historical place it is called Garrybreeds as Saint Brigid visited it. There is a grave-yard, a holy well and ruins of a old chapel there called after her. Just opposite the grave yard there is a field called the "Rocky" with a Mass rock in it where the priest used to Mass long ago.
The Charter House is situated near boreen na nGadhaide. It was once a school established to make the Irish Catholic children protest-ant and English. "Boreen nGadhaide" got its name as all the robbers used to stay there and rob the mail-car and when the country people were going home from the fairs they beat them and took their money.
There is a fort near our house and it is called fort-land. There are twenty-six houses in Garrybreeds, about fifty years ago there were many more houses one-storey thatched houses. They were very industrious people. There were six weavers called Ned Hare, Lackey White, Johnny White, Robert Sharp, James Kenny, Thomas Corless, three tailors called Willie Murphy, Pat Raftery and Tom O Loughlin a nailer named Joe Fahy in the village, and one of the best fiddlers in the country called John Monahan and there was a dance every night in this man's house they danced the real old Irish dances of the West. Some people came a long

the fort, and when the boy saw it, he went in to the opening and went in through it. He was a chile inside and the priest did not know where he was and then he came out again. When he was a while outside he died.
It is said that this fort is filled with foul air. It is supposed that it was the Danes who built it as a safe place for their weapons and gold. Every night there is a light seen going around the fort at twelve o clock. If you stood on the top of the fort you could see another fort called "Bleany fort" in the parish of Clontuskert. There is a tunnel going along under the ground from one of those forts to the other. No one ever interfered with those forts because they are afraid since the boy died at it. In those forts where are fairies and at twelve o clock there is a noise heard in it like churning.

further, they looked around and saw another piece of her dress on a hawthorn bush. This was their guide until they came about ten yards of the old fort. They saw her lying on the ground unconscious, and they brought her home. After three days she revived, and spoke those few lines :-
"For everything spoken
Or acted untrue;
For promises broken
And broken anew;"
She lived for two unhappy years. It is said that the fairies brought her to the fort in revenge for breakin her promise. When she died, it is said that she was seen and heard (round) lamenting and sobbing around her house.

The travellers still call around in this district. Some of the travellers are very poor and others are rich. Some travellers sell articles for alms. Some of them sleep in old tents and others sleep in vans and sheds. Some travellers are not welcome to and house unless the people was things mended. Some of them walk and others have old cars. They usually go in families. The local travellers are:- The Doyles the Donahoues the Donavans the Sheehans the Wards and the Kirshawa. They usually call for fair and in summer. The most of the travellers carry news from place to place. The travellers are sometimes called gipsies. They go around telling fortunes and cutting cards and selling carpets and lace. The travellers buy some of their food and they get the rest of it at the door of houses. The travellers have big (n) vans to travel around in winter. They get their supplies in shops. No one ever let them out of their house without giving them a charity. They do not ever remain long in one place. The alms they most usually ask for are:- milk, eggs, tea, sugar, bread and meat. They call into all the houses as they pass. They are a century or more around this place.

1. Nuair is cruaid don cailligh caithfid sí rith.
2. Bíonn adh ar amadán
3. I n-am an ghábhaidh seadh braithear an chara.
4. Tághann an lá locht ar oibhre na h-oibhre
5. Ní neart do cur lé céile
6. Is mairh a bhíos o -olc agus a bíos go bocht in a dhíaid.
7. Is geall leis an bfiach dubh a ghearrcach féin.
8. Is fusa cainnte a dhéanamh ná casóg.
9. Is minic bris béal duine a shrón.
10. Aithnigheann cíaróg, cíaróg eile.
11. Ní féidir bheit ag ithe agus ag feadáil.
12. An áit a bíonn bó bíonn bean.
13. Fine feathers make fine buirds.
14. Time and tide will wait for no one.
15. Tell me your company and I will tell you what you are
16. Hunger is a good sauce.
17. It is better late than never.
18. A learned man understands half a word.
19. It is better to be lucky than to get up early.
20. Empty vessels make most sound.
21. What the ear will not hear it will not trouble the heart.

There was once a man in Killaclogher house not far from Monivea. He was named one Mr. Kenny and he used to have parties and dances very often. He had a piper of his own living in the property named Tim Daly; he used to be playing at these parties for him. When he got old and feeble he was not able to play and Kenny told him he would put him out of the property if he had not better tunes. Before he give

As the priest was speaking the sweat came out on his forehead. After a while the people heard the noise of chains coming up through the ground. The priest said "will I bring him up the whole way" and then said "yes"
When he came up the whole way, the people wanted to throw him down again, he was so bad looking. The priest left him in a room. That room can never be opened. No one can ever go into that room.

Cuts = Tea leaves will staunch a cut or if it is a very bad one some clean moss will stop the bleeding.
Sore eyes = Wash them in cold tea or buttermilk
Burns = Another cure for burns lies in a weed called "Áine". If you leave the leaf on the burn it will stop the pain.
Boils = A plant called Bougless will cure boils
A Sting = Rub a ball of laundry blue on the spot and it will stop the pain A dock leaf rubbed on the spot will cure a (nettel) nettle sting.
Corn = Lamp oil is a good cure.
Cancer = Water Cress. This is said to be a good cure if it is cut up very finely, sprinkled with salt and eaten.
Warts = Go into a neighbours and steal a bit of bacon Rub this on the warts and then bury it. The warts will then be cured.

There was once a widower with one son who had not good sense. She was married again, his stepmother was kind to the boy but his father was very cruel to him. They had only one cow and she fell sick. The father brought the cow out the house. Then he sent for a witch to see the cow. When the witch saw the cow she said that someone was to die. The father said to her "let that lad there die. He is no good." "All right", said the witch, "The boy will begin to sneeze tonight and let ye not say 'God bless us'" When it was nearly time for the boy to sneeze the father took a big stick. When the boy began to sneeze his stepmother said "God bless us, Pat, an' what ever will we do for the cow." The father struck her with the stick and knocked her under the table. Then the first wife came out of the room and said "you will be dead before night" and he was. The cow died also.

In olden times oatmeal and indian meal was the only food, and oatmeal porridge.
The people used to get two stones, and grind the meal between them. In the time of the war white flour was not to be got, only black flour, some people could not eat this, and they had to eat porridge. The cause of (it) its colour was they made a mixture of flour, and indian meal, and bran. There was no such (s) things as stoves, or pans, it was the griddle.
Boxty
First they peeled the cold potatoes and grated them, they put them into a cloth, and squeezed them. A mixture was made with the squeezed potatoes, and boiled potatoes and flour and salt. It was then rolled out on the lasad and put them on the griddle.

Pat Mitchel was a well-known beggar-man around Glenamaddy. He was called "Pat the Bag" because he used to be going around the country begging with a bag on his back.
If he heard about any person getting married he would be sure to be there as he was very fond of drink.
Michael Fleming was another well-known beggar. He used to walk all over the country and he never wore any boots either in Summer or Winter. He had no cart to carry him and he used to sleep along by the road-side.
There were two tinker-women who were well-known around Glenamaddy. They used to be going around from house to house begging and they used to be nearly always (sho) smoking.
They were called "Cailleachaigh bodhaí

In the depths of a forest there lived a poor woodcutter. His cottage was a small turnbel down place. But he could not afford a better house and in it he lived very happily with his wife and three children. He had to work hard cutting down the trees and taking them to the nearest market and selling them. The town was a long way off and the wife went with him very often in a poor little donkey and cart to buy what the household needed. One day the man and his wife had gone to the town and left the two boys and a girl in the little

man was walking along the road, his horse trotted up beside him and the hare on his back. "Now," said the hare, "I bring you back your horse because you saved me from the hound."Weasel: The weasel's spittle is traditionally supposed to be poisonous.
Once a crowd of men were saving hay and coming across a weasel's nest they destroyed it. Later they saw the weasel spitting into a can of milk which they had left beside the fence. They then repaired the nest as well as they could, and were later surprised to see the weasel upset the can of milk which she had spat into previously.Fairy Hare: A man named John Johnson lived in Doonaum. He was very fond of shooting hares, the skins of which he threw on the loft over the fireplace. One night as he sat by the fireside he heard great noise and ruaille buaille in the loft, and on looking up he saw a number of hares jump from the loft and run out the door. He believed afterwards that those were "fairy hares" which had come back to "life".Fairy Hare: A man named Woods who lived in Ballinamona threw a stick at a hare which he found milking his cow one day and wounded her on the leg.

at the churning
Chrissie Breannelly, Farravaun (14 yrs)7. Katie Cooke of Caherliosakill used to get sticks, and make a ring of them, and put it on top of the dash. If she didnt do that she would not have any butter. One day a neighbour named Ellie Forde did the churning for her, but as she did not put the sticks on the churn she could get no butter.
Freda Dooley, Ryehill (13 yrs)8. Churning should never be done on May Day, for the fairies will steal all the butter.
Jas. Fahy, Ryehill (12 yrs)9. Give away butter on May Day, and you will have no butter in your churn for the rest of the year
Philomena Mannion (13 yrs) Ryehill10. Long ago the old people used to make butter in bottles if they were giving milk to their neighbours, for

music coming out of them from themselves (selves_. After that the gentle-man told Tim that there was a certain man sick in the place and the doctor that would cure him would get a lot of money. He said that the two of them would go to cure him to-morrow and you will go in as a doctor say the gentle man and say you want to see the patient until you cure him, but they will have to let the boy in with you" and he was and when he came he took the head of the patient. He then asked a pot of boiling water and he put the head down in the pot and settled it up again in his neck and he was as good as ever he was and they got £500 for curing him. When they were coming home the fairy asked Tim to divide the money and Tim would not give it to him. He said "you have enough without it. When he refused him the

Herbs
1. The most harmful herbs are praiseach bhuidhe weed, and the chicken weed and robin run the hedge. The reason why praiseach bhuidhe weed and robin run the hedge are so harmful is because they would spread.
2. The reason why chicken weed is so harmful is because it impoverishes the land. The thistle only grows where the land is good. The nettles and rushes grow where the land is bad.
3. Ivy leaves are used for taking stains out of clothes. There does leaves grow up, and then they roll in together, and then after about three or four weeks they open out a little again, and there is a puce stem within in it whose leaves are poison.
4. The reason why the butter cup is so small is the cows come and eat a bit of it. Nettles are good for a cold and they are also good for the kidneys. Dandelion is used for a cough cure.
5. Dock leaves would

In the winter about 40 years ago a man named Stanley rode a bicycle accros the ice to Tipperary. All October fairs people have to pay the custom 4d ahead in cattle, 1d ahead in pigs, 1s/+ in horses.

One bird in the hand, is worth two in the bush.One swallow never made a summer.A rain bow in the morning is the shepherds (delight) warning.A rainbow at night is the shepherds delight.A hungry eye sees far.A little pot is soon hot.An empty barrel makes most sound.The longest way round is the shortest way homeTears are not the only proof of sorrow, nor the best ones.

Flummery was also made out of this in the following way. The S[?] was put down to boil for about two hours, until it was thick. This was what was called "flummery". Smóidín was a mixture of oatmeal and milk & considered a lovely drink

In the Winter of 1601, when O Sullivan Beare, and his army were on their way from Kerry to Breffni they passed the village of Mount Mary. They camped for some hours on its summit but were obliged to fly, being attacked by the forces of Mac David Burke. They succeeded in defeating their attackers. They then continued their journey through Park, and Cuilnacappy and reached Creggs, where they were hospitably received. They remained there for a short time. They set out again, and passed through Lisduff and Bóithirin no Gort, and on to Glinsk.

house. A number of girls gathered in every house. A full suit of old time clothes is to be yet seen in McMahon's house, Ballygaddy, Ennistymon.Dyes
Were got in the neighbourhood Dubhpile was used for colouring frieze & was got in bogs together with bark of trees
This dye was put into pots & wool dyed before it was spun
First when wool was ready for dyeing the branches of trees bark wood & leaves were boiled for a considerable time in pot - wool was put into it then & left for 24 hours there almost boiling. The dubhpile was put in next day - the sticks being taken out first. The dubhpile & wool were left boiling (simmering) in pot near fire for 9 or 10 hours. The wool - when it had desired colour was taken up washed and dried The Dubhpile was got in the ground & any logs of water or holes left by cows' feet with water having a rust colour on surface the dubhpile such black and was taken up with the hand from that hole.
Dileach na gcloch was a kind of grey moss found on stones (not limestone) - gave snuff or brown colour for stockings, etc

a half. In my downland there are only two people that are over seventy years. None of them can speak Irish. They never made songs or poems. There names are Patrick Connaire and Mrs. Fahy. My townland is called Ballyargiduan because all the people in it long ago were very rich.
There is only one old ruin in it. The name of the family who lived there were Kennedys. They were very rich and they had also a dwelling house. There is only a small piece of the ruin to be seen at the present day. In my townland there are three woods. Two of them are situated in the middle of the village. The other wood is a very big one. It is surrounded by a big demence. The owners name is Mr O'Farrell.

"Let me go, Let me go" screamed the Leprahaun. "I wont let you go" said Heageney until you hand me over your gold", "and what is more you have no right to come here disturbing the game." "I am not disturbing the game" retorted the Leprahaun. "And do let me go". Than what are you doing here asked Heageney ? "A am making a pair of shoes for the queen of the fairies as there is to be a great ball on the hill of Knocksoganone tonight" replied the Leprahaun. "Well!" said Heageny "she must have very small feet if you mean those to fit her!" "If I give you the bon of gold said the Leprahaun will you release me?" "I will" said Heageney. "Than come over to this rock" said the Leprahaun "and under that you will get a bon of gold". Heageny held on to the Leprahaun with one hand and from under the rock he pulled out a neat metal bon. He laid it on the ground but failed to open it. One moment said the Leprahaun just tapping on the lid with a tiny hammer, and instantly

7. at a wedding an uneven number of horses, or sides cars or motor only allowed at wedding People are still very determined in not allowing an even number say 6 or 8.8. Graves not opened on any Monday of year. If required on Monday for burial, the grave has to be "redenned" on Sunday. "Reddened" means (locally) digging a few sods.9 Not lucky to give red or burning turf to kindle a fire in another house.10 If a man's stock is dying, not through affanent neglect, but what is known locally "as a stroke of bad luck" a well wisher or good neighbour leaves a goat on the man's land. This act is supposed to bring back good luck. The leaving of the goat must be a secret act. unknown to whole parish.

Place names
1. There are many place names around here. Some of them are Gort na Faithche why it is called this name is because in the olden times the people used it as a tillage field
2. Brook ville is called because the old people say there is a brook in it. There is a nother name by the name of Chnuic a Bhainne.
3. There are many hills around one of them is called O Brian which means Brians. Why it is called that name is the Brians were living there.
Written by:
Annie Mullin
Ballygowan
Abbey
Loughrea
Co. Galway
Got From:
Martin Mullin
Ballygowan
Abbey
Loughrea
Co. Galway

The cuckoo comes in April
She sings her song in May
She plays her tune in the middle of June
And then she flies away. Birdie Mc Mahon The TailorLong ago the tailors always travelled from house to house to make the people's clothes, but now the tailor make the clothes in their own house, and all that who require suits of clothes go to his house also. All the tailors stock cloth nowadays. The types of cloth used now is tweeds and serges. The tailors now have Sewing machines but they had to sew with a needle and thread. They also used a scissors, a measure and timble. It is seldom you would see linen shirts made in the homes, but all the old women make shirts from Flannelette.There are shirts made from flax grown locally to be found yet, and towels and sheets to be found also. The instruments that they made linen with are at my grandfathers house yet.Almost all the socks that are worn now are home knitted andOnly in some parts of this district the cloth is spun, but long ago the cloth was spun and sent to Killimore Co Galway, to be woven. Because the people were poor and they had no other to get it, as the were no machinery to make it. The tailor when sewing sits on the table with his legs crossed. Local people always wore the clothes long ago, but it is few people who wear them now. All the old people wear fruze[?] coats yet.

Long ago where the Cloughballymore monastry now stands - a mile from Ballinderrin - there lived a chieftain whose name was Blake. Now on this locality between sunrise and sunset near an old church named Killine-a-Hugh there used to appear a ghost a long black hand - and if anybody thought to pass this spot they would be killed.
One night Blake had a party at his house. During dinner he was telling his guests the story of the long black hand and he said he would give his daughter - who was a lovely girl - to the man who would go out and slay that hand. For a while there was silence, then a young man volunteered to win the brize. The best horse was saddled and the young man rode out in the night armed with a sword. When he came to his destination - there, sure enough, was the hand barring his way. He pulled out his sword and drew one mighty stroke across the hand. "Try again" said the long black hand "no, no", said the young man "once is a enough" as if he struck the second time the hand would mend again and kill him. The young man knew this so he only struck once.
Then he turned his horse and rode quickly back. The others were surprised to see him back safely. In the morning they went to see the hand and all they could see was a heap of dirt. The hand was never seen from that out

If you build a house on top of a hill you wouldn't be lucky.
If your neighbor killed a pig for you on a Monday the neighbor would have bad luck.
If a neighbor took a coal out of your fire and fired it out the door you wouldn't have good luck.
If you tool a coal from a bonfire on St. John's eve and brought it into the house you'd bring in the fairies.
When sparks come from a fire money is coming to you.
If you came in the front door and went out the back door you would have bad luck.
If you took milk on May Day the person you took it from would have bad luck.
Ot wouldn't be right to give a coal on May Day.
It isn't right to churn without a coal under the churn as the fairies will bring the butter.
It is right to throw a coal from St John's fire on the beet to take the bad luck from it.
It isn't right to set a hen hatching without sprinkling holy water on the eggs.

Once upon a time there was a man living in Elliston and he used to drive the priest on a side-cart to sick calls.
On night as he was out on a call with the priest it was very late when they reached the priest's house.
The priest asked the man would he be afraid and he said he would not.
He gave the man a glass of whiskey to give him courage and a black thorn stick.
He set out for home and he was not gone far when a big red dog jumped out on the road before him. As soon as he saw him he knew it was a fairy dog.
He was so much afraid that his hair stood on his head and the sweat broke out through his face.
He was then just passing cloch an dorais and it was pitch dark. There was not a sinner on the road because it was after one o'clock. The dog then vanished and the fear left the man and also the sweating. Then he made for home as quick

There was an ancient church in Kilbegnet and another one in Crosswell. Father Andrew Egan was the name of one of the priests that said mass in Crosswell, and it was him that also erected the church that now stands in it. Father Reaney was another old priest Crosswell. In later years Father Coffey, Father Parkes, Father Moran, were other priests in Crosswell. Father Moran was a curate for Father Coffey. After them came Father O Kelly, then Father O Reilly replaced Father O Kelly. There was also Father Mullrenin, and Father Shannon, and then Father Mac Dermott, and after him Canon Geraghty was replaced. Some of them were here for long periods and others short periods. It was Rev. Father Kelly that stopped the holiday work on the Pollock[?] days. They were all very generous towards the parishioners.

some of her own clothes, but not the bridal gown. The girls who sew her clothes should enclose a rib of hair in the folds, if they too, wish to be married soon. If a bride be wakened on the morning of her marriage by a song of a bird it is supposed to be lucky. If she finds a spider in the folds of her dress for that means she will always have plenty She must not break anything especially a mirror or lose the heel of her shoe for that is supposed to be un-lucky. She must not forget to feed the family cat. If a black cat rubs against her, then she is likely to be especially lucky. Any jewels are lucky except pearls. If a pig cross the road before a bride it is supposed to be un-lucky.

in he asked for something to eat. During the meal the little boy who was barefooted told the unknown Priest his little story and he said he would give much to be with that Priest again. The Priest also made himself known to him and after some hours they set off. People say they were both killed some days after and that the Mass stone was taken and broken before they died.

In olden times, the old people called it Oidhche Fheile Brigide, and they always held a great feast on that night. There was, first of all, the traditional carrying of the rushes, the rushes, which were to be fashioned into the quaint Brigid's crosses. The youngest girl or boy knelt on the threshold, bearing the green glossy "burthen". He or she then knocked at the door three times, and cried in Irish, Down on your knees and humble yourselves and let Brigid in. Those inside answered "Brigid is welcome" and the rushes were carried in and laid on the kitchen table. Each member of the family made a share of the crosses and put them aside to be blessed on All Saint's Day. Then when they were blessed, they were put on the roof

There was a priest living in Emone long ago called Fr. Mc. Namara, and he asked Thomas Roche (Red) to deliver a letter in Cois-meig-na-Ceirce in Connemara to his cousin another priest. There was no post at that time. He went off at two o'clock at night and delivered the letter the following evening in Connemara, and got an answer from the priest. After his supper he took the road again for Emone. He saw a light in a house near by, and he went in. The woman of the house told him her husband was dead, and to mind the corpse till she'd tell the neighbours.
When she went out the man got up out of the table where he was overboard and told him not to be afraid that he was not dead, but to give him a piece of bread and a stick that was under the rafters, and he would kill his wife when she'd come back. He fixed the stick upside him, in the table, and gave him the bread, and he could not eat any himself he was so much afraid.

for him if he saw the corner he went around.
5. There was a man in Cloonaseragh named John Welsh, and he was able to cut an acre of wheat with a hook in a day.
6. A man named Pat Conetton in Brackloon, carried a bag of flour from Tuam on his back.
7. There was a man in Emone about forty years ago and he was able to lift a ton weight and his name was Tom Kyne.
8. There was a man in the old castle back at Fahy's in Beaghmore, and he was able to cut eighty bearts of oats in the day. His name was Thomas Murphy.
9. There was a man in Saughloon, and when he'd shake his hands with you, you would get a weakness.
10. Martin Mc.Donnell was a great man for thatching. He used to thatch the side of a house in one day. He was living in Cloonbar.

top of lower part had edge like a knife. Table was turned on edge of a [?] of flax was hanging + spread on edge of table. The cloving tongs was worked backwards + forwards on a spade handle. Worker sat on ground. The worker had hold of tongs with right hand + the flax with left and the tongs was freely worked back + forth on spade handle cleaning out the fibre. Then flax was [?] & hacked to comb it finer. It was then brought home in plaits. Then it was drawn in a linen wheel + made into thread - [?] and woven - when [?] made of [?] lonen - 'dowles' [?] - very durable articles made of it. Shorts sheets towels table cloths tacking. Blanched by washing with home made soap - boiled long time over & over. Put out on grass for a week or two turned occasionally

woman of the house who was Gobans wife where was the tool. "It is in that box" she said "I will get it myself" said the king's son.
Goban's wife was as clever as Goban himself. He was bent over the box getting the tool when Goban's wife threw him in and put the lead on it. She waste wrote over to England and said she would release the king's son when her husband would return home from England. When the king heard that he released Goban, and the king's son was let back to England.

1. On the second of February people make candles of rushers. They dip them in grease to make them light. The people light them before they say the Rosary to leave them lighting during the devotions. Each person claims one for himself. The people believe that as the candles die out the person claiming the candle will die in the same order.
Long ago people made crosses on Saint Brigid's Way. They plaited straw around them in honour of the Saint. It was counted lucky to do this.2. On Christmas eve holly is put up over the pictures. The old people say that if you throw out holly before twelfth day the fairies would stop in your house for a long time. If a person [?] a place where there is a [?] being built he usually brings [?] along from the place.

The Forge Field.
Long ago there was a forge in this field and that is how it got its name. It is situated in the townland of Carheen in the parish of Ballymana.Cahils Garden.
Many years ago there lived a family in this field named Cahils. It lies in the townland of Carheen in the parish of Ballymana.Poll na h-éisg.
It got its name from fish that is in it. There is a river running through this field and people fish in it every summer.

Bealoideas
An Old Story (continued)
found himself. ~The priest told him that he knew the devil would get the better of him. The priest told his servant boy to go and take the jennet and car out. The priest gave the man his breakfast and he never drank again afterwards. This story was procured from -
Mr Thomas Kenny (Farmer)
Craughwell

Béaloideas Bird lore
There are not many strange birds known of around this district except the owl. This bird builds its nest in an old ruined castle. Its nest is somewhat like the pigeons, and it's made of twigs and lined with hay and moss. The opening is at the top. It lays about five eggs, the same size as the pigeon's, with brown spots on them. Every dark night, at twelve o'clock, it is to be hear screeching its mournful cry. If anyone of the neighbourhood would be dying it would be screeching mournfully. It has haunted that place for twenty years. It has a head like a cat and a body like a pigeon.
The pigeon also inhabits the district, it builds its nest in laurel and ivy where it will not be noticed. It lays two white eggs, inaize[?] like a young pullet's. It sits on the eggs for three weeks. The young birds are like a gosling at first. The pigeon has a peculiar cry, in the distance it sounds as if it was saying "Take two cows, take two." It is a great thief, it eats young cabbage plants, the young growing corn and other crops. It steals and eats all kinds of fruit and does much damage to the gardener.

Béaloideas
An Old Story (continued)
brother was overlooked at Gort, and she gave him a prescription to take with him for him. She foretold that he would be all right next day and so he was. This story was procured from
Mr Thomas Kenny (Farmer)
Craughwell
Thomas Kenny, aged 60 years, got the above story from his father who resided in Craughwell.

bealoideas Bird lore
There are not many strange birds known of around this district except the owl. This bird builds its nest in an old ruined castle. Its nest is somewhat like the pigeons, and it's made of twigs and lined with hay and moss. The opening is at the top. It lays about five eggs, the same size as the pigeon's, with brown spots on them. Every dark night, at twelve o'clock, it is to be hear screeching its mournful cry. If anyone of the neighbourhood would be dying it would be screeching mournfully. It has haunted that place for twenty years. It has a head like a cat and a body like a pigeon.
The pigeon also inhabits the district, it builds its nest in laurel and ivy where it will not be noticed. It lays two white eggs, inaize[?] like a young pullet's. It sits on the eggs for three weeks. The young birds are like a gosling at first. The pigeon has a peculiar cry, in the distance it sounds as if it was saying "Take two cows, take two." It is a great thief, it eats young cabbage plants, the young growing corn and other crops. It steals and eats all kinds of fruit and does much damage to the gardener.

If the geese are seen flying low it is a sign of rough or stormy weather.
If the cock is heard crowing often during a storm it is a sign of a flood
If the hens are seen picking themselves it is a sign of rain.
If the cat is seen sitting with his back to the fire it is a sign of rain.
If the cat is seen scraping a stick or the leg of a chair it is a sign of rain.
If the dog is seen eating grass it is a sign of rain.
If the dog vomits it is a sign of rain.
If the sheep come down from the mountain it is a sign of rain.
If the cattle are seen sleeping on a hill-top it is a sign of a storm.
If the goat comes home it is the sign of a storm.
If the donkey is seen with his back to the wall it is the sign of rain.

called the quay road. There is a place in the village of Auphleen where the people can cross to Ballinacourty. It is called " leath Árdán". The reason why it is called that name is because one half of it is high and the other half of it is low. The people can only cross it when the tide is out. There is also a road in Prospect and it is called "Bóithrín chumhaing" because it is very narrow.

One of the men had a little bag and he emptied the contents on a cloth. It was a bag of sovereigns. Then one of the men said "It is raining and we shall have to go soon". The second said "there are ghosts in the tree, I can see the banshee up there". Then Orla got Frightened and she gave a jump. The door heeled over and Tom and Orla went hurtling down through the branches to the ground. The three men who were just after robbing a house ran away and left the money after them. Tom and Orla went to the bag and took the money and they trudged back to their hut by a different road. They had plenty of money which the three man had stolen. "So they cut down the kettle and made the tay, and if they didn't live happy, we may."

About fifty years ago when there were not many doctors in Ireland the people had no cures for diseases but cures they would get from certain persons. For the whooping cough they would go to a man that would have a white horse and ask for a cure for this bad cough and whatever cure the man with the white horse would give them it would cure the whooping cough. Another cure they (hd) had was to get a plumpullán and to put him down in a small purse and to put him with your neck and as he would be dying the whooping cough would be dying away with him. Another cure they had was if there a married pair in a house named John and Julia and whatever they would leave after their dinner to eat it. It would cure them the whooping cough.
A cure they had for a sore-head was to dring a quart of very hot water. Another cure they had was a pint of very strong tea.
A cure they had for a sore stomach was to put pepper up your nose. Another cure they had for a sore stomach was to fast sixteen hours. If yous their foot would be sprained they would go too a river before the sun would rise and put their foot

What is it that talks but never walks.
A Gramophone.
What is it that strikes twelve blows in the same spot.
A clock when striking twelve.
What is it that has its hands always to its face.
A Clock.
What does an artist like to draw .
His salary.
Three men went in a car two black men and a white man. If the two black men ate the white man, what is the number of the car.
281.

Bealoideas
Another Old Story
There was once a man in the parish of Ardrahan who was a great all-round athlete. He was engaged in a contest at Gort with a Soldier who was stationed there, who was also a great athlete. He defeated the soldier in an all-round contest and next day he was unable to get up. The doctor was sent for and did him no good. His people was advised to send a messenger to consult Biddy Early. His brother rode on a grey horse into Clare to consult Biddy Early, who was able to give him a full description of the house he lived in although she never saw it. She was even able to tell him that there was a broken pane of glass on his bedroom window. She then told him that his

In the townland of Riverville not far from the school and on the side of the road between Loughrea and Athenry are the ruins of a flour-mill. This mill belonged to Lord Dunsandle. About seventy years ago Lord Dunsandle was at a party in Dublin. He was asked to sing the "Dusty Miller". He thought the people were having a joke about his mill. When he returned he ordered P. Ryder a mason from Lissalondoon to knock down the mill. Ryder tried to knock it but he was unable.
The following song was (told about) written about the mill.My name is Patrick Ryder, my age is sixty four.
Lissalondoon is my Native place, not far from Gamahoe.
I'm one of the best of masons, the country well does know.
And (N) nothing ever failed me, but the mills of Gamahoe.When Ryder went to knock the mill, his fortune for to try
He thought he'd knock it readily, and drive it in the sky
But alas he was mistaken, to his great grief and woe
He wished he never laid a hand, on that mill in GamahoeT'was early Monday morning, those masons they began
When Ryder broke the tamping bar, he thought of a good plan
We might as well go home says Dempsey, the holes they are too close
O no you fool says Ryder, I'll tamp it with my nose

I [?] was by far the greatest Landlord in Co. Galway. His domain consisted of the estates of Portumna, Meelick, Woodford, Killamore Croughwell and Derrybrien and Loughrea. all lying in the South-East of the County and bordering in Co. Clare the area of these vast district was stated to be 52,601 acres with a poor law valuation of £20,793 without the towns and villages.
In united Ireland of Dec 15th 1888 appeared an article which says-
"Lord Clanmcardl has never so much as looked at the vast estate since it became his own about seventeen years ago. He has wrung an income of over £30,000 a year out of the tenantry." There are two pretty considerable towns- Portumna and Loughrea in his estate. Every stone in the houses of these towns and every inch of the soil under them is owned by the most noble and they are perishing of dry rot under the curse of his ownership. Buidling or improvement is allowed only

Folklore
10th January 1939
There was once an old woman who lived near a graveyard. She had one son and he became a priest. One Cristmas he came home, and she had great welcome for him. She made a great party and she invited her neighbors to the party.
During the party the priest said that anyone who would go to the graveyard and get a skull for him he would say Mass for them next morning. No one would go. The old woman was a cripple and she said that if anyone would carry her, she would go (t) go to the graveyard, and get a skull for him. The boy she had working for her said he would carry her. He did. At the time people used to be stealing sheep, and taking rings out of the rich people's fingers that were dead. There was a man in the graveyard this night stealing rings. While he was doing this, another man was gone stealing sheep. When the gate of the graveyard was opened, the man that was stealing the rings, thought that the other man was coming with the sheep, and he said, "Are they fat." "Fat or lean" said the servant boy. "Here she is for you" and he threw the old woman that was steal

98
PaidreachaThe people long ago used to have a lot of prayers. The people did not learn these prayers out of a book. Long ago when the people used to see a star falling they used to say mainm do dhia agus do Mhuire three times. When they used to see the new moon at first they used to bless themselves. When they used to be reaching the fire they used to say Coiglimid an teine seo mar coigleas Criosta cach. Muire ar bharr and tighe and Brighid i na lar and da aingeal deag ata i gcathair an ngras. Ag cumhdach and tighe seo agus na daoine slan. When the people used to be in danger they used to say Dia idir sinn agus an anachain. When a person used to escape a danger they used to say go dtárruighidh Dia sinn. When they would see a person working they would say God bless the

by the teacher. The children brought quills every morning to the teacher whose first was to make writing pens from the quills. There was no blackboard in the school in Mark Roche's time, and no seats except [a?] rough forum or two placed along the wall the pupils were arranged according to [size?]
The teachers were [?] bu the pupils so much per quarter 1/- or 1/6 or al most 2/- per head.
Martin Courtney who succeeded Mark Roche was paid by the State something called "results money" so much per head for every pupil who attended a certain number of days and who passed an examination.
Mark Roche also taught in Kilgeurein in his own dwelling house which was situated beside the spring well in Murrays field.
There was also another school in Kilgeurrein a certain Patsy Jennings. Pádhraig Ceoithnín taught school there.
There was an early national school in Mr Hammons field not far from the present Garda Barrack. This school was built by the local landlord a certain Mr Ganon who it was said was a weaver's son, who inherited a large legacy and bought Éamon a Bláca's place

Teetotum: This is made from a spool and pared on four sides. It has a letter on each side and it can be (pal) played by money or sweets. P is to put down one, I is to take up one. N is not take up any one. A is to take all up.
Kite: Get two sticks and cross them and then get a piece of strong paper and fold it on the sticks. Then get a few pieces of paper and tie them in the middle and then tie them to the end of the kite and then when you have it made get a spool of thread and fasten it to the kite. Then you can let it flie through the air and it will remain flying as long as the thread lasts.
Fishingline: Get a long stick and a piece of cord and tie the cord to the stick. Then get a bent pin and fasten it to the cord. Then when you are going fishing get a worm and tie him to the pin. Then when the fish

Plasters made from certain herbs and the diseases they cure.All the old men in the town of Headford, Co. Galway were able to make a cure for fairy illness. They made it from an herb called Buachaill an tighe. It grows on the side of an old house. These old men used to pull it and boil it in an oven. They then used to mix it with a pint of new milk. The person who was ill had to take it in that way. This plaster-cure is sometimes used for the pox.

66. Emty vessels make the most noise.
67. One good turn deserves another.
68. Look before you leap.
69. Do your duty and leave the rest to god.
70. The early bird catches the worm.
71. God helps those who helps themselves.
72. Unwillingly goes to law and willingly adjust your difference.
73. It isn't the hen that cackles that lays the largest egg.
74. A cross child never smiles
75. Never out off till to-morrow what you can do to-day.
76. One swallow never made a summer.
77. One thing at a time and that done right leads to excellence
78. A cricket is the sign of good luck
79. Every failure teaches a man something.
80. While grass grows and water runs.
81. bablage without meat is a thing you couldn't eat.
82. Honesty is the best policy.
83. Birds of feathers flock together
84. Let your anger out with the sun but not rise with it.
85. Beauty wont boil the pot.
86. Immodest words admit of no defence.

answered. "A Bottle". At this his wife became exceedingly angry, but the man told her to wait for a minute. She did so. The man took the bottle out of his pocket and left it on the table and told it to do its duty, and immediately there was a set of delph, made of gold, placed on the table. Some time after this the king heard of the bottle the man had. He came to the man and asked him to sell him the bottle. he did so and the bargain was closed at that. One night there was a party at the king's palace and this man was present. While he was there he spied the bottle he had, in a glass-case. Thje man went towards the glass-case and took out the bottle and told it to do it duty and immediately two men appeared and tehy having a stick each and started to beat all the people who were present. At this, the king became very angry and ordered the man and his bottle home lest all the people should be killed.

we hold our hands up high. One girl stands in the centre of the ring and counts up to twenty-five. The girl twenty-five falls on runs after the other girl and they run in and out under our hands.
In Autumn we go through the wood gathering blackberries for the teacher. We pick them into cans. In Autumn we also go to the wood and gather hazel nuts. We take them home with us and eat them.
When the chestnuts are falling we delay on our way home from school and we gather them. We make necklaces of them.
In Winter when we cannot go out, we play Bland-Man's-Bluff and Forfeits. We also play and dance.

In the famine times many a man killed a sheep and waited beside it until the heard came, for the sake of being put into prison for something to eat and they used to go out and dig up the soil for a certain weed, and they used to call it the curallán, and it tastes something like a parsnip. Hundreds of people were buried in straw mats, instead of coffins and were buried in Lisheens.

1. Long ago when the people had nothing to eat with the potatoes they used to put the tongs into the fire until it was red and then they took it up and got a piece of lard and squeezed butter with a red tongs, on Friday.
2. Another dip they had too, was they used to peal the skin of swedes, and boil the turnips down in water and salt and when they were well boiled they used to wet a cup of oat-meal and put it down in the pot, and mix it well and then they used to drink it out of cups with the potatoes and this was called Drothán.
3. When there was a large family in a house they used to beat up three or four eggs raw in a jug and pour boiling water on them and put salt in it, but to make sure to stir it well while pouring the water, as it would make lumps if you did not.
4. This is another dip they had also in our grandfathers time, this is how they made it. First they used to go out and pluck some nettles, and put them down in a burner and boil them with oatmeal and salt, and they used to take three doses of this in the

1. Brown we are and much admired, men seek of us until they are tired. We like the horse and comfort man, tell me this riddle if you can.
Answer: A horse saddle.
2. Head like a thimble, tail like a rat, you may guess for ever but you would not guess that.
Answer: A pipe.
3. Patch upon patch without any stitches riddle me that and I will buy you a pair of breeches.
Answer: A head of cabbage.
4. What is it that walks on its head all day and sleeps on its head all night.
Answer: A nail in your boot.
5. Little Nancy Etticoat in a white petticoat the longer she stands the shorter she grows.
Answer: A candle.
6. Jenny in the ditch, Jenny out of the ditch, if you touch Jenny she will like you.
Answer: a nettle.
7. Under the fire and over the fire yet never touches the fire.
Answer: A cake.
8. As round as an apple, as deep as a cup, all the king's horses would not pull it up.
Answer: A well.

What is she to you?
a. your mother
q. (If your under) If it took one and a half yards to make a pants and one and a quarter yds to make a vest what would it take to make the coat?
a. a tailor
q. If twenty soldiers marched past two officers what time does it represent?
a. Twenty past two.
Q. How could March fall in May and on the twenty-fifth July?
a. General March fell in the river May on the 25th July.
Q. Why don’t we ever have a full day?
a. Because each day begins by breaking
Q. Why didn’t “Moses” smoke in the ark?
a. Because he was never in the ark.
Q. Constantinople is a very big word if you cannot spell it you are a very big dunce?
a. it-t.
Q. A man looking at a photograph said “Brothers and sisters I have none but this man’s father is my father’s son?” How was that
a. He meant himself.

Hedge-schools in this district were situated in the following places. Lisaleen, Cluain Caolba, Liskeavy, Kilgevrin.
The following teachers taught in Lisaleen
Mark Roche, Martin Courtney,
In this School the following subjects were taught
English, arithmetic geography.
English spelling was taught by means of a spelling book of which there were two parts: Part one for the lower classes which consisted of a list of difficult words only. Part two for the more advanced pupils which consisted of difficult words together with their meaning.
Arithmetic and geography were taught through English. In the lower standards the teacher taught arithmetic by giving lessons on the floor of the room then question on slates worked out by the pupils and handed up to the teacher who corrected the work and then (?) another problem. Later on arithmetic called the "wasthar" was given to the pupil and then arithmetic all day long was the rule.
Very little writing was done in the school in Mark Roche's time. The writing was done at home which consisted of a headline given

Some fifty years ago there was an old thatched school in Ballinlass. Mr Corliss was the teacher there. There was an average of 50 pupils coming to it. It was under the National Board but still it was of the old types.
In Lisheeneheilcia there was a school of the same kind. The teacher was Mr Comer. It was also used as a polling booth and the people still vote there instead of at the school.

a fiddler also but the fiddler in Cork had no brother a fiddler in Limerick.
A. The fiddler in Limerick was a sister of the fiddler in Fork.
Q. I went to pictures to-morrow night: I took the found seal at the back and I feel from the top of the pit of the gallery and broke the front-bone in my back.
A. A lie
Q. Black and white went up the ladder white stayed above and black came down.
A. A hen laying an egg
Q. What is the strongest day in the week
A. Sunday because all the rest are "week"days
Q. When is a trunk like two letters in the alphabet
A When it is "m" "t"
Q. If I (i) was in the sun and you (u) out of the sun what would sun become
A. sin
Q. As I walked out and as I walked in. I saw the dead outside and the life within. Six there were and the seventh he went
A. A returns nest with in a dead horses skull rise there were means six young [?] and seventh is the mother
Q. Twenty six(sick) sheep went out a gap 2 died how many returned
A. eighteen May Burke

Q. a duck before two ducks a duck behind two ducks a duck in the middle between two ducks. How many ducks
A. Three
Q. How many tails would reach the moon
A. One if it was long enough.
Q. As I went out a guttery gap I met 25 devilians scraping
A. A harrow
Q. A round as an apple as deep as a cup and all the kings horses would never pull it up
A. A well
Q. A fiddler in Limerick had a brother in Cork

The following are some of the schools which existed up 'till almost seventy years ago. In those days many a hard-working man sat by a hedge in a secret place to receive some lessons on reading writing, and particularly on spelling.
The usual kind of school was an old barn where the people came every day but had to pay a penny a week. These teachers had to do their own cooking so they used keep a few hens in the house with them. The pupils used have to bring oats to feed the hens. They used also keep pigs and the pupils used have to gather ferns and nettles for them. They were:-
One in Ballinamuc near the town of Loughrea. The teachers name was Kelly. In Glentallan. The teachers name was Uohoney. In Tullshill. The teachers name was Kilkelly. In Sycamore

He pulled with all his might
XXII
But curb and rein could not avail
But lo what makes him stand?
The elf has seized him by the tail.
This hellish "Long Black Hand"
XXII
Our gallant Knight well knew the cause
And with one backward stroke
He cut the "Long Black Hand" acrossWhen thus the deamin spoke -
XXIV
Another cut my valiant knight
If I survive you'll rue!"
Oh no my friend" the knight replied
"I think that one will do"
XXV
He pirted off without delay,
And soon arrived at home
And stabling there his dappled grey
Whose side were white with foam
XXVI
In haste he goined the festive train
In Lynch's genial Hall
Where rival woe'rs were base enough
To pray for his downfall

high land and the rath is situated at the Western end of this. There are two souterrain entrances. This fort is said to be connected by tunnels with Oran Rath.Lisheen na Shinawn:- (The Fort of the Fairy Wind).It is said that there was a battle fought in Ballynagah which is to the South of this rath. A soldier is said to be buried in this rath. The older people say that fairies live here.Other Raths:-
Lisglas, Lissnuhlin, Rinn Rath. Rathgortnamona, Risroe (the finesh Fort in the parish). Entrance now blocked with stones). Renville Rath, Rathshanbally, Rath Cornane Rathairth.Rathgortnaboy: Overlooking Oranmore Bay. To the west of the rath there are potato ridges left there untouched since the famine times. The ruined crop was left standing in the ridges People from the Calddagh in Galway used to take land here for potato gardens. They travelled over each morning in their boats to do the work of planting and returned at sunset.

Herbs The most harmful weed to the crop is the crowfoot. It both spreads and takes the food. The Scotch thistle is the sign of good land and the weed with the wide leaf and the blue head is the sign of bad land. The company root that grows in the field is a cure for boils. The juice thats found in ribgrass is a cure for a wound.
Company root is a herb which grows with a wide a wide brown leaf and it has a long root. It ks a cure for boils. The ribgrass is a long rib of soft green grass about eight inches

the Weavers for a piece of the flannel theras and put it around the sprained toe. It is bliaved that it would cure it.
Toothache. The cure for a toothache is to put a worm in a bottle when the worm dies the toothache will go.
Whooping cough. If you meet a woman who has married a man with the same name as herself, borrow a piece of bread from her and give it to the person who has the whooping cough it is a sure cure for it.
A wasps sting. A cure for a sting of a wasp is a raw onion and blue.
Ring worm. A cure for ring worm is to write your name around it.
To boil nettles and drink the juice is a cure for carrabuncles.
A nettle sorch. A dockleaf is a uased to ease the pain of a nettle sorch.

There were two shops here long ago. There was on in Emone & another in Carragh. The people never worked on Sunday except in time of bad weather. They used to give a days work instead of money long ago because there was not as much money as there is now. They need to [?] things work of the people went to the town & buy their food because they got them cheaper. A man named Conigan from Killamonagh sold laddles and seives at the chapel gate after mass. These he made himself. Socks, báiníni, flannel drawers, coats woollen thread. [?]. Peddlers, huckelers and 'cockneys' went around. The 'cockneys' sold bread [?].
These they bought & relayed & made a penny or three [?] on each thing. The peddlers sold

5. For what is called Bannú Phiast The seventh son of a family in which there is no daughter before him in whose land a worm would be pleased before anything else. Of that worm would die therein that land had a complete cure for the malady my touching the sore.
6. Worms. For children subject to worms there is a plaster composed of herbs and applied over the stomack which has cured children where dostars have been known to fail.
7. Chincough. (a) Take more than a supply os sweet milk to a ferret and give what would be left over to a child for the successive days. (b) Stand on the road until a man with a white horse comes along. Ask him for a cure for chin cough Whatever he prescribes that is the cure
8. If one left a lizzard on ones tongue a red hot iron would have no effect on that tongue and the tongue would have a cure for a burn.

In the village of Looha a family came to live named the MacCartys. A hare came with them people hunted the hare in chases but could not catch them. One Sunday nine men came from Dunmore, Tuam Co. Galway. They searched the farm up and down and could not find it. They had given up all hopes and were standing up again a bush and had given up all hopes.

Lickerrig GraveyardThis graveyard is in the townland of Leacan It is half a mile in from Loughrea-Athinny now Is rectangular in shape.Contains ruins of an old church, rectangular 39' by 20' - The altar was in the east [?] Six small cut stones still mark the position of the altar. There are no graves on the North-west side of the church - People say that this place was reserved for suicides. Outside the church and near the door is a horizontal tombstone with the following incised"Pray for the soul of Father Dominick Burke, Parish "of Lickerrig and Kilconieran, Canon of the Chapter of Clonfirt who got me made for him and his successor priests in the year 1731 and died the same year on the 11th of July.Requiscat in Pace - Amen "Within the church is another horizontal tombstone on which is written "Pray for the soul of Michael Callanan, died in the year 17[?] The door of the church was on the southern side-wall. Opposite the door on the other side-wall is a stone with the following inscription - "Died '78 - Jas Kergh"

Seamus did not know of or for that matter what was the idle (?) scandle he did not know, and often, human nature was then what it is now full of curiosity and Seamus was in request for the variety of the information. Seamus knew all the decent people in the district, that is he knew all those who were kind to him. Eighty years on the go made him acquainted with all the liberal people around him. He knew the misers too. Like a true trader, he called often to those who were kind to him and seldom disturbed the misers.Mrs Tarpy was the soul of generosity. Seamus knew that too. He called there often; he called too often. She never let him go without a warm cup of milk and a piece of "boasty" well buttered. In winter time she often housed him and gave him a nice shake down close to the fire but he over did it. He called too often. So said her husband John. He did not grudge a decent charity to any poor man. Indeed he did not, But he thought Seamus traded on his wife's soft heart and perhaps her love of yarns too. He told her so but Mrs Tarpy could not help giving the charity when he came.

their clothes in it.
There is another field called Gort Maire Rideog. She was a witch which done many curious things. Her house was built between two hills. She would not eat natural food. Every day she would dig and weigh all the stones and then she would eat them. There is a hill where her house was. There is another hole called Lady Gore. She was a fairy queen and she was had a horse a mile long and a half wide and a half mile high. She lived in a cave and one day it was filled with water and she dived into it and was never heard of more.
In the village of Cloomahara Williamstown there is a field called Lochán an Aifrinn.It is supposed that Mass was said there during Penal laws. In the parish of Williamstown it is supposed to be a vall

17. I had but one sister she was Peepity Peep. She would go over the mountain that was ever so high, she would go under the sea that was ever so deep; my poor little sister had but one eye.
Answer: A star.
18. Queen Victoria built a ship an' in that ship her daughter sat and I'll be blamed to tell her name an' that three times I told her name. What is her name?
Answer: Anne.
19. As round as an apple as deep as a pail. It never cries out until you tug its tail.
Answer: A bell.
20. It's long, it's narrow, it's not very wide, it wears a green ribbon on every side.
Answer: A road.
21. What is it a dead man eats and if a live man ate it he would to die
Answer: Nothing.
22. I have a wee horse tied to the wall, he wants as much fodder as from here to Donegal.
Answer: A fire.
23. What are more plenty in a sand-riddle than holes?
Answer: Corners.
24. What is it we all have, but few of us hold?
Answer: Our tongue.
25. A round thing, a soft thing, yet a hard thing, a useful thing, yet nothing?
Answer: An egg.

There us a lot of fields around the place which one called raths and lisses. There is a field in bloom-line, Kilconly, Tuam and it is called a liss. It is a very big field and its shape is square. There is also a very high wall around it and the man who owns it is called James Moran.
There is also a hole in the center of the field and it is very useful for cattle to drink water out of in Winter. There is a story told about this field. Long ago there was an old man named John Butler living in this field and every night he used to go visiting to another name and he would not leave the visiting house until it was twelve oclock.
One night he was coming home from his visit and he was within a few yards of liss where he had a little house and he heard noise and he hurried to see what was wrong. He went in-to his house and he found two women sitting on a chair playing music. He asked them why did they go in-to his house without leave and they said it would be his house no more.
He got frightened at what they said and he asked them did they know him

Peg went to America and left her brother Jack at home. She served her employer faithfully, so at last her mistress died. Then Peg married the master, and she sent for her brother. When he landed in New York he found he couldn't remember his sister's address. Determined to find her he buckled his coat and started to knock at every door. When the waiters came up Jack hardly gave them time to ask what he wanted until he shouted at the top of his voice "Is this the house the missus died and our Peg married the master?"

you couldn't fight with that crooked rifle. A but I beg your pardon father had that for shooting round corners.A supposed smart-man fooled by a Lunatic.
There was once a sports held in the Ballinasloe Mental Hospital ground. As the spectators were passing the Main Entrance a Lunatic sat inside the gate with a rod and fishing line fishing in a bucket of water. The supposed smart man asked him had he many caught. The Lunatic smugly answered him, saying "you're the first."

not baptised and she met a saint and she asked the saint to baptise the child. There were rushes growing in a field and he pulled up a rush and a well sprang up from where the rush was pulled.
"Tobair Colmcille": It springs through a rock or flag. The sign of Colmcille's two knees are on the rock, and the two of them are filled with water. There was an old church in it belonging to the monks. If the water was drank it would cure a toothache or headache. There is an ash tree over the well. St. Colmcille was the patron saint of "Lorgan" and "Boherduff."

1) A ball of blue mixed through milk or water will cure fits in dogs.
2) Chimney soot mixed with water or milk would also cure it.
3) Dip the dog's head in water.
4) Spill paraffin oil into the dog's ear.
5) Open the dog's mouth and put bluestone into it.
6) Garlic will cure it
7) When a dog has a fit throw him into water and the fright will cure him.
8) Give the dog a dose of linseed-oil.Fluke1) The seed of the garlic.
2) The male fern.Red-Murrin
1) To boil first crop rye grass and give the juice of it to the cattle.
2) Get "roe-ver-gree" it grow on the top of large rocks on the mountains, mix it

1. How many cows' tails would reach the moon.
One if it was long enough.2. London, Derry, Cork and Kerry; spell me that without a K.
That.3. What is too short; cut a bit of it and it will be long enough.
A grave.4. How many jugs would teem the sea.
One if it was big enough.5. What is full and holds more.
A pot of potatoes when you pour water in.6. Why does the cow look across the ditch.
She couldn't look under it.7. As black as ink and as white as milk and it hops on the road like hail-stones.
A mag-pie.8. Around the house all the live long day and sleeps in the corner at night.
The brush.9. Kitty inside the ditch; Kitty outside the ditch

382TellerMrs Kelly
Beaugh
Dunmore
Tuam
lo, galway
IrelandWritherKathleen Kelly
Beaugh
Dunmore
Tuam
lo galway
IrelandFolklore 20. 7:38The frog would cure teetach to catch and put him in your mouthTeller
Mrs Mary Kelly
Beaugh
Dunmore
Juam
lo galway
IrelandKate Kelly
Beaugh
Dunmore
lo galway
Ireland

In Liskeary the school was situated beside the present. Mr Kennedys house whose brother now teaches at Tubberoe, Kilconly.
a certain Paddy Long who was no stranger taught school here.
In Kilgeurrein Patsy Jennings' school was situated where John Byrne now lives.
In Cloonkeely a certain Richard Lardner taught school and later on David Mahon. When the school in Cloonkeely no longer existed a certain Michael Moran set up a school offside the present Crossroads School and taught there a while.

Hidden Treasures are quite familier in this part of the country. There is supposed to be some sort of a treasure in Cnoc Niort. One day Mike Scarry and John Conerrey made an attempt to unearth the treasure. When they had dug a hole about 5 feet they came on something like an axe. When the two men saw this thing, they took to their heels; and never stopped till they went outside the walls.
The two men stood mystified and Scarry said they had no right to run, so they went back again and took up the axe, but they got nothing else.

There was a hurling match played in the Demesne, about fifty years ago between the Tipperary De'wets and the pick of East Galway. There were seventeen men on each side. Tipperary won by a point. The score was three goals, and seventeen points. There were four goal-posts altogether, a goal post and a point-post on each side. They had to play an hour and a half in those times. They had the same make of ball and hurleys as are used nowadays.
Cricket was in vogue when the Military were in Portumna. There were great matches played between them and the Civilians in Portumna. There was one famous bowler, named Jim Kenny on

a man from this place who used to get up about four o clock in the morning and go out eating samsógs (sour-leaves) with hunger.
The yoe-men who were a party belonging to England used come through the villages on horse back dressed as soldiers with big tall hats they used to fire shots over the houses. They sometimes shot down people.
The children used to have cakes made of Bliorgánt in school others wouldn't have even that.

Long ago there was a lot of landlords collecting the rents from the people. There were a few landlords around my place long ago. A man named Mr. Lynch was the landlord in my village and there was another landlord about a mile from whose name is Mr. Lynch. He lives yet in Tobberoe and he was the landlorn in Cloon - Sheen and Tobberoe. There was a landlord named Keane living in Shan - Cloon long ago and he ruled over Shan-Cloon and Caherlistrane.
These landlords had a lot of people under them called Cailifs and it was their duty to take some stock from the people or else to evict them out of their houses if they did not pay the rents. Sometimes when the landlords would not come to the houses for the rents they used to send the Cailif instead. Often the people would only have a cow and a few calves and it would be taken from them if they did not pay the rents, rent. The landlords used to raise the tenants' rents a little and some of them were very cruel to them (asl) also.
The (ten) tenants had a very hard time long ago trying to pay the rents. They

After awhile Ginkle came along to crawgh [?] cross and he could see an outpost of the Irish army so he got some picked soldiers to go out and beat the Irish. When the English charged, the Irish soldiers retreated back and the English thought they were going to have an easy victory but instead of that, the Irish disappeared and the English were mowed down in hundred and they did not know where the shots came from and the rest had to run back for their lives and the Irish were the winners of the first attach. After that the English general decided to surrender to the Irish but a scotchman told him to fight it out and be all killed rather than show their faces after being beaten.The Irish had another plan. San Ruth settled a line of men behind a number of ditches and gave orders that the first row were not to fire until the first row of the English were upon them and the last row of Irish would fire on the first row of English so that they were all in short range of the English and the Irish mowed them down like flies. While the battle was going on it is said that San Ruth was murmuring to himself like as if he was saying isn't it terrible

Long ago there lived a king who has a beautiful palace. Once day a girl arrived and asked him if he wanted a cook. "You are the very person I want," replied the king. "Come in and I will pay you at the end of the month.
One day he went out hunting with a servant-boy and he told the cook to have two ducks cooked for them in the evening when they would return. It was five oclock in the evening when the ducks were cooked.
Then the cook went out to a hill that was near the house to see of they were coming but she saw no sight of them. When she came in the two ducks were on the table and she said to herself "I feel very hungry. I would like very much to have one for myself.
Before half an hour had passed away she had one of the ducks

and sometimes they make their own knickers. The (wo) women also wear woollen jerseys in winter time. The old women long ago of this place used to wear red flannel petticoats. There are only a few women here now who wear them. The old women now wear skirts and blouses. They do not make the skirts or blouses themselves. Long ago the women of this place used not wear any coats or hats. They wore shawls instead. They generally work black shawls. Some women in this district wore cabes long ago but no one wears them now. The old men in this place wear frieze overcoats but the young men wear tweed overcoats They also wear tweed suits, very few men in this place

My grandfather, Michael Hughes, who lives in Kilcreevanty about four miles north of Tuam, told me about the following old trades the people had long ago. He is 87 years of age.One old trade they had was making baskets for drawing turf. They were made of sally rods and there was an opening underneath the basket called a sloidín. The baskets were carried by a donkey. The donkey had a straddle made of straw on his back and the baskets were hung and the baskets were hung one on each side on the straddle. The baskets were made of several parts such as, the sloidin[?], clíarog, airis, coirb, and the doirníní. My grandfather who is 87 years of age is able to make baskets yet.

left her home, where her husband Ian was sitting by the fireside anxiously awaiting her arrival.
She told him of her weird experience, and he wouldnt believe her until he met the McDermott family a week afterwards. She took to her bed and was ill for about three months. She recovered slowly and was just able to go about when her husband suddenly took ill and died after a very brief illness.
She lives on sill. a lonesome dreary life - she gets the old age pension - and could live comfortably as she has money saved, but she has gotten a good deal knocked in the head.
She says it was all the work of "na daoine navie", but that she still has hope of her dear partner yet returning to the old cottage

There was a school in Cashel many years gone by. My father went to it. There was a great number of scholars in it. It was a thatched (and) school and it's ruins are there still. It was a very large school/ The place in which it stood is now called the "Big bush of Cashel".

Name of local Estate: "Digby"
Landlord: Formerly Mrs Millar of Dunblaney, now Irish Land Commission."Bailiff: Patrick Lestir
Buinaltagh

If a person had chilblains and if he stole a bottle of water out of the tub in which the blacksmith cooles the irons, and to wash his feet with it, it would cure him of the chilblains.
A cure for the chin cough is to boil a weed called "mach na gcaorach" and to drink it before going to bed.
If a person had the whooping cough and if he met a man with a white horse and what ever cure that man would give him it would cure him.
To follow the plough at ploughing time, the smell of the fresh earth is a cure for consumption. To take a piece of blue wollen cloth, the deeper the blue the better, then burn it to powder, sniff the powder up the nose, and it will stop the bleeding.
The forum-leaf is a cure for

morning he went away to his work again. When Mairin got him gone she brought all the meal to sift with it, but a whirlwind came and scattered the meal all over the field. When Paidin came home he said "was it snowing here to-day." "No," said Mairin, "but I brought out the "grainin" of meal sift it but a whirl-blast came and scattered it all over the field." "Oh gratious said Paidin is there any use in talking. I haven't a grain of meal left now.
When he came home from his work next day the old cow was dead. What about said Paidin. Listen Mairin, cut that ould cow up in pieces and she'ell dress the cabbage for the year to put a bit with with each head of cabbage in the (?).
Next night when they were in bed dogs were killing one another outside the door. "What's up said said Paidin "Ara said Mairin I cut the ould and put a bit with each head of cabbage. "Oh will we do at all now didn't I tell you to boil a bit of her with cabbage for the dinner during year. I dont care now what happens I will not stay another minute under the roof of this house.
So up he jumps and Mairin after him. "Draw door after you" said Paidin. Mairin started pulling the door until it came off it's hinges. Off Paidin went over ditches and hedges and Mairin after

[?]. The fort is supposed to contain tons of gold. According to old accounts there were four large round stones three of them equi-distant each forming open of equilateral triangle. the fourth stone was with in the center of the triangle. large black cat is supposed to guard this hidden treasure. In order to get at the treasure you should roast three ducks, place one each of the three outside stones. Whilst the cat is feasting on the three roast ducks digging operations should be proceeded with. It is not known however if anyone returned to try his luck. 1. Seán Canning 2. Portumna
A true story.
Riddy Early
About 80 years ago Mrs wife of an an R. J.C. sergeant lived near [?] chapel. She has on on-only daughter who got delicate.

He now went about opening the bon but was unable to do so. One of the brothers got a lever and after some hard work they did succeed in opening it. But to Johns horror and disappointment what did the bon contain! Nothing but shells and gravel. The brother laughed him to [?]. The Leprehaun had fooled him. Then he realized that he had left his dog and gun on the island. [?] he started for the boat and rowed on to the island. to his dismay and sorrow he found his faithful dog dead and further off the island he got his gun broken. John returned home with a sad heart.
On that very night a terrible storm swept the Shannon. The following morning Heageneys hay and wheat was ruined. The hay was turned through Kylnenamelly wood, the wheat was shed and lashed to the ground. John's boat was also missing and now days later it was found in pieces on

Tá león mór, gcórra [?]. Wilful waste makes Woeful want. Waste not Want not.

There was once a cat he belonged to Beartlí Cromán. The people used to come to cuairt at night to him. At ten o' clock in the the cat the cat would tell the people to go home. Everything that Beartlí would eat the cat would want the best of it. Beartlí was living in poil na bFeochadán one side of Lisheen bog. When Beartlí Cromán died the cat went up on the coffin to the grave and was not seen since.

the butter. My mother and sisters do the churning. We have a large wooden dish for making up the butter in. First the dish and patters are washed with boiling water and soap to prevent the butter from sticking to them. The butter is taken out of the churn and put into the dish. It is washed with cold water several times to wash the butter-milk out of it. Then is is pressed between the patters to remove the buttermilk and water. When its free from both buttermilk and water it is salted and put into a large bowl.
The buttermilk is used for making bread. We also give some of it to the pigs through their food. Long ago when the people churned on May Day they would put a "caoráin gad" round the churn to prevent the good people from bringing the butter. They would also put a pinch of salt and they would put a coal under it to prevent their neighbours from bringing the butter. They would not give new milk to their neighbours on May Day for fear that the neighbours would bring the butter.

He crawled on, his heart beating. The sun was only now peeping above the horizon and the hills of [?] were in a glow. [?] a few yards and he could get a view. Wow he was almost in the immediate [?] of his quarry. Very carefully he plased his gun on the ground. His well trained dog close on his heels seemed to shudder with excitement. He raised himself up gently and peeped over the ledge of the rock. It was a thrilling moment for John. he became entranced at the sight that caught his eyes. There sat no other, beneath the rock, then the Gresai Lepreachaun. He was fully alive to his business and was working hand with last and hammer making a beautiful tiny shoe. John studied the movements of the Leprachaun. for a few moments. Then with heart throbbing his hand moved slowly and silently across the rock. Then with one mighty effort he seized the Leprachaun.

gun at the slope he waded his way towards the boat at the Rabbit Island. He entered the boat with stealth and rowed in silence and caution to an island about 200 yards away. This island was a noted [?] for ducks and had [?] [?] on John's sports' map. On his arrival he crept from his boat onto the shore, and there to the middle of the island. On his way he heard a tap tap tap and he paused to listen. Still this peculiar noise seemed the only sound that broke the stillness of the morning calm. The [?] about him seemed a beautiful stretch of glass. I wonder what is that tapping noise thought John to himself. The sound came from about 50 yards away. A large rock was in front and it seemed to come from there.
Something was on the off side off the rock he thought.

In the year 1599 Edmond Burke fought a bloody battle in Ballyshrule against Clonricard. Edmond Burke was looking for land and tried to take Clonricard's land but was defeated.
The land-league first started in Mayo. Most of the people were evicted. There was a three-day fight in Sanderse's Fort, before the "emergency-men" could evict the people. It is said that Cromwell was a shoemaker's son. He did not come any nearer then Loughrea to this district.
The Mac Eigins and the O Kellys had a clannish fight in Tynagh and the O'Kellys was defeated. The Cromwellian army passed through Derry brien and destroyed the churches and schools.
Up to the present day the greatest part of the country was owned by the Land-lords. Parts of the land in Lisduff belonged to the Land-lord. He sold parts of this which he (owned) owed to a man named Finn from Loughrea.
The adjoining tenants with small holdings were lawfully entitled to get this land. On a May morning men and women from the surrounding districts gathered to clear the stack off the land They were all equipped with ash wattles and stones, and the women had

In past years there lived a Steward in Ballybaun at the same time there also lived a landlord whose name was was Mahon. There (also lived) was a number of tenants in Ballybaun. The landlord told the Steward to evict the tenants from Ballybaun. The Steward did as he was ordered. As (they) the tenants were going up the Bridge of Ballinamore they raised a cry. The landlord was standing at the hall door and he heard the cry. He then told the Steward to bring them back and reinstate them also. The Steward said he would not mind them as they were on the road. Then the landlord said it was alright but would he take responsibility for the sin of it. The Steward answered "yes". A short time after the Steward died. At the time the Hearse was drawn by horses. When the Hearse and horses were brought to take the remains to the churchyard, the horses refused to draw the Hearse. Then there were two mules go to take the remains away. Then the two mules brought the remains to the churchyard.

Long ago there was an old woman living near Killimor Churchyard. One night she was spinning flannel when suddenly a crowd of fairies come in. They said they would help her to spin. Some of them began to spin and the others began to weave and within a few hours they had the flannel woven.
The woman was anxious to get rid of the fairies. So she went to the door and after looking out for a few minutes she shouted, "Cnoc Sidhe Gabhann is on fire." Immediately the fairies jumped up and ran out. Some shouted "my child will be burned."
When the woman got them out she threw out the spinning wheel and the flannel and then locked the door. Soon the fairies came back, and finding the door locked they shouted "Spinning wheel let us in!" I cannot said the wheel for I am out as yourself. Then they shouted, "Let us in flannel" but the flannel couldn't since it was also outside. As there was nothing else in the house that they had touched they knew they could not get in. Up to a few years ago there was in the Churchyard.

the district. The Creg's used to go from town to town with a shooting gallery they also made first baloons ever seen in the district and toy windmills.
The Doyle's and the Donovans were two famous fighting tribes who always visited the district on fair days.Written by - Ita Keighrey
Clonfert Ave.,
Portumna.
Obtained from - Nurse Glynn,
St. Joseph's Rd.,
Portumna.

a poem about his son an buacaillín don a man had six acres of land, and when any one would be talking to him about land he would say that he had the finest land ever a bird ever flew over.

did so and then the priest went to the house of the other woman. When she saw him coming she roared and from that out she had not the other womans butter.
Some people say there was a woman in "Clough Brack" who took the butter from all the neighbours' cows. This woman went to the market each week with a hundredweight of butter for sale.
There is a small field in Cloonshivna called "Múine gCaora [?]" and it is said that the fairies live there. A young man was brought in the fairies in that field one time.

on their foreheads with blessed ashes. This blessed ashes is got from palm. They also bring home some blessed ashes to those who were not at Mass.
On Good Friday people to the church as often as they can to do the Stations of the Cross, in honor of Our Lord's suffering.
On Easter Sunday it was a custom that the people used to get up half-past four to see the sun dancing in the sky. On this day people eat eggs.
In bygone days it was a custom amongst the old people not to give away milk. It was supposed that you would not have milk or butter all the year round if you did this.
On May Day we erect a May bush. We cut a small bush and we pull flowers and put them on the May bush. Long ago the old people would get up before (sunrise) sunrise on May Morning and wash their faces in their dew to prevent them from getting

They way to make a basket is first to steep the scollops in a drain for about a week. Then when they are brought home, stick eighteen strong scollops down in some soft place, in the garden. Then get more scollops and weave them around the strong ones until it is high enough.
To make the bottom of the basket. Get four scollops the same length and pierce four holes on each of them, then put scollops in each of the holes, and then weave them in and out with thin ones, until it is complete. Then switch the bottom one side on to the basket. Then get a homper and put it under neath the bottom then make a gad and put it in the end of the basket, so as to the homper in it.
The people are not able to make baskets now at all, but long ago nearly everyone was able to make his own baskets, and they used to use them a lot at that time. But now few people have them.

payment of one full years rent all arrears would be abolished. Immediately there commenced a falling off in the number of "outrages" such as had not been effected by any Coercion Act and the county became remarkably peaceful with the return of peace the Land Court's which were giving good reductions when the agitation was active now gave decisions for much less amounts. Once again the value of farm produce is crops and Stock fell to the lowest level for 25 years, beef selling at 35 per cut and oats at 8/ per barrel. This was due to the increasing importation by steamships instead of sailing vessels. Such conditions again brought things between the Landlords and the tenants to a crisis in 1885. The Land League having been supressed at the arrest of Parnell adopted the name of the Irish National League and carried on the agitation under the title. It now assisted and encouraged the tenants in their demands for a reduction. The Landlord on their side , again determined to oppose the tenant demands and formed the I.L.P.U. and the property defense Association. They then tried to break down the tenants League

54. What side is the handle in a cup? (On the outside)
55. A half a circle added to a full circle the same then repeat added to a triangle standing on two feet? (Cocoa)
56. Two little bottles by the side of a hill, if they were there for even they would never spill? (a cows tits)
57. Little granny grunt sitting on three stumps eats nothing but is full always? (a pot)
58. What key is the hardest to turn? (a donkey)
59. White turning white out of white? (a white dog turning white sheep of white cabbage)
60. What is it that has feet but no legs? (a yard rule)
61. What can be found where it is not? (Fault)
62. What is the most like a horse's shoes? (a mares shoe)
63. Spell the red rouge of the world in three letters? (Fox)
64. As round as an apple, and as flat as a pan, now side a woman, and the other side a man? (a penny)

Currach-Éernín: This field is called after a saint named Éernín.
The Two-Tree-Field: There are two trees in it.
The Tomb-Field: A man named Bowes Daly was buried in a

Farm animals:- horse, foal, cow, calf, pig, sheep, lamb, donkey.
Domestic animals:- cat, go and pup.
The local words people use when driving cows in or out is "How', 'How"
the local words for driving calves is "Suck on", "Suck on". Cows are tied to stakes by chains, or ropes. Most cows are tied by the neck.
Wicked cows are usually tied with a rope from the horns to the legs.
A Sacred Heart badge is always hung in the cow house. On Palm Sunday people usually put a piece of palm in the cow-house to bring luck on the stock. After milking a cow people always make the sign of the cross on her hip with milk so that nothing would happen to her during the day or night.
People usually sing a song when they are milking, for it is said that the cow would give 1/5 more milk.
A horse is seldom tied at night.
A horse gets hay every morning and evening. He also gets oats before he goes to work in the morning.
The horse generally gets clipped once a year.
cows the called :- "twee" "twee"
Horses the called:-"pro" "pro"
Pigs:- "jock" "jock"

Food in the olden times was very different to the food nowadays. Some people used to make oaten meal bread. The way they used to make it was first they used to put a handful of meal into what was called a Losaid. Then they used to pour milk in the top of meal and mix them. When they would have it made solid they used to bake it in a griddle.
Another came they used to make was a potatoe cake. First of all they used to boil the potatoes and when they would be boiled they used to break them up and then they used to mix flour and milk up together and then the cake would be made. When the cake was baked they used to eat it hot. The people used to make wheaten bread from wheat. They had two big stones

A good many years ago a priest in Mountbellew went into a house near the town. Before he left the woman of the house made some tea. When they were taking the tea they began to talk, and the man told the priest that they were buying their own butter since Novembers night. When the priest heard that he could not understand it. Then the man told him that the woman next door took the butter from the cows on Novembers night. When the priest heard that he said he would put an end to it, The woman said she had some cream to churn and that she would churn it now. Then the priest told her to put their irons in the fire while she was churning. She

and knocked. The sqire spened the door and let the miller in as he thought. He asked him could he answer the questions. He said yes. He asked him what weight was the moon. He said what weigh was the; how doses he make out that. He said hasn't four quarters and isnt four quarters one hundred weight. He them asked him how many stars in the sky nine million nine thousand and if you don't believe me step out and count them. He the asked him what he was thinking of. You think you are talking to Jack the miller but no you are talking to his intended son in law. The squire pulled the miller's hat of his head and keptd him until he would do for him two nights after. He put down a fire in the garden to burn him and asked him do you know when you are going to die. He said yes if he gave him five minutes. He the threw him-self no his back and as though reading the stars. He jumped up and said "Squire you and

25 Idiy Ody two heads and one body?
A reel of thread.
26 Its [?] cut divided (?) and never eaten?
Pack of cards.
27 Too short could a piece of us and then it will be longer?
A grave.
28 What is the first thing you do when you go to bed?
Toss it.
29 Which is the quickest way to get from France to Dover?
Cross off the D and then you are over.
30 A popper of ditches is a clipper of thorns a little brown cow with two leather horns?
A rabbit.
31 The beginning of every end and the end of every place, the beginning of eternity the end of time and space?
The letter E.
32 Luke has it before, Paul has it behind and Paddy Kelly has a twice in the one spot?
The letter L.
33 What's broken when spoken?
Silence.
34 Four legs a head and a foot?

During Winter's night neighbours visit, tell Stories news and play games. Ghost stories and fairy stories to pass the night and keep people in by night
I. St Brigid's Eve:- The Brigideoga - masked go around and dance and play at each door and collect money. St Brigid was very charitable. She gave to the poor an apron of bread - someone told her father. She was watched and caught and when apron was opened there was nothing in it but fideóga (soft rushes).
Rushes are cut every St Brigid's Eve and when supper is ready a member of the household goes out catches rushes in hand and says 3 times "Téighid ar bhur nglúnaibh, osclaidh bhur súili agus leigidh Brighid isteach". The people answer three times "sé do beatha". Fideóga are brought in, put under the table, supper is partaken and then crosses are made
II. Mantle left out that night in memory of Brigid's Cloak.
MAYDAY Associated with many pisreóga - old hag devil's help that morning supposed to take the butter or milk from anybody she did not like. Had many ways of working - began her mischief before sunrise and alone. Anyone seeing her practising her piseoga would get some of the milk and butter.
There is a story of an old woman gathering butter in May morn sitting on the grass barefooted plód ar a ceann, hair down on face, eyes red[cont'd on p.244]

1. The old people have many cures for different diseases. They say if a person had the whooping cough adn if they saw a man passing with a white horse they should ask him for a cure and whatever he says to be done it should be done and the person would be cured.
2. Rock water is said to cure warts.
3. The seventh son in a house always has a cure for some disease. Usually it is for ring worm or small pock. He sometimes turns out to be a doctor.
4. If a person sprained his ankle or any other joint it is good to put it before the stream.
5. A leaf of cabbage or ivy is supposed to be very good for a cut or a sore. It should be first heated by the fire and then squeeze the sap from it and then put it on the sore for about a day. It should be then replaced by a fresh leaf.

during whit week. When rain occurs on a Friday it is noted that the following Sunday is always wet. It is said that a person suffering from sore feet can be cured on the eight of September and on the fifteenth of August.
If rain falls on St. Swithen's day it is say , it, said that rain will fall for forty days and forty night.

In olden times most people had only two meals a day, these were breakfast and dinner. For breakfast they usually had indian stirabout which they called "yellow bock". This was made in a metal pot called a scilit, when it was boiled it was left in the middle of the floor, and all the family sat round the pot, and ate the stirabout with wooden spoons called "labels". For dinner they had potatoes and buttermilk drunk from wooden mugs called noggins. When the potatoes were boiled they were put into a skili, and peeled with the fingers. Rhy bread

1. Some people around here are able to cribs for catching birds. They are made from Elder Rod's by catching them in one another and leaving a space in it for the birds to get in.2. Cages are also made at home. They are made with Sally rods by placing them on a board holed by an augur for the floor and the same for a roof.3. Baskets are also made with Sally rods. A flail is another home made instrument. It was used for threshing long ago. First there was a good supple handle cut for it. Then there was a bit of leather on the handle and a rod of holly from that.4. The Mallet is another that is made it home. It is made from a back of Timber and a wooden handle. It is principally used for thatching.

In olden times there were practically no shops or business in the countrysides. With the result the farmers did their shopping in the nearest town. The only business done in the country was sale of poteen. These shops were called shebeens. There was great sale in the commodity on Sunday after mass.
Farmers wives took farm produce to the nearest town, and exchanged same for shop goods. This was called "boot". When these people were not in position to pay for goods received, they asked for "Tick" meaning credit. It was considered unlucky to buy goods the first day of the year. In olden times, men traveled the countryside with "boot laces, delph, blessid pictures, and other house hold goods. They exchanged these goods for feathers, bottles, rags, etc. These men were called pedlars. They are now practically unknown. Some of the coins in use in olden times were four shilling piece, ninepenny bit, fourpenny bit. All these are now out of use.

1. Mary Monaghan from Cahernaheena was able to bind a hundred breaths of oats in the day.
2. There was once a woman whose name was Winnie Monaghan from Toorard. She was able to card and open six lbs. of wool in the day.
3. Walter Monaghan from Toorard was able to carry a very heavy load. He carried seven cuts of wheat from the middle of the town in Ballinrobe to the mill, and there was a man with him who tried to do it and he was not able.
4. My grandmother walked to Knock about thirty years ago. She left Killamonagh about half past six in the morning and she was in Knock at two o'clock in the day. She did a station in Knock, and when she had it done, she set out for home, and she was home that night.
5. There lived a man in Killamonagh whose name was Michael Thornton, and he walked to the Reek. He left the village in the evenings, and he did a station, on the top of Croagh Patrick, and he was home early next morning.

Long ago the churns were all made of timber. There are iron hoops on the churns now. The length of our churn is 2 3/4 feet. The top of it is about sixteen inches and the bottom is about two feet. It is about thirteen inches wide in the centre. There is a lid made also for the churn and it fits down in it about three inches. There is a hole in the centre of it for the handle of the dasher. There are round and L shaped holes in the dasher. There is a splasher let down on the handle to prevent the milk from splashing on the churn. Some people throw salt on the churn before they churn the milk, and others put a coal under the churn.Patrick Roche (Red)

Once upon a time there lived in Mayo a man by the name of Domhnaill Ruadh and it was very rich. One night he had a dream that there was a crock of gold hidden under the mill in his own garden, and that there was a stone left on top of the place where it was hidden. He had this dream three nights in succession. At last he believed them, and he went out on the fourth morning to look for the gold. When he was going out his

Once a man and his sister were living together. This man was very fond of liqour. Every fair he went to he was drunk. His sister used to go to the fairs with him. The guards used to arrest him every day he was drunk.
One day he and his sister went to the fair. In the afternoon the man got drunk and he was arrested. The sister remained at her aunts house for the night which was only about half a mile from the town. She carried the money she got at the fair for the stock. Her aunt and her two sons and her daughter living in this house. About 11 o'clock the two girls went to bed. The mother and the two boys decided to kill the visitor and get the money and no one would know that she came to the house. The visiting girl was listening to them planning it up but the other girl was asleep. One of the boys asked the mother where the would bury her. She said they would dig a hole in the garden and bury her there. Then the mother told them to go out and dig a hole in the garden and that she would prepare the knife and that they would cut her head off. While the were preparing the mother went into the room to see how the girls were fisced in the bed. There own sister was outside in the bed and the other girl inside her. Then the visiting girl went outside the other girl in the bed. The people

steal a slice of bacon and bury it and the foot will be cured. A poultice of bran and butter-milk is good for a whettle. If you got a prick of a fork burn the prongs and the cut will be healed. If you got a bite of a dog make the dog lick the part affected and you will be cured. Forge-water is good for warts.
One of the most popular cures for a tooth=ache is to smoke a cigarette. When a kettle is boiling get a dry slate and put it before the steam and then place your hand on the slate and it will cure chilblains.
Written by: - Nancy Moylan.
Bridge Rd.
Portumna.
Obtained from.- Michael Moylan.

She was not long there when she came out with fire in her eyes. She ran around the fort three times having finished the third round with an all mighty roar she leaped twenty feet into the air and fell dead. Now said the man I have got the kitten but how am I to deliver it as I dont know where these old bloaks live and looking around him he had no fort to see nor did not know where he was. So he wanderer on for a time and what should he see in the distance but the same old hovel and entering they welcomed him heartly. They killed the kitten at once and skinned him, put it in a little skillet to boil. When it was cooked they got three sauspans and drank a sauspan of soup each. No sooner had they it drank than they jumped up the the three finest young men that ever the Mullagh laid eyes upon. "Come"- said what to be the grand-father fetch me my hurley out of that loft thats lying there for hundred's of years. So the three got their hurleys and a tan ball and went out on the fields and a finer bit of hurling was never seen. "Be dad" said the Mullagh man there must be something great in that soup. I'll try a sauspan myself and as soon as he had it drank he found himself (lust) possessed with the strength of a giant and taking an

When people are calling the hens they say "tiocfaidh"
When they are calling in the ducks they say "Wheel"
When they are calling the turkeys say "biadh" biadh
When they are putting in the cows they say "How How"
They put straw under the cows for a bed. When a cow calfs the people tie a red rag to her tail so that she would bring good luck. Some people bring out a blessed candle and burn some of the hair of the cows. They milk her two hours after she calfing and give a drop of it to the calf. There is a straw rope put around the calfs foot and the cows are tied by a chain which is put around their necks.
When a person is trying to take the hatch of a hen they put her under a box.
If a person spills a drop of milk they god speed it
Mary Lohan
age 15

Tramps are not as plentiful now as they were long ago. About sixty year ago you would see two or three going around from house to house and from school to school every day of the week. Every house they would go into they would either get food or money.
There was a man going around by the name of "Scamhóg". He was a very tall man. He had no sense at all. He was half a fool, but he was well able to beg. The people used to get great fun out of him.
At about the same time there was a woman going around that they called "Brighid a Chórn". She was very poor. She did not wear any boots, but she wore long stockings without any soles. They called them "troighthimh". She used to let on that she had no sense but she was as well able to go as "Scamhóg".
There was another man in Tuam called "Tom a Cáca." He used to go up and down the town every day, and everyone he would see, he would say
"Give a penny to poor Tom".
I got this information from Mrs. Cullinan, Corofin, Ballyglunin, Co. Galway

Folklore
9th January 1939
Long ago a man named Ossian was building a church, and he had about one hundred men working for him. They used to build a good piece every day, and all they used to build in the day it would be knocked before next morning.
So this was going on a good while, and they did know what was knocking it Ossian went on his knees and asked God to give him the same strength that he had when he was thirthy years old, and he would stay that night, to see what was knocking the church. In the middle of the night a big serpent came out of a lake that was near by. When Ossian saw it coming he stood out before it and asked it what brought it there. Ossian and the serpent started fighting. The serpent was just going to hit the church when Ossian killed it.
Then he made two halves of the serpent and put down a big fire, and put half the serpent in it. When he was roasted he ate it. He fell asleep then and in the morning, when the [ma] men where coming to work they saw the fire and they were going to turn home again. Some of the men went near the the church, and Ossian awoke

I have five cow and nw six calves and fiftey sheep at home. We have a barn for the cow and calves we put "sheg messa" and fems under them in the barn.Thier names are: the "mouse cow" "homey cow" the "black cow" Juday and Nellie. I milk the mouse cow every morning and every evening. I milk her on the right side. When I drive them I say "Kutha" to drive them. When I have food for the cow I say "neck-suck".We have a sheEp at home whose name is Mam. She is very wise. She was bought from Mrs. Joyce, she was at Streamstown at eleven o'clock and she was at Ungwee at four o'clock. She went in to Mrs Joyce herself and left her lamb out side, she went out again and brought in the lamb.About 40 years ago there lived near the west coast of Connemara who had a ser certain art for making butter. She had two cows and also preserved a hand of a dead man, before she started the churn she used to around the churn with the hand say certain words while doing so, and then make her churnning.When she thought it was finished, she took it up and secured it. She had all the butter of the village and the neighbour's had none.I heard this story from my father who lives in MoyardMaureen Acton

Pains of the most violent kind and even convulsions are cured by the application of cold water; it also gives relief to people suffering from lock-jaw and insanity:
Rheumatism; Celery and apples.
Asthma; Carrots have a beneficial effect
Jaundice: Eggs, especially the yolks.
Nervousness: Celery and onions
Anaemia: lettuce and watercress
Sleeplessness: lettuce
Eye trouble: Very strong boild tea styes. A good remedy for tired eyes is, plain water with the chill just off or fresh milk slightly warmed.
Colds: boiled onions.
Stings: soda; blue rag. A red hot wire. A bran poultice.
Sprains: Cold water bandages.

a great hurry. He had a cleeve on his back. He went into Mrs Heaney to light his pipe. She asked him what hurry was on him. He told her. She told him to sit down on a chair. When he did she began her story.
He thought he was only five minutes within, when he saw Mrs Heaney's son coming home with a cleeve of wrack. He looked around him. He knew it was evening. He asked Mrs Heaney what he would do. She told him to wait until her own son would go down for his second cleeve of wrack. When he got him gone down he stole the wrack.
Mrs Davis had a son named Terry Davis. He learned all the stories from his mother and his two aunts. After a while he became the best story teller of them all. People would go in to his house at night. They said he was the best story teller in Renvyle. He died about thirty years ago in the year 1909. Some of his stories would take more than one night to tell

Miseals: hot drinks
Trish: The breath of a child that never saw its father
Sore eyes: Black tea
A Sty on the eye: A thorn of a gooseberry bush.
Rheumatism: Seal's oil
Indestion: Dandyline.
The cure for a sprain is the water from a waterfall, or go to the house of the weaver.

ladies were walking around the yard the dog leaped to the door of the kennel & caught Miss Emily by the dress as she passed & drew her in he had killed her before before she was taken from him.
They took him down to the shore and tied him to the seat of a boat and shot him. When the shot hit him he gave such a jump that he turned the boat upside down. Miss Ellen never taught after the death of her sister
After this the old church was turned A into a stable by the Blakes. They put cattle into it when they had it ready, but the following morning they were all found dead. The Blakes thought that some of the people around had killed the cattle so the following night they again put cattle into it and set people privately to watch it. But although no one went near the stable during the night the cattle were again found dead in the morning. After that the church was never put to any

Tháinig liuchín beag isteach agam
Is ní ar maithe líom a bhí sí
Ghearr sí slaibhrín deas a bhí agam
Nach raibh a leithéadh sníomhta
Marach Fíoghdóir maith a bhí in aice líom Ní grúthiuginn aon phinginn coidhthe air.

Tháinig liuchín beag isteach agam
Is ní ar maithe líom a bhí sí
Ghearr sí slaibhrín deas a bhí agam
Nach raibh a leithéadh sníomhta
Marach Fíoghdóir maith a bhí in aice líom Ní grúthiuginn aon phinginn coidhthe air.

Bhí Tiobóid Dábhaic in a chomhnuidhe ar Tulaig na Sídheóg agus bhí teach agus talamh aige ann agus é pósta. Bhíodh coirce agus fataí curtha aige. Bhíodh sé ag baint na bhfataí ar taob an chnuic agus nuair a bhíodh siad bainte ar fad aige bhíodh na fataí ar fad cruinnighthe thíos san ngleánn.Tharraingeadh sé an leasú as na h-Aille agus as an gCoill Ruadh le cliabh ar a dhruim timcheall is ceithre mhíle bealaigh agus thagadh sé anuas aríst chuile oidhche ag cuairt do na h-Aille. Lá amháin dá ndeachaidh sé amach ag an tobar ag iarraidh buicéad uisge d'éirigh leis easgan a thógal agus thug sé leis abhaile í

I. Baineann Dia le fíora feasta gil
Ní'l aon duine a dearfadh mo bharann
A' dul isteach i dteach nuadh
Nach gcaithfeadh na marbh fanacht as
An Fhaid as a bhéadh cleas o tigheII. Ní'l aon duine a déarfadh mo bharann
A dul isteach nuadh
Nár mhaith déanfadh do ag an seansa gur cloinne
Ní'l aon duine a déarrfadh mo bharann
Ag dul ar luing nó ar fharraige
Nach slán m'anamnacha tiocfadh as
Gan teipa gan [?] gan taidte
Aisling mo mháthairIII. Ní'l duine a déarfadh aisling mo mháthair
Naoi n-uaise thar úr eirghe dó
Ní Feicfadh sé teine Ifrinn go deo
Agus bhéadh a anam sabháilte
Beannacht Dé le anam Áine Ní Bhauaigh
Agus le h-aon duine a bhfuil mo bharann aige
Beannacht De le h-anam gach Gráinne
Mise Pádraig a bheannigh Eire

Na Fianna.
Deirtear go na Fianna amuigh i bhfásach 'san Aifreac fadó. Ag marbhughadh ainmhidhthe a bhí siad. Mharbhuigh sí an méid ainmhidhe nach raibh siad in-ann na sleaghanna a tabhairt leó. D'fhág siad annsin iad agus d'imthigh siad abhaile. Seachtmhain ina-dhiaidh sin chuaidh Goll Mac Mórna, Caoilte agus Fionn go dtí an fásach leis an gléas airm a tabhairt abhaile leo acht fhad is bhí siad siad [!] 'sa mbhaile tháinig gaoth mór agus chuir sé cnoc gainamhe ós cionn na sleaghanna. Bhí na Fianna ag siubhal leo nuair a casadh fearín a bhí ar leath-chois leo. D'innis Fionn an sgéal dhó agus

Coinnle:- Sé an sort coinnle a bhí ag na daoine fadó agus iad ag ithe a suipéir coinnle a dhéanfadh a mháthair. Stroicfheadh sí sean braithlín no sean léine leatha sí píosa feóil a mbheadh an-ramhar agus dhoirtfheadh sí amach annsin é ar ghríosach beag nuair a bheadh sí ná laitheach. Tumhadh sí an seanchirt ann annsin agus tar éis cúpla noiméad bheadh an coinneal déanta. Gearradh sí in a ngiotaí beaga annsin é tuairim leath-shlát ar fhaid. Bhíodh sórt candlesticks aicí agus cineál píonsúir deánta aicí ar a mbárr a coinnfeadh gréim air fhaid is bhead siad ag itthe an t-suipéir, sé cinn a beadh deantá le h-aghaidh gach oidhche.
Bhí aithne agam ar fear a bhí in a comhnuidhe san bpáráiste níl sé curtha acht cúig bliadhna Bhí sé ag treabhadh lá agus rith na capallaí air agus bhris siad

an stail bhric atá san domhain thoir." "Cén fath sin" arsa an gadaidh dubh. D'innis sé dó amhlaidh mar cuireadh na geasa air. "Ó" arsa an gadaidhe dubh is beag an mhaith duit é. Mar is gadaidhe dubh ó Dubhán a goidtha an ubh ó ghor go corr na diaidh agus is minic a shíl mé a ghoid act cinn se orm. Mar sin féin rachaidh mé leat."
Nuair a chuaidh siad go dtí an áit a raibh an stail breac chuaidh siad isteach agus bhí cloigeann ar an stail breac an caoí dá n'goideadh aoinne é go aitneochta é. Nuair a chorruigh siad san é dairigh an rí agus a mhuintir iad agus amach leo. Rudadar ar an trúir fear istigh san stábla. Cuireadar isteach go maidin iad. Annsin ar maidin d'fhiafruigh an rí cén t-ainm a bhí ortha d'innuis siad

Sé an t-aos a bhíod ag na daoine fadó sul a gcaithidís bróga na cúig-déag na sé déag de bhliadhanta. Bhíod na páistí cosnocht sa Samhradh fadó agus bíonn siad aois mar freisin. Seo cúpla pisreóga a chuala mé:-
Deartear nach ceart an t-uisge a níghfheá do chosa ann san oidche a chaithead amach.
Deirtear freisin dá gcuirtí biorán isteach san uisce a níghfheá dá chosa ann na dtiochfhadh aon chorn ort.
Tá go leor fear eile thart annseo indon bróga a dheisúghadh seachas an Gréasaidhe. Tá m'athair indon iad a dheasúghadh. Nuair a bhíos taob na bróige briste cuireann sé taoibhín air.
Déanann sé ruadóg i dtosach le snáth lín agus céir. Fuaghann sé an bróig leis an ruadóig, bhíonn meanac aige freisin cun poill a dheanamh tríd an leathar.
Bhí bróga bun adhmaid go fluirseach fadó tá cuid le fághail fós.
Níor chuala mé faoi

céachtaí, agus craiceann múile bíodh in a gad ar an gcapall a bhíodh ghá dtarraingt acu. [Micheál Ó Maoldhomhaigh, Creig Bhuidhe, Baile Chláir na Gaillimhe, Aois 52 tuairim]
Is le seól déanta do adhmad bhíodh siad ag fighe ná flainnín, barróg-mharraí agus braithlíní.
Is le sliosóga daire agus ailím tríd agus iad a bhruith a bhíodh siad ag dathú.
Is le sgoilb agus le tuighe agus le ropaí a bhíodh siad ag tuigheadóireacht.
Is le barrac a bhíodh siad ag déanamh téide.
Is le craiceann capaill a bhíodh siad ag déanamh fuipeanna.
Is le móin agus le clochaí i dturnóig a bhíodh siad ag doghadh aoil.
Déanad siad coinnle fadó as feagóga agus iad tumtha in ngeir.
Déanadh siad cisean de shlata saileóige. Cuiread siad na slataí síos i bpota uisge baineadh siad an croiceann díobtha.
Caitheadh na daoine an snáth a thabhairt chuig an figheadóir cun a deilimh agus tarraingeadh an fígheadóir isteadh san seol é, agus dhéanad sé flainn dhé.[Máirtín Mac Ghiollarnáith, Cathair Gabhann, Baile Cláir na Gaillimhe, aois 60 tuairim]
Bhíodh go leor sean-oibre i gCathair Gabhann fadó mar :-

An Bhó.
Coinnigheann na feilmearai an bhó mar sí a thugann bainne dóibh agus bíonn laoigh aice chuile bliain, agus díolann na feilmearaí iad agus gheobann siad airgead ortha ar an aonach.
Cuirtear isteach san Geimhreadh iad agus is mór an leasú a dhéanann iad ar feadh an ama, Caithear an leasú amach (aoileach) gach lá agus deantar cardáin dó sgatha amach ós cómair an dorais a bhíonn sa stábla agus in am curtha na bfataí arl. cuirtear amach 'sna druilleanna é agus cuireann sé spreacadh 'sna barrannaí.
Tugtar fear do na bá ins an Geimhreadh agus turnapai geara imbuicéad nuair a bhíonn siad dá mblean.
Bíonn dá bhó ag an cuid is mó de na daoine agus ceangalaightear le slabra iad. Déantar im as uachtar an bainne agus bíonn an bláthach fághthaí le h-aghaidh cacaí agus le tabhairt de na mucaí.
Bíodh clúdach dearg a ruball na bó le faithchios go ngoidfeadh na sean-daoine a bainne uaithe.

D'imirigheadh an tríomhadh cluithche agus 'sé an draoidheadóir dearg a bhuaidh é. "Cé'n geasa a chuirfeas tú orm" ars' an mac ríogh.
"Blian sa taca seo ar lá Bealtaine bíodh agat annseo damhsa - fios fáth an éin-sgéil, claidheamh an Fathaigh Dúbhda agus an chaoi ar baineadh an ceann agus an choiméad beatha dé'n ain-sgéalaidhe agus muna mbidh sin agat tiubhrfáidh tú díoluigheacht damhsa le do cheann."
Le rádh na bhfocal dhó, bhog sé leis nó go ndeachaidh sé as amharc an mhic ríogh agus a bhainríoghna. Thug an mac ríogh an bhainrioghan abhaile chun a chaisleáin. Gléasadh bainfheis, fleadh agus féasta dóibh agus bhí siad ag ól agus ag aoibhneas ar feadh naoi n-oidhche agus naoi lá agus gan geasa an draoidheadóra a' cur aon imnidhe orra.
Nuair a bhí bordáil leith-bhliadhna caithte, dubhairt mac ríogh Éireann le n-a mhnaoí - "tá sé in-am agam dul a' tóruigeacht geise an draoidheadóra." "Is truagh linn sgaradh le chéile" ar sise, "acht is dóigh nach bhfuil athrughadh le déanamh acht glacadh le toil Dé."
Annsin tharraing sí srian as a póca agus chraith sí í agus ar an bpoinnte tháinig capaillín breágh dubh agus chuir sé a cheann isteach innti
"Tiubhraidh an capall se thú chuig áit a bhfuighidh tú tuairisg" ar sise, agus nuair a seasfaidh sé os comhair geata caisleáin, cuir isteach na trí naipcíní póca seo mar bronntanas chuig an rígh."

Tá mo naipcín póca ag an Rógaire dubh
Is tá sé na phoca le bliadhain sa lá indiú
Sé dó lá Fóghmhair é Rógaire dubh
Anonn ar an cimlle is anall ar an srúth

Timcheall bliadhna ó shoin bhí fear ag teacht as Oileán Larthach la amháin darbh ainm Míceál Ó Suilleabhán. Bhí fear eile i n-éinfheacht leis darbh ainm Máirtín Ó Griallair. Bhí an lá go breágh. Níor fhágadar an t-oileán go raibh sé a cúig a chlog tráthnóna.
Nuair a thainigeadar go dtí an cara bhí an taoille uaidh. Cheap Mícheál go mbéadh sé i ndon a bhealach a dhéanamh amach ar na carraigeacha. Nuair a bhí sé píosa amach sgior se amach agus báthadh é.

Nach shin é an fear measamhail, a neartuigh dlighe Éirinn
Tug conghnamh do ‘chaon taobh bus agus tháll
Rinne sé smaointe agus laghduigh sé an cíos dúinn
Agus choinnigh sé in Éirinn an méid a bhí ann
ii
Tá gach aoinne san áit seo go léir ar fad sásta
Ach na baintreabhachaí mná bocht nach bfuáir aon pinghin fós.
Ach má gheilltear den pháipéar gheobhfar sa Márta é
Is do réir mar tá ráidhte béid Éire gan brón
iii
Caith síad ráithe an fhoghmhair ag dul ar a n ngluinibh
Ag guidhe dó igcomhnuidhe chun na grástaí seo dfághail
Cupla úair trathnóna is ag Aifreann an Domhnaigh
Is níl páidir dár dhubhairt síad nar oscail Dia a gcás
iv
Tá buistéara in Árainn bfuil clú agus cáil air
Bfuil meas ins gach áit air ag sean is ag óg
Ach anois tá sé seasta ag é ag obair go cneasta
Ní bheidh ocras ná tart air chúans mhairfidh sé beó
v
Tá a gcuid airgid féin dá dhéanamh in Éirinn
Sin is agcuid éadaigh, den togha stuf is fear
Is nach íonghantach liom féin é dfághail gan aon tsaorthú
Mára bé deireaún an tsaoghal é tá teannadh linn ann.

Nach shin é an fear measamhail, a neartuigh dlighe Éirinn
Tug conghnamh do ‘chaon taobh bus agus tháll
Rinne sé smaointe agus laghduigh sé an cíos dúinn
Agus choinnigh sé in Éirinn an méid a bhí ann
ii
Tá gach aoinne san áit seo go léir ar fad sásta
Ach na baintreabhachaí mná bocht nach bfuáir aon pinghin fós.
Ach má gheilltear den pháipéar gheobhfar sa Márta é
Is do réir mar tá ráidhte béid Éire gan brón
iii
Caith síad ráithe an fhoghmhair ag dul ar a n ngluinibh
Ag guidhe dó igcomhnuidhe chun na grástaí seo dfághail
Cupla úair trathnóna is ag Aifreann an Domhnaigh
Is níl páidir dár dhubhairt síad nar oscail Dia a gcás
iv
Tá buistéara in Árainn bfuil clú agus cáil air
Bfuil meas ins gach áit air ag sean is ag óg
Ach anois tá sé seasta ag é ag obair go cneasta
Ní bheidh ocras ná tart air chúans mhairfidh sé beó
v
Tá a gcuid airgid féin dá dhéanamh in Éirinn
Sin is agcuid éadaigh, den togha stuf is fear
Is nach íonghantach liom féin é dfághail gan aon tsaorthú
Mára bé deireaún an tsaoghal é tá teannadh linn ann

i.
Innseóchaidh mise sgéal díbh anois faoi Sheanaphéistín
Tá troid ‘is marbhú is réabadh ann
Is a Dhia ar bheagán fáth
Is tosnú mná go léir é
Is iad ag tosnú leis na bréaga
Tá mé ag ceapadh nach tús réidhteach é
Ach acrann a bheith ann
ii.
Mura reidthigh DeValera é nó [?] an Freestate é
Feichfidh sibhse réabadh nó Seanaphéistéin curtha as áit
Mar tá an Diabhal i lár an tsléibhe ann
Ag cur an baile trí na chéile
Is do réir mar fúair mé an sgéala
Tá an poitín dá dhéanamh ann
iii.
Do ghúgáinín na dhéidh sin an fear is fearr in Éirinn
Gur chúala mé dhá léigheain é is sean dhaoine dá rádh
Dá ngradóchaidís le na chéile
Is iad armhaithe reidthigh
Ní hé an chaoi seo a bheadh ar Éirinn
Is ní Staters a bheadh ann
iv.
Níl plan ar bith dá bféidir a bfearr ag cuimneochainn féin air
A bfearr a deanfadh réidtheach na

Bhí dream daoine ag déanamh claidheacha ins an Doirín Glas, tá timhcheall le sé mí ó sóin. Claidheacha Teórainn bhíodar a déanamh agus sgáitheamh ó na claidheacha seo do bhí balla beag. Bhíodar ag tabhairt chlocha as an mballa agus nuair a bhí máighaistir an bhóthair agus triúr no cheathar de na fir ag tóghail an chéad chloch chonnaich síad an fhúil ag silt anuas d'en chloich, sa deire dimithigheadhar ón gcloich agus nuair a bhíodar imithighe níor fhann dada ar an gcloich. Shóchruigheadar ins an aith chéadhna arís an chloch. Deirtear gur sean-bhean de Mhuinntir Feinneadha a bhí in a cómhnaidhe ann. Tamall gearr na dhiaidh sin chonnaich fear d'én bhaile bean na súidhe ar chloich agus í ag caoine chómh h-árd is bhí in a ceann.

22. Bó á báthadh i n-áit na teine. Frg. Bó sa bportach.
23. Fa Shamhain dith mé mo dhóthain den ghamhain agus bliain ón Samhain sin bhí laogh ag an ngamhain sin. Frg. Dith mé mo bhéile de dhruim an ghamhain.
24. Dhá naoi sgilleacha a’s dhá naoi bpingne, Sgilling a’s punt a’s dhá shé pingne, Cé mhéad sin ar an gcaora. Frg. Dhá shine.
25. Cuirfidh mé geall leat go dtiubraidh mé drisúr amach faoi stól agus tú do shuidhe air. Frg. (Dris úr).
26. Shluigfeadh sí a dtiocfaidh a’s a dtáinig a’s ní shluigfeadh sí oiread a’s gráinne. Frg Reilic
27. Céard é an rud is mo a thíonns siubhal ar a chloigeann Frg. Táirne bróige.
28. Chuaidh mé suas an bóthrín, tháinig mé anuas arís a’s thug mé liom an bóithrín ar mo dhruim. Frg. Dréimire

Nuair a bhíonn ciorcal mór thart timcheall na gréine nó na gealaige is is fuide ata an fhearthainn uainn agus dá lughaide é an ciorcal is is goire dúinn atá an fhearthainn.
Dheadh sneachta ann dá dtagadh an spigeóg chuig an doras ag iarraidh roda le n-ithe. Nuair a bhíonn ceó mór amuigh bíonn fearthainn mór ina diaidh. Dheadh leacoidhre amuigh dá mbeadh na daoine indhon ruda i a chloisinn [?] i bhfadh uatha.

treabhadh."
Tá sé ró dheirennach anois le síol a cur" a dubhairt an Cráidhteachán. "Dheamhan blas adeir an londubh, "is gearr a bhéas sé ag fás airíst, déan gáire ar an mí-ádh agus ní bhacfaidh se leat feasta." "Ó, is breágh leat a bheith a' caiint mar sin," ars an Cráidhteachán. "Dá mbeadh tuse mar atáin - se is ar an taobh eile de do bhéal a bhéad an gáire, níl bainne ag mo ghabhar, níl ulbheaca ag mo chuid cearca, tá mo chapaill bacach, agus an ceann breagh sleachtmar do bhí ar m'teachta sé ag tuitim anuas orm."
"Ó" adeir an londubh "Éirighigh suas a dhuine chóir, is na bach leis sin, b'fheárr leat a bheith faoi'n gcré na a bheith ag tabhairt áird mar sin don mí-ádh, roinnfidh mise mo chuid maoin is mo chuid stór leat no go dtiocfaidh amanta níos fearr, agus mo bheannacht leis". "Ó, go deimhin ni iarraim nó ní glacfainn deirce ó éinne" ars an Cráidhteachán, "Má tá tusa ar marcuígheacht ar bhárr an domhain, ná ceap go bhfuil tú cun siubhal orm-sa". Sé seo an méid buidheachais a fuair an londubh croideamhail. (Féach leath 152)

Nuair a bhí an fear ag teacht amach chuaidh an buchall isteach tré an bfuinneóigh agus fuair sé an braitlaínn a bhí faoi an fear agus a bean agus nuair a tháinig an bhfear isteach dubhairt sé leis an bean nach raibh aon rud acht criosa taobh amuigh agus dubhairt an bean leis bí an buachall istigh annseo agus tá an breatlaínn imthighthe aige.

Bhí droch saoghal i nÉireann fadó. Sgaip sé na daone . Luigh sé go trom ortha. Bhí go leór bailte ins an gceanntar fadó nach bhfuil ann indiú. Fuair na daoineleas an ocras as na bailte sin.
D'innis m'athair dom go raibh trí bailte i gCastletoun ins an tsean-aimsear. Dubhairt sé nach bhfaca sé féin iad acht chuala sé a shean-athair ag rádh go

Fear siubhail nó an deóraidhe a theigheas thár sáile
Is fhágas cuanta geala Inis Fóil
Má's i Meiriocá luighfeas a chnamha
San Gearmáin nó san Aifric Mhóir -Nach bhfágfaid seanchas 'na dhiaidh go bráth ann
An té thóigfeas é le inntinn ghéar
An méid a báthadh oidhche an ghála
'S a gcnámha bána ag tabhairt an fhéir.Nach mór an inntleacht 's a' tuiscint cinn -
Nach fad-bhreathnuigheach a bhí an sean fear úd
Adubht. "Na crochaigí na seólta láithreach
"Na sgaoilíd cábla téad ná drú
"Ná fágaí a n-aithreacha 'na ndiaidh ná a máithrín
"Ná fágaí a gcáirdí ná a muinntir féin
"Acht glacaidh suaimhreas go dtí an lá amáireach
"Mar tá mé cinnte go bhfuil gála i gcéin"D'éaluigh an ghrian thart ins na spéartha
Chruinnigh néalta i dtús na h-oidh'e
Chuaidh na héin chun suain le chéile
Ar bun na ngéag is ar bharr na gcraobh,
Tháinic dorchadas ar fuaid na hÉirean
'S ní fheicfeá léargus ar bith 'n do shlighe
Gur bhuail a' stoirm úd crocáin aerach'
Gleanntáin uaigneach' agus bánta fraoigh.

Bí an Buachaillín na chomhnaidhe ar a' gCaorán taobh tiar de'n áit a bhfuil an teach ósta anois. Ní raibh ann ach Rógaire críochnuighthe. Bhí bean aige acht níor chuala muid ariamh go raibh clann aige.. Dá mbeadh duine ag dul chuig a' siopa beadh sé ag faire air agus dá mbeadh buillín aige nó min nó aon blas eile bhainfeadh Buachaillín dó é. Dá gcloiseadh sé gur mharbhuigh aon duine gé ná cearc ná rud ar bith mar sin chaithfeadh sé cuid dí fhagháil nó mara bhfuigheadh mharbóchadh Buachaillín an t-é d'eiteóchadh é. Deirtear gur lean sé fear* a bhí ag tigheacht ó'n siopa lá le leith-chéad min bhuidhe agus gur mharbhuigh sé thuas ag Loch an Iolra é agus gur chuir sé isteach faoi thóchar a' bhothair é. Deirtear go bhfuil an fhuil ar an gcloch ann fós acht ní fhaca mise an fhuil. Tugadh Buachaillín 'un bealaigh agus níl fhios céard d'eirigh dó 'na dhiaidh sin.*gasúr beag adeir an chuid is mo de na h-ughdair, e.g. Labhrás Ó Conghaile srl. T.Ó S. féach lch 132.

mé de na daoine bochta fadó agus thabhair leat é agus roinn amach ortha é. Agus nuair a bheidheas an méid sin déanta agat gabhfaidh mise do na flaithis."
Rinne an mac amhlaidh agus nuair a bhí sé roinnte aige dubhairt sé le gach duine acu gurabh é athair an duine uasail a dubhair leis é do roinnt.
Bhí go maith is ní raibh go h-olc, tháinig athair an duine uasail go dtí é agus dubhairt sé leis go raibh sé le dhuil do na flaithis agus d'fhág sé slán aige.
Achar gearr i n-a dhiaidh sin chuimhnigh an mac ar an gcomhrádh a dubhairt an diabhal leis. D'imthigh an mac leis abhaile agus nuair a tháinig sé go dtí an teach a raibh a athair agus a mháthair ann, d'iarr sé lóistín acht dubhairt an t-athair nach raibh aon áit aige dhó "mara a bhfanaidh tú ar an teallach" a deir sé, "mar d'imthigh mac uaimse sgath' ó shoin agus níor leig mé aon duine i n-a leabhaidh ó d'imthigh sé agus ní leigfeadh nó go dtiocfaidh sé abhaile." Taisbeáin an mac an leitir dó annsin agus cuireadh fáilte roimhe. Chuaidheadar a chodhladh. Nuair a d'éirigh siad ar maidin dubhairt an mac le na athair gan a dhul ag friotháil an Aifrinn i mbáireach acht go ndéanfadh sé fhéin é. D'imthigh leis chuig an Aifreann agus nuair a tháinig an sagart ar an Altóir.
Chuir an mac seo an sguaib ins an uisge coisreicidh agus chraith sé ar an sagart é thuit culaith an Aifrinn dó agus rinneadh dhó ar an bpoinnte. Ghlac na daoine

Bhreathnuigh an deabhal isteach, agus bh an fear agus a bhean ag troid. "Gabhfa mé isteach annseo," adeir sé, agus faoi cheann seachtmhain ó indiu beidh páiste ann agus nuair a bhéidheas sé sgór bliadhain d'aois beidh sé i na shagart agus chuile dhuine a bhéidheas ag an Aifreann sin beidh siad damnuighthe." D'imthigh an mac leis nó go dtáinig sé go dtí duine uasal. Fuair sé obair annsin. Sé an obair a thug an duin' uasal dhó a dhul chuig an gcúirt 'ghá faireadh. D'imthigh leis an mac go dtí an chúairt nó go raibh sé an dó dhéag.
Is gearr a bhí sé ann tar-éis an dó dhéag nuair a d'airigh sé torann ag teacht anuas an staighre. Céard a bheadh ann acht dhá tharbh gan drioball! Thosuigh siad ag troid nó go raibh siad tuirseach. Dubhairt an mac leo go raibh a ndóin buailte acu ar a chéile.
Suas leo arís, agus is gearr go dtáinig siad anuas arís i na dhá mada agus thosuigh siad ag troid arís. Dubhairt an mac leó go raibh a ndóin buailte acu ar a chéile. Annsin dubhairt sé arís leó, - "Más beó nó marbh sibh tá bhur ndóin buailte agaibh ar a chéile."
Chuaidh siad suas arís, agus tháinig siad anuas i na dhá gcolam gan aon cheann. Thosuigh siad ag troid arís. Dubhairt an rud céadhna agus dubhairt sé cheana. Labhairt colam acu annsin agus dubhairt, "Is (mise) tú an fear is misneamhla a chonnaic mé ariamh.
Tá dhá phota óir i gceann thiar na cúirte a bhain

leis agus thug sé an cáca is fiche leis. Bhí sé ag siubhal is ag síor-shiubhal nó gur bhuail ocras é agus shuidh sé síos agus d'ith sé an cáca is fiche. Bhí sé ag siubhal aríst agus chonnaic sé teach i bhfad uaidh agus ní i ngar dhó. Thriall sé ar an theach. Bhí sé na dhubh oidhche faoi'n am seo agus nuair a tháinig sé isteach ins an teach chonnaic sé sean-fhear agus triúr fear óg agus cailín óg cois na teine
Bí an triúr fear óg stróichte stiallta ó na chéile agus bhí a gcuid lámh agus a n-éadain gearrtha míllte. Bheannuigh mac na baintreabhaige agus bheannuigh an sean-fhear dó go múinte mánla. Dubhairt an sean-fhear leis suidhe acht dubhairt sé nach suidhfeadh sé nó nach seasfadh sé go mbeadh fhíos aige cé'n fáth a raibh an triúr fear óga chómh stróicthe giobalach sin. D'innis an t-athair dó gur bé an chaoi a raibh a thriúr mac ag troid lé bliadhain is fiche lé fathach a bhí na chómhnuidhe ins an Domhan Thoir. "Tá siad ag troid leis an bhfathach an fhad sin bliadhanta" adeir an t-athair "agus tá sé ag fágháil an bhuaidh orra i gcomhnuidhe".
Annsin d'fhiafruigh mac na baintreabhai[ghe] den mhac ba shine cá raibh a chlaidheamh ag[us] theasbáin an mac dó í. "Is maith í do

Deirigh an rí agus shuidh Cormac sa gcaothar agus dubhairt. "Dith na caorigh bárr an fhéir" ar seisean "tugtar bárr na lomraí do fhear an mhóinfhéar.
Do chuir an méid a bhí ann glaodh molta asta. "Barr na lomrai ar son barr an fhéir" ar siadsan. "Is maith an cainnt í sin. Bíodh an fear sin ina rí orainn fiashta agus is mar sin a rinneadh árd rí ar Éirinn de Cormac mac Airt

Bhí bean ann fadó agus bhí sí in a comhnuidhe léithí féin. Bhíodh sí ag thabhairt páighe do fir oibre. Is ag bualadh coirce a bhí siad an lá seo. Ghlaoidh sí isteach ar ceann de ne fearaibh ar a dtugtar Tómás. Dubhairt sí leis. Seo sgilling dhuit a Thómais agus imthigh leat agus tabhair an sinnseail ceart cugam. Bhí an pórtair go saor san am sin. Ceithre piginn an cáirt a bhí air. Dimthigh sé leis agus ní raibh sé i bhfad amhuigh. In áit cáirt cheannuight sé trí cháirt.
Nuair a thainig sé arais thug sé an pórtar don mnaoi. Dubhairt sí. "Sílfeá a Thomáis go bhfuil níos mó na cáirt annsin" Á! adeir Tomás tugadh miosúr maith dom." Glaoidh sé ar na fir oibre agus roinneadh an pórtar eadtorra. Fuair an bhean

Táim in mo suidhe ar an staigre a Máire
An áit air thuit tú le mo taobh
An maidin samradh fadó soin
Bhí tú mo bhean nuadh phósta dhíom.
II
Bhí an geabhra ag éirigh úr 's glas
Agus an fhuiseóg imeasg na néall.
Bhí an grádh lasta in do rós a Mháire
Agus bláth rósa ar do bhéal
III
Agus is beag an t-atrú ar an áit a Mháire
Tá an lá chom geal chomh glinn.
Tá an geabhra glas anois a Mháire,
Is im chluis ceól fuiseóg binn.
IV
Acht ní airgím fasc do láimín bhog
Na 't-unail ar mo gíall
Is táim súil go síor le glór do ghuth
Nach gcloiseadh le mo t-saoghal.
V
Ní achan síos an tráidín thál
Ó feichim uaim a binn.
Acht cill a shuid muidh láim le láim.
An lá a pósadh sin.

an clampar ánn.
Bhí mná is géabha agús gandail ann
Bhí an bhaisteach anuas tridh mhullach an tighe ann
Agus níor chodáil mé néal ag dh [?] cadaig.

agus dubhairt sí leis gloine uisge agus piosa go cipín agus cloch bheag a thabhairt dí. Thug mac an ríogh sin dí agus chuaidh sé in áirde ar an gcapall aríst. Faoí cheann tamaill dubhairt sí leis breathnú in a dhiaidh agus do rinne agus dubhairt go bhfaca sé fear capaill ag tigheacht in a ndiaidh. D'fhiafraigh sí annsin an raibh sé gar díobh agus seisean go raibh sé beagnach buailte leo. Chaith sí annsin an chloch a bhí aici ar a cúl agus rinne sí sin clochar agus chaith an marcuigheacht (an sean-fheairín) an fhad a tigheacht tríd an gclochar 's go raibh tamall maith deanta ag an mbeirt aca. Thuit 's go bhuail an sean-fhear é fhéin glan as an gclochar agus ás go bráth leis in a ndiaidh agus nuair a bhí sé ag tigheacht garr go maith dóibh aríst d'innis mac an ríogh dí é agus chaith sí an cipín uaithi agus rinne sé sin coill. Chaith an sean-fheairín aríst an fhad ag tídheacht tríd an gcoill is go raibh achar maith maith déanta aca. Cómh lúth 's fuair sé é féin glan as an gcoill ás go brát leis in a ndiaidh agus nuair a bhí sé ag teacht garr dóibh aríst d'inis mac an ríogh don mbean óig (mnaoí) é agus chaith sí gloine uisge ina diaidh agus rinne sé sin abha 's chinn ar an sean-fheairín a theacht thar an abhainn 's béigin dó casadh abhaile

Sean-sgéal.Bhí bean i mboluisce fadó agus sé an t-ainm a bhí uirthi ná Caithlín agus ní raibh aon duine san teach acht í fhéin.
Ní ráibh aon t-slighe ó neamh aici acht ag sníomh lionn Annsin nuair a bhíodh cúpla púnt le díol aice bhíodh go leór airgead le fághail aici.
Nuair a bhí cuid mhaith airgead bailighthe isteach aici cheannuig sí péire beithidigh agus bhíodh sé an deachair orra a bheith ag dhéanamh an dhá gnó.
Agus dubhairt sí léití fhéin lá "Ó" muise ní féidir leis an ngobhadán ná dhá tráigh a bheith aige agus sin

go raibh go leór airgid i bhfolach i sean-bhallaí an tighe. Chuaidh beirt fhear dá gcuartú aon oidhche amháin. Dubairt duine aca leis an duine eile, dá bhfuigheadh sé féin é nach dtiubhradh sé de'n duine eile é. Bhíodar ag cartadh agus ba geárr gur chas buidéal le duine aca. "Tá agam anois ar seisean. Ar an noiméad bhris an buidéal, agus d'aithrigh sé an t-ór ag ritheacht síos tríd an mballa. Bhí fear as an bPáirc darbh ainm Mícheál Ó Feinneadha ag tarraingt cloca as an sean-bhalla céadhna mí o shoin. Deirtear go bhfuair sé pota óir, ach go raibh sé follamh. Ní raibh cois ar bith air....
Sgéal eile. Bhí saighdiúr ag teacht abhaile as an arm aon uair amháin. Nuair a bhí sé ag dul thar choill tháinig cailleach amach roimhe agus dubhairt sí leis dá dtiocfadh sé síos san bpoll a bhí san gcránn agus. boisgín snaoisín a thabhairt aníos aice, agus go dtiubhradh sí leór airgid dhó. Thug sí naprún dhó, agus dubairt sí leis é a sgartha faoí na madraí a dfeicfadh sé thíos. Síos leis agus chas mada mór leis, chaith sé an naprún faoí agus luigh an mada siar air. Bhreathnuigh sé síos i mbosca, agus thug sé aníos (boc) bosca snaoisín agus chuir sé in-a phóca é, líon suas a phóca le ór a bhí i bpota eile. Amach leis agus bhí an chailleac [?] ag fanacht leis taobh amuigh. Ní dhearna sé ac an chailleac a mharbhú agus imtheacht leis. Nuair a bhí an t-ór caithte, ní raibh fhios aige céard a déanfadh sé. Chuir sé a láimh in-a phóca, agus thóig sé aníos an bosca snaoisín. Chuir sé a méir síos ann lé gráinne a thabairt leis.

Ór i bhfolach
Sighle Ní Chonghaile, Indreabhán do chuir síos
A hathair a thug an seanchas di
Tá sé ráite go bhfuil ciste óir i bhfolach i leachta mór cloch thuas i mbarr an bhaile seo. Seanfhear a bhí ar an mbaile darbh ainm dó Tadhg beag a chuir an t-ór ann. Bhí Tadhg crua, barainneach agus ní chuirfeadh sé pingin ná leithphingin go dona riamh.Sin é an chaoi a raibh an saibhreas aige. Ach fuair sé bás agus d'fhan a chuid óir ina dhiaidh sa bpoll.
An lá seo bhí beirt fhear oibre ag obair ins an ngort a bhfuil an leachta ann. Dubhairt duine acu leis an duine eile go bhfaca sé rud mar a bheadh easóg ann ag tarraingt an airgid ó leachta a raibh an t-airgead ann go dtí an leachta eile. Chuaidh an bheirt acu ag faire ar an easóg. D'fhiafruigh an fear a chonnaic i dtosach í de'n fhear eile cé mb'fhearr leis an leachta a raibh an easóg ag tarraingt ann ná an leachta a raibh sí ag tarraingt as. Dubht. sé go mb'fhearr leis an leachta a raibh sí ag tarraingt as. Fágadh an leachta sin aige agus thóg an chéad fear an leachta a raibh sí ag tarraingt ann. Bhí a ndóithin ag an mbeirt sin an fhad is mhaireadar. Is olc an ghaoth nach séideann do dhuine eicínt.

Sé an t'am is mó de'n bhliain a bpósann na daoine thart annseo san Inid.
Chuala mé na sean-daoine ag rádh dhá bpósfhadh tú i dtús na h-Inide go mbeadh ádh airgid ort agus dhá bpósfhadh tú i ndeireadh na h-Inide go mbeadh an t-ádh ar do chlann.
Thart ins an áit seo bionn an cleamhnas déanta seachtmhain roimh an bpósadh agus corr dhuine eile a bhíonn cruadhóig pósta orra orra ní bhíonn an cleamhnas déanta acht cúpla lá nuair a phósanns siad
Deireann siad nuair a bhíonn's fear ag dul ag iarraidh mná deireann siad
Dia Luain soir
Dia Máirt siar
Diardaoin sonaidhe soir nó siar,
Nuair a bhíonn sé 'na oidhche téigheann beirt nó triúr ag iarraidh na mná agus bíonn buidéal aca nuair a théigheann siad isteach bíonn siad ag cur síos ar eachtraibh an t-saoghail agus nuair a bhíos siad sáthach teann leis an gcailín óg a iarraidh tarrnuigheann duine aca amach an buidéal agus annsin tosuigheann siad ag caint faoi'n gcleamhnas. Iarann siad (siad) spré freisin agus bfhéidir go bfhuigheadh siad sgór nó dhó punt nó mara mbeadh sin ag an gcailín gheobfhadh sí bó bfhéidir nó cúpla budóg nó rud ecínt eile. Acht pe rud a fhághann an cailín óg mar spré socruightear sa gcleamhras é. Bíonn an cleamhnas déanta seachtmhain nó cúpla lá sul a ndeantar an pósadh.

mháthair nuair a d'airigh muid mo athar ag rádh, "Fainic na bfuil ciseán lé h-aghaidh na n-uibheacha agaibh? Siúd isteach liom fhéin agus thug mé liom an ceaintín mór leathan a bhí ar an mbord. Dimthigh an bheirt againn linn agus go bródamhail dúinn fhéin. Tigh Mhicil Bhearcla an dara teach a chuaidh muid agus seas muid sa doras agus dubhairt mé fhéin. "Teighidh ar bhúr nglúine agus abruighidh bhúr gcuid páidreacha agus leigidh Naomh Brígid isteach." "Taraidh isteach," adeir bean an tighe linn fhéin. Isteach linn agus rug bean an tighe ar an mBrídeóg agus phóg sí í agus leí agus thug sí anuas cupla ubh againn agus leag sí síos na gceaintín go curamach iad. "Go raibh maith agus fad saoghail agaibh," adeir mé fhéin, "agus go mba seacht bhfearr bhéar sibh an tam seo arís." "Go mba hé dhaoibh," adeir bean an tighe linn. "Thug Baibín cupla brobh di annsin agus d'imthigh muid linn go bródhamh agus bhí muid ag tabhairt corr-shúil an an gceaintín ar fatchíos go mbriseadh na h-uibheacha orainn. Bhí muid ag imtheacht linn ó theach go teach mar sin nó go raibh gach teach sa mbaile suibhalta againn, bhí leath an cheaintín mór de uibheacha againn agus sparán maith airgid. 'Sí Máire Chóilím a thug an srarán dúinn leis an airgead a chur ann. Chuaidh muid ag an siopa annsin lé na h-uibheacha agus fuair mmuid airgead orra tug fear a'tsiopa cúpla pinghin eile lé cois dhúinn.D'imthigh muid abhaile annsin agus roinn muid an t-airgead cothrom eadrainn ag dul abhaile dhúinn. Bhí an bheirt againn ag léimeacht lé teann áthais, mar gheall ar a raibh d'airgead againn. Nuair a tháinic mé abhaile bhí Máirtin i istigh rómham agus thosuigh sé ag iarraidh airgid orm, ach sin a raibh de mhaith dhó ann, mar is maith a bhí sé saothruighthe agam fhéin ar feadh na h-oidhche ag imtheacht ó theach go teach. Acht choinnigh an pógaire beag ag tuineadh liom agus do gh

ná Nucóil.
Bhí go leor páistí aige agus chuaidh sé isteach chuig a bhean agus dubhairt sé leithe go marbhocaidh sé an laogh go bhfeiceadh sé céard a bí ag reamhrú an laogh.
Chuiadh sé sa bpáirc a raibh an laogh ann agus dfhan sé ag an mbaile go dtí am marbh na h-oidhche agus chonnaic sé an bó ag teacht ó liosín na Truim agus ag tabhairt diúl do'n laogh. Níor bhac sé léithe an chéad oidhche.
Chuaidh sé abhaile agud d'innis sé da bhean céard a bhí ag reamhrú an laoigh agus dubhairt sé léithe go go dtiocfadh sé amach oidhche amarach agus go gcongbhocadh sé an bhó san oidhche i mbárach. Chuaidh sé amach an oidhche i ndiaidh sin agus tháinig an bó an t-am ceadhna. Bhí maide droighin aige agus an salann baistigthe agus an t-uisge coisrighthe.
Nuair a bhí a shaith ólta ag an laogh bhí an bhó ag imtheacht agus

Tráthamhail go leór bhuail sé an doras isteach ag dul fa na gréine agus an fainne in a ghlac aige. D'fhiosruig an sean-fheairín dhó a bhfúair sé an fáinne. O! fuair ar seisean agus beag an beann dom é a fhághail". "Tá go maith" ar seisean. Shuidheadar beirt cun teineadh agus chaitheadar an oidhche ag deanamh ceóil agus ag damhsa.
Maidin lá ar na mháireach nuair a d'éirigheadar d'fhiafruigh mac an riogh don t-sean-fheairín céard a chaithfidh sé a dhéanamh an lá sin. "Fan go fóill" ar seisean agus chuaidh sé amach agus fuair sé cléite circe. "Seo" anois ar seisean "cuir brat ar an stábla sin thoir leis an gcléite sin "Dona go leór" arsa mac an ríogh agus chuaidh sé amach agus bhain sé píosa den chléite le cur ar an teach agus nuair a thóg sé in a láimh dhó d'imthigh an chuid sin le gaoith. Bhí sé mar sin aríamh go h-am dinnéir go dtáinic an t-inghean le na dhinnéar aige. "Seadh" ar sise "cé mar tá tú ag déanamh". "Go dona" ar seisean. "agus nach bhfuil aon phíosa den chléite agad" "Ó! tá" ar seisean ag teasbáint piosa dí. "Tá do dhóthain agad" ar sise. Rinne sí dhá phíosa dhé agus leag sí piosa ar gach binn

Beithidheach beag iseadh an Rón atá ina connuidhth sa bfairrge ar nós an bhric. Snámhann sé leis faoi uisge agus amannta suidheann sé ar charraig dha ghrianú féin. Tá búir aige nach bfuil mórán de dhifridheacht idir é agus búir na bó.Tán an tóir ar chroiceann agus ar ola an Róin. Tá an rón i gosainlacht leis an duine mar tá chúig méir ar caon chois leis agus mar sin ní ceart é a mhárbhú. Deir na sean daoine go raibh Sasannach thall i Rosmuc suim mhaith bliadhanna ó shoin ann ag caitheamh saoire. Bhí gunna aige agus an tóir a bheith ag marbhú Rónta.Lá amháin chonnaic sé Rón mór ar Carraig i ngar do láimh. Soláthar sé a ghunna agus shín sé an rón boacht mín marbh. Thug sé leis abhaile é dfeann é agus bhain an ola as.Níor bhraith sé aon donas air de bhárr an gníomh sin gídh gur chuir muintir na háite ar a aireachar é.Bhí clann an fhir seo ag fás súas agus iad ag dul ar sgoil. Lá amháin agus iad ag an gcladach connaic duine aca

Sean-PaidreachaSeo paidir a déarfadh na daoine go dtí an lá atá indiu ann. Nuair a bhíonn siad ag dul a chodladh:-
Nuair a luigheas mé ar mo leabadh cuireann mé mo dhá láimh ar m'ocht i bhfuirm na croithe chéasta agus abraím liom fhéin chaithfidh mé bás a fhágháil, níl fhíos agam cé'n uair, cé'n áit, nó cé'n t-am
Má fhághaimh bás i bpeachadh

Tá feilm againn sabhaile agus cuireann m'athair na fataí ar an bhfeilm ins an t-Earrach gach bhliadhain. Ar dtúis déanann mo mháthair na sciolláin agus fágann sí súil in gach píosa. Nuair a bhíonn na sciolláin déanta aicí déanann m'athair na h-iomairí le chéacht.Ins an t-sean aimsir do dhéanadh na daoine na h-iomairí le láirghe, acht ní dhéanann nac daoine na h-iomairí anois le láirghe. Tá céacht ag gach duine anois. Gheibheann m'athair dhá chapall agus céacht agus déanann sé cúig sgríb leis an gcéacht. Nuair a bhíonn an méid sin déanta ag m'athair tugtar iomairí ar sin. Cuireann sé an leasú ar na h-iomairí annsin. Bíonn na h-iomairí réidh leis na fataí a chur ann. Tá a lán daoine ann agus déanann siad driollanna.Tá a lán sórt fataí ann mar atá-:
"Kerrpinks", "Champions", "Chiefs" and the Arranbaners. Nuair a bhíonn na fataí ag fás cuireann m'athair cloch-ghorm ar na fataí sa gcaoi go bhfásann siad go maith. Treabhann na daoine agus fuirsigheann siad an talamh, le h-aghaidh na ndriollanna ar dtúis agus annsin cuireann siad an leasú ar na driollanna, agus annsin fágann siad na

ó shoin ná cnocán na sealadeacht.
Carraig an choisméig
Tá an carraig seo thíos i ngar do fhairrge agus tá carraig eile tuairim is ocht déag slat uaidh agus bhíodh daoine ag caith a léim ann. Chinn ar go leór daoine léim a chaitheadh agus caith sagart a léim ann agus is é an t-ainm atá ar an áit ó shoin ná carraig an choisméig.
Aill na Carróige
Tá an aill seo thíos i ngar don fairrge do bhíodh go leór carróga ann agus mharbhuigh duine carróg ann lé gunna agus bíonn siad ar an aill seo go minic agus bíonn cuid aca ag eitilt ós a cionn.
Aill na ruisín.
Tá an áit seo suidhte ins an Árdmór thíos i ngar don fhairrge agus do bhíodh daoine ag obair timcheall ann agus nuair a bhíodh siad ag ithe teigeadh siad suas ar an gcloch seo agus sin é an fáth go bhfuil Aill na ruisín glaoidhte ar, tá trágh na n-aile thíos faoi.
Trágh na n-aile.
Tugadh trágh na n-aile ar an trágh seo. Tá sé suidhte ins an Árdmór. Tá go leór clocha

Tá fhios agamsa gur tú, asa an minisdeara leis agus marbuigheadh e Seán ar scatas a fhág sé de beo ann. chuaigh Seán abhaile chuig a mháthair agus níor thémuigh sé an gadaidhe dubh o shoin.Lá amhaín bhí fear ag siubhal cnuic. Bhí gnota aige i áit eicint. Bhí sé ag subhaill agus ag sior imtheacht nó go dtanaic sé go dtí cnocan árd sléibhe. Do shuidhe sé síos ag leigint a sgíthe. Is gearr go bfhaca sé fear dubh ag triall air. Do bhuail fiathchíos é ar dtus act nuair a bhí sé roinnt gar dó labhair sé leis. Bhiodar ag cainnt i b'fad nuair a bhí a sgíth toigthe aca d'imigh leobh ag siubhal an cnoc arist. Bhíodar ag cainnt is gearr gur dtánaic an oidhche. Bhí siad i gcruadh chás annsin. Is gearr go b'fáca siad solus i bhfad uathaibh. Triall siad air. Nuair a shroich síad é ní raibh glas ar bíth ar an doras. Chuadar isteach. Bí póta feóla ar an teine.

mise coidcin
Nó gur fheice mé mo leas ort ar thaobh Ros a Mhil.
IV
Da mbeadh agamsa costú ar bhóithre an rí,
Trí cion go capallaí i gcomhnuidhe ag cur faoi
Is a bhfuil go bráth ó Coirneach go toirn Ros a Mhíl
Sí Mollie Bán a thagann gan bolach ná pighinn
V
Siubhalfainn ó thrionn go h-Éireann leat
Is Baile na Gréig anál
Rachainn go Flaithis Dé leat
Da bhféadfainn a dul ann
Tiubhrainn bannaí beal duit
Is mo dha laimh faoi do cheann
Is nó ndéarfainn bán ná spreidh leat
A phéarla an bhrollaigh bán

Bhíodh siad ag tabhairt leó ba, caoirigh, muca, caiple os comhair cuile dhuine agus ní fhéadfadh aon duine drannadh leó.
Thugaidis droch bhualadh go daoine agus chaith siad an t éadach amach sa bfairrge agus bhí orraibh dul abhaile gan snáth.
Nuair a beadh cruach coirce buailte ag duine, tiubharfadh sé soir thar an Abhainn í mar ní raib baint aca thar an abhainn.
Daoine a bhíodh talamh mhaith aca bhainfidis dhíobh é dob fhéin.
Dá mbhead capall ag duine thógfadh siad uaidh é agus mar a mbhead fonn air an capall a tabhairt uaidh thugaidis leó an bó is fearr a bhead aige freisin.
Bhí an tir go mór fá cois aige.
Caithead daoine na háite dul ag obair dhó gan biaid gan páighe agus annsin tráthnóna chuirfeadh sé iad ag troid le reithe mór olc mar caitheamh aimsire dhó.
An Blácach agus Poillín Ó Ceallaigh.
Bhíodh na Blácaigh ag coinneál chuile píosa adhmad a thagadh isteach le taoille.
Tháinig sal mór isteach taob soir go Abhainn Cruimlinn agus fuair Póillin Ó Ceallaigh é. Fuair an Blacac sgéal air agus tháinig sé aniar:- chuir sé i bfairrge é agus thug leis

dara lá múduighthe í agus an tríomhad lá cuireadh i. Sin é an sgéal anois faoi laetheannta na Bó Riabhaice agus go fada le mo thuairimh tá sé fíor.

nach bhféadfad sé go raibh an clogann le caillaimhaint aige. D'fágháidh sé slán agus beannacht Dé ag a mháthair agus d'imthigh sé leis. Bhí sé ag imtheacht go déo nó go dtáinic sé chomh fada le fear na feasóige léithe. Bhí triúr inghean leis amhuigh ar snámh agus ghoid sé leath-sgiathán leis an inghean b'óige agus a tháiniceadar isteach bhí an bheirt eile ag imtheacht ní raibh a leath-sgiathan le fághail aice, bhí sí píosa dhá chuartughad nuair a tháinich an fear seo amach agus thugh sé de í. Annsin d'fiafruigh sé de cé a bhí istigh agus dubhairt sise go raibh a h-athair isthigh agus dubhairt sí go raibh a h-athair ag súil leis agus "nuair a thiochfas tú isteach abair go mbheannuighidh Dia annseo

Chonnaic mé madra uisce imbéal gunna
As é ag faire ar béal a chuain mhóir.
Chonnaic mé coinín ar Charraig Chuimín lá stoirme 'gus taoile mhóir .
Chonnaic mé cnoc i Leitir Mealláin ? stand ag Eamon Bhriain.
Bhí bearrach ar bhearnach ar chapall as ar bhó go déan.
Chonnaic mé an fear ag cur cochall taobh thiar den gréin.
Chonnnaic mé an siongán ag tarraint míol mór i dtír.
Chonnaic mé an corcán na phota ag bean óg san GréigChonnaic me bearrach ar ghamhain 'sé ag
d[?] go tréan.
As chonnaic mé coinin [fear?], a cur cochall taobh thiar den ghréin.
Chonnaic mé coinín ar Carr. Cuimín

Bhí mac ag an gobán saor agus bhí sé chomh cliste ag an gcéard agus a bí an gobán féin. Thosaigh sé ag obair agus é an óg acht ní raibh aon mheas ag na saoir cloiche eile ar a gcuid oibre. bhíodar ag magadh faoi. Dubhairt duine leis lá amháin ding a dhéanamh poll a líonabh. Do dearc an mac go tapaidh ar an bpoll. Tar éis tamall rinne an fear an ding. D'iarr ar an saor cloice ana theasbaine do. Do ghair an saor cloice a méar isteach sa bpoll agus é ag gáire faoi mac an ghobháin. Do chaith an mac an ding comh díreach sin isteach sa bpoll ghur ghreamhug sé méar an tsaoir. Cloice insan bpoll leis an ding. Bí air annsin an mhéar a geárradh de. Níor gáire sí faoi an mac as sin amach agus bhí meas ag na saoir. Cloice eile air annsin.
Do theasthuigh an gobán saor bean an chiallmhar dá mac. Dubhairt só le na giolla caors a mharbú. Thug sé an croiceann dá mac agus dubhairt sí leis é a tabhairt go dtí an t-aonach agus an croiceann féin agus a tuac ar thabhairt ar

(1) Teach mór mór é. Coinnleór ór é. Tomhais go beo nó sgaoil thart é?
Reidhteach . Flaitheas
(2)Lár a chroidhe in a cheann is seasann sé ar cos amháin?
Cabáiste
(3) Pota sa gcúinne agus dá céad súile air.? Corcainín Anbhruith.
(4) Céard nach raibh ariamh agus nach mbeidh go deo?
Nead luiche i gcluas cait.
(5) Ta sé chomh cruinn led' cheann is tá sé h-árd leis na mílte crann?
Iar Snáithe
6 Céard a ionntuigheann gan corruighe?
Báinne
7 Céard is mó itheann féar na caoirigh dubha nó na caoirigh bána?
Na caoirigh bána mar tá níos mó aca an.
8 Tuige dearcann bó thar claidhe?
Mar níl sí in ann dearcadh faoi.

Áine Ní Fatharta do chuir síos. Bhí Rí ann fadó agus bhí triúr inghean aige. Ní raibh fios aige cé acu de'n triúr a bhfágfadh sé a ríoghacht aici agus bhí se ag déanamh an t-an.bhuaidheartha doibh. Bhí cathaoir ag an rí a raibh draoidheacht agus duine ar bith a shuidhfeadh is an gcathaoir sin péarbith rud a d'iarrfadh sé bheadh sé le fagháil aige. Bhíodh seomra ag an Rí do'n chathaoir seo i gcomhraide agus bhíodh glas aige air.Lá amháin da ndeacha an Rí amach a fiadhach thárla go ndéarna sé dearmad ar an nglar a chur ar an seomra a raibh an chathaoir aige ann. Chuaidh an triúr inghean isteach agus sí an duine ba shine do shuidh ar an gcathaoir ar dtús. D'iarr sise mac Rioghan Domhan Thoir a theacth ghá h-iarradh le pósadh. Shuidh an dara h-inghean sa gcathaoir agus d'iarr sise ar Mac Ríoghan Domhain Thiar a theacht gá h-iarraidh le posadh. Shuid an inghean a b'óige sa gcathaoir agus d'iarr sí ar Mada Bán na hOcht gCos a theacht ghá h-iarraidh le pósadh.Nr. a tháinic an Rí bhí sé ar dearg bhuile le feirg agus faoi cheann dhá lá 'na dhiaidh sin tháinic Mac R. an D. Thoir agus bhuail sé ar an doras acu. Dubht. sé a bhean a chur amach chuige. 'Sí an inghin a b'óige a chuirfeadh amach chuige. Dubht. sé nárbh' shin í a bhean agus b'eigean dóibh an inghin ba sise, a bhean féin, do chur amach chuige. D'imthigh leis an mbeirt acu ann sin.Lá'r na mháireach tháinic mac R. an D. Thiar. Bhuail sé

Bhí madarallta san áit seo fadó agus bhí sé an-chríonna. Bhí sé ráidhte dá gcasadh sé do dhuine agus é 'spáint sgian cois bhán dó nach mbacfadh sé leis. Aon lá amháin bhí fear ag dul go Magh Cuilin agus chas sé leis. 'Spáin a' fear sgian do a raibh cois bhán innti, agus d'imthigh an madarallta leis ansin. Is gear gur chas fear eile do'n fhear seo agus d'fhiafruigh sé dó a' raibh aon sgian cois bhán aige, agus dubht. sé go raibh. Thug a' fear dó ansin an sgian a bhí aige féin, agus bhí sé féin annsin gan aon sgian. Is gear gur chas a' madarallta leis a' bfear a fuair a' sgian. Nr. a chas d'aithin an madarallta an sgian. Rith sé leis ar an bpoinnte. Tháinic sé suas leis an gcéad fhear agus mharbhuigh sé é.

Diarmuid Súgach.Bhí Diarmuid na dhuine siamsamhail agus níor bhfearr leis an lá ná an oidhche lé h-aghaidh siubhail. Chomhnuigh sé i bhfosgeacht míle slighe do Chnoc an Dúin. Oidhche Shamhna amháin dimthigh na daoine maithe go Cúige Laighean le inghean Rígh Laighean d'fhuadach. D'fhuadadar leó ó Chúige Laighean go Cnoc an Dúin. Bhí Diarmuid amuigh mar ba ghnáth leis, mar ins an tsean aimsir bhíodh siamsa agus spóirt ins gach baile an oidhche seo. Bhídís ag déanamh cleas go bhfuighidís amach cé'n rud a bhead in dhán dóibh nó an bpósfaidhe iad sul dá mbheadh an bhliádhain thart. Ar triall abhaile dhó taca meadhon oidhche chonnaic sé buidhean chuige san mbóthar agus iad ag iompar corp mar bhfhacas dó san.

shiota ar an bpoinnte agus sin é an uair a chuimhnigh sé gur as Éirinn é. Chuaidh sé seacht n-acra i ndhiaidh a chúil agus tháinig sé agus bhain sé an ceann ón ngualainn den fhathach. Nuair a bhí ceann an fhathaigh ag dul suas ins an aer dubhairt sé "Dá bhfuighinn-se mé féin ar an gcolainn aríst leann na bhFiann ní bhainfeadh mo chloigeann díom". "Ní bhfuighidh tú thú féin ar an gcolainn aríst" arsa mac na baintreabhaighe ag breith ar an gclaidheamh agus ag déanamh smidiríní den cholainn.
Dimthigh leis annsin agus é tuirseach tárrnuighthe tar éis an lae. Tháinig sé go dtí an teach agus cuireadh na mílte míle fáilte roimhe. Dubhairt sé go gcaitheadh sé dhul abhaile go dtí a mhathair. Acht dubhairt an sean-fhear leis fanacht. Dimthigh leis lá ar na bhárach agus bhí aistir fada lé siubhal aige go sroichfeadh sé teach a mháthair. Bhí sé ag siubhal nó gur casadh isteach i gcrann coille é. Thosuigh sé ag baint crainn agus dá bhfeannadh nó gur rinne sé long. Nuair a bhí an long déanta aige ní raibh bárr cleite amach na bun cleite isteach innte chomh [?] n-oiread lé druim gé. Chuir sé an long seacht bpéirse i bhfairrge gur sheol sé lé na thrí sgód nó gur shroich sé teach a mháthair

Luch Mór.
Bhí cairréar ag teacht abhaile tar éis ualach coirce a dhíol. Thug sé marcuigheacht do fhear as Baile an Chláir. Thosuigh an bheirt aca ag seanchus le chéile, agus dubhairt an fear leis go raibh trioblóid mór air, nach raibh sé ag fághail codladh na hoidhche ag luch mór a bhí ag teacht chuile oidhche, ag briseadh is ag reabadh gach rud sa teach. Ghlac an cairréar truagh mhór dhó, agus dubhairt sé go raibh cat sa mbaile aige nár clis aon luch ariamh air gán é a mharbhú. Gheall sé go mbeadh sé ag teacht seachtmhain ó'n lá sin le ualach eile, agus go dtiubhradh sé an cat leis. Tháinig an luch mhór san trathnóna. Nuair a connaic an cat í, ghlac sí faitchíos agus d ealuigh sí amach. Bhí deirbhsiúr aige (an cat) a bhí seacht míle uaidh agus thug sé leis í, agus bhí siad ar fághail le fainne an lae. Shuidhe ceann aca ar aon taobh de'n teallach, agus dfhan siad mar sin go dtí an trathnóna gur tháinig an luch mór arís. Léim siad uirri annsin, agus mharbhuigh siad é sa deire.

glaodhadh súas ar fear na sgéalta. Chúadh seisean súas, níl aon sgéal agam a deir sé ach tá duine agam le cur imó-áit. Tá go maith a dubhairt. Chúaidh mac an tsean-fhir súas. Má táim-se ag dul ag innseacht sgéal adeir má lochtuigheann aon-dhuine is é a thíocfas sa teine in-áit m'athait. Bhí sé leagthúighthe amach ina dhlíghe.
Thosuigh sé ag innseacht an sgéil. Bhí garrdhaí breágh coirce agamsa. Chúaidh mé fhéin agus mé deribhshú agus mó mháthair dhá bhaint. Chúaidh mise sa gceann a bfuide ón teach. Ba gearr gur eirigh gíarrfaidh as an tom. Chaith mé an corán leis agus cá gcuirinn an corán i bhfostadh ach ina cheartí. Rith an girrfaidh treasna an choirce agus bhí mó mháthair roimhe. Rith sé aríst agus bhí mó dreifúr roimhe. Rith sé an treas úair agus bhí mé féin roimhe. Chonnigh sé air mar sin nó go raibh an garrdha coirce uilig bainte aige.
Lár na bháireach

den stábhla agus chuir sí brat breágh air. "Anois" ar sise "na hinis don t-sean-fhear gur mise a rinne dhuit é nó beidh an ceann le cailleadh ag an mbeirt againn". "Tá go maith" ar seisean. Tráthnóna nuair a chuaidh sé abhaile d'fhiafraigh an sean-fheairín dhe ar chuir sé brat ar an stábhla 's dúirt mac an ríogh gur chuir.
"Ó! ar seisean "mo bheannacht dhuit féin agus mo mhallacht go béal do mhúinnte". Bhí fhios ag an t-sean-fheairín annsin gur bí an t-inghean a bhí ag déanamh an ghnotha dhó. "Fannaigí an bheirt agaibh ansin go maidin ag coinghabháil cainnte liomsa". D'fhan an bheirt ar an teallach agus chuaidh an sean-fheairín sa seomra in a chodhladh agus an bheirt ag conghabháil cainnte leis ón dteallach. "Anois" ar sa inghean le mac an ríogh "má fhanann muid annseo go maidin beidh an cloigeann le cailleadh ag an mbeirt againn acht anois" ar sise "tá dhá chíste aráin ar an mbort agus tiubhrad (béarfad) cainnt dóibh agus gabhfaidh muid ar ais go h-Éirinn gan fhios dó". "Tá go maith" ar sa mac an ríogh Thug sise cainnt don dá chíste agus bhíodar á choinnghabháil cainnte leis agus d'imigh an bheirt ar chapall. Bhíodar tamall maith ag imtheacht acht fá dhéire dubhairt an t-ingheann le mac an ríogh túirling den chapall. Thug sí gloine dhó

Tá trí cineál duine boct ann
(1) Duine atá le na toil féin
(2) duine atá boct le toil Dé
(3) Duine atá boct Dá mba leis an doman go léir
Buscaill aimsire bí ag fear agus bfada leis an lá
Faoi deire breatnuig sé suas ar an ngréin agus dubhairt: -

Bhí fear saidhbhir ann úair amháin agus chuaid sé ag an aonach le beithidhigh. Cupla lá ina dhiaidh sin cailleadh duine muinthireacht do. Chuaid sé go dtí an tórramh san oidhche, nuair a bhí sé ag fágáil a thíghe féin cheangal sé an chú a bhí aige do chois an bhoird. Ní raibh sé i bfad bailighte leis nuair a tháinig bean isteach sa teach agus díarr sí tae ar bhean an tighe. Bhí feoil crochta i lár an tighe agus ní raibh an bean indón sroisint chomh fada leis. Dubhairt an bean a tháinig isteach gur bí féin abaoirde agus go dtabharfadh sí anuas é. Dubhairt bean an tighe leithi ansin uisge a thabhairt isteach agus núair a chuaidh sí ag iarraidh an uisge dhúin bean atighe an dorus uirrthi. Chuaidh sí féin agus an paiste súas an staghaire annsin agus ní raibh sé ibfad go dtáinig sluágha mór ag an dorus agus mharbhuigh siad bean an tighe. Nuair a bhí bean an tighe agus an páiste marbh chuimil an cú é féin den fuil a bhí ar an urlár cuaidh sé go teach na torraimh agus nuair a tháinig sé thosuigh sé ag tarrainght an fhir ag iarraidh é thabhairt abhaile. Nuair a chonnaic an fear an fuil a bhí ar an gcú dubhairt sé go raibh (ina thuáirim) caora marbh ag an mbitheaunnach. D’imíthig an chú annsin agus niorbh fhada go dtáinig sé arís faoi deifir mhór agus lean ag strachailt an fhir ag iarraidh é thabhairt abhaile. Dhúbhairt an fear

Bhí fear saidhbhir ann úair amháin agus chuaid sé ag an aonach le beithidhigh. Cupla lá ina dhiaidh sin cailleadh duine muinthireacht do. Chuaid sé go dtí an tórramh san oidhche, nuair a bhí sé ag fágáil a thíghe féin cheangal sé an chú a bhí aige do chois an bhoird. Ní raibh sé i bfad bailighte leis nuair a tháinig bean isteach sa teach agus díarr sí tae ar bhean an tighe. Bhí feoil crochta i lár an tighe agus ní raibh an bean indón sroisint chomh fada leis. Dubhairt an bean a tháinig isteach gur bí féin abaoirde agus go dtabharfadh sí anuas é. Dubhairt bean an tighe leithi ansin uisge a thabhairt isteach agus núair a chuaidh sí ag iarraidh an uisge dhúin bean atighe an dorus uirrthi. Chuaidh sí féin agus an paiste súas an staghaire annsin agus ní raibh sé ibfad go dtáinig sluágha mór ag an dorus agus mharbhuigh siad bean an tighe. Nuair a bhí bean an tighe agus an páiste marbh chuimil an cú é féin den fuil a bhí ar an urlár cuaidh sé go teach na torraimh agus nuair a tháinig sé thosuigh sé ag tarrainght an fhir ag iarraidh é thabhairt abhaile. Nuair a chonnaic an fear an fuil a bhí ar an gcú dubhairt sé go raibh (ina thuáirim) caora marbh ag an mbitheaunnach. D’imíthig an chú annsin agus niorbh fhada go dtáinig sé arís faoi deifir mhór agus lean ag strachailt an fhir ag iarraidh é thabhairt abhaile. Dhúbhairt an fear

aon céo agat. Níl adéir sé.
Seo anois adéir sise tá mé ag tabhairt dhuit na huibhe seo agus má bualann tú ar an gchroidhe ar mo atair í. Tuitheann sé as a seasamh agus bhéidh muide slán. Tugh sí dhó í acht ní raibh sé de meisneach aige í a chaitheadh leis tháinich chrathad na láimh, agus b'éigin de i a tabhairt dhó fhéin le chaitheadh. Chaith sí í agus buail sí ar an gchroidhe ar a h-athair í.
Anois a dhéir sí leis an fhear Tá muid ceart go leór, ní bhéidh aon dhuine ag chuir isteach orainn go déo aríst.
Annsin

sé síos an simléar é go mall a's go h-aireach. Ní raibh Tomáisín acht cúpla slat síos nuair a bhris an rópa agus síos leis de plimp isteach í lár an luaithridh. Mhusgail an torran a rinne sé sean-fear a bhí in a codhladh. Shnáimh Tomáisín isteach faoi'n leabaidh agus dfan sé ann go socair. D'eirigh an sean-fhear agus las sé coinneall, acht ní fhaca sé aon rud acht acht cat. Nuair connaic an gaduidhe a bhí amuigh an solus, bhain sé as ins na fásgai. Tar éis tamaillín tug an sean-fhear a leabhaidh ar ais agus níor bhfada gur thuit a throm codladh air. Thosuig Tomáisín ag uthamáil faoi'n leabaidh agus caidé do bharamhail a fuar sé acht croiceann bulláin agus é iomlán. Cuir sé an croiceann faoí na asgail agus déaluigh sé amach an doras. Bhí sé an dorca taob amuigh agus ní raibh fhios aige cé'n bealach ba ceart dó a gabháíl. Faoi deireadh thiar thosuig sé ag siubhal agus níor bhfada go bhfaca sé léas beag solus í bfaid uaidh. Tarraing sé ar an soluis sin chomh tapaid í nÉireann, agus do b'féidir leis é, as teach ar imeall coille a bhí an solas ag teacht. Cuaidh Tomáisín cun na fuinneóige agus d'amarc isteach agus céard a chonnaic sé acht triuir gaduidhe in a suidhe ag bord, agus carn mor óir da comhaireamh acú. Cuir sé croiceann an bulláin air féin agus cuir sé a cheann suas

Amadán Mháire Ruadh
Bhi baintreabhach ann fadó is bhí aon mac ámháin aici darb ainm Mánus. Bhí Mánus 'na amadán is ní raibh sé in-ann tada a dhéanamh ceart. Buaileadh tinn a mháthair is ní raibh pingin airgid sa teach aici. Bhí bréidín le díol aici ach ní raibh aoinne aici gabhfadh ag an margadh leis. Sa deire dubhairt sí le Mánus dul leis an mbréidín is é dhíol. Chuaidh Mánus ar an margadh is chuaidh fear dá cheannacht uaidh is nuair a laimhsigh an fear é dubhairt sé to raibh an bréidín fliuch is é sgaradh ar an gclaidhe abhí taobh amuigh de'n aonach le tiormughadh. Rinne an t-amadán mar dubhradh leis is nuair abhí an bréidín sgartha aige chuaidh se ar ais ar an aonach. An fhaid is bhí an t-amadán imtighthe ghoid duine éicint an bréidín. Nuair a táinig an t-amadán ar ais is fuair sé an bréidín imtighthe thosuigh sé ag glaodhach is ag béiceadh. Is gearr gu dubhairt fear leis gurab iad na sidheóga a thug leo é isteach sa lios. Chuaidh an t-amadán go dtí an leachta is thosuigh sé ag iartadh is is gearr gur fuair sé buatais óir; annsin chuaidh sé abhaile sásta go leór. Bhí ceannaidhe san áit is cuile pingin bíodh sparálta aige cuireadh sé i dtaisge sa leachta seo é. Bhí droch-cuma ar an gceannaidhe nuair fuair sé an t-ór imtighthe. Fuair sé fios gur ag Mánus abhí an t-airgead is d'iarr sé lóistín ar Mánus (abhí an) oidhche amháin le súil is go bhfuigheadh sé an t-ór. Nuair abhí sé sgata san oidhche fuair Mánus láidhe is bhuail sé an ceannaidhe is marbhuigh sé é. Annsin cuir sé féin is a máthair i bpoll

Bhí an Mhaighdean Mhuire agus Dia ag imtheacht lá agus chuaidh siad isteach i dteach a bhí ar thaobh an bhóthair agus bhí an cailín aimsire a bhí ins an dteach ag deanamh cáca agus d'iarr an Mhaighdean Mhuire píosa beag go'n taos a thabhairt di in onóir Dé. Dubhairt an cailín aimsire nach bhféadfadh sí é a thabhairt di mar nach raibh aicí ach an méid a bhí sí ag cur ins an gcáca. Dubhairt an Mhaighdean Mhuire léichí píosa beag a thabhairt dí féin. Thug an cailín aimsire píosa beag dí agus chuir an Mhaighdean Mhuire an píosa cáca ar an teine. Thosaigh an cáca ag méadú nó go raibh sé chomh mór le cáca ar bith. Ansin thosnaigh arbhur ag fás air. Tamall ina dhiaidh sin tháinig fear a' tighe isteach agus chonnaic sé an cáca a bhí ar an teine. D'iarr an fear ar an gcailín aimsire cé a chuir síos an cáca agus d'innis an cailín dó gurbh bean siubhail a tháinig isteach.
"D'iarr sí déirce orm in onóir Dé agus thug me píosa beag cáca dí. Chuir sí ar an teine é agsu thosuigh sé ag méadú is ag méadú nó go raibh sé chomh mór le cáca ar bith. Annsin thosnuigh arbhur ag fás air. D'iarr an fear ar an gcailín aimsire an raibh an bhean i bhfad imithe agus dubhairt an cailín nach raibh.
"Meas tú an dtiocfaidh mé suas léithi."

San Inid is mo a posann daoine thart 'nar gceanntar agus fior chorr uair a mbíonn aon phósadh ann taobh amuigh de'n t am sin.
Bíonn cleamhnais ann ar dtús agus tugtar airgead - má bhíonn sé aca - no bó mhar spré. Le blianta anuas ní bhíonn an cleamhnas ann i gcomhnuidhe agus nuair a bhíonn fhéin ní bhíonn oiread sin i láthair agus bhíodh fadó nuair a bhíodh an fuisge saor; Minic an uair sin bhíodh siad dhá oidche mar bheadh banais ann. Ní theigheann daoine a bfad ó bhaile le bean feileamhnach fhághail agus mar gheall ar sin tá mórán gaolta ag beagnach chuile dhuine thart in a cheanntar fhéin - "Pós bean aniar agus pósfaidh tú a bfuil shiar."
Níl cuimhne ag aoinne pósaidhthe bheith ar siubhal sna tighcibh, shiubhalfaidis ag an teach phobail fadó, annsin leis an aimsear theighidis ann ar chárr cliathánach no "jaunt" acht anois

1. Tagann sé isteach a dhruim na daoine agus teigheann sé amach comh mín le síoda.
Freagra = Móin,2. Céard atá ag corruigh is ag corruigh is ná corruigheann as a n-áit.
Freagra = Diorball Muice,3. Tá sé ort is ní trom leat é
Freagra = do Ainm,4. Teachtaire beag ó theach go teach 's bíonn amuigh san oidhche
Freagra = bóithrín,5. Comh bán le bainne, comh milis le mil, comh h-árd leis an balla 's chomh dearg le fuil.
Freagra = ubhall i gcrainn6. Ceathrair ag rith, ceathrar ag crith, beirt ag faire, beirt ar an gcarraig 's whip ag luasgaidh taobh thiar dí
Freagra = bó ag rith,7. Céard a caitheas bróg is nach bhfuil aon bróg aige
Freagra = bothar

I
Dá mbéadh "sty" i ndo shúil agus dó leigtheadh an deor (an sty) le deilg crainn spionáin níú thiocfadh sty indo shuil go deo agus do leigheasfadh sé an tsúil.
II
Fáigh alp luachaire (ligani[?]) agus cimil de do theanga é. Annsin má dhóighteas éinne beidh tú i n-ann an duine dóigte do leigheasú ach do theanga a chimilt de'n spota dóighte.
III
Fáigh seilmeide agus biorán sabhála. Cuir poinnte an bhioráin tre iorball tighe na seilmeide. Na braonacha a thuitfeas leig iad a thuitim ar an bhfanú (trí braonacha a thuiteanns amach) agus leigheasann iad san an fanú.
IV
Fáigh giota féola; caith san aoileach é, go mbeidh sé lobhta. Annsin tóg as an aoileach é agus fágh ar an bhfanú é agus imtheochaidh an fanú agus ní mór an fheóil a ghoid as teach dhuine eile.
V
Téigh isteach go dtí teach an ghabhainn (go dtí an ceardcha. Fáigh braon uisce as an dabhaig cloiche ann, cuir ar do chois é na bhfuil an fanu agus imtheochaidh an fanú.
Fuaireas iad seo thuas ó na macaibh leiginn sa scoil. P. de Chlár

Tá each uisce thiar i loch Cuallainge.
Tagann siad aníos ar thaobh an cnuic.
Nuair a fheiceann siad duine ar bith ritheann siad sa loch.
Bhí na hiasgairí amuigh agus tháinig bean aníos as an loch agus agar a chuid gruaige thar leath na locha agus chuaidh sí síos aríst.
Ta loch Cuallainge thiar i mBaile Bhuidheáin. Bíonn pota

Tá cuinneóg againn sa mbaile. Giumhasach an cinéal adhmaid ata ann. Is as portach móna a fuair muid an maide a chuaidh ann. Cuireann muid loithne sa gcuinneóig nuair a bhíonn muid ag déanamh maistreadh agus buaileann muid suas agus anuas e go toibeann.
Tóigeann se leath-huair e a dhéanamh. Nuair a bhíonn an aimsear an

adubhairt fear na bró. “Tá mé sásta.” Fuair sé an bhró agus réidhtigh sé amach é fhéin. Ceannuigh sé long agus gach rud a d'feil dó a thabairt leis go Sasana, chuir sé innte isteach. Chuaidh a bhean agus a chlann ar bord a' bháid. Bí chuile sórt beatha réidhtighthe aca ach amháin salann. Theastuigh roinnt salainn go géar uatha. “O nach bfuil an bhró seo i ndon neart salainn a thabhairt dúinn gan morán moille?” adeir an fear Shocruigh sé an bhró ar eadach agus dubhairt sé leí bheith ag meilt salainn i n- onóir Dé agus Mhuire. Thosaigh an bhró ag meilt, ag meilt, agus ag meilt no go raibh an soitheach ag doimhniú sios le h- ualach a' tsalainn. Ní raibh fhios aige, agus nior fhiafruigh dhon driotháir a thugh an bhró dhó cé an chaoi a stopfad sé í. Bhí an bhró ag meilt gur chuir meadhdchan an tsalainn go thóin fairrge í, agus gur báthadh é fhéin agus a raibh i n- éineacht leis a bhean agus a chlann. Tá an bhró sa bhfairrge ó shoin agus í ag meilt salainn chó mear agus is feidir léi. Tá sé ráidhte gur b'shin é an fáth go bfuil an fairrge guirth ó shoin.

Bo mhór breac a'dul ag traigh, laogh in a diaidh ag[?] í gan dair. Soitheach a's gáll in a dhiaidh.
Donnchadh dhubh sa chluid, agus a mhéar go bun ina shúil. an croch
Sean duine bocht a's a mhaide faoi na ucht ina shuidhe ar charraig gan chloc a's é ag sileadh na ndeor go bocht. Teach cinn tuighe in a diaidh. cioth báistighe.
Tá bairrille amuigh annsin agus ce'n caoi a dhéanfadh tú eadtrom é. poll a chur air.
Níl sé amuigh , agus níl sé istigh acht tá sé fé dhíon an tighe. Fuinneóg
Bean mhór fada gléigeal agus crios dá taobh féin aici ponainn coirce
Ta gárdaí beag thiar annsin agus biréada beag orra Líon no síol
Caora dhubh agus lomra bán uirthi Greideal
Ceithre cosa in áirde, dhá chois ar talamh ceann an duine bheo imbéal an duine mairbh
Póta ar chlaigeann duine

Sgéal.Bhí fear agus bean ann uair amháin. Seán agus Bríd an t-ainm a bhí orra. Feilméar d'bheadh Seán agus bh[í] sé pósta le Bríd. Bhí buachaill aimsire ag obair aca. Daoine an-chruaidh d'bheadh iad. Ní raibh siad sásta a sáith le n-itthe a thabhairt do aon duine. Bhíod an tailliuir ag dul tart chuig na tighthe, nuair a bíod fúagháil le déanamh ag na daoine. Tháinig sé chuig an teach seo. Bhain sé anuas doras an tighe agus suidhe air. Bhí a fhios aige an caoi a raibh na daoine sin. Bhí an dinnéar réidh annsin. Dubhairt an bhean leis an táilliúr agus Séan agus an buachaill teacht chuig a ndinnéar agus tháinig siad chuige. Bhí feóil agus cabaíste agus fataí aca. Suidhe siad síos chuig an dinnear suidhe Séan agus a bhean síos. Bhlais Seán do'n dinnéar agus dubhairt sé "Tá mise réidh agus tá mo bhean réidh agus duine gan náire na mbheadh réidh" Dubhairt an tailliúir leis an mbucaill [!] "Fan annsin agus ith do sáith. D'fan siad annsin agus d'éirig Seán agus a bhean as. Nuair a bhí an táilliúir agus an buachaill réidh chuaidh siad ag obair aríst go suipéir. Tháinig siad chuig an suipéar. Bhlais Seán don suipéar agus dubhairt an rud ceádhna. D'an an buachaill agus an tailliúir ag ithe go raibh

Comh fhada na méar.Cnap saille fá bhun coille a's gan aon easna ann.
Seilmide.Tá sé i bhfus, tá sé thall tá sé ag brian ar a chuid tá sé thríd an sáile liath 's gan e níl blas ar uibh.
SalannRud bocht bocht 's dhá mhaide fá'n a ucht
's é ag silt na n-deór go fras,
An fár doras lá báistighe.Meig, meig, ar an taobh istigh d'en chlaidhe. Meig, meig, ar an taobh amuigh d'en chlaidhe, ní bhainfeadh an meig ar an taobh a istigh d'en chlaidhe leis an meig ar an taobh amuigh d'en chlaidhe.
NeanntógSúid thall ort é ní trom leat é. Ní ball de bhaill do chuirp é 's tá sé ort in a dhiaidh sin.
D'ainim.Teachtaire beag o theach go teach a chodluigheas amuigh san oidhthe.
Bóithrín.Cé'n mhí is lugha a ghníonn mná caint
[1] mí Feabhra.Droichead ar loch gan mhaide gan cloch

na máthair breathnú síar sa seomra, bhreathnuigh, chonnaich an t-ór agus dúbhairt "cén fáth seo". "Ná bac liomsa" a-deir an mac "ach bíadh do chuid féin agatsa". Bhuail sé leis ar maidin lá ar na bháireach agus connaic an bosca céadhna chuige isteach arís.Tháinig an Scológ amach as an mbosca agus cuir ceist air a' n-imreóchadh sé cluiche. Dúbhairt seiseann go n-imreóchadh. Chuaid siad ag imirt agus bhuáidhach mac an Rí arís.Tabhair do ghéasa anois a deir an Scológ. Beirim faoi ghéasa duit chuile garraidhe atá timcheall an tighe a bheith líonta go boimbéal le beithidhigh bheaga agus beithidhigh mhóra.Nuáir a cuaid sé abhaile dúbhairt sé le na mháthair breathnú amach sna garrainaí, breathnuigh sí amach agus chonnaic na beithidhigh "cén fáth seo" ar sise. "Is cuma dhuit" ar seiseann "beidh do chuid féin agatsa".Cuaidh sé amach ar maidin lá ar na bháireach agus ba ghearr go bfaca ag teacht chuige isteach ar bharr bóchna an Scológ. Bhí cluiche aca agus fuair an Scológ an búaidh."Bheirim faoi gheasa dhuit" a deir an Scológ "gan codhladh an dara oídhche ag aonleabaidh agus gan an dara béile d'ithche ag aon bhord go mbuailfheadh tú mo theach-sa sa domhan thoir.

imiréochadh [> imiréochaidh] tú cluiche liom." Dubhairt an t-Éarrannach go n-imiréochad. Bhuaidh an Sasanach an uair seo. Ceadh a chuireas tú. Chuireadh [> Chuirfidh] mé faoi gheasa thú agus mór d'uimhugh na bhliana ná'r ith tú an dára beile ar aon bhord nár codluigheadh tú an dárna néall ar aon leabadh [> leabaidh] go dtiochfadh [> dtiochfaidh] tú go dtí Sean-fhearín na feasóige liath [> liathe]. Chuaidh sé abhaile an oidhche seo agus é brónach go leór, agus d'imhtigh an Sasanach leis in a bhealach h-fhéin [> fhéin]. D'ith sé a shuipéar agus dubhairt sé le na mháthair nach bféadhfadh sé stad a dhéanamh nó go dtiochfhad sé chomh fada le sean-fearín na feasóige liath. " Dubhairt an mháthair leis gan bachad leis acht fanacht san mbaile. Dubhairt sé

dtíochfhadh agus dubhairt an Mach go dtiochfadh, Boil a déir an t-áthair mar sin oibhrigh leat, agus nuair a chuaidh sé suas ar bárr an teampuill, d'fhiarr sé don áthair cé acha poll a gcuirfeadh sé, án crois ann, agus bhí fhios ag an t-áthair ar an bpoinnte go raibh a cnaipe déanta mar nach raibh acht aon poll amháin.
Cuir in dó rogha poll é arsa an t-áthair agus ní túisge a bhí an fochal raidhthe ag an áthair ná tuit an Gobann Saor anuas agus marbuigheadh é agus níor fhán deóir in a cluais.

Sgéal.
An Fear a thug an t-Airgead do Íosa.Bhí fear bocht ann úair amháin, agus bhí trí phúnt aige. Shocruigh sé go dtúibhreadh sé an t-airgead do Íosa chun é a shábháil dó. Bhí sé ag siúbhal í gcómhnuidhe gur chas Íosa leis lá amháin, agus thug sé an t-airgead Dó chun é a choingbheál.
Fúair an fear bocht lóisdín í dteach beag í mbaile beag an oidhche sin. Ní raibh istigh san teach acht bean. Bhí féa[ch]aint brónach uirrí. Tháinig a fear céile isteach tar éis tamaill, agus dúbhairt an bhean leis go bhfúair an capall bás. "Ná bac leis" arsa an fear ar lóisdín" "Iocfaidh Íosa é."
Fúair an fear bocht lóisdín í mbaile eile an oidhche dár gcinn. Núair á tháinig fear a tíghe abhaile, dúbhairt a bhean leis go raibh orra an cíos a dhíol, cé nach raibh pínghin rúadh acú, nó go gcuirfidhe amach as a seilbh íad. "A íocfaidh Íosa é," arsa fear ar lóisdín.
Fúair sé lóisdín í mbaile eile oidhche eile, agus bhí an sgéal céadhna acú.

Rinne bean an tighe cáca lá, agus chuir sí síos san oighean é le bácáil. Glaoidh sí isteach ar a mac Paidín annsin. Anois a Pháidín ar sise "tabhair aire maith don cáca seo, agus ar t'anam ná leig dó dóghadh. Tá mise ag dul sios go dti an tobar"
Deanfaidh mé sin a Mhaim, arsa Páid. Rug an mháthair ar an gcanna, agus d'imthigh leí i gcoinne an uisce. Buacaill báire a bhí i bPáidín. Meas tú céard do rinn sé nuair bhí an máthair imthighthe? Dhruid sé anonn go dtí an cupord. Leag sé a lámh ar bhuidéal abhí ann. Rud eígin buidhe a bhí sa mbuidéal. Do bhí boladh láidir as. Dhoirt Páidín cúpla braon as an mbuidéal anuas ar an gcáca. Thosuigh an cáca ag at, agus

IV
Bíodh mo choc is mo ríbín innte go rí dheas ar mo cheann
Beidh solas ar na guairí is ní bheidh (solas) uaigneas orm ann.
Tá triúr ban óg i Muighinis a chaoinfeas mé ós cionn cláirFaighte ó Fheichín Ó Cualáin Calladmhuighinse, Cárna. Bean a bhí in a comhnuidhe i Muighinis fadó agus nuair abhí sí go dona ar an leabaidh do rinne sí an t-amhrán seo di féin.
Bríghidh Ní Mhaoilchiaráin Calladhmhuighinse Cárna. Amhrán Tom Bhairbre
I
Tá sé ráidte lé Mac Bhairbre
Gur fear é a rinne claidreac
San am a dhíol sé an t-sean bhó
Le Concahbhar Anna Mhaire
Bhí sgreamhóg in a puláirí
Is peire i mbárr a h-adharca
Is gur caileadh leis an ocras í
Amuigh ar chnoc na Diraine
II
Chuaidh Conchabhar bocht i jobaireacht
Is fear a bhí gan eolas
Dhíol sé leis in a budóg í

'Siad na bóithre atá 'san cheanntar seo anois, an bóthar go Cloch na Róin an bóthar go Sráth-Sálach an bóthar go Clochán agus an bóthar go Cárna. Bhí bóithre ann fadó ach níl ionnta anois ach cásáin. Sul a ndearnadh an seipéeal ar an gCaiseal bhí bóthar ó Sruth-Sháil go mBéal an Atha Fada amach treasna na sléibtibh. Bhíodh na daoine ag dul amach chuig an
t-Aifreann agus ba aith-ghiorra dóibh an bealach sin, acht nuair rinneadh an séipéal ar an gCaiseal ní raibh na daoine ag siubhal air chomh minic, d'fhás an féar air agus níl ann anois ach cosáin. Bhí bóthar eile ag dul suas taobh thuas se Sruth-Sháile soir Dúin Ríogacháin agus Caiseal Árd agus síos Gleann Tuircín, agus níl an cosán féin le feiceál acht cuid de'n bealaighe. Bhí go leor de'n t-sórt bóithre seo ann fadó, acht nílid i
n-úsáid ó rinneadh na bóithre publiochta.
Bhí go leor gadhuidhe ann freisin sula a rinneadh na bóithre publiochta agus tá go leor lochaí cnocáin agus puill timcheall annseo ainmnidhthe 'na diaidh acht nuair rinneadh na bóithre seo ní raibh an oiread deis aca éalú ar na daoinibh i ngan fhios. Bhíodh siad istig 'san sliabh ag Baile na h-Inse ag fáireamh ar na daoinibh ag tigheacht ó Clocháin.

Bhreathnuigh an fear agus nuair a diompuigh sé thart arist bhí an leipreachán bailighte leis agus ní raibh ag an bfhear acht a dul ag cartadh na créafóighe.
Nuair a bhí sé dhá chartadh chéard a chasfhaidhe leis acht giota paipéar agus séard a bhí sgriobhtha air; "Teigh abhaile agus déan do ghnó agus ná bac lé airgead." Dimthigh an fear abhaile agus é brónach go leór.